Update header levels and immediate spacing nearby

The spacing is throwing off formatting and the
header levels affects content outlines.

Author: atc0005

manuscript/0.0installation.md

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 # Installation
+
 If you know about installation or have installed Go, you can skip to [Tools](0.1tools.md). 
 
 This chapter is taken from [install page](https://golang.org/doc/install) verbatim, except for the changes to be made to adapt to this book's styling format.
 
-
 ## System requirements
 
 Go binary distributions are available for these supported operating systems and architectures. Please ensure your system meets these requirements before proceeding. If your OS or architecture is not on the list, you may be able to install from source or use gccgo instead
@@ -21,10 +21,8 @@ Go binary distributions are available for these supported operating systems and
 ‡You only need to install the command line tools for Xcode. If you have already installed Xcode 4.3+, you can
 install it from the Components tab of the Downloads preferences panel.
 
-
 ## Install the Go tools
 
-
 If you are upgrading from an older version of Go you must first remove the existing version.
 Linux, Mac OS X, and FreeBSD tarballs
 
@@ -40,7 +38,6 @@ Add` /usr/local/go/bin` to the PATH environment variable. You can do this by add
 
 `export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin`
 
-
 ### Installing to a custom location
 
 The Go binary distributions assume they will be installed in `/usr/local/go` (or `c:\Go` under Windows), but it is possible to install the Go tools to a different location. In this case you must set the GOROOT environment variable to point to the directory in which it was installed.
@@ -69,7 +66,6 @@ Open the MSI file and follow the prompts to install the Go tools. By default, th
 
 The installer should put the `c:\Go\bin` directory in your PATH environment variable. You may need to restart any open command prompts for the change to take effect.
 
-
 #### Zip archive
 
 Download the zip file and extract it into the directory of your choice (we suggest c:\Go).
@@ -115,20 +111,20 @@ If you see the "hello, world" message then your Go installation is working.
 
 Before rushing off to write Go code please read the How to Write Go Code document, which describes some essential concepts about using the Go tools.
 
-### Uninstalling Go
+## Uninstalling Go
 
 To remove an existing Go installation from your system delete the go directory. This is usually `/usr/local/go` under Linux, Mac OS X, and FreeBSD or `c:\Go` under Windows.
 
 You should also remove the Go bin directory from your PATH environment variable. Under Linux and FreeBSD you should edit `/etc/profile` or `$HOME/.profile`. If you installed Go with the Mac OS X package then you should remove the `/etc/paths.d/go` file. Windows users should read the section about setting environment variables under Windows.
 
-### Getting help
+## Getting help
 
 For real-time help, ask the helpful gophers in `#go-nuts` on the Freenode IRC server.
 
 The official mailing list for discussion of the Go language is Go Nuts.
 
 Report bugs using the Go issue tracker. 
 
-##### Links
+## Links
 
 -[Next section](0.1tools.md)

manuscript/0.1tools.md

@@ -64,18 +64,17 @@ We can build our application using `go build`. It parses all the `.go` files exc
 
 Example: `go build -o tasks` 
 
-###### Build time
+#### Build time
 
 By default, `go build` builds the entire application and the depending libraries, into a static binary and later throws all away. This results in rebuilding everything every single time `go build` is executed. For caching the library builds, use `go install` first and `go build` later.
 
-###### Cross compilation
+#### Cross compilation
 
 Go allows cross compilation. We have to pass the OS name as linux/darwin/windows as GOOS as shown in the below commands.
 
 	env GOOS=darwin GOARCH=386 go build -o tasks.app
 	env GOOS=windows GOARCH=386 go build -o tasks.exe
 
-
 ### go install
 
 Creates a statically linked binary and places it in `$GOPATH/bin`.
@@ -91,17 +90,17 @@ In Linux/Unix, this is done using: `export PATH=$PATH:$GOPATH/bin`. This line ne
 
 The profile files are present in the home folder. Do a `cd ~` and check for either of the files mentioned above.
 
-#### go run
+### go run
 
 go run combines building and running the application in one command.
 
 It generates a binary in the temp folder and executes it. The binary file isn't retained after the run.
 
-#### go get
+### go get
 
 This is the package manager in Go. It internally clones the version control repository parameter passed to it, can be any local/remote git repository. It then runs `go install` on the library, making the library available in `$GOPATH/pkg`. If the repository doesn't have any buildable files then go get might complain, but that happens after the repository is cloned.
 
-#### go clean
+### go clean
 
 This command is for cleaning files that are generated by compilers, including the following files:
 
@@ -116,7 +115,7 @@ This command is for cleaning files that are generated by compilers, including th
 	DIR.test(.exe)   // generated by go test -c
 	MAINFILE(.exe)   // generated by go build MAINFILE.go
 
-#### Other commands
+### Other commands
 
 Go provides more commands than those we've just talked about.
 
@@ -127,7 +126,7 @@ Go provides more commands than those we've just talked about.
 
 For details about specific commands, `go help <command>`.
 
-##### Links
+### Links
 
 -[Previous section](0.0installation.md)
 -[Next section](02.1IntroductionGo.md)

manuscript/02.1IntroductionGo.md

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ A list of features:
 
 Let's start with the customary Hello World.
 
-#### First Program
+### First Program
 
 ```golang
 package main
@@ -58,12 +58,14 @@ It prints following information.
 
 	Hello, world or καλημ ρα κóσμ
 
-#### Explanation
+### Explanation
+
 We import the format package, `fmt` for short. Write the main function of the main package and run the code. We can access only the `Exported` objects of any library in Go. Exported means that the names should start with a capital letter. The compiler  will find the `main` function of the `main` package whenever we build or execute any Go code. 
 
 We printed non ASCII characters. Go supports UTF-8 by default. 
 
-#### The main package
+### The main package
+
 It is mandatory for each Go program to be a part of a package. The package can be main or not. 
 
 Every package except main should be a distinct folder on the `$GOPATH`. Main is a special package for which having a folder on `$GOPATH` is optional.
@@ -100,7 +102,7 @@ Here, we are in the Tasks/main directory, the binary will expect all the other f
 
 There can be only _one_ main package & function per executable program. The main function takes no arguments passed and returns nothing.
 
-##### Links
+## Links
 
 -[Previous section](0.1tools.md)
 -[Next section](02.2VariablesDataStruct.md)

manuscript/02.3CntrlStmtFunctions.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Control statements and Functions
 
-## Control statement
+## Control statements
 
 ### if
 
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ In a function call, if two or more arguments have the same data type, then we ca
 
 `func max(a,b int, c,d string)`: this means we have four arguments, a,b: integers and c,d: string.
 
-#### Multi-value return
+### Multi-value return
 
 ```golang
 package main
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ func SumAndProduct(A, B int) (add int, multiplied int) {
 // returns them
 ```
 
-#### Variadic arguments to functions
+### Variadic arguments to functions
 
 In many cases, we do not know how many arguements can be passed, in such cases, we use variadic arguments.
 
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ for _, n := range arg {
 	fmt.Printf("And the number is: %d\n", n)
 }
 
-#### Pass by value and pointers
+### Pass by value and pointers
 
 Argument are passed by value to the functions, the argument change inside the function doesn't affect the arguments used to call the function.
 
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ Advantages of pointers:
 - Low cost by passing memory addresses (8 bytes), copy is not an efficient way, both in terms of time and space, to pass variables.
 - `string`, `slice` and `map` are reference types, so they use pointers when passing to functions by default. (Attention: If you need to change the length of `slice`, you have to pass pointers explicitly)
 
-#### defer
+### defer
 
 Defer postpones the execution of a function till the calling function has finished executing. You can have many `defer` statements in one function; they will execute in reverse order when the program reaches its end. In the case where the program opens some resource files, these files would have to be closed before the function can return with errors. Let's see some examples.
 
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
 }
 ```
 
-#### Functions as values and types
+### Functions as values and types
 
 Functions are also variables in Go, we can use `type` to define them. Functions that have the same signature can be seen as the same type.
 
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ func main(){
 
 It's very useful when we use interfaces. As you can see `testInt` is a variable that has a function as type and the returned values and arguments of `filter` are the same as those of `testInt`. Therefore, we can have complex logic in our programs, while maintaining flexibility in our code.
 
-#### Panic and Recover
+### Panic and Recover
 
 Go doesn't have `try-catch` structure like Java does. Instead of throwing exceptions, Go uses `panic` and `recover` to deal with errors. However, you shouldn't use `panic` very much, although it's powerful.
 
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ func throwsPanic(f func()) (b bool) {
 }
 ```
 
-#### main and init functions
+### main and init functions
 
 Go has two retentions which are called `main` and `init`, where `init` can be used in all packages and `main` can only be used in the `main` package. These two functions are not able to have arguments or return values. Even though we can write many `init` functions in one package, I strongly recommend writing only one `init` function for each package.
 
@@ -509,7 +509,7 @@ Programs initialize and begin execution from the `main` package. If the `main` p
 
 ![Flow of programs initialization](images/2.3.init.png)
 
-#### import
+### import
 
 `import` is very often used in Go programs.
 
@@ -569,7 +569,7 @@ import (
 
 The `_` operator actually means we just want to import that package and execute its `init` function, and we are not sure if want to use the functions belonging to that package.
 
-##### Links
+### Links
 
 -[Previous section](02.2VariablesDataStruct.md)
 -[Next section](02.4Struct.md)

manuscript/02.4Struct.md

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ There are a lot of attributes of Product, its name, the ID used internally, the
 - `isAvailable` is a `bool` which is true if the item is in stock, false otherwise.
 - `inventoryLeft` is an `int` of the number of products left in stock.
 
-#### Initializing
+### Initializing
 
 ```golang
 // define goBook as a Product type
@@ -97,8 +97,8 @@ func main() {
 
 }
 ```
-	
-#### embedded fields in struct
+
+### Embedded fields in struct
 
 In the earlier chapter, we saw how to define a struct with field names and type. Embedded fields can be thought of as subclass and superclass in Object oriented programming.
 
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ func main() {
 }
 ```
 
-##### Links
+## Links
 
 -[Previous section](02.3CntrlStmtFunctions.md)
 -[Next section](02.5ObjectOriented.md)

manuscript/02.5ObjectOriented.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 Object oriented languages allow programmers to declare a function inside the class definition. Go doesn't allow us to do that, we have to declare a method on a struct via a special syntax.
 
-## methods
+## Methods
 
 We defined a "rectangle" struct and we want to calculate its area. Normally, we would create a function, pass the struct's instance and calculate the area.
 
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ One thing that's worth noting is that the method with a dotted line means the re
 
 Any type can be the receiver of a method.
 
-###### Custom data types
+## Custom data types
 
 Use the following format to define a custom type.
 
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ Then we defined some methods for our customized types.
 
 Is it much clearer when we use words to describe our requirements? We often write our requirements before we start coding.
 
-#### Use pointer as receiver
+## Use pointer as receiver
 
 Let's take a look at `SetColor` method. Its receiver is a pointer of Box. Yes, you can use `*Box` as a receiver. Why do we use a pointer here? Because we want to change Box's color in this method. Thus, if we don't use a pointer, it will only change the value inside a copy of Box.
 
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ You might be asking why we aren't using `(*b).Color=c` instead of `b.Color=c` in
 
 You may also be asking whether we should use `(&bl[i]).SetColor(BLACK)` in `PaintItBlack` because we pass a pointer to `SetColor`. Again, either one is OK because Go knows how to interpret it!
 
-#### Inheritance of method
+## Inheritance of method
 
 We learned about inheritance of fields in the last section. Similarly, we also have method inheritance in Go. If an anonymous field has methods, then the struct that contains the field will have all the methods from it as well. 
 
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ func main() {
 }
 ```
 
-#### Method overload
+## Method overload
 
 If we want Employee to have its own method `SayHi`, we can define a method that has the same name in Employee, and it will hide `SayHi` in Human when we call it.
 
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ func main() {
 
 Methods use rule of capital letter to decide whether public or private as well.
 
-##### Links
+## Links
 
 -[Previous section](02.4Struct.md)
 -[Next section](02.6Interface.md)