diff --git a/src/rad/resources/schemas/fps/exposure-1.0.0.yaml b/src/rad/resources/schemas/fps/exposure-1.0.0.yaml
index 15c613d5..5d053277 100644
--- a/src/rad/resources/schemas/fps/exposure-1.0.0.yaml
+++ b/src/rad/resources/schemas/fps/exposure-1.0.0.yaml
@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ title: |
 type: object
 properties:
   type:
-    $ref: asdf://stsci.edu/datamodels/roman/schemas/fps/exposure_type-1.0.0
+    allOf:
+      - $ref: asdf://stsci.edu/datamodels/roman/schemas/fps/exposure_type-1.0.0
     sdf:
       special_processing: VALUE_REQUIRED
       source:
diff --git a/src/rad/resources/schemas/fps/guidestar-1.0.0.yaml b/src/rad/resources/schemas/fps/guidestar-1.0.0.yaml
index dfcdf6de..5f145f48 100644
--- a/src/rad/resources/schemas/fps/guidestar-1.0.0.yaml
+++ b/src/rad/resources/schemas/fps/guidestar-1.0.0.yaml
@@ -19,7 +19,8 @@ properties:
       datatype: nvarchar(20)
       destination: [WFICommon.gw_id]
   gw_fgs_mode:
-    $ref: guidewindow_modes-1.0.0
+    allOf:
+      - $ref: guidewindow_modes-1.0.0
     sdf:
       special_processing: VALUE_REQUIRED
       source:
diff --git a/src/rad/resources/schemas/fps/wfi_mode-1.0.0.yaml b/src/rad/resources/schemas/fps/wfi_mode-1.0.0.yaml
index f961b756..1c28de47 100644
--- a/src/rad/resources/schemas/fps/wfi_mode-1.0.0.yaml
+++ b/src/rad/resources/schemas/fps/wfi_mode-1.0.0.yaml
@@ -21,10 +21,11 @@ properties:
       datatype: nvarchar(5)
       destination: [WFICommon.instrument_name]
   detector:
+    allOf:
+      - $ref: wfi_detector-1.0.0
     title: WFI Detector
     description: |
       WFI detector used to take the data.
-    $ref: wfi_detector-1.0.0
     sdf:
       special_processing: VALUE_REQUIRED
       source:
@@ -33,10 +34,11 @@ properties:
       datatype: nvarchar(10)
       destination: [WFICommon.detector]
   optical_element:
+    allOf:
+      - $ref: wfi_optical_element-1.0.0
     title: WFI Optical Element
     description: |
       WFI optical element used to take the data.
-    $ref: wfi_optical_element-1.0.0
     sdf:
       special_processing: VALUE_REQUIRED
       source:
diff --git a/src/rad/resources/schemas/tvac/exposure-1.0.0.yaml b/src/rad/resources/schemas/tvac/exposure-1.0.0.yaml
index 42c11c44..cdc34ae5 100644
--- a/src/rad/resources/schemas/tvac/exposure-1.0.0.yaml
+++ b/src/rad/resources/schemas/tvac/exposure-1.0.0.yaml
@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ title: |
 type: object
 properties:
   type:
-    $ref: asdf://stsci.edu/datamodels/roman/schemas/tvac/exposure_type-1.0.0
+    allOf:
+      - $ref: asdf://stsci.edu/datamodels/roman/schemas/tvac/exposure_type-1.0.0
     sdf:
       special_processing: VALUE_REQUIRED
       source:
diff --git a/src/rad/resources/schemas/tvac/guidestar-1.0.0.yaml b/src/rad/resources/schemas/tvac/guidestar-1.0.0.yaml
index 859efbd5..fa419b00 100644
--- a/src/rad/resources/schemas/tvac/guidestar-1.0.0.yaml
+++ b/src/rad/resources/schemas/tvac/guidestar-1.0.0.yaml
@@ -19,7 +19,8 @@ properties:
       datatype: nvarchar(20)
       destination: [WFICommon.gw_id]
   gw_fgs_mode:
-    $ref: guidewindow_modes-1.0.0
+    allOf:
+      - $ref: guidewindow_modes-1.0.0
     sdf:
       special_processing: VALUE_REQUIRED
       source:
diff --git a/src/rad/resources/schemas/tvac/wfi_mode-1.0.0.yaml b/src/rad/resources/schemas/tvac/wfi_mode-1.0.0.yaml
index ba975f23..80cae74a 100644
--- a/src/rad/resources/schemas/tvac/wfi_mode-1.0.0.yaml
+++ b/src/rad/resources/schemas/tvac/wfi_mode-1.0.0.yaml
@@ -21,10 +21,11 @@ properties:
       datatype: nvarchar(5)
       destination: [WFICommon.instrument_name]
   detector:
+    allOf:
+       - $ref: wfi_detector-1.0.0
     title: WFI Detector
     description: |
       WFI detector used to take the data.
-    $ref: wfi_detector-1.0.0
     sdf:
       special_processing: VALUE_REQUIRED
       source:
@@ -33,10 +34,11 @@ properties:
       datatype: nvarchar(10)
       destination: [WFICommon.detector]
   optical_element:
+    allOf:
+      - $ref: wfi_optical_element-1.0.0
     title: WFI Optical Element
     description: |
       WFI optical element used to take the data.
-    $ref: wfi_optical_element-1.0.0
     sdf:
       special_processing: VALUE_REQUIRED
       source:
diff --git a/tests/test_schemas.py b/tests/test_schemas.py
index 07473bfe..b42a3306 100644
--- a/tests/test_schemas.py
+++ b/tests/test_schemas.py
@@ -297,16 +297,7 @@ def callback(node, nvarchars=None):
     asdf.treeutil.walk(schema, callback)
 
 
-# don't test tvac or fps schemas as they are static
-@pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    "uri",
-    [
-        uri
-        for uri in SCHEMA_URIS
-        if not uri.startswith("asdf://stsci.edu/datamodels/roman/schemas/fps/")
-        and not uri.startswith("asdf://stsci.edu/datamodels/roman/schemas/tvac/")
-    ],
-)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("uri", SCHEMA_URIS)
 def test_ref_loneliness(uri):
     """
     An object with a $ref should contain no other items