diff --git a/.changeset/many-zoos-scream.md b/.changeset/many-zoos-scream.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f13a40586e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/many-zoos-scream.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'@primer/view-components': patch
+---
+
+[SelectPanel] Raise an error when remote fetch + hidden filter argument combo
diff --git a/app/components/primer/alpha/select_panel.rb b/app/components/primer/alpha/select_panel.rb
index 04ba3cd1e7..a0e8d83311 100644
--- a/app/components/primer/alpha/select_panel.rb
+++ b/app/components/primer/alpha/select_panel.rb
@@ -453,6 +453,18 @@ def initialize(
             label: "#{title} options"
           }
         )
+
+        return if @show_filter || @fetch_strategy != :remote
+        return if shouldnt_raise_error?
+
+        raise(
+          "Hiding the filter input with a remote fetch strategy is not permitted, "\
+          "since such a combinaton of options will cause the component to only "\
+          "fetch items from the server once when the panel opens for the first time; "\
+          "this is what the `:eventually_local` fetch strategy is designed to do. "\
+          "Consider passing `show_filter: true` or use the `:eventually_local` fetch "\
+          "strategy instead."
+        )
       end
 
       # @!parse
diff --git a/previews/primer/alpha/select_panel_preview.rb b/previews/primer/alpha/select_panel_preview.rb
index 786c264079..6d809a180c 100644
--- a/previews/primer/alpha/select_panel_preview.rb
+++ b/previews/primer/alpha/select_panel_preview.rb
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ class SelectPanelPreview < ViewComponent::Preview
       # @param dynamic_label toggle
       # @param dynamic_label_prefix text
       # @param dynamic_aria_label_prefix text
-      # @param show_filter toggle
       # @param open_on_load toggle
       # @param anchor_align [Symbol] select [start, center, end]
       # @param anchor_side [Symbol] select [outside_bottom, outside_top, outside_left, outside_right]
@@ -29,7 +28,6 @@ def playground(
         dynamic_label: false,
         dynamic_label_prefix: nil,
         dynamic_aria_label_prefix: nil,
-        show_filter: true,
         open_on_load: false,
         anchor_align: :start,
         anchor_side: :outside_bottom,
@@ -47,7 +45,6 @@ def playground(
             dynamic_label: dynamic_label,
             dynamic_label_prefix: dynamic_label_prefix,
             dynamic_aria_label_prefix: dynamic_aria_label_prefix,
-            show_filter: show_filter,
             open_on_load: open_on_load,
             anchor_align: anchor_align,
             anchor_side: anchor_side
@@ -59,9 +56,11 @@ def playground(
       #
       # @snapshot interactive
       # @param open_on_load toggle
-      def default(open_on_load: false)
+      # @param show_filter toggle
+      def default(open_on_load: false, show_filter: true)
         render_with_template(template: "primer/alpha/select_panel_preview/local_fetch", locals: {
-          open_on_load: open_on_load
+          open_on_load: open_on_load,
+          show_filter: show_filter
         })
       end
 
@@ -69,8 +68,9 @@ def default(open_on_load: false)
       #
       # @snapshot interactive
       # @param open_on_load toggle
-      def local_fetch(open_on_load: false)
-        render_with_template(locals: { open_on_load: open_on_load })
+      # @param show_filter toggle
+      def local_fetch(open_on_load: false, show_filter: true)
+        render_with_template(locals: { open_on_load: open_on_load, show_filter: show_filter })
       end
 
       # @label Eventually local fetch
diff --git a/previews/primer/alpha/select_panel_preview/local_fetch.html.erb b/previews/primer/alpha/select_panel_preview/local_fetch.html.erb
index a6847b9c59..6b1976b7e1 100644
--- a/previews/primer/alpha/select_panel_preview/local_fetch.html.erb
+++ b/previews/primer/alpha/select_panel_preview/local_fetch.html.erb
@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@
   data: { interaction_subject: subject_id },
   select_variant: :multiple,
   fetch_strategy: :local,
-  open_on_load: open_on_load
+  open_on_load: open_on_load,
+  show_filter: show_filter,
 )) do |panel| %>
   <% panel.with_show_button { "Panel" } %>
   <% panel.with_item(label: "Item 1") %>
diff --git a/test/components/alpha/select_panel_test.rb b/test/components/alpha/select_panel_test.rb
index 56e8471aaa..1b97d5c8ff 100644
--- a/test/components/alpha/select_panel_test.rb
+++ b/test/components/alpha/select_panel_test.rb
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ def test_renders_a_filter_input
       end
 
       def test_does_not_render_a_filter_input
-        render_inline(Primer::Alpha::SelectPanel.new(show_filter: false))
+        render_inline(Primer::Alpha::SelectPanel.new(fetch_strategy: :local, show_filter: false))
 
         refute_selector("primer-text-field")
       end
@@ -102,6 +102,16 @@ def test_renders_close_button
         assert_selector "select-panel button[data-close-dialog-id='#{panel_id}-dialog']"
       end
 
+      def test_raises_if_remote_strategy_and_hidden_filter_used_together
+        with_raise_on_invalid_options(true) do
+          error = assert_raises do
+            render_inline(Primer::Alpha::SelectPanel.new(fetch_strategy: :remote, show_filter: false))
+          end
+
+          assert_includes error.message, "Hiding the filter input with a remote fetch strategy is not permitted"
+        end
+      end
+
       def test_raises_if_role_given
         with_raise_on_invalid_options(true) do
           error = assert_raises do