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%{
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "binTree.h"
#include "idList.h"
#include "functions.h"
#include "codeGen.h"
#include "patch.h"
symbol getEmptySymbol();
symbol ref;
int offset = 4, prevOffset;
int inRec = 0;
typedef struct name {
node *sym;//holds the node returned from the symbol table
memNode *expr;//holds the result of an expression when the
//symbol is a procedure
memNode *var;//holds a memory node when symbol is an array
node *parent;//holds the parent type node when symbol is a variable
} name;
%}
%token IS BEG END PROCEDURE ID NUMBER TYPE ARRAY RAISE OTHERS
%token RECORD IN OUT RANGE CONSTANT ASSIGN EXCEPTION NULLWORD LOOP IF
%token THEN ELSEIF ELSE EXIT WHEN AND OR EQ NEQ LT GT GTE LTE TICK
%token NOT EXP ARROW OF DOTDOT ENDIF ENDREC ENDLOOP EXITWHEN
%type <memNode> expression rel_list relation condition optAssign
%type <memNode> simple_list simple_expr term_list expr_list
%type <memNode> term factor_list factor primary_list primary
%type <integer> NUMBER constant mult_op add_op bool_op rel_op
%type <integer> const_expr loop
%type <var> ID EXCEPTION type_name
%type <idList> id_list
%type <mode> mode
%type <symbolTablePtr> comp_list parameters var_dec record_head proc_spec
%type <symbolTablePtr> proc_head proc_init proc_body begin const_dec
%type <nameNode> name
%union {
int integer;
char *var, *mode;
struct idnode* idList;
struct node* symbolTablePtr;
struct memNode* memNode;
struct name *nameNode;
}
%%
program : prog_head IS decl_part proc_body
{
printf("Compilation complete\n");
emitReturn();
//add patch for end of code/beginning of main's AR
fixPatch(0, instCt);
//add patch for beginning of next AR after main
fixPatch(1, instCt + $4->data.offset);
}
;
prog_head : PROCEDURE ID
{
//this is the first thing recognized in the program
//print out the program prologue and push a scope
emitPrologue();
addPatch(6);
addPatch(0);
addPatch(1);
push($2, offset);
offset = 4;
tabs++;
}
;
begin : BEG
{
//when a begin is recognized, we store the offset and instruction
//count so that those values can be stored for later use with
//activation records
$$ = (node*)malloc(sizeof(node));
$$->data.offset = offset;
$$->data.address = instCt;
//push a scope for exceptions
pushPS('e');
//add a patch for the beginning of main program's code
if (top == 1) {
fixPatch(6, instCt);
}
}
;
proc_spec : proc_head IS decl_part proc_body
{
//now that we've seen the whole procedure we store the data
//we'd previously saved, and print the code for a return statement
node *proc = $1;
if ($1 != NULL) {
$1->data.offset = $4->data.offset;
$1->data.address = $4->data.address;
//if the procedure has parameters, copy out
//all 'o' and 'io' parameters
if ($1->data.next != NULL) {
emitParamCopyOut($1);
}
emitReturn();
}
}
;
proc_head : proc_init '(' parameters ')'
{
//copy all of the parameter data into a tail hanging off
//of the procedure node stored in $1
if ($1 != NULL) {
node *temp = $3;
node *param = (node*)malloc(sizeof(node));
param->data = temp->data;
param->data.next = NULL;
$1->data.next = param;
while (temp->data.next != NULL) {
temp = temp->data.next; //get the next node
//allocate space for the next one
param->data.next = (node*)malloc(sizeof(node));
param = param->data.next;//point to the new node
param->data = temp->data;//copy the data
param->data.reg = NULL;
}
param->data.next = NULL;
}
$$ = $1;
}
| proc_init
{}
;
proc_init : PROCEDURE ID
{
//create a node for the prodecure and add it to the current scope
//this will allow us to reference its code at a later time
//then push a new scope for the declarations in the procedure
ref = getEmptySymbol();
ref.name = mallocAndCpy($2);
ref.kind = mallocAndCpy("proc");
ref.next = NULL;
$$ = addSymbol(ref);
//printTabs(tabs);
push($2, offset);
offset = 4;
tabs++;
}
;
proc_body : begin stmt_list excpt_part END ';'
{
//printTabs(tabs);
offset = pop();
tabs--;
$$ = $1;
}
;
parameters : id_list ':' mode type_name ';' parameters
{
ref = getEmptySymbol();
ref.pType = getTypeNode($4);
ref.kind = mallocAndCpy("parm");
ref.mode = mallocAndCpy($3);
ref.size = ref.pType->data.size;
ref.next = $6;
$$ = addIdsToStack($1, ref);
//printf("line %i: ", lineno);
//print($1);
//printf(" - %s parameter of type %s\n", ref.mode, ref.pType->data.name);
}
| id_list ':' mode type_name
{
ref = getEmptySymbol();
ref.pType = getTypeNode($4);
ref.kind = mallocAndCpy("parm");
ref.mode = mallocAndCpy($3);
ref.size = ref.pType->data.size;
ref.next = NULL;
$$ = addIdsToStack($1, ref);
//printf("line %i: ", lineno);
//print($1);
//printf(" - %s parameter of type %s\n", $$->data.mode, $$->data.pType->data.name);
}
;
mode : IN
{
$$ = (char*)malloc(2);
strcpy($$, "i");
}
| OUT
{
$$ = (char*)malloc(2);
strcpy($$, "o");}
| IN OUT
{
$$ = (char*)malloc(3);
strcpy($$, "io");}
|
{
$$ = (char*)malloc(2);
strcpy($$, "i");
}
;
id_list : ID ',' id_list
{
currentList = addId(currentList, $1);
$$ = currentList;
}
| ID
{
currentList = insertIdList();
currentList = addId(currentList, $1);
$$ = currentList;
}
;
type_name : ID
{
$$ = $1;
}
;
decl_part : decl_list proc_part
{
}
| proc_part
{
}
;
decl_list : decl_list decl
{
}
| decl
{
}
;
decl : array_dec
{}
| record_dec
{}
| type_dec
{}
| var_dec
{}
| const_dec
{}
| excpt_dec
{}
;
proc_part : proc_part proc_spec
{
}
|
{
}
;
array_dec : TYPE ID IS ARRAY '(' constant DOTDOT constant ')' OF type_name ';'
{
ref = getEmptySymbol();
ref.name = mallocAndCpy($2);
ref.kind = mallocAndCpy("array");
ref.cType = getTypeNode($11);
ref.size = ref.cType->data.size * ($8 - $6 + 1);
ref.lower = $6;
ref.upper = $8;
addSymbol(ref);
//printf("line %i: array type %s of %s from %i to %i\n", lineno, $2, $11, $6, $8);
}
;
record_dec : record_head comp_list ENDREC ';'
{
node *temp = $2;
int recOffset = 0;
while (temp != NULL) {
$1->data.size += temp->data.size;
temp->data.offset = recOffset;
recOffset += temp->data.size;
temp = temp->data.next;
}
inRec = 0;
$1->data.next = $2;
}
;
record_head : TYPE ID IS RECORD
{
ref = getEmptySymbol();
ref.name = mallocAndCpy($2);
ref.kind = mallocAndCpy("record");
ref.size = 0;
inRec = 1;
$$ = addSymbol(ref);
}
;
comp_list : var_dec comp_list
{
$1->data.next = $2;
$$ = $1;
}
| var_dec
{
$$ = $1;
}
;
type_dec : TYPE ID IS RANGE constant DOTDOT constant ';'
{
symbol ref;
ref.name = mallocAndCpy($2);
ref.kind = mallocAndCpy("range");
ref.pType = getTypeNode("integer");
ref.size = ref.pType->data.size;
ref.lower = $5;
ref.upper = $7;
addSymbol(ref);
//printf("line %i: type %s defined\n", lineno, $2);
}
;
var_dec : id_list ':' type_name ';'
{
ref = getEmptySymbol();
ref.pType = getTypeNode($3);
ref.kind = mallocAndCpy("variable");
ref.size = ref.pType->data.size;
ref.reg = NULL;
ref.next = NULL;
$$ = addIdsToStack($1, ref);
//if ($$ != NULL && !inRec) {
//printf("line %i: ", lineno);
//print(currentList);
//printf(" of type %s\n", $$->data.pType->data.name);
//}
}
;
const_dec : id_list ':' CONSTANT ASSIGN const_expr ';'
{
ref = getEmptySymbol();
ref.pType = getTypeNode("integer");
ref.kind = mallocAndCpy("constant");
ref.value = $5;
ref.size = ref.pType->data.size;
$$ = addIdsToStack($1, ref);
//if ($$ != NULL) {
//printf("line %i: ", lineno);
//print(currentList);
//printf(" constant of value %i\n", $$->data.value);
//}
}
;
excpt_dec : id_list ':' EXCEPTION ';'
{
ref = getEmptySymbol();
ref.pType = NULL;
ref.kind = mallocAndCpy("exception");
addIdsToStack($1, ref);
//printf("line %i: ", lineno);
//print(currentList);
//printf(" : exception\n");
}
;
constant : ID
{
node *temp = searchStack($1);
$$ = temp->data.value;
}
| NUMBER
{
$$ = $1;
}
;
const_expr : expression
{
if ($1->constant == 0) {
$$ = $1->value;
} else {
yyerror("Variable used in constant expression");
$$ = 0;
}
}
;
stmt_list : stmt_list statement
{}
| statement
{}
;
statement : call_stmt
{}
| loop_stmt
{}
| if_stmt
{}
| raise_stmt
{}
| NULLWORD ';'
{}
;
call_stmt : name optAssign ';'
{
node *proc = $1->sym;
memNode *temp = $1->expr;
if (proc != NULL) {
if (!strcmp(proc->data.kind, "write_routine")) {
while(temp != NULL) {
emitWrite(temp);
temp = temp->next;
}
} else if(!strcmp(proc->data.kind, "read_routine")) {
while(temp != NULL) {
if (strcmp(temp->kind, "address")) {
//we can assume that if the expression is not an
//address, it was used in an operation of some sort
//which means that it is not just a variable, which is
//the only thing accepted as a parameter in read routines
yyerror("expression used in place of variable in read routine");
break;
} else {
emitRead(temp);
}
temp = temp->next;
}
} else if (isVariable(proc)) {
memNode* id;
id = $1->var;
emitAssign(id, $2);
proc->data.reg = NULL;
} else {
//baseReg is just to use the same register with 'b' stored
//in it throughout the different instructions emitted
int baseReg = emitProcCall(proc);
emitParamCopyIn(proc, temp, baseReg);
emitProcJump(proc, baseReg);
addLabel(instCt, 'e');
emitExcpStateCheck();
}
}
}
;
name : ID
{
$$ = (name*)malloc(sizeof(name));
$$->sym = searchStack($1);
if (isVariable($$->sym)) {
$$->var = emitPrimId($$->sym);
$$->parent = $$->sym->data.pType;
} else if (!strcmp($$->sym->data.kind, "constant")) {
$$->var = emitPrimNum($$->sym->data.value);
$$->parent = NULL;
}
$$->expr = NULL;
}
| name '(' expr_list ')'
{
if (isVariable($1->sym)) {
if ($3->next == NULL) {
int i = 0;
memNode *var = $1->var;
node *component = $1->parent->data.cType;
if (component != NULL) {
memNode *expr = $3;
/*
if the symbol is a var, not a procedure, we need to generally
increase the offset according to whatever 'position' in a
single or multi dimensional array this might be.
In order to do so, we need to multiply the expression by
the size of this element, stored in its component type
*/
if (var->offset->constant + expr->constant == 0) {
var->offset->value += expr->value
* component->data.size;
} else {
memNode *size = (memNode*)malloc(sizeof(memNode));
size->kind = mallocAndCpy("number");
size->value = component->data.size;
expr = emitMulDiv(expr, size, 1);
var->offset = emitAddSub(var->offset, expr, 1);
}
$1->parent = component;
$$ = $1;
} else {
yyerror("Array access attempted on scalar variable");
}
} else {
yyerror("Too many expressions in array access");
}
} else if (isProcedure($1->sym)) {
if ($1->expr == NULL) {
$1->expr = $3;
$$ = $1;
} else {
yyerror("Too many expression lists in procedure call");
}
} else {
yyerror("Illegal parentheses following identifier");
$$ = $1;
}
}
| name '.' ID
{
if (!strcmp($1->parent->data.kind, "record")) {
node *member = $1->parent->data.next;
while (member != NULL && strcmp(member->data.name, $3)) {
member = member->data.next;
}
if (member != NULL) {
if ($1->var->offset->constant == 0) {
$1->var->offset->value += member->data.offset;
} else {
memNode *newOffset = (memNode *)malloc(sizeof(memNode));
newOffset->value = member->data.offset;
newOffset->kind = mallocAndCpy("number");
$1->var->offset = emitAddSub($1->var->offset, newOffset, 1);
}
$1->parent = member->data.pType;
} else {
yyerror("Undeclared record member used");
}
} else {
yyerror("Variable is not a record");
}
$$ = $1;
}
;
optAssign : ASSIGN expression
{
$$ = $2;
}
|
{
$$ = NULL;
}
;
expr_list : expression ',' expr_list
{
$1->next = $3;
$$ = $1;
}
| expression
{
$1->next = NULL;
$$ = $1;
}
;
loop_stmt : loop loop_stmt_list ENDLOOP ';'
{
emitJump($1);
popPS(instCt, 'p');
}
;
loop : LOOP
{
$$ = instCt;
pushPS('p');
}
;
loop_stmt_list : statement loop_stmt_list
{
}
| exit loop_stmt_list
{
}
|
;
exit : EXIT ';'
{
addLabel(instCt, 'p');
emitJumpQ();
}
| EXITWHEN condition ';'
{
emitJumpTrue($2);
addLabel(instCt - 1, 'p');
}
;
if_stmt : if_head elsif else_clause ENDIF ';'
{
popPS(instCt, 'p');
popPS(instCt, 'p');
}
;
if_head : if THEN stmt_list
{
addLabel(instCt, 'p');
emitJumpQ();
popPS(instCt, 'p');
pushPS('p');
}
;
if : IF condition
{
pushPS('p');
pushPS('p');
memNode *temp = $2;
//this is kind of an unfortunate case where
//we need to reference a line either 2 ahead or 1 behind
//of the function call. so we subtract 1
emitJumpFalse($2);
addLabel(instCt - 1, 'p');
}
;
elsif : elsif elseif_head THEN stmt_list
{
addLabel(instCt, 'p');
popPS(instCt, 'p');
emitJumpQ();
pushPS('p');
}
|
{}
;
elseif_head : ELSEIF condition
{
//i'm really not sure why these are two higher than
//they should be.....
//maybe its because we've already emitted a jump in the previous
//if/elseif
//the first pop is for the statements inside the then body,
//the second is for the branch jump at the beginning
popPS(instCt - 2, 'p');
pushPS('p');
emitJumpFalse($2);
addLabel(instCt - 1, 'p');
}
;
else_clause : else_head stmt_list
{
addLabel(instCt, 'p');
emitJumpQ();
}
|
{}
;
else_head : ELSE
{
popPS(instCt, 'p');
pushPS('p');
}
;
raise_stmt : RAISE ID ';'
{
node *excpt = searchStack($2);
if (excpt == NULL) {
yyerror("Undeclared exception raised");
} else {
emitRaise(excpt->data.value);
addLabel(instCt - 1, 'e');
}
}
condition : expression
{
$$ = $1;
}
;
expression : rel_list
{
$$ = $1;
}
;
rel_list: rel_list bool_op relation
{
if ($1->constant + $3->constant == 0) {
$$ = $1;
$$->value = (1 - $2) * ($1->value && $3->value) + $2 * ($1->value || $3->value);
} else {
$$ = emitBooP($1, $3, $2);
}
}
| relation
{
$$ = $1;
}
;
bool_op : AND
{
$$ = 0;
}
| OR
{
$$ = 1;
}
;
relation : simple_list
{
$$ = $1;
}
;
simple_list : simple_list rel_op simple_expr
{
if ($1->constant + $3->constant == 0) {
$$ = $1;
switch($2){
case 1:
$$->value = $1->value == $3->value;
break;
case 2:
$$->value = $1->value != $3->value;
break;
case 3:
$$->value = $1->value < $3->value;
break;
case 6:
$$->value = $1->value <= $3->value;
break;
case 5:
$$->value = $1->value > $3->value;
break;
case 4:
$$->value = $1->value >= $3->value;
break;
}
} else {
$$ = emitRelOp($1, $3, $2);
}
}
| simple_expr
{
$$ = $1;
}
;
rel_op : EQ
{
$$ = 1;
}
| NEQ
{
$$ = 2;
}
| LT
{
$$ = 3;
}
| GT
{
$$ = 4;
}
| LTE
{
$$ = 5;
}
| GTE
{
$$ = 6;
}
;
simple_expr : '-' term_list
{
if ($2->constant == 0) {
$$ = $2;
$$->value = $2->value * -1;
} else {
$$ = emitNeg($2);
}
}
| term_list
{
$$ = $1;
}
;
term_list : term_list add_op term
{
if ($1->constant + $3->constant == 0) {
//by multiplying the term
//by the add_op, we can choose
//between + and -
$$ = $1;
$$->value = $1->value + ($2 * $3->value);
} else {
$$ = emitAddSub($1, $3, $2);
}
}
| term
{
$$ = $1;
}
;
add_op : '+'
{
$$ = 1;
}
| '-'
{
$$ = -1;
}
;
term : factor_list
{
$$ = $1;
}
;
factor_list : factor_list mult_op factor
{
if ($1->constant + $3->constant == 0) {
//by raising the factor to the power from
//the mult_op, we can choose between * and /
$$ = $1;
$$->value = $1->value * pow($3->value, $2);
} else {
if ($2 == 1) {
$$ = emitMulDiv($1, $3, $2);
} else {
$$ = emitMulDiv($1, $3, $2);
}
}
}
| factor
{
$$ = $1;
}
;
mult_op : '*'
{
$$ = 1;
}
| '/'
{
$$ = -1;
}
;
factor : primary_list
{
$$ = $1;
}
| NOT primary
{
if ($2->constant == 0) {
$$ = $2;
$$->value = -1 * $2->value;
} else {
$$ = emitNot($2);
}
}
;
primary_list : primary_list EXP primary
{
if ($1->constant + $3->constant == 0) {
$$ = $1;
$$->value = pow($1->value, $3->value);
} else {
$$ = emitExp($1, $3);
}
}
| primary
{
$$ = $1;
}
;
primary : NUMBER
{
$$ = emitPrimNum($1);
}
| name
{
$$ = $1->var;
}
| '(' expression ')'
{
$$ = $2;
}
;
excpt_part : exception handle_list
{
//pop the jumps to the table at the beginning
popPS(instCt - 1, 'p');
jumpTable[0] = instCt + next_exception;
if (!handlerDone) {
int i;
for (i = 1; i <= next_exception; i++) {
if (jumpTable[i] == 0) {
jumpTable[i] = jumpTable[0];
}
}
}
int i;
for (i = 1; i <= next_exception; i++) {
emitJump(jumpTable[i]);
}
//pop the jumps after the table after
popPS(instCt, 'p');
popPS(instCt, 'e');
}
|
{
popPS(instCt, 'e');
}
;
exception : EXCEPTION
{
//push a scope and emit a jump to the regular return line
//this will be executed when there are no exceptions raised
pushPS('p');
addLabel(instCt, 'p');
emitJumpQ();
//pop a scope to patch the jump to this line
//from the raise statements above
popPS(instCt, 'e');
//push a scope for the jumps from exceptions to the return line
pushPS('e');
//push a scope for the jump to the table
pushPS('p');
//this is the jump to the jump table
addLabel(instCt, 'p');
fprintf(fp, "%d: pc := r3, ?\n", instCt++);
inExceptionPart = 1;
handlerDone = 0;
int i;
for (i = 1; i < 100; i++) {
jumpTable[i] = 0;
}