Assignment_1

Strings and vectors

The goal of this assignment is manipulate strings and vectors in C++. The goal of the assignment is to read a text, splits the text into words and outputs a justified representation of the input text. Your program will justify the text with spacing only, and no hyphenation will be added.

Preparing the Environment

Follow instructions the generale rules to setup what you need for the assignment

Typesetting

Typesetting is the process of formatting a typed document for printing or publication. When typesetting a page-based document the text is often rendered in a justified format, where the words on each line in a paragraph are spaced out to perfectly fill the line of text. One tecnique to acieve this, is to slightly vary the space between words to facilitate the justified alignment. Note: Typesetting software will normally use hyphenation to split large words across multiple lines to ensure more balanced spacing. The usual alternative is left-aligned text results in a "ragged" appearance. The difference is especially noticeable when text is typeset in a narrow column-based format

Overview

Your program program will reads words from standard input (the std::cin stream) and produces a justified representation for length 30 of to standard output (the std::cout stream).

Exercise 1, Input (10pt)

The input text must be acquired with the std::cin and consist of a series of words, arranged arbitrarily: there may be inconsistent spacing between words, there may be any number of words per line and any number of lines. For the purposes of this assignment, a word is any sequence of one or more non-whitespace characters. The program must continue reading words until std::cin will no longer read input (that is, until the end of the input stream is reached). Do not use any other method to detect the end of the input. You can signal the end of the input stream by pressing Ctrl-D (Ctrl-Z then enter on Windows) at the beginning of a line.

Exercise 2, Storing (20pt)

After all of the input words are read, I suggest storing every justified line in a std::vector. Here is a suggestion on how to implement such algorithm. You can use a different strategy as long as it produces the correct output. Note that justification should not be applied to the last line of output text produced by your program.

Create a vector of strings L to store the current line.

For each word w in the input text:

• Test whether w can fit into the current line: (number of words in L) + (total length of all words in L) + (length of w) ≤ 30
  • �If w fits into the current line, add w to L.
  • Otherwise:
    • Output the justified line L, Exercise 3
    • Delete all elements of L
    • If the length of w is greater than 30 characters utput w followed by a newline.
    • Otherwise w to L

Once all words are processed if L is non-empty, for each word w in L output w followed by a single space.

Exercise 3, Justification (25pt)

Given a vector of strings containing the words for a single justified line of text, your program must use the algorithm below to compute the justified representation of the line.

1. Compute the total number of spaces needed: Spaces needed: 30 − (total number of characters in all words in the line)
2. For each word w in the line:
   • Print w
   • If w is the last word in the line, print a newline character and stop processing this line.
   • If w is not the last word in the line, compute the following value s using integer division: s = (number of spaces remaining) / (number of words remaining after w)
   • Print out exactly s spaces.
   • Subtract s from the number of spaces remaining to be printed.

Example

Suppose the line consists of the following five words.

This text will be justified

These five words together comprise 23 characters, so to produce a justified line of text containing 30 characters, exactly 30 − 23 = 7 spaces must be used. Therefore the text becomes (␣ marks a space)

This␣text␣␣will␣␣be␣␣justified

Examples

The Handmaid's Tale by Margaret Atwood

Input

We slept in what had once been the gymnasium.
The floor was of varnished wood,
with stripes and circles painted on it,
for the games that were formerly played there;
the hoops for the basketball nets were still in place,
though the nets were gone.

Output

We slept in what had once been
the gymnasium. The  floor  was
of   varnished   wood,    with
stripes and circles painted on
it, for the  games  that  were
formerly  played  there;   the
hoops for the basketball  nets
were still  in  place,  though
the nets were gone.

soliloquy from Macbeth

Input

Tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow,
Creeps in this petty pace from day to day,
To the last syllable of recorded time;
And all our yesterdays have lighted fools
The way to dusty death. Out, out, brief candle!
Life's but a walking shadow, a poor player
That struts and frets his hour upon the stage
And then is heard no more. It is a tale
Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury
Signifying nothing.

Output

Tomorrow,  and  tomorrow,  and
tomorrow, Creeps in this petty
pace from day to day,  To  the
last  syllable   of   recorded
time; And all  our  yesterdays
have lighted fools The way  to
dusty death. Out,  out,  brief
candle! Life's but  a  walking
shadow,  a  poor  player  That
struts and frets his hour upon
the stage And then is heard no
more. It is a tale Told by  an
idiot, full of sound and  fury
Signifying nothing.

Special case of overly-long words

Input

If you want      to       learn more about typesetting,
you can try the Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typesetting or    not.

Output

If  you  want  to  learn  more
about typesetting, you can try
the   Wikipedia   article   at
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typesetting
or not.

Instructions

• The goto statement is not permitted in any assignment submissions.
• Global variables are not permitted, except when explicitly allowed by the assignment.
• Every function with a non-void return type must return a value.
• Uninitialized variables may not be used before being assigned a value.
• Other than the justified text, no other output will be produced by the program.

The solution of the exercises must be provides as a cpp file.