diff --git a/dsp/pdm.tex b/dsp/pdm.tex index b2ae9fb..ebbcb30 100644 --- a/dsp/pdm.tex +++ b/dsp/pdm.tex @@ -113,6 +113,25 @@ \pgfusepath{draw} } } +\pgfdeclareshape{decimation}{ + \inheritsavedanchors[from=rectangle] + \inheritanchorborder[from=rectangle] + \inheritanchor[from=rectangle]{center} + \anchor{left}{\pgfpoint{-0.5cm}{0.0cm}} + \anchor{right}{\pgfpoint{0.5cm}{0.0cm}} + \anchor{top}{\pgfpoint{0.0cm}{0.5cm}} + \anchor{bot}{\pgfpoint{0.0cm}{-0.5cm}} + \backgroundpath{ + \pgfsetlinewidth{0.8pt} + \pgfpathrectanglecorners{\pgfpoint{-0.5cm}{-0.5cm}}{\pgfpoint{0.5cm}{0.5cm}} + \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint{-0.25cm}{0.25cm}} + \pgfpathlineto{\pgfpoint{-0.25cm}{-0.25cm}} + \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint{-0.30cm}{-0.185cm}} + \pgfpathlineto{\pgfpoint{-0.25cm}{-0.25cm}} + \pgfpathlineto{\pgfpoint{-0.20cm}{-0.185cm}} + \pgfusepath{draw} + } +} % \ctikzset{tripoles/op amp/width/.initial=.8} % \pgfcircdeclarebipole{}{\ctikzvalof{bipoles/op amp/width}}{opamp}{\ctikzvalof{bipoles/op amp/width}}{ % \pgf@circ@res@step = \ctikzvalof{bipoles/op amp/width}\pgf@circ@Rlen @@ -212,8 +231,8 @@ @article{article:dsm, author={Razavi, Behzad}, - journal={IEEE Solid-State Circuits Magazine}, - title={The Delta-Sigma Modulator [A Circuit for All Seasons]}, + journal={IEEE Solid-State Circuits Magazine}, + title={The Delta-Sigma Modulator [A Circuit for All Seasons]}, year={2016}, volume={8}, number={2}, @@ -591,6 +610,55 @@ \subsection{Delta-Sigma Modulator} \label{fig:dsint} \end{figure} +\begin{figure}[H] + \centering + \begin{circuitikz}[scale=1, transform shape] + \draw (0,0) coordinate(origin) to[short, -o] ++(-1, 0) node[left]{$V_{in}$}; + \draw (origin) node[inputarrow]{} node[dflowpass, anchor=left](alp){}; + \draw (alp.right) to[short] ++(1,0) node[inputarrow]{} node[adder, anchor=left](sum){}; + \draw (sum.left) ++(-0.25,0) node[above]{$+$}; % + + \draw (sum.south) ++(0,-0.25) node[left]{$-$}; % - + \draw (sum.right) to[short] ++(1,0) node[inputarrow]{} node[twoportshape, anchor=left, t=$\int$](sigma){}; + \draw (sigma.right) to[short] ++(1,0) node[inputarrow]{} node[quantizer, anchor=left](quant){}; + \draw (quant.right) to[short, -*] ++(1,0) coordinate(quantsplit) to[short] ++(1,0) node[inputarrow]{} node[right]{$D_{out}$}; + \draw (quantsplit) to[short] ++(0,-1.5) coordinate(qsbot) to[short] (qsbot-| sum) coordinate(fb); + \draw (fb) to[short] (sum.south) node[inputarrow, rotate=90]{}; + % \draw (quant.top) ++(0,0.5) coordinate(clkpos) to[short] (quant.top) node[inputarrow, rotate=-90]{} + % (clkpos) node[right]{\tiny CLK}; + % Text Labels + \draw (alp) ++(0,1.25) node[above]{\parbox{2cm}{\centering\scriptsize Analog Lowpass filter}}; + \draw (sum) ++(0,1.25) node[above]{\parbox{2cm}{\centering\Large $\Delta$}}; + \draw (sigma) ++(0,1.25) node[above]{\parbox{2cm}{\centering\Large $\Sigma$}}; + \draw (quant) ++(0,1.25) node[above]{\parbox{1.5cm}{\centering\scriptsize 1-bit Quantizer}}; + \draw (fb) node[left]{$V_{f}$}; + \end{circuitikz} + \caption{Simplified Logical Steps Converting Analog to PDM Digital Signal using DSM.} + \label{fig:adcpdm} +\end{figure} + +\begin{figure}[H] + \centering + \begin{circuitikz}[scale=1, transform shape] + \draw (0,0) coordinate(origin) to[short, -o] ++(-1, 0) node[left]{$D_{in}$}; + \draw (origin) node[inputarrow]{} node[dflowpass, anchor=left](dlp){}; + \draw (dlp.right) to[short] ++(1,0) node[inputarrow]{} + node[decimation, anchor=left](deci){} (deci.center) ++(0.08cm,0) node[]{M}; + \draw (deci.right) to[short] ++(1,0) node[inputarrow]{} + node[dfhighpass, anchor=left](dhp){}; + \draw (dhp.right) to[short] ++(1,0) node[inputarrow]{} + node[twoportshape, anchor=left, t={x}](gain){}; + \draw (gain.right) to[short] ++(1,0) node[inputarrow]{} + node[right]{\small PCM}; + % Text Labels + \draw (dlp) ++(0, 1) node[above]{\parbox{2cm}{\centering\scriptsize Digital Lowpass filter}}; + \draw (deci) ++(0, 1) node[above]{\parbox{2cm}{\centering\scriptsize Decimation}}; + \draw (dhp) ++(0, 1) node[above]{\parbox{2cm}{\centering\scriptsize Digital Highpass filter}}; + \draw (gain) ++(0, 1) node[above]{\parbox{2cm}{\centering\scriptsize Gain}}; + \end{circuitikz} + \caption{Simplified Logical Steps Converting PDM Digital Signal to Analog Signal.} + \label{fig:pdm2pcm} +\end{figure} + \newpage \printbibliography \end{document}