diff --git a/lib/internal/crypto/ec.js b/lib/internal/crypto/ec.js
index 248bba57ad2c3f..c8a1f834b93f9f 100644
--- a/lib/internal/crypto/ec.js
+++ b/lib/internal/crypto/ec.js
@@ -166,7 +166,25 @@ async function ecGenerateKey(algorithm, extractable, keyUsages) {
       // Fall through
   }
   return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-    generateKeyPair('ec', { namedCurve }, (err, pubKey, privKey) => {
+    let generate;
+    switch (namedCurve) {
+      case 'NODE-ED25519':
+        generate = generateKeyPair.bind(undefined, 'ed25519');
+        break;
+      case 'NODE-ED448':
+        generate = generateKeyPair.bind(undefined, 'ed448');
+        break;
+      case 'NODE-X25519':
+        generate = generateKeyPair.bind(undefined, 'x25519');
+        break;
+      case 'NODE-X448':
+        generate = generateKeyPair.bind(undefined, 'x448');
+        break;
+      default:
+        generate = generateKeyPair.bind(undefined, 'ec', { namedCurve });
+        break;
+    }
+    generate((err, pubKey, privKey) => {
       if (err) {
         return reject(lazyDOMException(
           'The operation failed for an operation-specific reason',
diff --git a/src/crypto/crypto_ec.cc b/src/crypto/crypto_ec.cc
index c764124bdd0d6f..b0bbda2294b66e 100644
--- a/src/crypto/crypto_ec.cc
+++ b/src/crypto/crypto_ec.cc
@@ -36,18 +36,6 @@ int GetCurveFromName(const char* name) {
   int nid = EC_curve_nist2nid(name);
   if (nid == NID_undef)
     nid = OBJ_sn2nid(name);
-  // If there is still no match, check manually for known curves
-  if (nid == NID_undef) {
-    if (strcmp(name, "NODE-ED25519") == 0) {
-      nid = EVP_PKEY_ED25519;
-    } else if (strcmp(name, "NODE-ED448") == 0) {
-      nid = EVP_PKEY_ED448;
-    } else if (strcmp(name, "NODE-X25519") == 0) {
-      nid = EVP_PKEY_X25519;
-    } else if (strcmp(name, "NODE-X448") == 0) {
-      nid = EVP_PKEY_X448;
-    }
-  }
   return nid;
 }
 
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-crypto-keygen.js b/test/parallel/test-crypto-keygen.js
index c27d5fe166220e..b80b35135743d9 100644
--- a/test/parallel/test-crypto-keygen.js
+++ b/test/parallel/test-crypto-keygen.js
@@ -1283,3 +1283,19 @@ const sec1EncExp = (cipher) => getRegExpForPEM('EC PRIVATE KEY', cipher);
     }));
   }
 }
+
+{
+  // Proprietary Web Cryptography API ECDH/ECDSA namedCurve parameters
+  // should not be recognized in this API.
+  // See https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/37055
+  const curves = ['NODE-ED25519', 'NODE-ED448', 'NODE-X25519', 'NODE-X448'];
+  for (const namedCurve of curves) {
+    assert.throws(
+      () => generateKeyPair('ec', { namedCurve }, common.mustNotCall()),
+      {
+        name: 'TypeError',
+        message: 'Invalid EC curve name'
+      }
+    );
+  }
+}