diff --git a/src/resources/filters/layout/pandoc3_figure.lua b/src/resources/filters/layout/pandoc3_figure.lua
index ad4924e93cc..89bba648c6a 100644
--- a/src/resources/filters/layout/pandoc3_figure.lua
+++ b/src/resources/filters/layout/pandoc3_figure.lua
@@ -68,11 +68,25 @@ function render_pandoc3_figure()
     return {
       traverse = "topdown",
       Figure = function(figure)
+        local has_fragment = false
+        figure.content = _quarto.ast.walk(figure.content, {
+          Image = function(img)
+            if img.classes:includes("fragment") then
+              has_fragment = true
+              img.classes = img.classes:filter(function(c) return c ~= "fragment" end)
+              return img
+            end
+          end
+        })
+
         local result = html_handle_linked_image(figure)
-        if result ~= nil then
-          return result
+        if result == nil then
+          result = html_handle_image(figure)
+        end
+        if has_fragment then
+          result = pandoc.Div(result, pandoc.Attr("", {"fragment"}, {}))
         end
-        return html_handle_image(figure)
+        return result
       end
     }
   elseif _quarto.format.isLatexOutput() then
diff --git a/tests/docs/smoke-all/2025/04/23/issue-12598.qmd b/tests/docs/smoke-all/2025/04/23/issue-12598.qmd
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2e05526ae7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/docs/smoke-all/2025/04/23/issue-12598.qmd
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+format: revealjs
+_quarto:
+  tests:
+    revealjs:
+      ensureHtmlElements:
+        - ["div.fragment"]
+        - []
+---
+
+## Slide title
+
+![caption](image.jpg){.fragment}