Auto merge of #115384 - lqd:default-universe-info, r=matthewjasper

Work around ICE in diagnostics for local super-universes missing `UniverseInfo`s

In issue #114907, canonicalization of liveness dropck-outlives results (IIUC) encounters universes absent from the original query.  Some local universes [are created](https://github.com/lqd/rust/blob/f3a1bae88c617330b8956818da3cea256336c1cf/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/canonical/query_response.rs#L417-L425) for the mapping, but importantly, they won't have associated causes.

These missing `UniverseInfo`s can be [needed](https://github.com/lqd/rust/blob/f3a1bae88c617330b8956818da3cea256336c1cf/compiler/rustc_borrowck/src/diagnostics/region_errors.rs#L376) during diagnostics, [causing the `IndexMap: key not found` ICE](https://github.com/lqd/rust/blob/d55522aad87c5605d7edd5dd4b37926e8b446117/compiler/rustc_borrowck/src/region_infer/mod.rs#L2252) seen in the issue.

This PR works around this by returning the suboptimal catch-all cause, to avoid the ICE. It does results in suboptimal diagnostics right now, but it's better than an ICE.

r? `@matthewjasper.`

Let me know if there's a good easy-ish way to fix this, but I believe that for some of these erroneous cases and diagnostics, that inference/canonicalization/higher-ranked subtyping/etc may not behave exactly the same with the new trait solver? If that's the case then it'd probably be best to wait a bit more to do the correct fix.

Fixes #114907.

cc `@aliemjay`

Author: bors