change(/wiki/coordinate-systems): Many changes. Much links.

Author: Longor1996

content/wiki/coordinate-systems/index.md

@@ -18,43 +18,78 @@ As such, it is a good idea to do one or more of these:
 - Restrict the mixing of coordinate-systems, by using a type-system that let's you create [new types](https://www.worthe-it.co.za/blog/2020-10-31-newtype-pattern-in-rust.html) from existing types.
 - Document the coordinate-systems of function parameters.
 
-## Terminology
+Note that, depending on the software you are using, the concrete definition and usage of coordinate-systems can vary *wildly*...
 
-Now then, let's get to the various coordinate systems!
+{% figure(caption="Commonly Used Coordinate Systems",author="Freya Holmér",license="[Copy embedded with permission.](https://twitter.com/FreyaHolmer/status/1530167901436649472)",class="full") %}/wiki/coordinate-systems/coordinate-systems.png{% end %}
+<div style='height:0.5rem'></div>
+{% info_notice() %}
+**Authors Opinion:**
+I recommend using a right-handed coordinate-system with Z-up or, if you prefer, Y-up.
 
-{% todo_notice() %} Add descriptive diagrams to all definitions. {% end %}
+- Blender, SketchUp and various Autodesk products use it.
+- Z-up, so that a sheet of graph-paper represents the X/Y plane.
+{% end %}
 
-### World Space
+Also, keep in mind that the great majority of 2D renderers *and displays* available use a X-right + Y-*down* system, mainly due to western writing systems being oriented that way.
 
-The global coordinate system that is the entire scene. This is where almost all the (gameplay-related) math will occur.
+## Terminology
 
-Depending on the software you are using, this can vary *wildly*...
+Now then, let's get to the various coordinate systems!
+
+The order in which they are listed is *kinda important*, so try to keep it in mind. ;)
 
-{% figure(caption="World-Space Coordinate Systems",author="Freya Holmér",license="[Copy embedded with permission.](https://twitter.com/FreyaHolmer/status/1530167901436649472)",class="full") %}/wiki/coordinate-systems/coordinate-systems.png{% end %}
+{% todo_notice() %} Add descriptive diagrams to all definitions. {% end %}
 
-### Chunk/Object/Local Space
+### Voxel/Sample Space
+<img src="/favicon-32x32.png" width=32 style='float:right'></img>
+The 'inner' coordinate system of an *individual voxel*.
 
-<img src="/favicon-32x32.png" width=32></img>
-The local coordinate system of an [individual chunk](/wiki/chunking) or object.
+### Object/Local/Chunk Space
+<img src="/favicon-32x32.png" width=32 style='float:right'></img>
+The local coordinate system of an individual object, such as an entity or a [chunk](/wiki/chunking).
+
+### World/Scene Space
+<img src="/favicon-32x32.png" width=32 style='float:right'></img>
+The global coordinate system that is the entire scene. This is where almost all the (gameplay-related) math will occur.
 
-### Voxel Space
+### View/Camera Space
+<img src="/favicon-32x32.png" width=32 style='float:right'></img>
+The view of a camera into world space.
 
-<img src="/favicon-32x32.png" width=32></img>
-The inner coordinate system of an *individual voxel*.
+### (Homogeneous) Clip Space
+<img src="/favicon-32x32.png" width=32 style='float:right'></img>
+The camera space with a perspective- or orthographic-projection applied,
+forming a prism/box called the *clip volume*.
 
-### NDC Space
+- This is the space that we output to in a vertex shader.
+  - i.e.: `gl_Position` is in clip-space.
+- Coordinates are defined to be homogenous here.
 
-<img src="/favicon-32x32.png" width=32></img>
-The global coordinate system, as seen by a camera with some projection applied.
+### Normalized Device Coordinate(s) Space
+<img src="/favicon-32x32.png" width=32 style='float:right'></img>
+The clip space after perspective coordinate division, if applicable.
 
-### View Space
+### Screen/Window/Framebuffer Space
+<img src="/favicon-32x32.png" width=32 style='float:right'></img>
+The space where whole-numbered coordinates correspond to pixels on a screen,
+falling into a range of either...
 
-<img src="/favicon-32x32.png" width=32></img>
-The global coordinate system, as seen by a camera, with *no* projection applied.
+1. `[(0,0), (WIDTH-1,HEIGHT-1)]`
+2. `[(1,1), (WIDTH,HEIGHT)]`
 
 ## References
 
 - [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordinate_system)
-- [Learn OpenGL](https://learnopengl.com/Getting-started/Coordinate-Systems)
-- [Freya Holmér's Cheat Sheet](https://twitter.com/FreyaHolmer/status/1325556229410861056)
+- [Learn OpenGL: Coordinate Systems](https://learnopengl.com/Getting-started/Coordinate-Systems)
+- [Freya Holmérs Cheat Sheet](https://twitter.com/FreyaHolmer/status/1325556229410861056)
 - [WebGPU Specification](https://gpuweb.github.io/gpuweb/#coordinate-systems)
+- [Setting Up a Proper Projection Matrix for Vulkan ](https://johannesugb.github.io/gpu-programming/setting-up-a-proper-vulkan-projection-matrix/)
+- [Homogeneous Coordinates, Clip Space, and NDC | WebGPU](https://carmencincotti.com/2022-05-02/homogeneous-coordinates-clip-space-ndc/)
+- [Why is clip space always referred to as "homogeneous clip space"?](https://gamedev.stackexchange.com/questions/65789/why-is-clip-space-always-referred-to-as-homogeneous-clip-space)
+- [Explaining Homogeneous Coordinates & Projective Geometry](https://www.tomdalling.com/blog/modern-opengl/explaining-homogenous-coordinates-and-projective-geometry/)
+- [When does the transition from clip space to screen coordinates happen?](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21841598/when-does-the-transition-from-clip-space-to-screen-coordinates-happen/21841924#21841924)
+- [Scratchapixel: The Perspective and Orthographic Projection Matrix](https://www.scratchapixel.com/lessons/3d-basic-rendering/perspective-and-orthographic-projection-matrix/projection-matrix-GPU-rendering-pipeline-clipping.html)
+- [OpenGL Projection Matrix](http://www.songho.ca/opengl/gl_projectionmatrix.html)
+- [Lecture 05: Spatial Transformations (CMU 15-462/662)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QmFBHSJS0Gw&list=PL9_jI1bdZmz2emSh0UQ5iOdT2xRHFHL7E&index=7)
+- [WebGPU: Point Rasterization](https://www.w3.org/TR/webgpu/#point-rasterization)
+- [OpenGL `ARB_clip_control`](https://registry.khronos.org/OpenGL/extensions/ARB/ARB_clip_control.txt)