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<h2>Apache与Tomcat集群配置 - 老牛啊</h2>
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<i class="icon-calendar"></i> 2013-09-05
- <i class="icon-user"></i> 老牛啊
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<p>PS：今天整理硬盘，发现这个有用的收藏，与大家分享！一、环境说明WindowsXPapache_2.0.59-win32-x86-no_ssl.msihttp://httpd.apache.org/mod_jk-apache-2.0.59.sohttp://tomcat.apache.org/download-connectors.cgiapache-tomcat-5.5.23.zip http://tomcat.apache.org/downl</p>
<p>
PS：今天整理硬盘，发现这个有用的收藏，与大家分享！<span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体"> </span><div class="Section0"><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">一、 环境说明</p><p class="p0">Windows XP</p><p class="p0">apache_2.0.59-win32-x86-no_ssl.msi <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">http://httpd.apache.org/</a></p><p class="p0">mod_jk-apache-2.0.59.so <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/download-connectors.cgi">http://tomcat.apache.org/download-connectors.cgi</a></p><p class="p0">apache-tomcat-5.5.23.zip <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/download-55.cgi">http://tomcat.apache.org/download-55.cgi</a></p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">我的程序分别安装到</p><p class="p0">D:\webserver\Apache Group\Apache2</p><p class="p0">D:\webserver\TomcatCluster\tomcat1</p><p class="p0">D:\webserver\TomcatCluster\tomcat2</p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">Apache<span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">安装完后，在右下角状态栏中可以看到 </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">Apache Service Monitor </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">可以控制</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">Apache</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">的状态。 </span></p><p class="p0">验证<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">Apache</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">是否安装成功，可以访问</span><a href="http://localhost/">http://localhost</a> 如果能看到<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">Apache</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">的预制页面，说明安装成功，如果不行，可以访问</span><a href="http://localhost:8080/">http://localhost:8080</a> 试试（可能因为<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">IIS</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">已经使用了</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">80</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">端口</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">, </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">我的就是</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">8080, </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">可以修改</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">Apache</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">的配置文件来修改）</span></p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">二、 负载均衡</p><p class="p0">找到<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">Apache</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">安装目录下</span>conf目录中的httpd.conf文件。</p><p class="p0">在文件最后添加一句：</p><p class="p0">include "D:\webserver\Apache Group\Apache2\conf\mod_jk.conf"</p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">接着在<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">conf</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">目录中新建文件</span>mod_jk.conf并添加下面的内容：</p><p class="p0">#<span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">加载</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">mod_jk Module</span></p><p class="p0">LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk-apache-2.0.59.so</p><p class="p0">#<span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">指定 </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">workers.properties</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">文件路径</span></p><p class="p0">JkWorkersFile conf/workers.properties</p><p class="p0">#<span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">指定哪些请求交给</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">tomcat</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">处理</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">,"controller"</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">为在</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">workers.propertise</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">里指定的负载分配控制器名</span></p><p class="p0">JkMount /*.jsp controller</p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">在<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">conf</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">目录下新建</span>workers.properties文件并添加如下内容：</p><p class="p0">#server</p><p class="p0">worker.list = controller</p><p class="p0">#========tomcat1========</p><p class="p0">worker.tomcat1.port=11009</p><p class="p0">worker.tomcat1.host=localhost</p><p class="p0">worker.tomcat1.type=ajp13</p><p class="p0">worker.tomcat1.lbfactor = 1</p><p class="p0">#========tomcat2========</p><p class="p0">worker.tomcat2.port=12009</p><p class="p0">worker.tomcat2.host=localhost</p><p class="p0">worker.tomcat2.type=ajp13</p><p class="p0">worker.tomcat2.lbfactor = 1</p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">#========controller,<span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">负载均衡控制器</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">========</span></p><p class="p0">worker.controller.type=lb</p><p class="p0">worker.controller.balanced_workers=tomcat1,tomcat2</p><p class="p0">worker.controller.sticky_session=1</p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">（解释一下<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">AJP13</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">是 </span>Apache JServ Protocol version 1.3）</p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">将mod_jk-apache-2.0.59.so 复制到<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">Apache</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">的</span>modules目录中。</p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">接下来配置<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">2</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">个</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">Tomcat</span></p><p class="p0">打开tomcat1\conf\ server.xml</p><p class="p0">将Server port 改为11005</p><p class="p0"><Server port="11005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"></p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">将Define Connector port改为11080</p><p class="p0"><Connector port="11080" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192"</p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">将<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">AJP13 </span>Connector port改为11009</p><p class="p0"><Connector port="11009" enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" protocol="AJP/1.3" /></p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">打开tomcat2\conf\server.xml</p><p class="p0">将Server port 改为12005</p><p class="p0"><Server port="12005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"></p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">将Define Connector port改为12080</p><p class="p0"><Connector port="12080" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192"</p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">将<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">AJP13 </span>Connector port改为12009</p><p class="p0"><Connector port="12009" enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" protocol="AJP/1.3" /></p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">好了，现在建立一个测试程序</p><p class="p0">分别在两个<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">Tomcat</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">的</span>webapps中建立test目录，并新建test.jsp文件，内容如下：</p><p class="p0"><%</p><p class="p0">System.out.println("===========");</p><p class="p0">%></p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">启动<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">apache, tomcat1, tomcat2</span></p><p class="p0">访问<a href="http://localhost:8080/test/test.jsp">http://localhost:8080/test/test.jsp</a> （或者 http://localhost/test/test.jsp）不断刷新页面，可以在两个<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">Tomcat</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">的控制台中看到，交替输出</span>"===========", <span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">这样就实现了负载均衡。</span></p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">三、 集群配置</p><p class="p0">集群除了负载均衡，另一个主要功能是Session Replication。</p><p class="p0">打开tomcat1\conf\ server.xml将<Cluster><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">部分的注释去掉。</span></p><p class="p0">再打开tomcat2\conf\ server.xml将<Cluster><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">部分的注释也去掉，并将</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman"><</span>Cluster><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">中</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman"><</span>Receiver><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">的</span>tcpListenPort的值改为4002。以避免与<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">Tomcat1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">冲突。</span></p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">添加一个新的测试程序<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">test2.jsp</span></p><p class="p0"><%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=GBK" %></p><p class="p0"><%@ page import="java.util.*" %></p><p class="p0"><html><head><title>Cluster App Test</title></head></p><p class="p0"><body></p><p class="p0">Server Info:</p><p class="p0"><%</p><p class="p0">out.println(request.getLocalAddr() + " : " + request.getLocalPort()+"<br>");%></p><p class="p0"><%</p><p class="p0"> out.println("<br> ID " + session.getId()+"<br>");</p><p class="p0"> // <span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">如果有新的 </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">Session </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">属性设置</span></p><p class="p0"> String dataName = request.getParameter("dataName");</p><p class="p0"> if (dataName != null && dataName.length() > 0) {</p><p class="p0"> String dataValue = request.getParameter("dataValue");</p><p class="p0"> session.setAttribute(dataName, dataValue);</p><p class="p0"> }</p><p class="p0"> out.println("<b>Session <span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">列表</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman"></b><br>");</span></p><p class="p0"> System.out.println("============================");</p><p class="p0"> Enumeration e = session.getAttributeNames();</p><p class="p0"> while (e.hasMoreElements()) {</p><p class="p0"> String name = (String)e.nextElement();</p><p class="p0"> String value = session.getAttribute(name).toString();</p><p class="p0"> out.println( name + " = " + value+"<br>");</p><p class="p0"> System.out.println( name + " = " + value);</p><p class="p0"> }</p><p class="p0">%></p><p class="p0"> <form action="test2.jsp" method="POST"></p><p class="p0"> 名称<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">:<input type=text size=20 name="dataName"></span></p><p class="p0"> <br></p><p class="p0"> 值<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">:<input type=text size=20 name="dataValue"></span></p><p class="p0"> <br></p><p class="p0"> <input type=submit></p><p class="p0"> </form></p><p class="p0"></body></p><p class="p0"></html></p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">分别在<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">2</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">个</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">tomcat</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">的</span>webapps\test中新建WEB-INF目录，在WEB-INF中添加web.xml内容如下：</p><p class="p0"><web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" version="2.4"></p><p class="p0"> <display-name>TomcatDemo</display-name></p><p class="p0"> <distributable/></p><p class="p0"></web-app></p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">主要是添加<distributable/>，distributable<span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">元素</span>用来告诉<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">servlet</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">容器，</span>程序将部署在分布式<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">Web</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">容器</span>中。</p><p class="p0">重新启动<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">tomcat1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">和</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">tomcat2. </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">访问</span><a href="http://localhost:8080/test/test2.jsp">http://localhost:8080/test/test2.jsp</a> （或<a href="http://localhost/test/test2.jsp">http://localhost/test/test2.jsp</a>）</p><p class="p0">随意添加<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">key-value, </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">可以看到两个</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">tomcat</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">交替显示</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">session</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">中的值，各个</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">tomcat</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">的</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">session</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">是同步的。</span></p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">再来修改tomcat1\conf\server.xml，找到</p><p class="p0"><Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost"></p><p class="p0">为其添加jvmRoute属性，值为<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">apache</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">的</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">conf\</span>workers.properties中配置的<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">tomcat</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">名字。</span></p><p class="p0"><Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat1"></p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">同样修改tomcat2\conf\server.xml的相同部分</p><p class="p0"><Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat2"></p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">jvmRoute<span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">是</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">tomcat</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">路由标示，由此区分两台</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">tomcat</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">主机。一次会话，就有一个</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">sessionID</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">，这个</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">sessionID</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">后面会跟上</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">jvmRoute</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">设置的值，这样一次会话，就只会让一个</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">tomcat</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">处理。</span></p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">重新启动<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">tomcat1, tomcat2</span></p><p class="p0">访问<a href="http://localhost:8080/test/test2.jsp">http://localhost:8080/test/test2.jsp</a> 可以看到session.getId()的值在原<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">session id</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">后面多了</span>jvmRoute的值。</p><p class="p0">ID 46A5843FF4A1E0A84338225AC02F6430.tomcat1</p><p class="p0">随意添加<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">key-value</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">，可以看到</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">session</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">信息只在</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">tomcat1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">中输出。</span></p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">再打开一个浏览器，并访问<a href="http://localhost:8080/test/test2.jsp">http://localhost:8080/test/test2.jsp</a> 其<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">session id</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">可能变为</span></p><p class="p0">ID 11478E5BE5FE388E4845205B4133A30F.tomcat2</p><p class="p0">其值也只会在<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">tomcat2</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">中输出。</span></p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">现在把<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">tomcat1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">关闭，再次刷新访问</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">tomcat1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">的那个浏览器，可以看到</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">session</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">信息输出到了</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">tomcat2</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">的控制台中，并且</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">session</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">信息仍然保留着。</span></p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">附件</p><p class="p0">Apache与Tomcat集群配置整个压缩包下载：<a target="_blank" href="http://files.cnblogs.com/obullxl/Tomcat%E9%9B%86%E7%BE%A4%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE.rar">Apache+Tomcat集群配置</a></p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">参考文章</p><p class="p0"><a href="http://hi.baidu.com/luodaijun/blog/item/5bbe4cfb5ffef864034f56a1.html">http://hi.baidu.com/luodaijun/blog/item/5bbe4cfb5ffef864034f56a1.html</a></p><p class="p0"><a href="http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/java/l-jetspeed/">http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/java/l-jetspeed/</a></p><p class="p0"><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-5.0-doc/balancer-howto.html">http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-5.0-doc/balancer-howto.html</a></p><p class="p0"><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-5.0-doc/cluster-howto.html">http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-5.0-doc/cluster-howto.html</a></p><p class="p0"><a href="http://hi.baidu.com/abocai/blog/item/c18314f4d8e4a1ef7609d70f.html">http://hi.baidu.com/abocai/blog/item/c18314f4d8e4a1ef7609d70f.html</a></p><p class="p0"><a href="http://hi.baidu.com/injava/blog/item/c8df882f136f21391e30896d.html">http://hi.baidu.com/injava/blog/item/c8df882f136f21391e30896d.html</a></p><p class="p0"> </p><p class="p0">另外推荐一篇文章《Remotely monitor Tomcat clusters using MC4J》，使用<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">JMX</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">技术监测</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">Tomcat</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">集群。</span></p><p class="p0">中文名《用<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">MC4J</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">远程监测</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">Tomcat</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">集群</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">-JMX</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">技术助力</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;" face="Times New Roman">Tomcat</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;" face="宋体">》</span></p><p class="p0">英文地址 <a href="http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-08-2005/jw-0801-jmx.html">http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-08-2005/jw-0801-jmx.html</a></p><p class="p0">中文地址 <a href="http://www.matrix.org.cn/resource/article/2005-09-01/Tomcat_MC4J_43706.html">http://www.matrix.org.cn/resource/article/2005-09-01/Tomcat_MC4J_43706.html</a></p></div><img src="http://counter.cnblogs.com/blog/rss/2076280" width="1" height="1" alt=""/><br/><p>本文链接：<a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/obullxl/archive/2011/06/09/apache-tomcat-cluster-config.html" target="_blank">http://www.cnblogs.com/obullxl/archive/2011/06/09/apache-tomcat-cluster-config.html</a>，转载请注明。</p>
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