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<h1 id="Xcode 中斷點 簡介">
Xcode 中斷點 簡介
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<p>Xcode 中斷點 一些簡單的介紹</p>
<a id="more"></a>
<h2 id="中斷點"><a href="#中斷點" class="headerlink" title="中斷點"></a>中斷點</h2><h3 id="中斷點（breakpoint）除了普通的中斷外，還有五種特殊的形式："><a href="#中斷點（breakpoint）除了普通的中斷外，還有五種特殊的形式：" class="headerlink" title="中斷點（breakpoint）除了普通的中斷外，還有五種特殊的形式："></a>中斷點（breakpoint）除了普通的中斷外，還有五種特殊的形式：</h3><ol>
<li>Exception Breakpoint：程式碼出現問題，拋出異常時觸發。</li>
<li>Symbolic Breakpoint：當執行某個符號時觸發。</li>
<li>OpenGL ES Error Breakpoint：在 OpenGL ES 錯誤發生時觸發。</li>
<li>Test Failure Breakpoint：測試斷言失敗的時候觸發。</li>
<li>Swift Error Breakpoint：在 Swift 錯誤發生時觸發。</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="普通中斷點："><a href="#普通中斷點：" class="headerlink" title="普通中斷點："></a>普通中斷點：</h3><p>Condition：返回一個布林值，只有在布林值為 true 時才會觸發<br>Ignore：忽略前 n 次斷點，直到第 n+1 次遇到斷點才觸發。<br>Action：斷點觸發時，Xcode 執行的操作，如腳本等。</p>
<ul>
<li>AppleScript：用於執行腳本，如 display dialog “SwiftGO” 彈出對話框。</li>
<li>Capture GPU Frame：攔截在斷點處 GPU 當前繪製的幀圖，用於 OpenGL ES 應用的調適。</li>
<li>Debugger Command：相當於在控制台中輸入的 lldb 調適指令。</li>
<li>Log Message：將自定義格式、内容的信息輸出到控制台，常用的占位符有：<br> %H(斷點第幾次觸發)，%B(斷點所在的方法的名字) 和 @expr@(輸出expr的值)。</li>
<li>Shell Command：接收命令文件以及相應的參數列表。Xcode 會異步執行 ShellCommand。<br> 勾選 “Waituntildone” 表示等待 Shell 命令執行结束後再執行調適工作。</li>
<li>Sound：觸發斷點的同時播放聲音。</li>
<li>Automatically continue after evaluating actions：勾選這個選項後，斷點不會中斷程式運行。</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="Swift-Error-Breakpoint："><a href="#Swift-Error-Breakpoint：" class="headerlink" title="Swift Error Breakpoint："></a>Swift Error Breakpoint：</h3><p>拋出一個繼承自 ErrorType 類型的錯誤時會觸發這個中斷點。</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">enum ThisPersonError: ErrorType {</span><br><span class="line"> case IsDead</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">func findSomeone(name: String) throws {</span><br><span class="line"> if name == "xx" {</span><br><span class="line"> throw ThisPersonError.IsDead // 這裡將觸發中斷點</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">do {</span><br><span class="line"> try findSomeone("xx")</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>通過編輯 Swift Error Breakpoint，可以指定響應什麼類型的異常。</p>
<h3 id="Exception-Breakpoint："><a href="#Exception-Breakpoint：" class="headerlink" title="Exception Breakpoint："></a>Exception Breakpoint：</h3><p>只在 Objective-C 或 C++ 中有用。比如下面這段程式碼：</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {</span><br><span class="line"> @autoreleasepool {</span><br><span class="line"> @try {</span><br><span class="line"> // 打斷點後，程式在下一行程式碼中斷</span><br><span class="line"> @throw [NSException exceptionWithName:@"名字" reason:@"原因" userInfo:nil];</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> @catch (NSException *exception) {</span><br><span class="line"> NSLog(@"catch斷點");</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> return 0;</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>如果不添加 Exception Breakpoint，會執行到 @catch程式碼區域。這種斷點的編輯界面和以前不太一樣：</p>
<ul>
<li>Exception： 表示響應哪種語言的異常，可以是 Objective-C 或 C++</li>
<li>Break：是在 throw 還是在 catch 中觸發這個異常</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="Symbolic-Breakpoint："><a href="#Symbolic-Breakpoint：" class="headerlink" title="Symbolic Breakpoint："></a>Symbolic Breakpoint：</h3><p>符號斷點會在某個方法被調用時觸發:<br>如定義這樣的兩個函數：</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">func burnAllCouples() {</span><br><span class="line"> print("FFF Couples")</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">func burnAllSingleDogs() {</span><br><span class="line"> print("FFF Single Dogs")</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>然後把 Symbol 設置成某個函數的名字：burnAllSingleDogs，這樣每次調用 burnAllSingleDogs 函數都會觸發這個中斷點<br>目前 Swift 中，Symbolic Breakpoint 一個比較大的問題是它不支持帶參數的方法名。</p>
<h3 id="Test-Failure-Breakpoint"><a href="#Test-Failure-Breakpoint" class="headerlink" title="Test Failure Breakpoint"></a>Test Failure Breakpoint</h3><p>這在測試的斷言失敗時觸發：</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">func testExample() {</span><br><span class="line"> XCTAssert(1 == 0)</span><br><span class="line"> // This is an example of a functional test case.</span><br><span class="line"> // Use XCTAssert and related functions to verify your tests produce the correct results.</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>如這個測試斷言必定失敗，添加 Test Failure Breakpoint 後，程式將在 XCTAssert(1 == 0) 處中斷。</p>
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<ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%B7%E9%BB%9E"><span class="toc-text">中斷點</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%B7%E9%BB%9E%EF%BC%88breakpoint%EF%BC%89%E9%99%A4%E4%BA%86%E6%99%AE%E9%80%9A%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%B7%E5%A4%96%EF%BC%8C%E9%82%84%E6%9C%89%E4%BA%94%E7%A8%AE%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%A2%E5%BC%8F%EF%BC%9A"><span class="toc-text">中斷點（breakpoint）除了普通的中斷外，還有五種特殊的形式：</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%99%AE%E9%80%9A%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%B7%E9%BB%9E%EF%BC%9A"><span class="toc-text">普通中斷點：</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#Swift-Error-Breakpoint%EF%BC%9A"><span class="toc-text">Swift Error Breakpoint：</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#Exception-Breakpoint%EF%BC%9A"><span class="toc-text">Exception Breakpoint：</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#Symbolic-Breakpoint%EF%BC%9A"><span class="toc-text">Symbolic Breakpoint：</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#Test-Failure-Breakpoint"><span class="toc-text">Test Failure Breakpoint</span></a></li></ol></li></ol>
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