diff --git a/01-rstudio-intro.html b/01-rstudio-intro.html
index 3ae5d355e..fa3aab850 100644
--- a/01-rstudio-intro.html
+++ b/01-rstudio-intro.html
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Introduction to R and RStudio</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/01-rstudio-intro.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -1110,7 +1110,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
     }
     else all.names
 }
-&lt;bytecode: 0x55695757ae10&gt;
+&lt;bytecode: 0x558f94af9d80&gt;
 &lt;environment: namespace:base&gt;</code></pre>
 </div>
 <p>What’s going on here?</p>
@@ -1460,8 +1460,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/01-rstudio-intro.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/01-rstudio-intro.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/02-project-intro.html b/02-project-intro.html
index 7ac328463..7deca905b 100644
--- a/02-project-intro.html
+++ b/02-project-intro.html
@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Project Management With RStudio</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/02-project-intro.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -628,7 +628,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>By running these commands in the shell:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb1">
@@ -639,7 +639,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">SH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><
 <div class="codewrapper">
 <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
 </h3>
-<pre class="output" tabindex="0"><code>-rw-r--r-- 1 runner docker 80K Sep 18 00:17 data/gapminder_data.csv</code></pre>
+<pre class="output" tabindex="0"><code>-rw-r--r-- 1 runner docker 80K Sep 21 23:51 data/gapminder_data.csv</code></pre>
 </div>
 <p>The file size is 80K.</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb3">
@@ -821,8 +821,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/02-project-intro.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/02-project-intro.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/03-seeking-help.html b/03-seeking-help.html
index fe3f5d787..2194b2ecc 100644
--- a/03-seeking-help.html
+++ b/03-seeking-help.html
@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Seeking Help</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/03-seeking-help.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -605,7 +605,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 
 loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
 [1] compiler_4.4.1  tools_4.4.1     yaml_2.3.10     knitr_1.48
-[5] xfun_0.46       renv_1.0.7      evaluate_0.24.0</code></pre>
+[5] xfun_0.47       renv_1.0.8      evaluate_0.24.0</code></pre>
 </div>
 <p>Will print out your current version of R, as well as any packages you
 have loaded. This can be useful for others to help reproduce and debug
@@ -637,7 +637,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>c()</code> function creates a vector, in which all elements
 are of the same type. In the first case, the elements are numeric, in
@@ -667,7 +667,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>To look at the help for the <code>paste()</code> function, use:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb11">
@@ -776,7 +776,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The standard R function for reading tab-delimited files with a period
 decimal separator is read.delim(). You can also do this with
@@ -862,8 +862,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/03-seeking-help.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/03-seeking-help.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/04-data-structures-part1.html b/04-data-structures-part1.html
index 9d2347c27..6a2c12247 100644
--- a/04-data-structures-part1.html
+++ b/04-data-structures-part1.html
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Data Structures</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/04-data-structures-part1.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -863,7 +863,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Discussion 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>By keeping everything in a column the same, we allow ourselves to
 make simple assumptions about our data; if you can interpret one entry
@@ -1089,7 +1089,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Tip 1.1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Show the content of any variable by typing its name.</p>
 <div class="section level3">
@@ -1122,7 +1122,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Tip 1.2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>In the chapter “Data types” we saw two functions that can show data
 types. One printed just a single word, the data type name. The other
@@ -1163,7 +1163,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4">
   Tip 1.3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Scroll up to the section about the <a href="#the-type-hierarchy">type
 hierarchy</a> to review the available data types</p>
@@ -1178,7 +1178,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5">
   Solution to Challenge 1.3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ul><li>Weight is expressed on a continuous scale (real numbers). The R data
 type for this is “double” (also known as “numeric”).</li>
@@ -1211,7 +1211,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6">
   Tip 1.4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Revisit the hierarchy of data types when two different data types are
 combined.</p>
@@ -1251,7 +1251,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7">
   Tip 1.5
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7">
+<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The functions to convert data types start with <code>as.</code>. You
 can look for the function further up in the manuscript or use the
@@ -1442,7 +1442,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8">
+<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb92">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -1666,7 +1666,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution9">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution9" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution9" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution9">
+<div id="collapseSolution9" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution9" aria-labelledby="headingSolution9">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>You get the names of an object by wrapping the object name inside
 <code>names(...)</code>. Similarly, you get the data type of the names
@@ -1710,7 +1710,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution10">
   Solution to Challenge 4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution10" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution10" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution10">
+<div id="collapseSolution10" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution10" aria-labelledby="headingSolution10">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <pre><code><span><span class="va">letter_no</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">26</span>   <span class="co"># or seq(1,26)</span></span>
 <span><span class="fu">names</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">letter_no</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="va">LETTERS</span></span>
@@ -1898,7 +1898,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution11">
   Solution to Challenge 5
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution11" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution11" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution11">
+<div id="collapseSolution11" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution11" aria-labelledby="headingSolution11">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb138">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -2158,7 +2158,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution12">
   Solution to Challenge 6
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution12" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution12" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution12">
+<div id="collapseSolution12" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution12" aria-labelledby="headingSolution12">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>What do you think will be the result of
 <code>length(matrix_example)</code>?</p>
@@ -2203,7 +2203,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution13">
   Solution to Challenge 7
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution13" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution13" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution13">
+<div id="collapseSolution13" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution13" aria-labelledby="headingSolution13">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Make another matrix, this time containing the numbers 1:50, with 5
 columns and 10 rows. Did the <code>matrix</code> function fill your
@@ -2244,7 +2244,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution14">
   Solution to Challenge 8
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution14" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution14" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution14">
+<div id="collapseSolution14" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution14" aria-labelledby="headingSolution14">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb173">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -2295,7 +2295,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution15">
   Solution to Challenge 9
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution15" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution15" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution15">
+<div id="collapseSolution15" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution15" aria-labelledby="headingSolution15">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Consider the R output of the matrix below:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper">
@@ -2393,8 +2393,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/04-data-structures-part1.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/04-data-structures-part1.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/05-data-structures-part2.html b/05-data-structures-part2.html
index 6756ef231..1231bc157 100644
--- a/05-data-structures-part2.html
+++ b/05-data-structures-part2.html
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Exploring Data Frames</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/05-data-structures-part2.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -704,7 +704,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb28">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -986,7 +986,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>To check the last few lines it’s relatively simple as R already has a
 function for this:</p>
@@ -1046,7 +1046,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>source</code> function can be used to use a script within a
 script. Assume you would like to load the same type of file over and
@@ -1098,7 +1098,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4">
   Solution to Challenge 4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The object <code>gapminder</code> is a data frame with columns</p>
 <ul><li>
@@ -1191,8 +1191,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/05-data-structures-part2.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/05-data-structures-part2.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/06-data-subsetting.html b/06-data-subsetting.html
index 234e2f08a..ace4726d3 100644
--- a/06-data-subsetting.html
+++ b/06-data-subsetting.html
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Subsetting Data</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/06-data-subsetting.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -1980,8 +1980,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/06-data-subsetting.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/06-data-subsetting.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/07-control-flow.html b/07-control-flow.html
index 1c287c6f0..2cb510102 100644
--- a/07-control-flow.html
+++ b/07-control-flow.html
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Control Flow</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/07-control-flow.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -568,7 +568,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We will first see a solution to Challenge 1 which does not use the
 <code>any()</code> function. We first obtain a logical vector describing
@@ -909,7 +909,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We can check whether the two vectors are identical using the
 <code>all()</code> function:</p>
@@ -994,7 +994,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p><strong>Step 1</strong>: We want to make sure we can extract all the
 unique values of the continent vector</p>
@@ -1074,7 +1074,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4">
   Solution to Challenge 4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We modify our solution to Challenge 3 by now adding two thresholds,
 <code>lowerThreshold</code> and <code>upperThreshold</code> and
@@ -1124,7 +1124,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5">
   Solution for Challenge 5
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We will use the <code>grep()</code> command that was introduced in
 the <a href="https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/07-find.html" class="external-link">Unix
@@ -1252,8 +1252,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/07-control-flow.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/07-control-flow.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/08-plot-ggplot2.html b/08-plot-ggplot2.html
index a93536bae..6b5c08fae 100644
--- a/08-plot-ggplot2.html
+++ b/08-plot-ggplot2.html
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Creating Publication-Quality Graphics with ggplot2</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/08-plot-ggplot2.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Here is one possible solution:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb5">
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The solution presented below adds <code>color=continent</code> to the
 call of the <code>aes</code> function. The general trend seems to
@@ -691,7 +691,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The lines now get drawn over the points!</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb11">
@@ -813,7 +813,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4">
   Solution to challenge 4a
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Here a possible solution: Notice that the <code>color</code> argument
 is supplied outside of the <code>aes()</code> function. This means that
@@ -856,7 +856,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5">
   Solution to challenge 4b
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Here is a possible solution: Notice that supplying the
 <code>color</code> argument inside the <code>aes()</code> functions
@@ -1005,7 +1005,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6">
   Solution to Challenge 5
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Here a possible solution: <code>xlab()</code> and <code>ylab()</code>
 set labels for the x and y axes, respectively The axis title, text and
@@ -1097,8 +1097,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/08-plot-ggplot2.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/08-plot-ggplot2.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/09-vectorization.html b/09-vectorization.html
index e655c5925..e5e51a06f 100644
--- a/09-vectorization.html
+++ b/09-vectorization.html
@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Vectorization</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/09-vectorization.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -1024,8 +1024,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/09-vectorization.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/09-vectorization.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/10-functions.html b/10-functions.html
index 5fdb5f3a3..d8941b808 100644
--- a/10-functions.html
+++ b/10-functions.html
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Functions Explained</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/10-functions.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -1220,8 +1220,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/10-functions.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/10-functions.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/11-writing-data.html b/11-writing-data.html
index a441f63b9..730028abe 100644
--- a/11-writing-data.html
+++ b/11-writing-data.html
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Writing Data</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/11-writing-data.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -697,8 +697,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/11-writing-data.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/11-writing-data.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/12-dplyr.html b/12-dplyr.html
index 57f11fdd0..3a05a5b7a 100644
--- a/12-dplyr.html
+++ b/12-dplyr.html
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Data Frame Manipulation with dplyr</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/12-dplyr.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -1169,6 +1169,9 @@ <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i
 <li>
 <a href="https://www.rstudio.com/resources/webinars/data-wrangling-with-r-and-rstudio/" class="external-link">Data
 wrangling with R and RStudio</a> (online video)</li>
+<li>
+<a href="https://jhudatascience.org/tidyversecourse/" class="external-link">Tidyverse
+Skills for Data Science</a> (online book)</li>
 </ul><div id="keypoints1" class="callout keypoints">
 <div class="callout-square">
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
@@ -1244,8 +1247,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/12-dplyr.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/12-dplyr.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/13-tidyr.html b/13-tidyr.html
index 1fb9d5050..fbb7ceee8 100644
--- a/13-tidyr.html
+++ b/13-tidyr.html
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Data Frame Manipulation with tidyr</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/13-tidyr.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -512,7 +512,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The original gapminder data.frame is in an intermediate format. It is
 not purely long since it had multiple observation variables
@@ -704,7 +704,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb12">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -1000,7 +1000,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb37">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -1171,8 +1171,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/13-tidyr.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/13-tidyr.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/14-knitr-markdown.html b/14-knitr-markdown.html
index 052cbebc6..882461bbe 100644
--- a/14-knitr-markdown.html
+++ b/14-knitr-markdown.html
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Producing Reports With knitr</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/14-knitr-markdown.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -584,7 +584,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>In RStudio, select File &gt; New file &gt; R Markdown…</p>
 <p>Delete the placeholder text and add the following:</p>
@@ -660,7 +660,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <pre>
 ```{r load-ggplot2}
@@ -745,7 +745,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <pre>
 ```{r echo = FALSE, fig.width = 3}
@@ -793,7 +793,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4">
   Solution to Challenge 4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Here’s some inline code to determine that 2 + 2 = <code>4</code>.</p>
 </div>
@@ -935,8 +935,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/14-knitr-markdown.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/14-knitr-markdown.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/15-wrap-up.html b/15-wrap-up.html
index c964c7955..40159b2ec 100644
--- a/15-wrap-up.html
+++ b/15-wrap-up.html
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Writing Good Software</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/15-wrap-up.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -591,8 +591,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/15-wrap-up.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/15-wrap-up.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/404.html b/404.html
index 030030554..bb47a6861 100644
--- a/404.html
+++ b/404.html
@@ -463,8 +463,8 @@ <h1>Page not found</h1>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/404.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/404.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html b/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html
index a1e1ad88d..10cd0d4ea 100644
--- a/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html
+++ b/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Contributor Code of Conduct</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -465,8 +465,8 @@ <h1>Contributor Code of Conduct</h1>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/LICENSE.html b/LICENSE.html
index aaa1a5d8c..a5702ae6e 100644
--- a/LICENSE.html
+++ b/LICENSE.html
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Licenses</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/LICENSE.md" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -513,8 +513,8 @@ <h1>Licenses</h1>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/LICENSE.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/LICENSE.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/aio.html b/aio.html
index f100610c6..ac5f4f464 100644
--- a/aio.html
+++ b/aio.html
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
         
 <section id="aio-01-rstudio-intro"><p>Content from <a href="01-rstudio-intro.html">Introduction to R and RStudio</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/01-rstudio-intro.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <div class="text-end">
@@ -1208,7 +1208,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
     }
     else all.names
 }
-&lt;bytecode: 0x55695757ae10&gt;
+&lt;bytecode: 0x558f94af9d80&gt;
 &lt;environment: namespace:base&gt;</code></pre>
 </div>
 <p>What’s going on here?</p>
@@ -1508,7 +1508,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-02-project-intro"><p>Content from <a href="02-project-intro.html">Project Management With RStudio</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/02-project-intro.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <div class="text-end">
@@ -1759,7 +1759,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>By running these commands in the shell:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb1">
@@ -1770,7 +1770,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">SH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><
 <div class="codewrapper">
 <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
 </h3>
-<pre class="output" tabindex="0"><code>-rw-r--r-- 1 runner docker 80K Sep 18 00:17 data/gapminder_data.csv</code></pre>
+<pre class="output" tabindex="0"><code>-rw-r--r-- 1 runner docker 80K Sep 21 23:51 data/gapminder_data.csv</code></pre>
 </div>
 <p>The file size is 80K.</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb3">
@@ -1904,7 +1904,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-03-seeking-help"><p>Content from <a href="03-seeking-help.html">Seeking Help</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/03-seeking-help.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <div class="text-end">
@@ -2118,7 +2118,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 
 loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
 [1] compiler_4.4.1  tools_4.4.1     yaml_2.3.10     knitr_1.48
-[5] xfun_0.46       renv_1.0.7      evaluate_0.24.0</code></pre>
+[5] xfun_0.47       renv_1.0.8      evaluate_0.24.0</code></pre>
 </div>
 <p>Will print out your current version of R, as well as any packages you
 have loaded. This can be useful for others to help reproduce and debug
@@ -2150,7 +2150,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>c()</code> function creates a vector, in which all elements
 are of the same type. In the first case, the elements are numeric, in
@@ -2180,7 +2180,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>To look at the help for the <code>paste()</code> function, use:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb11">
@@ -2289,7 +2289,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The standard R function for reading tab-delimited files with a period
 decimal separator is read.delim(). You can also do this with
@@ -2325,7 +2325,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-04-data-structures-part1"><p>Content from <a href="04-data-structures-part1.html">Data Structures</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/04-data-structures-part1.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <div class="text-end">
@@ -2792,7 +2792,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Discussion 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>By keeping everything in a column the same, we allow ourselves to
 make simple assumptions about our data; if you can interpret one entry
@@ -3023,7 +3023,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Tip 1.1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Show the content of any variable by typing its name.</p>
 <div class="section level3">
@@ -3057,7 +3057,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Tip 1.2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>In the chapter “Data types” we saw two functions that can show data
 types. One printed just a single word, the data type name. The other
@@ -3101,7 +3101,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4">
   Tip 1.3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Scroll up to the section about the <a href="#the-type-hierarchy">type
 hierarchy</a> to review the available data types</p>
@@ -3116,7 +3116,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5">
   Solution to Challenge 1.3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ul>
 <li>Weight is expressed on a continuous scale (real numbers). The R data
@@ -3151,7 +3151,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6">
   Tip 1.4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Revisit the hierarchy of data types when two different data types are
 combined.</p>
@@ -3192,7 +3192,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7">
   Tip 1.5
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7">
+<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The functions to convert data types start with <code>as.</code>. You
 can look for the function further up in the manuscript or use the
@@ -3384,7 +3384,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8">
+<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb92">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -3615,7 +3615,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution9">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution9" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution9" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution9">
+<div id="collapseSolution9" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution9" aria-labelledby="headingSolution9">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>You get the names of an object by wrapping the object name inside
 <code>names(...)</code>. Similarly, you get the data type of the names
@@ -3661,7 +3661,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution10">
   Solution to Challenge 4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution10" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution10" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution10">
+<div id="collapseSolution10" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution10" aria-labelledby="headingSolution10">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <pre><code><span><span class="va">letter_no</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">26</span>   <span class="co"># or seq(1,26)</span></span>
 <span><span class="fu">names</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">letter_no</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="va">LETTERS</span></span>
@@ -3853,7 +3853,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution11">
   Solution to Challenge 5
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution11" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution11" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution11">
+<div id="collapseSolution11" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution11" aria-labelledby="headingSolution11">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb138">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -4114,7 +4114,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution12">
   Solution to Challenge 6
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution12" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution12" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution12">
+<div id="collapseSolution12" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution12" aria-labelledby="headingSolution12">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>What do you think will be the result of
 <code>length(matrix_example)</code>?</p>
@@ -4159,7 +4159,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution13">
   Solution to Challenge 7
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution13" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution13" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution13">
+<div id="collapseSolution13" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution13" aria-labelledby="headingSolution13">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Make another matrix, this time containing the numbers 1:50, with 5
 columns and 10 rows. Did the <code>matrix</code> function fill your
@@ -4202,7 +4202,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution14">
   Solution to Challenge 8
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution14" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution14" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution14">
+<div id="collapseSolution14" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution14" aria-labelledby="headingSolution14">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb173">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -4255,7 +4255,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution15">
   Solution to Challenge 9
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution15" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution15" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution15">
+<div id="collapseSolution15" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution15" aria-labelledby="headingSolution15">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Consider the R output of the matrix below:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper">
@@ -4299,7 +4299,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-05-data-structures-part2"><p>Content from <a href="05-data-structures-part2.html">Exploring Data Frames</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/05-data-structures-part2.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <div class="text-end">
@@ -4610,7 +4610,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb28">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -4900,7 +4900,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>To check the last few lines it’s relatively simple as R already has a
 function for this:</p>
@@ -4961,7 +4961,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>source</code> function can be used to use a script within a
 script. Assume you would like to load the same type of file over and
@@ -5013,7 +5013,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4">
   Solution to Challenge 4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The object <code>gapminder</code> is a data frame with columns</p>
 <ul>
@@ -5054,7 +5054,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-06-data-subsetting"><p>Content from <a href="06-data-subsetting.html">Subsetting Data</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/06-data-subsetting.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <div class="text-end">
@@ -6628,7 +6628,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-07-control-flow"><p>Content from <a href="07-control-flow.html">Control Flow</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/07-control-flow.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <div class="text-end">
@@ -6797,7 +6797,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We will first see a solution to Challenge 1 which does not use the
 <code>any()</code> function. We first obtain a logical vector describing
@@ -7140,7 +7140,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We can check whether the two vectors are identical using the
 <code>all()</code> function:</p>
@@ -7225,7 +7225,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p><strong>Step 1</strong>: We want to make sure we can extract all the
 unique values of the continent vector</p>
@@ -7307,7 +7307,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4">
   Solution to Challenge 4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We modify our solution to Challenge 3 by now adding two thresholds,
 <code>lowerThreshold</code> and <code>upperThreshold</code> and
@@ -7357,7 +7357,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5">
   Solution for Challenge 5
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We will use the <code>grep()</code> command that was introduced in
 the <a href="https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/07-find.html" class="external-link">Unix
@@ -7431,7 +7431,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-08-plot-ggplot2"><p>Content from <a href="08-plot-ggplot2.html">Creating Publication-Quality Graphics with ggplot2</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/08-plot-ggplot2.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <div class="text-end">
@@ -7573,7 +7573,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Here is one possible solution:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb5">
@@ -7614,7 +7614,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The solution presented below adds <code>color=continent</code> to the
 call of the <code>aes</code> function. The general trend seems to
@@ -7725,7 +7725,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The lines now get drawn over the points!</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb11">
@@ -7850,7 +7850,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4">
   Solution to challenge 4a
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Here a possible solution: Notice that the <code>color</code> argument
 is supplied outside of the <code>aes()</code> function. This means that
@@ -7894,7 +7894,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5">
   Solution to challenge 4b
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Here is a possible solution: Notice that supplying the
 <code>color</code> argument inside the <code>aes()</code> functions
@@ -8052,7 +8052,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6">
   Solution to Challenge 5
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Here a possible solution: <code>xlab()</code> and <code>ylab()</code>
 set labels for the x and y axes, respectively The axis title, text and
@@ -8091,7 +8091,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-09-vectorization"><p>Content from <a href="09-vectorization.html">Vectorization</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/09-vectorization.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <div class="text-end">
@@ -8674,7 +8674,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </div></section><section id="aio-10-functions"><p>Content from <a href="10-functions.html">Functions Explained</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/10-functions.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <div class="text-end">
@@ -9453,7 +9453,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-11-writing-data"><p>Content from <a href="11-writing-data.html">Writing Data</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/11-writing-data.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <div class="text-end">
@@ -9700,7 +9700,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-12-dplyr"><p>Content from <a href="12-dplyr.html">Data Frame Manipulation with dplyr</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/12-dplyr.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <div class="text-end">
@@ -10484,6 +10484,9 @@ <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i
 <li>
 <a href="https://www.rstudio.com/resources/webinars/data-wrangling-with-r-and-rstudio/" class="external-link">Data
 wrangling with R and RStudio</a> (online video)</li>
+<li>
+<a href="https://jhudatascience.org/tidyversecourse/" class="external-link">Tidyverse
+Skills for Data Science</a> (online book)</li>
 </ul>
 <div id="keypoints1" class="callout keypoints">
 <div class="callout-square">
@@ -10506,7 +10509,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-13-tidyr"><p>Content from <a href="13-tidyr.html">Data Frame Manipulation with tidyr</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/13-tidyr.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <div class="text-end">
@@ -10620,7 +10623,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The original gapminder data.frame is in an intermediate format. It is
 not purely long since it had multiple observation variables
@@ -10814,7 +10817,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb12">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -11112,7 +11115,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb37">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -11233,7 +11236,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-14-knitr-markdown"><p>Content from <a href="14-knitr-markdown.html">Producing Reports With knitr</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/14-knitr-markdown.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <div class="text-end">
@@ -11421,7 +11424,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>In RStudio, select File &gt; New file &gt; R Markdown…</p>
 <p>Delete the placeholder text and add the following:</p>
@@ -11503,7 +11506,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <pre>
 ```{r load-ggplot2}
@@ -11594,7 +11597,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <pre>
 ```{r echo = FALSE, fig.width = 3}
@@ -11644,7 +11647,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4">
   Solution to Challenge 4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Here’s some inline code to determine that 2 + 2 = <code>4</code>.</p>
 </div>
@@ -11738,7 +11741,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-15-wrap-up"><p>Content from <a href="15-wrap-up.html">Writing Good Software</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/15-wrap-up.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <div class="text-end">
@@ -11933,8 +11936,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
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   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/aio.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/discuss.html b/discuss.html
index 7df9e492a..3bd4805f5 100644
--- a/discuss.html
+++ b/discuss.html
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Discussion</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/learners/discuss.md" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -459,8 +459,8 @@ <h1>Discussion</h1>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/discuss.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/discuss.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/images.html b/images.html
index 376af322d..4247cc0c7 100644
--- a/images.html
+++ b/images.html
@@ -654,8 +654,8 @@ <h3 id="14-knitr-markdown-figure-3">Figure 3</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/images.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/images.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/index.html b/index.html
index d3470a35d..f68f48aa0 100644
--- a/index.html
+++ b/index.html
@@ -478,8 +478,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Prerequisites</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/index.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/index.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor-notes.html b/instructor-notes.html
index dfdb89118..95285467c 100644
--- a/instructor-notes.html
+++ b/instructor-notes.html
@@ -661,8 +661,8 @@ <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor-notes.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor-notes.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/01-rstudio-intro.html b/instructor/01-rstudio-intro.html
index 177d66f5b..d0041002b 100644
--- a/instructor/01-rstudio-intro.html
+++ b/instructor/01-rstudio-intro.html
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Introduction to R and RStudio</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/01-rstudio-intro.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -1112,7 +1112,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
     }
     else all.names
 }
-&lt;bytecode: 0x55695757ae10&gt;
+&lt;bytecode: 0x558f94af9d80&gt;
 &lt;environment: namespace:base&gt;</code></pre>
 </div>
 <p>What’s going on here?</p>
@@ -1483,8 +1483,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/01-rstudio-intro.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/01-rstudio-intro.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/02-project-intro.html b/instructor/02-project-intro.html
index a044c53fa..11c5c98ce 100644
--- a/instructor/02-project-intro.html
+++ b/instructor/02-project-intro.html
@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Project Management With RStudio</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/02-project-intro.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -630,7 +630,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>By running these commands in the shell:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb1">
@@ -641,7 +641,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">SH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><
 <div class="codewrapper">
 <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
 </h3>
-<pre class="output" tabindex="0"><code>-rw-r--r-- 1 runner docker 80K Sep 18 00:17 data/gapminder_data.csv</code></pre>
+<pre class="output" tabindex="0"><code>-rw-r--r-- 1 runner docker 80K Sep 21 23:51 data/gapminder_data.csv</code></pre>
 </div>
 <p>The file size is 80K.</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb3">
@@ -823,8 +823,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/02-project-intro.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/02-project-intro.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/03-seeking-help.html b/instructor/03-seeking-help.html
index da48c2127..627eae4f0 100644
--- a/instructor/03-seeking-help.html
+++ b/instructor/03-seeking-help.html
@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Seeking Help</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/03-seeking-help.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -607,7 +607,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 
 loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
 [1] compiler_4.4.1  tools_4.4.1     yaml_2.3.10     knitr_1.48
-[5] xfun_0.46       renv_1.0.7      evaluate_0.24.0</code></pre>
+[5] xfun_0.47       renv_1.0.8      evaluate_0.24.0</code></pre>
 </div>
 <p>Will print out your current version of R, as well as any packages you
 have loaded. This can be useful for others to help reproduce and debug
@@ -639,7 +639,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>c()</code> function creates a vector, in which all elements
 are of the same type. In the first case, the elements are numeric, in
@@ -669,7 +669,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>To look at the help for the <code>paste()</code> function, use:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb11">
@@ -778,7 +778,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The standard R function for reading tab-delimited files with a period
 decimal separator is read.delim(). You can also do this with
@@ -864,8 +864,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/03-seeking-help.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/03-seeking-help.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/04-data-structures-part1.html b/instructor/04-data-structures-part1.html
index 270db86aa..75e75eaad 100644
--- a/instructor/04-data-structures-part1.html
+++ b/instructor/04-data-structures-part1.html
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Data Structures</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/04-data-structures-part1.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -865,7 +865,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Discussion 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>By keeping everything in a column the same, we allow ourselves to
 make simple assumptions about our data; if you can interpret one entry
@@ -1091,7 +1091,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Tip 1.1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Show the content of any variable by typing its name.</p>
 <div class="section level3">
@@ -1124,7 +1124,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Tip 1.2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>In the chapter “Data types” we saw two functions that can show data
 types. One printed just a single word, the data type name. The other
@@ -1165,7 +1165,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4">
   Tip 1.3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Scroll up to the section about the <a href="#the-type-hierarchy">type
 hierarchy</a> to review the available data types</p>
@@ -1180,7 +1180,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5">
   Solution to Challenge 1.3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ul><li>Weight is expressed on a continuous scale (real numbers). The R data
 type for this is “double” (also known as “numeric”).</li>
@@ -1213,7 +1213,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6">
   Tip 1.4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Revisit the hierarchy of data types when two different data types are
 combined.</p>
@@ -1253,7 +1253,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7">
   Tip 1.5
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7">
+<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The functions to convert data types start with <code>as.</code>. You
 can look for the function further up in the manuscript or use the
@@ -1444,7 +1444,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8">
+<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb92">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -1668,7 +1668,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution9">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution9" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution9" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution9">
+<div id="collapseSolution9" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution9" aria-labelledby="headingSolution9">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>You get the names of an object by wrapping the object name inside
 <code>names(...)</code>. Similarly, you get the data type of the names
@@ -1712,7 +1712,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution10">
   Solution to Challenge 4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution10" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution10" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution10">
+<div id="collapseSolution10" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution10" aria-labelledby="headingSolution10">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <pre><code><span><span class="va">letter_no</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">26</span>   <span class="co"># or seq(1,26)</span></span>
 <span><span class="fu">names</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">letter_no</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="va">LETTERS</span></span>
@@ -1900,7 +1900,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution11">
   Solution to Challenge 5
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution11" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution11" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution11">
+<div id="collapseSolution11" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution11" aria-labelledby="headingSolution11">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb138">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -2160,7 +2160,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution12">
   Solution to Challenge 6
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution12" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution12" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution12">
+<div id="collapseSolution12" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution12" aria-labelledby="headingSolution12">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>What do you think will be the result of
 <code>length(matrix_example)</code>?</p>
@@ -2205,7 +2205,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution13">
   Solution to Challenge 7
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution13" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution13" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution13">
+<div id="collapseSolution13" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution13" aria-labelledby="headingSolution13">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Make another matrix, this time containing the numbers 1:50, with 5
 columns and 10 rows. Did the <code>matrix</code> function fill your
@@ -2246,7 +2246,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution14">
   Solution to Challenge 8
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution14" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution14" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution14">
+<div id="collapseSolution14" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution14" aria-labelledby="headingSolution14">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb173">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -2297,7 +2297,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution15">
   Solution to Challenge 9
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution15" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution15" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution15">
+<div id="collapseSolution15" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution15" aria-labelledby="headingSolution15">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Consider the R output of the matrix below:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper">
@@ -2395,8 +2395,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/04-data-structures-part1.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/04-data-structures-part1.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/05-data-structures-part2.html b/instructor/05-data-structures-part2.html
index 84fdca71a..29ec275bd 100644
--- a/instructor/05-data-structures-part2.html
+++ b/instructor/05-data-structures-part2.html
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Exploring Data Frames</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/05-data-structures-part2.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb28">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -988,7 +988,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>To check the last few lines it’s relatively simple as R already has a
 function for this:</p>
@@ -1048,7 +1048,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>source</code> function can be used to use a script within a
 script. Assume you would like to load the same type of file over and
@@ -1100,7 +1100,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4">
   Solution to Challenge 4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The object <code>gapminder</code> is a data frame with columns</p>
 <ul><li>
@@ -1193,8 +1193,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/05-data-structures-part2.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/05-data-structures-part2.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/06-data-subsetting.html b/instructor/06-data-subsetting.html
index c081e292b..d70dadeda 100644
--- a/instructor/06-data-subsetting.html
+++ b/instructor/06-data-subsetting.html
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Subsetting Data</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/06-data-subsetting.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -1982,8 +1982,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/06-data-subsetting.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/06-data-subsetting.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/07-control-flow.html b/instructor/07-control-flow.html
index 4aef77dbc..926ede20a 100644
--- a/instructor/07-control-flow.html
+++ b/instructor/07-control-flow.html
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Control Flow</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/07-control-flow.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -570,7 +570,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We will first see a solution to Challenge 1 which does not use the
 <code>any()</code> function. We first obtain a logical vector describing
@@ -911,7 +911,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We can check whether the two vectors are identical using the
 <code>all()</code> function:</p>
@@ -996,7 +996,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p><strong>Step 1</strong>: We want to make sure we can extract all the
 unique values of the continent vector</p>
@@ -1076,7 +1076,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4">
   Solution to Challenge 4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We modify our solution to Challenge 3 by now adding two thresholds,
 <code>lowerThreshold</code> and <code>upperThreshold</code> and
@@ -1126,7 +1126,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5">
   Solution for Challenge 5
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We will use the <code>grep()</code> command that was introduced in
 the <a href="https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/07-find.html" class="external-link">Unix
@@ -1254,8 +1254,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/07-control-flow.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/07-control-flow.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/08-plot-ggplot2.html b/instructor/08-plot-ggplot2.html
index b7e8fb00c..26bd5b161 100644
--- a/instructor/08-plot-ggplot2.html
+++ b/instructor/08-plot-ggplot2.html
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Creating Publication-Quality Graphics with ggplot2</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/08-plot-ggplot2.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -545,7 +545,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Here is one possible solution:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb5">
@@ -585,7 +585,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The solution presented below adds <code>color=continent</code> to the
 call of the <code>aes</code> function. The general trend seems to
@@ -693,7 +693,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The lines now get drawn over the points!</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb11">
@@ -815,7 +815,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4">
   Solution to challenge 4a
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Here a possible solution: Notice that the <code>color</code> argument
 is supplied outside of the <code>aes()</code> function. This means that
@@ -858,7 +858,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5">
   Solution to challenge 4b
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Here is a possible solution: Notice that supplying the
 <code>color</code> argument inside the <code>aes()</code> functions
@@ -1007,7 +1007,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6">
   Solution to Challenge 5
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Here a possible solution: <code>xlab()</code> and <code>ylab()</code>
 set labels for the x and y axes, respectively The axis title, text and
@@ -1099,8 +1099,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/08-plot-ggplot2.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/08-plot-ggplot2.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/09-vectorization.html b/instructor/09-vectorization.html
index b51361407..acfd90fe3 100644
--- a/instructor/09-vectorization.html
+++ b/instructor/09-vectorization.html
@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Vectorization</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/09-vectorization.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -1026,8 +1026,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/09-vectorization.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/09-vectorization.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/10-functions.html b/instructor/10-functions.html
index 8727b14e2..06f5c4d7a 100644
--- a/instructor/10-functions.html
+++ b/instructor/10-functions.html
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Functions Explained</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/10-functions.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -1222,8 +1222,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/10-functions.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/10-functions.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/11-writing-data.html b/instructor/11-writing-data.html
index a6d0868ba..474cd073f 100644
--- a/instructor/11-writing-data.html
+++ b/instructor/11-writing-data.html
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Writing Data</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/11-writing-data.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -699,8 +699,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/11-writing-data.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/11-writing-data.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/12-dplyr.html b/instructor/12-dplyr.html
index c3e377af5..9c4518e76 100644
--- a/instructor/12-dplyr.html
+++ b/instructor/12-dplyr.html
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Data Frame Manipulation with dplyr</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/12-dplyr.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -1171,6 +1171,9 @@ <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i
 <li>
 <a href="https://www.rstudio.com/resources/webinars/data-wrangling-with-r-and-rstudio/" class="external-link">Data
 wrangling with R and RStudio</a> (online video)</li>
+<li>
+<a href="https://jhudatascience.org/tidyversecourse/" class="external-link">Tidyverse
+Skills for Data Science</a> (online book)</li>
 </ul><div id="keypoints1" class="callout keypoints">
 <div class="callout-square">
 <i class="callout-icon" data-feather="key"></i>
@@ -1246,8 +1249,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/12-dplyr.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/12-dplyr.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/13-tidyr.html b/instructor/13-tidyr.html
index c3e79382b..22f1445af 100644
--- a/instructor/13-tidyr.html
+++ b/instructor/13-tidyr.html
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Data Frame Manipulation with tidyr</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/13-tidyr.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The original gapminder data.frame is in an intermediate format. It is
 not purely long since it had multiple observation variables
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb12">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -1002,7 +1002,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb37">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -1173,8 +1173,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/13-tidyr.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/13-tidyr.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/14-knitr-markdown.html b/instructor/14-knitr-markdown.html
index d9222063d..0b58f8487 100644
--- a/instructor/14-knitr-markdown.html
+++ b/instructor/14-knitr-markdown.html
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Producing Reports With knitr</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/14-knitr-markdown.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -586,7 +586,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>In RStudio, select File &gt; New file &gt; R Markdown…</p>
 <p>Delete the placeholder text and add the following:</p>
@@ -662,7 +662,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <pre>
 ```{r load-ggplot2}
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <pre>
 ```{r echo = FALSE, fig.width = 3}
@@ -795,7 +795,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4">
   Solution to Challenge 4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Here’s some inline code to determine that 2 + 2 = <code>4</code>.</p>
 </div>
@@ -937,8 +937,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/14-knitr-markdown.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/14-knitr-markdown.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/15-wrap-up.html b/instructor/15-wrap-up.html
index f8abe0417..2c19f100b 100644
--- a/instructor/15-wrap-up.html
+++ b/instructor/15-wrap-up.html
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Writing Good Software</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/15-wrap-up.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -593,8 +593,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/15-wrap-up.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/15-wrap-up.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/404.html b/instructor/404.html
index ba55ce3a8..c3134ed3d 100644
--- a/instructor/404.html
+++ b/instructor/404.html
@@ -463,8 +463,8 @@ <h1>Page not found</h1>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/404.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/404.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html b/instructor/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html
index ee6c83840..a417162d3 100644
--- a/instructor/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html
+++ b/instructor/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Contributor Code of Conduct</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -467,8 +467,8 @@ <h1>Contributor Code of Conduct</h1>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/LICENSE.html b/instructor/LICENSE.html
index 897469487..f6fd47c67 100644
--- a/instructor/LICENSE.html
+++ b/instructor/LICENSE.html
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Licenses</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/LICENSE.md" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -515,8 +515,8 @@ <h1>Licenses</h1>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/LICENSE.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/LICENSE.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/aio.html b/instructor/aio.html
index a92f17a3e..032b07452 100644
--- a/instructor/aio.html
+++ b/instructor/aio.html
@@ -471,7 +471,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
         
 <section id="aio-01-rstudio-intro"><p>Content from <a href="01-rstudio-intro.html">Introduction to R and RStudio</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/01-rstudio-intro.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <p>Estimated time: <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="clock"></i> 55 minutes</p>
@@ -1211,7 +1211,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
     }
     else all.names
 }
-&lt;bytecode: 0x55695757ae10&gt;
+&lt;bytecode: 0x558f94af9d80&gt;
 &lt;environment: namespace:base&gt;</code></pre>
 </div>
 <p>What’s going on here?</p>
@@ -1532,7 +1532,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-02-project-intro"><p>Content from <a href="02-project-intro.html">Project Management With RStudio</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/02-project-intro.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <p>Estimated time: <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="clock"></i> 30 minutes</p>
@@ -1784,7 +1784,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>By running these commands in the shell:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb1">
@@ -1795,7 +1795,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">SH<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><
 <div class="codewrapper">
 <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
 </h3>
-<pre class="output" tabindex="0"><code>-rw-r--r-- 1 runner docker 80K Sep 18 00:17 data/gapminder_data.csv</code></pre>
+<pre class="output" tabindex="0"><code>-rw-r--r-- 1 runner docker 80K Sep 21 23:51 data/gapminder_data.csv</code></pre>
 </div>
 <p>The file size is 80K.</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb3">
@@ -1929,7 +1929,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-03-seeking-help"><p>Content from <a href="03-seeking-help.html">Seeking Help</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/03-seeking-help.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <p>Estimated time: <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="clock"></i> 20 minutes</p>
@@ -2144,7 +2144,7 @@ <h3 class="code-label">OUTPUT<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"><
 
 loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
 [1] compiler_4.4.1  tools_4.4.1     yaml_2.3.10     knitr_1.48
-[5] xfun_0.46       renv_1.0.7      evaluate_0.24.0</code></pre>
+[5] xfun_0.47       renv_1.0.8      evaluate_0.24.0</code></pre>
 </div>
 <p>Will print out your current version of R, as well as any packages you
 have loaded. This can be useful for others to help reproduce and debug
@@ -2176,7 +2176,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>c()</code> function creates a vector, in which all elements
 are of the same type. In the first case, the elements are numeric, in
@@ -2206,7 +2206,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>To look at the help for the <code>paste()</code> function, use:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb11">
@@ -2315,7 +2315,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The standard R function for reading tab-delimited files with a period
 decimal separator is read.delim(). You can also do this with
@@ -2351,7 +2351,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-04-data-structures-part1"><p>Content from <a href="04-data-structures-part1.html">Data Structures</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/04-data-structures-part1.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <p>Estimated time: <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="clock"></i> 55 minutes</p>
@@ -2819,7 +2819,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Discussion 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>By keeping everything in a column the same, we allow ourselves to
 make simple assumptions about our data; if you can interpret one entry
@@ -3050,7 +3050,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Tip 1.1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Show the content of any variable by typing its name.</p>
 <div class="section level3">
@@ -3084,7 +3084,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Tip 1.2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>In the chapter “Data types” we saw two functions that can show data
 types. One printed just a single word, the data type name. The other
@@ -3128,7 +3128,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4">
   Tip 1.3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Scroll up to the section about the <a href="#the-type-hierarchy">type
 hierarchy</a> to review the available data types</p>
@@ -3143,7 +3143,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5">
   Solution to Challenge 1.3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <ul>
 <li>Weight is expressed on a continuous scale (real numbers). The R data
@@ -3178,7 +3178,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6">
   Tip 1.4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Revisit the hierarchy of data types when two different data types are
 combined.</p>
@@ -3219,7 +3219,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution7">
   Tip 1.5
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7">
+<div id="collapseSolution7" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution7" aria-labelledby="headingSolution7">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The functions to convert data types start with <code>as.</code>. You
 can look for the function further up in the manuscript or use the
@@ -3411,7 +3411,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution8">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8">
+<div id="collapseSolution8" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution8" aria-labelledby="headingSolution8">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb92">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -3642,7 +3642,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution9">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution9" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution9" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution9">
+<div id="collapseSolution9" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution9" aria-labelledby="headingSolution9">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>You get the names of an object by wrapping the object name inside
 <code>names(...)</code>. Similarly, you get the data type of the names
@@ -3688,7 +3688,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution10">
   Solution to Challenge 4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution10" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution10" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution10">
+<div id="collapseSolution10" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution10" aria-labelledby="headingSolution10">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <pre><code><span><span class="va">letter_no</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">26</span>   <span class="co"># or seq(1,26)</span></span>
 <span><span class="fu">names</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">letter_no</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="va">LETTERS</span></span>
@@ -3880,7 +3880,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution11">
   Solution to Challenge 5
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution11" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution11" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution11">
+<div id="collapseSolution11" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution11" aria-labelledby="headingSolution11">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb138">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -4141,7 +4141,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution12">
   Solution to Challenge 6
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution12" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution12" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution12">
+<div id="collapseSolution12" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution12" aria-labelledby="headingSolution12">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>What do you think will be the result of
 <code>length(matrix_example)</code>?</p>
@@ -4186,7 +4186,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution13">
   Solution to Challenge 7
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution13" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution13" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution13">
+<div id="collapseSolution13" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution13" aria-labelledby="headingSolution13">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Make another matrix, this time containing the numbers 1:50, with 5
 columns and 10 rows. Did the <code>matrix</code> function fill your
@@ -4229,7 +4229,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution14">
   Solution to Challenge 8
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution14" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution14" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution14">
+<div id="collapseSolution14" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution14" aria-labelledby="headingSolution14">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb173">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -4282,7 +4282,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution15">
   Solution to Challenge 9
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution15" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution15" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution15">
+<div id="collapseSolution15" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution15" aria-labelledby="headingSolution15">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Consider the R output of the matrix below:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper">
@@ -4326,7 +4326,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-05-data-structures-part2"><p>Content from <a href="05-data-structures-part2.html">Exploring Data Frames</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/05-data-structures-part2.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <p>Estimated time: <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="clock"></i> 30 minutes</p>
@@ -4638,7 +4638,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb28">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -4928,7 +4928,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>To check the last few lines it’s relatively simple as R already has a
 function for this:</p>
@@ -4989,7 +4989,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The <code>source</code> function can be used to use a script within a
 script. Assume you would like to load the same type of file over and
@@ -5041,7 +5041,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4">
   Solution to Challenge 4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The object <code>gapminder</code> is a data frame with columns</p>
 <ul>
@@ -5082,7 +5082,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-06-data-subsetting"><p>Content from <a href="06-data-subsetting.html">Subsetting Data</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/06-data-subsetting.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <p>Estimated time: <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="clock"></i> 50 minutes</p>
@@ -6657,7 +6657,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-07-control-flow"><p>Content from <a href="07-control-flow.html">Control Flow</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/07-control-flow.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <p>Estimated time: <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="clock"></i> 65 minutes</p>
@@ -6827,7 +6827,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We will first see a solution to Challenge 1 which does not use the
 <code>any()</code> function. We first obtain a logical vector describing
@@ -7170,7 +7170,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We can check whether the two vectors are identical using the
 <code>all()</code> function:</p>
@@ -7255,7 +7255,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p><strong>Step 1</strong>: We want to make sure we can extract all the
 unique values of the continent vector</p>
@@ -7337,7 +7337,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4">
   Solution to Challenge 4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We modify our solution to Challenge 3 by now adding two thresholds,
 <code>lowerThreshold</code> and <code>upperThreshold</code> and
@@ -7387,7 +7387,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5">
   Solution for Challenge 5
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>We will use the <code>grep()</code> command that was introduced in
 the <a href="https://swcarpentry.github.io/shell-novice/07-find.html" class="external-link">Unix
@@ -7461,7 +7461,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-08-plot-ggplot2"><p>Content from <a href="08-plot-ggplot2.html">Creating Publication-Quality Graphics with ggplot2</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/08-plot-ggplot2.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <p>Estimated time: <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="clock"></i> 80 minutes</p>
@@ -7604,7 +7604,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Here is one possible solution:</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb5">
@@ -7645,7 +7645,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The solution presented below adds <code>color=continent</code> to the
 call of the <code>aes</code> function. The general trend seems to
@@ -7756,7 +7756,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The lines now get drawn over the points!</p>
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb11">
@@ -7881,7 +7881,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4">
   Solution to challenge 4a
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Here a possible solution: Notice that the <code>color</code> argument
 is supplied outside of the <code>aes()</code> function. This means that
@@ -7925,7 +7925,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution5">
   Solution to challenge 4b
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5">
+<div id="collapseSolution5" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution5" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution5">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Here is a possible solution: Notice that supplying the
 <code>color</code> argument inside the <code>aes()</code> functions
@@ -8083,7 +8083,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution6">
   Solution to Challenge 5
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6">
+<div id="collapseSolution6" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution6" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution6">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Here a possible solution: <code>xlab()</code> and <code>ylab()</code>
 set labels for the x and y axes, respectively The axis title, text and
@@ -8122,7 +8122,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-09-vectorization"><p>Content from <a href="09-vectorization.html">Vectorization</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/09-vectorization.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <p>Estimated time: <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="clock"></i> 25 minutes</p>
@@ -8706,7 +8706,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </div></section><section id="aio-10-functions"><p>Content from <a href="10-functions.html">Functions Explained</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/10-functions.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <p>Estimated time: <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="clock"></i> 60 minutes</p>
@@ -9486,7 +9486,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-11-writing-data"><p>Content from <a href="11-writing-data.html">Writing Data</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/11-writing-data.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <p>Estimated time: <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="clock"></i> 20 minutes</p>
@@ -9734,7 +9734,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-12-dplyr"><p>Content from <a href="12-dplyr.html">Data Frame Manipulation with dplyr</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/12-dplyr.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <p>Estimated time: <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="clock"></i> 55 minutes</p>
@@ -10519,6 +10519,9 @@ <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i
 <li>
 <a href="https://www.rstudio.com/resources/webinars/data-wrangling-with-r-and-rstudio/" class="external-link">Data
 wrangling with R and RStudio</a> (online video)</li>
+<li>
+<a href="https://jhudatascience.org/tidyversecourse/" class="external-link">Tidyverse
+Skills for Data Science</a> (online book)</li>
 </ul>
 <div id="keypoints1" class="callout keypoints">
 <div class="callout-square">
@@ -10541,7 +10544,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-13-tidyr"><p>Content from <a href="13-tidyr.html">Data Frame Manipulation with tidyr</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/13-tidyr.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <p>Estimated time: <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="clock"></i> 45 minutes</p>
@@ -10656,7 +10659,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>The original gapminder data.frame is in an intermediate format. It is
 not purely long since it had multiple observation variables
@@ -10850,7 +10853,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb12">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -11148,7 +11151,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <div class="codewrapper sourceCode" id="cb37">
 <h3 class="code-label">R<i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-left"></i><i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="chevron-right"></i>
@@ -11269,7 +11272,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-14-knitr-markdown"><p>Content from <a href="14-knitr-markdown.html">Producing Reports With knitr</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/14-knitr-markdown.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <p>Estimated time: <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="clock"></i> 75 minutes</p>
@@ -11458,7 +11461,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution1">
   Solution to Challenge 1
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1">
+<div id="collapseSolution1" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution1" aria-labelledby="headingSolution1">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>In RStudio, select File &gt; New file &gt; R Markdown…</p>
 <p>Delete the placeholder text and add the following:</p>
@@ -11540,7 +11543,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution2">
   Solution to Challenge 2
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2">
+<div id="collapseSolution2" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution2" aria-labelledby="headingSolution2">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <pre>
 ```{r load-ggplot2}
@@ -11631,7 +11634,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution3">
   Solution to Challenge 3
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3">
+<div id="collapseSolution3" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution3" aria-labelledby="headingSolution3">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <pre>
 ```{r echo = FALSE, fig.width = 3}
@@ -11681,7 +11684,7 @@ <h4 class="accordion-header" id="headingSolution4">
   Solution to Challenge 4
   </h4>
 </button>
-<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4">
+<div id="collapseSolution4" class="accordion-collapse collapse" data-bs-parent="#accordionSolution4" aria-labelledby="headingSolution4">
 <div class="accordion-body">
 <p>Here’s some inline code to determine that 2 + 2 = <code>4</code>.</p>
 </div>
@@ -11775,7 +11778,7 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
 </div>
 </section></section><section id="aio-15-wrap-up"><p>Content from <a href="15-wrap-up.html">Writing Good Software</a></p>
 <hr>
-<p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+<p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/episodes/15-wrap-up.Rmd" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 <p>Estimated time: <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="clock"></i> 15 minutes</p>
@@ -11971,8 +11974,8 @@ <h3 class="callout-title">Key Points</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/aio.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/aio.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/discuss.html b/instructor/discuss.html
index 3387c6e2e..bfa8a7bca 100644
--- a/instructor/discuss.html
+++ b/instructor/discuss.html
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwelve">
       </div>
       <hr></nav><main id="main-content" class="main-content"><div class="container lesson-content">
         <h1>Discussion</h1>
-        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-18 |
+        <p>Last updated on 2024-09-21 |
 
         <a href="https://github.com/swcarpentry/r-novice-gapminder/edit/main/learners/discuss.md" class="external-link">Edit this page <i aria-hidden="true" data-feather="edit"></i></a></p>
 
@@ -461,8 +461,8 @@ <h1>Discussion</h1>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/discuss.html",
   "identifier": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/discuss.html",
   "dateCreated": "2015-04-18",
-  "dateModified": "2024-09-18",
-  "datePublished": "2024-09-18"
+  "dateModified": "2024-09-21",
+  "datePublished": "2024-09-21"
 }
 
   </script><script>
diff --git a/instructor/images.html b/instructor/images.html
index f047b5401..867879799 100644
--- a/instructor/images.html
+++ b/instructor/images.html
@@ -656,8 +656,8 @@ <h3 id="14-knitr-markdown-figure-3">Figure 3</h3>
   "url": "https://swcarpentry.github.io/r-novice-gapminder/instructor/images.html",
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index ff921ea25..4025f2266 100644
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index a8734648e..02a182407 100644
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diff --git a/reference.html b/reference.html
index fbf7cb966..c3f9167b8 100644
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