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Sprite
- A bitmap of an arbitrary shape that can be moved across complex backgrounds without flicker or damage to the background image
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Sprite Sheet
- A sheet with a collection of sprite
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Texture
- Surface of an object
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Frame
- A sequence of events ending in a page flip
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FPS
- Frame per seconds for speed of animation
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Animation
- A technique where successive still frames of a particular object appear to constitute a seamless sequence of movements
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Time delta
- Different in time comparing to last frame
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Assets
- Images, sound, music, texture, etc that used in a game
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Render
- A technique used to generate 2d or 3d model
Please make sure you had installed PyGame by using following command
$ python3 -m pip install pygame
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First of all, download the assets and create a empty folder. Directory should looks as below
GameWorkshop\ assets\ background.png bullet.png mob1.png mob2.png mob3.png player.png game.py -
Then, we need to import some of the basic library that we need
import math # math library import pygame # pygame library import random # random library import sys # system library -
Initialize some of the variable in the game
size = width, height = 800, 600 # size of the game, change the value as you see fit, but please be aware that the background is quite small black = (0, 0, 0) # black color white = (255, 255, 255) # white color red = (255, 0, 0) # red color -
Initialize a empty game screen
pygame.init() # Initialize the game screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size) # Initialize a screen pygame.display.set_caption("Shooting Game") # Name in the title bar def game(): end_game = False while not end_game: for event in pygame.event.get(): # get all the event list if event.type == pygame.QUIT: # if the window had receive kill signal sys.exit() # close the program screen.fill(black) # fill the screen with black pygame.display.flip() # display the screen while True: game() -
Run the game, and you should be able to see a black screen
$ python3 game.py -
Move on, let's load the assets of background and player
background_img = pygame.image.load("assets/background.png").convert() # Get get image assets background_img.set_colorkey(black) # set the color key (same color key can achieve transparency) background_rect = background_img.get_rect() player_img = pygame.image.load("assets/player.png").convert() -
Make a player class
class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite): # Class Player is subclass of Sprite class def __init__(self): # Initialize the player pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) self.image = pygame.transform.scale(player_img, (40, 40)) # transform the image into 40 x 40 self.image.set_colorkey(black) self.rect = self.image.get_rect() self.radius = 20 self.rect.centerx = width / 2 # Set the x position of the player self.rect.centery = height / 2 # set the y position of the player self.ms = 250 self.hp = 100 def update(self, delta): # update at every frame keystate = pygame.key.get_pressed() # Get all the key that had been pressed if keystate[pygame.K_w]: # w key self.rect.centery -= self.ms * delta if keystate[pygame.K_s]: # s key self.rect.centery += self.ms * delta if keystate[pygame.K_a]: # a key self.rect.centerx -= self.ms * delta if keystate[pygame.K_d]: # d key self.rect.centerx += self.ms * delta -
Initialize a clock
clock = pygame.time.Clock() -
Initialize game variable
lastTickTime = 0 fps = 30 player_sprite = pygame.sprite.Group() player = Player() player_sprite.add(player) -
Make the animation of the game
clock.tick(fps) time = pygame.time.get_ticks() deltaTime = (time - lastTickTime) / 1000.0 lastTickTime = timeplayer_sprite.update(deltaTime) screen.fill(black) screen.blit(background_img, background_rect) player_sprite.draw(screen) pygame.display.flip() -
If you cannot follow so far, this is the full snipper of the game right now
import math # math library import pygame # pygame library import random # random library import sys # system library size = width, height = 800, 600 # size of the game, change the value as you see fit, but please be aware that the background is quite small black = (0, 0, 0) # black color white = (255, 255, 255) # white color red = (255, 0, 0) # red color pygame.init() # Initialize the game screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size) # Initialize a screen pygame.display.set_caption("Shooting Game") # Name in the title bar clock = pygame.time.Clock() background_img = pygame.image.load("assets/background.png").convert() # Get get image assets background_img.set_colorkey(black) # set the color key (same color key can achieve transparency) background_rect = background_img.get_rect() player_img = pygame.image.load("assets/player.png").convert() class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite): # Class Player is subclass of Sprite class def __init__(self): # Initialize the player pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) self.image = pygame.transform.scale(player_img, (40, 40)) # transform the image into 40 x 40 self.image.set_colorkey(black) self.rect = self.image.get_rect() self.radius = 20 self.rect.centerx = width / 2 # Set the x position of the player self.rect.centery = height / 2 # set the y position of the player self.ms = 250 self.hp = 100 def update(self, delta): # update at every frame keystate = pygame.key.get_pressed() # Get all the key that had been pressed if keystate[pygame.K_w]: # w key self.rect.centery -= self.ms * delta if keystate[pygame.K_s]: # s key self.rect.centery += self.ms * delta if keystate[pygame.K_a]: # a key self.rect.centerx -= self.ms * delta if keystate[pygame.K_d]: # d key self.rect.centerx += self.ms * delta def game(): lastTickTime = 0 fps = 30 player_sprite = pygame.sprite.Group() player = Player() player_sprite.add(player) end_game = False while not end_game: clock.tick(fps) time = pygame.time.get_ticks() deltaTime = (time - lastTickTime) / 1000.0 lastTickTime = time for event in pygame.event.get(): # get all the event list if event.type == pygame.QUIT: # if the window had receive kill signal sys.exit() # close the program player_sprite.update(deltaTime) screen.fill(black) screen.blit(background_img, background_rect) player_sprite.draw(screen) pygame.display.flip() while True: game() -
Run again now and you should be able to see a space background and a space ship. Try control it using w, a, s, d
$ python3 game.py -
Now, let's load some bullet
bullet_sprite_sheet = pygame.image.load("assets/bullet.png") # load the spirte sheet bullet_img_list = [] # store each sprite into the list for x in range(0, 16): # row 0 to row 15 for y in range(2, 4): # column 2 to column 3 bullet_img_list.append(bullet_sprite_sheet.subsurface(x * 16, y * 16, 16, 16)) # (x position in pixels, y position in pixels, width, height) -
Create a bullet class
class Bullet(pygame.sprite.Sprite): def __init__(self, x, y, targetx, targety): pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) self.image = bullet_img_list[random.randrange(0, len(bullet_img_list))] # random a bullet within the list self.image.set_colorkey(black) self.rect = self.image.get_rect() self.radius = 4 self.rect.centerx = x self.rect.centery = y self.ms = 400 self.originx = x # x position where the bullet start self.originy = y # y posiiton where the bullet start self.targetx = targetx # mouse position when the bullet had been shoot self.targety = targety # mouse position when the bullet had been shoot self.distTravelled = 0 self.alive = True self.dmg = 5 def update(self, delta): dx = self.originx - self.targetx dy = self.originy - self.targety dist = math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy) self.distTravelled += self.ms * delta if self.distTravelled > 500: # when the distance traveled more than 500 will be killed self.alive = False return try: self.rect.centerx -= (dx / dist * self.ms) * delta self.rect.centery -= (dy / dist * self.ms) * delta except: self.alive = False # this happen when the origin are same with target, so the bullet will never move -
Shoot the bullet when space is pressed
# add under the game variable bullet_list = pygame.sprite.Group()# within the loop mousex, mousey = pygame.mouse.get_pos() # get x and y position of mouse key = pygame.key.get_pressed() # get all the key pressed if key[pygame.K_SPACE]: bullet = Bullet(player.rect.centerx, player.rect.centery, mousex, mousey) # when space is pressed, new bullet is created bullet_list.add(bullet) # and add into the bullet list# under update player sprite bullet_list.update(deltaTime) for bullet in bullet_list: # check if the bullet is not alive, it will be removed if not bullet.alive: bullet_list.remove(bullet)# under draw player sprite bullet_list.draw(screen) -
Run the game again, and you will be able to see the bullet fly all around the places
$ python3 game.py -
Load mob sprite assets
mob_sprite_sheet_list = [] for mob in range(1, 4): # total of 3 sprite sheet representing 3 different mob mob_sprite_sheet = pygame.image.load("assets/mob{}.png".format(mob)) # name are named as mob<num:Int>.png mob_img_list = [] # the image list within the sprite sheet for x in range(0, 8): for y in range(0, 3): mob_img_list.append(mob_sprite_sheet.subsurface(x * 32, y * 51, 32, 51)) mob_sprite_sheet_list.append(mob_img_list) # all different kind of mob made up of different list -
Create a mob class
class Mob(pygame.sprite.Sprite): def __init__(self): pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) self.image_list = mob_sprite_sheet_list[random.randrange(0, len(mob_sprite_sheet_list))] # random choose list of animation image from 3 types of mob self.image = self.image_list[0] # get the first frame self.image.set_colorkey(black) self.rect = self.image.get_rect() self.radius = 4 self.rect.centerx = random.randrange(0, width) # random the starting x position self.rect.centery = random.randrange(0, height) # random the starting y position self.ms = 150 self.alive = True self.hp = 100 self.dmg = 10 self.frametime = 0 # track the time self.framecycle = 2 # total time of a animation cycle def update(self, delta, x, y): dx = x - self.rect.centerx dy = y - self.rect.centery dist = math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy) self.rect.centerx += (dx / dist * self.ms) * delta self.rect.centery += (dy / dist * self.ms) * delta self.frametime = (self.frametime + delta) % self.framecycle # since animation time cycle is 2 second, we only need to track up to 2 seconds try: self.image = self.image_list[int(self.frametime / (self.framecycle / len(self.image_list)))] except: self.image = self.image_list[0] # in case when array out of bound -
Implement mob
# under game variable mob_list = pygame.sprite.Group() spawn_delay = 2# within the main loop # under the check space pressed and shoot bullet spawn_delay -= deltaTime # when spawn delay less than 2, spawn mob and reset spawn delay if spawn_delay < 0: spawn_delay = 2 mob = Mob() mob_list.add(mob)# update mob mob_list.update(deltaTime, player.rect.centerx, player.rect.centery)# under draw sprites mob_list.draw(screen) -
Collision detection for bullet with mob and player
for mob in mob_list: bullet_hit = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(mob, bullet_list, False) # check when mob collied with bullet, and when collied do not remove bullet from the list for bullet in bullet_hit: if bullet.alive: bullet.alive = False mob.hp -= bullet.dmg if mob.hp <= 0: mob.alive = False break mob_hit = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, mob_list, False) # check if player hit the mob, and if hit it will not removed from the mob_list for mob in mob_hit: mob.alive = False player.hp -= mob.dmgfor mob in mob_list: # remove mob when mob is dead if not mob.alive: mob_list.remove(mob) -
If you are lost, the code so far is as below
import math # math library import pygame # pygame library import random # random library import sys # system library size = width, height = 800, 600 # size of the game, change the value as you see fit, but please be aware that the background is quite small black = (0, 0, 0) # black color white = (255, 255, 255) # white color red = (255, 0, 0) # red color pygame.init() # Initialize the game screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size) # Initialize a screen pygame.display.set_caption("Shooting Game") # Name in the title bar clock = pygame.time.Clock() background_img = pygame.image.load("assets/background.png").convert() # Get get image assets background_img.set_colorkey(black) # set the color key (same color key can achieve transparency) background_rect = background_img.get_rect() player_img = pygame.image.load("assets/player.png").convert() bullet_sprite_sheet = pygame.image.load("assets/bullet.png") # load the spirte sheet bullet_img_list = [] # store each sprite into the list for x in range(0, 16): # row 0 to row 15 for y in range(2, 4): # column 2 to column 3 bullet_img_list.append(bullet_sprite_sheet.subsurface(x * 16, y * 16, 16, 16)) # (x position in pixels, y position in pixels, width, height) mob_sprite_sheet_list = [] for mob in range(1, 4): # total of 3 sprite sheet representing 3 different mob mob_sprite_sheet = pygame.image.load("assets/mob{}.png".format(mob)) # name are named as mob<num:Int>.png mob_img_list = [] # the image list within the sprite sheet for x in range(0, 8): for y in range(0, 3): mob_img_list.append(mob_sprite_sheet.subsurface(x * 32, y * 51, 32, 51)) mob_sprite_sheet_list.append(mob_img_list) # all different kind of mob made up of different list class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite): # Class Player is subclass of Sprite class def __init__(self): # Initialize the player pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) self.image = pygame.transform.scale(player_img, (40, 40)) # transform the image into 40 x 40 self.image.set_colorkey(black) self.rect = self.image.get_rect() self.radius = 20 self.rect.centerx = width / 2 # Set the x position of the player self.rect.centery = height / 2 # set the y position of the player self.ms = 250 self.hp = 100 def update(self, delta): # update at every frame keystate = pygame.key.get_pressed() # Get all the key that had been pressed if keystate[pygame.K_w]: # w key self.rect.centery -= self.ms * delta if keystate[pygame.K_s]: # s key self.rect.centery += self.ms * delta if keystate[pygame.K_a]: # a key self.rect.centerx -= self.ms * delta if keystate[pygame.K_d]: # d key self.rect.centerx += self.ms * delta class Bullet(pygame.sprite.Sprite): def __init__(self, x, y, targetx, targety): pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) self.image = bullet_img_list[random.randrange(0, len(bullet_img_list))] # random a bullet within the list self.image.set_colorkey(black) self.rect = self.image.get_rect() self.radius = 4 self.rect.centerx = x self.rect.centery = y self.ms = 400 self.originx = x # x position where the bullet start self.originy = y # y posiiton where the bullet start self.targetx = targetx # mouse position when the bullet had been shoot self.targety = targety # mouse position when the bullet had been shoot self.distTravelled = 0 self.alive = True self.dmg = 5 def update(self, delta): dx = self.originx - self.targetx dy = self.originy - self.targety dist = math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy) self.distTravelled += self.ms * delta if self.distTravelled > 500: # when the distance traveled more than 500 will be killed self.alive = False return try: self.rect.centerx -= (dx / dist * self.ms) * delta self.rect.centery -= (dy / dist * self.ms) * delta except: self.alive = False # this happen when the origin are same with target, so the bullet will never move class Mob(pygame.sprite.Sprite): def __init__(self): pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) self.image_list = mob_sprite_sheet_list[random.randrange(0, len(mob_sprite_sheet_list))] # random choose list of animation image from 3 types of mob self.image = self.image_list[0] # get the first frame self.image.set_colorkey(black) self.rect = self.image.get_rect() self.radius = 4 self.rect.centerx = random.randrange(0, width) # random the starting x position self.rect.centery = random.randrange(0, height) # random the starting y position self.ms = 150 self.alive = True self.hp = 100 self.dmg = 10 self.frametime = 0 # track the time self.framecycle = 2 # total time of a animation cycle def update(self, delta, x, y): dx = x - self.rect.centerx dy = y - self.rect.centery dist = math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy) self.rect.centerx += (dx / dist * self.ms) * delta self.rect.centery += (dy / dist * self.ms) * delta self.frametime = (self.frametime + delta) % self.framecycle # since animation time cycle is 2 second, we only need to track up to 2 seconds try: self.image = self.image_list[int(self.frametime / (self.framecycle / len(self.image_list)))] except: self.image = self.image_list[0] # in case when array out of bound def game(): lastTickTime = 0 fps = 30 player_sprite = pygame.sprite.Group() player = Player() player_sprite.add(player) bullet_list = pygame.sprite.Group() mob_list = pygame.sprite.Group() spawn_delay = 2 end_game = False while not end_game: clock.tick(fps) time = pygame.time.get_ticks() deltaTime = (time - lastTickTime) / 1000.0 lastTickTime = time for event in pygame.event.get(): # get all the event list if event.type == pygame.QUIT: # if the window had receive kill signal sys.exit() # close the program mousex, mousey = pygame.mouse.get_pos() # get x and y position of mouse key = pygame.key.get_pressed() # get all the key pressed if key[pygame.K_SPACE]: bullet = Bullet(player.rect.centerx, player.rect.centery, mousex, mousey) # when space is pressed, new bullet is created bullet_list.add(bullet) # and add into the bullet list spawn_delay -= deltaTime # when spawn delay less than 2, spawn mob and reset spawn delay if spawn_delay < 0: spawn_delay = 2 mob = Mob() mob_list.add(mob) player_sprite.update(deltaTime) bullet_list.update(deltaTime) mob_list.update(deltaTime, player.rect.centerx, player.rect.centery) for mob in mob_list: bullet_hit = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(mob, bullet_list, False) # check when mob collied with bullet, and when collied do not remove bullet from the list for bullet in bullet_hit: if bullet.alive: bullet.alive = False mob.hp -= bullet.dmg if mob.hp <= 0: mob.alive = False break mob_hit = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, mob_list, False) # check if player hit the mob, and if hit it will not removed from the mob_list for mob in mob_hit: mob.alive = False player.hp -= mob.dmg for bullet in bullet_list: # check if the bullet is not alive, it will be removed if not bullet.alive: bullet_list.remove(bullet) for mob in mob_list: # remove mob when mob is dead if not mob.alive: mob_list.remove(mob) screen.fill(black) screen.blit(background_img, background_rect) player_sprite.draw(screen) bullet_list.draw(screen) mob_list.draw(screen) pygame.display.flip() while True: game() -
Now start the game again and play the game
$ python3 game.py -
We need to display our own hp and enemy hp, so we need to draw text and hp bar
font_name = pygame.font.match_font('arial') # Initialize fontdef draw_text(screen, text, color, size, x, y): font = pygame.font.Font(font_name, size) # get the font template text_surface = font.render(text, True, color) # use font template to render a text text_rect = text_surface.get_rect() # get the rect representing of the text text_rect.centerx = x text_rect.centery = y screen.blit(text_surface, text_rect) # render it onto the screen def draw_bar(screen, current_val, max_val, outline_color, fill_color, bar_width, bar_height, outline, x, y): fill = (current_val / max_val) * bar_width # The width of the inner side of the bar outline_rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, bar_width, bar_height) # generate the outer part of the bar fill_rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, fill, bar_height) # generate the inner part of the bar pygame.draw.rect(screen, fill_color, fill_rect) # draw the filling bar (the inner one) pygame.draw.rect(screen, outline_color, outline_rect, outline) # draw the outer square, outline is the width of the outer square -
Let use it in showing the hp and also the mob hp
draw_text(screen, "HP: {!s}".format(player.hp), white, 30, 40, 10) for mob in mob_list: # (screen, mob current hp, mob max hp, color of outer square, color of fill, bar width, bar height, outline width, x position, y position) draw_bar(screen, mob.hp, 100, white, red, mob.rect.width, 6, 1, mob.rect.left, mob.rect.top) -
Create a game over screen
def game_over(): start_game = False while not start_game: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: sys.exit() elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE: sys.exit() elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE: start_game = True screen.fill(black) screen.blit(background_img, background_rect) draw_text(screen, "GAME OVER", red, 100, width / 2, height / 2) draw_text(screen, "Press SPACE to continue", red, 30, width / 2, (height / 2) + 50) draw_text(screen, "Press ESC to quit", red, 30, width / 2, (height / 2) + 80) pygame.display.flip() -
Might as well create main game screen
def main_screen(): start_game = False while not start_game: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: sys.exit() elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE: sys.exit() elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE: start_game = True screen.fill(black) screen.blit(background_img, background_rect) draw_text(screen, "Game Workshop", white, 100, width / 2, height / 2 - 50) draw_text(screen, "Press SPACE to start", white, 30, width / 2, (height / 2)) draw_text(screen, "Press ESC to quit", white, 30, width / 2, (height / 2) + 30) pygame.display.flip() -
Check player dead
# under game collision detection if player.hp <= 0: end_game = True # end the loop -
Add them into game loop
# go to the most bottom and add this while True: main_screen() game() game_over() -
If you cannot follow, heres the whole code
import math # math library import pygame # pygame library import random # random library import sys # system library size = width, height = 800, 600 # size of the game, change the value as you see fit, but please be aware that the background is quite small black = (0, 0, 0) # black color white = (255, 255, 255) # white color red = (255, 0, 0) # red color pygame.init() # Initialize the game screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size) # Initialize a screen pygame.display.set_caption("Shooting Game") # Name in the title bar clock = pygame.time.Clock() font_name = pygame.font.match_font('arial') # Initialize font background_img = pygame.image.load("assets/background.png").convert() # Get get image assets background_img.set_colorkey(black) # set the color key (same color key can achieve transparency) background_rect = background_img.get_rect() player_img = pygame.image.load("assets/player.png").convert() bullet_sprite_sheet = pygame.image.load("assets/bullet.png") # load the spirte sheet bullet_img_list = [] # store each sprite into the list for x in range(0, 16): # row 0 to row 15 for y in range(2, 4): # column 2 to column 3 bullet_img_list.append(bullet_sprite_sheet.subsurface(x * 16, y * 16, 16, 16)) # (x position in pixels, y position in pixels, width, height) mob_sprite_sheet_list = [] for mob in range(1, 4): # total of 3 sprite sheet representing 3 different mob mob_sprite_sheet = pygame.image.load("assets/mob{}.png".format(mob)) # name are named as mob<num:Int>.png mob_img_list = [] # the image list within the sprite sheet for x in range(0, 8): for y in range(0, 3): mob_img_list.append(mob_sprite_sheet.subsurface(x * 32, y * 51, 32, 51)) mob_sprite_sheet_list.append(mob_img_list) # all different kind of mob made up of different list def draw_text(screen, text, color, size, x, y): font = pygame.font.Font(font_name, size) # get the font template text_surface = font.render(text, True, color) # use font template to render a text text_rect = text_surface.get_rect() # get the rect representing of the text text_rect.centerx = x text_rect.centery = y screen.blit(text_surface, text_rect) # render it onto the screen def draw_bar(screen, current_val, max_val, outline_color, fill_color, bar_width, bar_height, outline, x, y): fill = (current_val / max_val) * bar_width # The width of the inner side of the bar outline_rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, bar_width, bar_height) # generate the outer part of the bar fill_rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, fill, bar_height) # generate the inner part of the bar pygame.draw.rect(screen, fill_color, fill_rect) # draw the filling bar (the inner one) pygame.draw.rect(screen, outline_color, outline_rect, outline) # draw the outer square, outline is the width of the outer square class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite): # Class Player is subclass of Sprite class def __init__(self): # Initialize the player pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) self.image = pygame.transform.scale(player_img, (40, 40)) # transform the image into 40 x 40 self.image.set_colorkey(black) self.rect = self.image.get_rect() self.radius = 20 self.rect.centerx = width / 2 # Set the x position of the player self.rect.centery = height / 2 # set the y position of the player self.ms = 250 self.hp = 100 def update(self, delta): # update at every frame keystate = pygame.key.get_pressed() # Get all the key that had been pressed if keystate[pygame.K_w]: # w key self.rect.centery -= self.ms * delta if keystate[pygame.K_s]: # s key self.rect.centery += self.ms * delta if keystate[pygame.K_a]: # a key self.rect.centerx -= self.ms * delta if keystate[pygame.K_d]: # d key self.rect.centerx += self.ms * delta class Bullet(pygame.sprite.Sprite): def __init__(self, x, y, targetx, targety): pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) self.image = bullet_img_list[random.randrange(0, len(bullet_img_list))] # random a bullet within the list self.image.set_colorkey(black) self.rect = self.image.get_rect() self.radius = 4 self.rect.centerx = x self.rect.centery = y self.ms = 400 self.originx = x # x position where the bullet start self.originy = y # y posiiton where the bullet start self.targetx = targetx # mouse position when the bullet had been shoot self.targety = targety # mouse position when the bullet had been shoot self.distTravelled = 0 self.alive = True self.dmg = 5 def update(self, delta): dx = self.originx - self.targetx dy = self.originy - self.targety dist = math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy) self.distTravelled += self.ms * delta if self.distTravelled > 500: # when the distance traveled more than 500 will be killed self.alive = False return try: self.rect.centerx -= (dx / dist * self.ms) * delta self.rect.centery -= (dy / dist * self.ms) * delta except: self.alive = False # this happen when the origin are same with target, so the bullet will never move class Mob(pygame.sprite.Sprite): def __init__(self): pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) self.image_list = mob_sprite_sheet_list[random.randrange(0, len(mob_sprite_sheet_list))] # random choose list of animation image from 3 types of mob self.image = self.image_list[0] # get the first frame self.image.set_colorkey(black) self.rect = self.image.get_rect() self.radius = 4 self.rect.centerx = random.randrange(0, width) # random the starting x position self.rect.centery = random.randrange(0, height) # random the starting y position self.ms = 150 self.alive = True self.hp = 100 self.dmg = 10 self.frametime = 0 # track the time self.framecycle = 2 # total time of a animation cycle def update(self, delta, x, y): dx = x - self.rect.centerx dy = y - self.rect.centery dist = math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy) self.rect.centerx += (dx / dist * self.ms) * delta self.rect.centery += (dy / dist * self.ms) * delta self.frametime = (self.frametime + delta) % self.framecycle # since animation time cycle is 2 second, we only need to track up to 2 seconds try: self.image = self.image_list[int(self.frametime / (self.framecycle / len(self.image_list)))] except: self.image = self.image_list[0] # in case when array out of bound def main_screen(): start_game = False while not start_game: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: sys.exit() elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE: sys.exit() elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE: start_game = True screen.fill(black) screen.blit(background_img, background_rect) draw_text(screen, "Game Workshop", white, 100, width / 2, height / 2 - 50) draw_text(screen, "Press SPACE to start", white, 30, width / 2, (height / 2)) draw_text(screen, "Press ESC to quit", white, 30, width / 2, (height / 2) + 30) pygame.display.flip() def game(): lastTickTime = 0 fps = 30 player_sprite = pygame.sprite.Group() player = Player() player_sprite.add(player) bullet_list = pygame.sprite.Group() mob_list = pygame.sprite.Group() spawn_delay = 2 end_game = False while not end_game: clock.tick(fps) time = pygame.time.get_ticks() deltaTime = (time - lastTickTime) / 1000.0 lastTickTime = time for event in pygame.event.get(): # get all the event list if event.type == pygame.QUIT: # if the window had receive kill signal sys.exit() # close the program mousex, mousey = pygame.mouse.get_pos() # get x and y position of mouse key = pygame.key.get_pressed() # get all the key pressed if key[pygame.K_SPACE]: bullet = Bullet(player.rect.centerx, player.rect.centery, mousex, mousey) # when space is pressed, new bullet is created bullet_list.add(bullet) # and add into the bullet list spawn_delay -= deltaTime # when spawn delay less than 2, spawn mob and reset spawn delay if spawn_delay < 0: spawn_delay = 2 mob = Mob() mob_list.add(mob) player_sprite.update(deltaTime) bullet_list.update(deltaTime) mob_list.update(deltaTime, player.rect.centerx, player.rect.centery) for mob in mob_list: bullet_hit = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(mob, bullet_list, False) # check when mob collied with bullet, and when collied do not remove bullet from the list for bullet in bullet_hit: if bullet.alive: bullet.alive = False mob.hp -= bullet.dmg if mob.hp <= 0: mob.alive = False break mob_hit = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, mob_list, False) # check if player hit the mob, and if hit it will not removed from the mob_list for mob in mob_hit: mob.alive = False player.hp -= mob.dmg # under game collision detection if player.hp <= 0: end_game = True # end the loop for bullet in bullet_list: # check if the bullet is not alive, it will be removed if not bullet.alive: bullet_list.remove(bullet) for mob in mob_list: # remove mob when mob is dead if not mob.alive: mob_list.remove(mob) screen.fill(black) screen.blit(background_img, background_rect) player_sprite.draw(screen) bullet_list.draw(screen) mob_list.draw(screen) draw_text(screen, "HP: {!s}".format(player.hp), white, 30, 40, 10) for mob in mob_list: # (screen, mob current hp, mob max hp, color of outer square, color of fill, bar width, bar height, outline width, x position, y position) draw_bar(screen, mob.hp, 100, white, red, mob.rect.width, 6, 1, mob.rect.left, mob.rect.top) pygame.display.flip() def game_over(): start_game = False while not start_game: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: sys.exit() elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE: sys.exit() elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE: start_game = True screen.fill(black) screen.blit(background_img, background_rect) draw_text(screen, "GAME OVER", red, 100, width / 2, height / 2) draw_text(screen, "Press SPACE to continue", red, 30, width / 2, (height / 2) + 50) draw_text(screen, "Press ESC to quit", red, 30, width / 2, (height / 2) + 80) pygame.display.flip() while True: main_screen() game() game_over() -
You had completed your first game, enjoy
$ python3 game.py
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