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Makefile-README.md

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SV-COMP C Benchmark Makefile build system

The C Benchmarks come with a Makefile build system designed to make it easy to check that sources can be compiled.

The build system currently support Clang and GCC compilers.

Useful Makefile variables

There are a few Makefile variables that can be set from the command line that are worth knowing about

  • CC - The C compiler to use
  • EMIT_LLVM - Clang only If 1 emit LLVM bitcode files. If 0 emit native object files. This is useful if a verification tool takes LLVM bitcode as input.
  • PREFER_I_FILES - When two source files exist with the same name (e.g. foo.c and foo.i) decide which to use. If 1 the *.i file will be used. If 0 the *.c file will be used.
  • REPORT_CC_FILE - If 1 report the file being compiled on standard output. If 0 do not report. If 2 report compilation in a way that keeps output small which is useful for the TravisCI build which sets a limit of the log size.
  • SET_FILES - See "Set files mode" section.
  • SUPPRESS_WARNINGS - If 1 suppress all compiler warnings. If 0 do not suppress compiler warnings and pass warning flags as set in Makefile.config.
  • SYNTAX_ONLY - If 1 the compiler will only do a syntax check and will not create real object files. If 0 the compiler will create real object files. This option is ignored if EMIT_LLVM is enabled.
  • VERBOSE - If 1 be more verbose, if 0 do not. e.g.
$ make CC=clang VERBOSE=1

See Makefile.config for the default values.

Building the benchmarks

Benchmarks are built "out of source" in a directory called bin/ in the top level directory. The contents of bin/ mirrors the structure of the sources.

All benchmarks

From the top level directory (i.e. the directory containing Makefile.config) run

$ make

Remember to pass -j<N> to build multiple benchmarks in parallel (where <N> is the number of jobs).

All benchmarks in a directory

To build all benchmarks in particular directory (and in its children)

$ cd <DIR>
$ make

where <DIR> is the directory you wish to build

A single benchmark

To build a particular benchmark run

$ cd <DIR>
$ make <NAME>.<OBJ_SUFFIX>

where <DIR> is the directory containing the benchmark, <NAME> is the name of benchmark without a suffix and <OBJ_SUFFIX> is oc if you wish to build from <NAME>.c or oi if you wish to build from <NAME>.i. Tab completion is your friend here.

Here's some concrete examples:

This uses standard_copy5_true-unreach-call_ground.i as the source file.

$ cd array-examples/
$ make standard_copy5_true-unreach-call_ground.oi

This uses standard_copy5_true-unreach-call_ground.c as the source file.

$ cd array-examples/
$ make standard_copy5_true-unreach-call_ground.oc

Cleaning

To remove build files run

$ make clean

If run from the top-level directory this will clean all build files. If run from a sub directory it will only clean all build files relevant to that directory and its child directories.

Adding a new benchmark

Simply add the benchmark (*.c or *.i file) to a directory of your choice and the build system will detect it automatically.

Adding a new benchmark directory

In these instructions replace <DIR> with the directory name you wish to add

  1. Create the new directory

    $ mkdir <DIR>

  2. Add a Makefile in <DIR>. The most basic Makefile is

    LEVEL := <REL_PATH>
include $(LEVEL)/Makefile.config

    Where <REL_PATH> is the prefix required to access the Makefile.config file from <DIR>. E.g. ../

The contents of a Makefile

A Makefile in each directory will automatically add targets for all C source files (*.c and *.i) implicitly unless SKIP_LEVEL is defined. If a file exists with the same prefix (e.g. foo.c and foo.i) the file used for compilation is determined by the value of PREFER_I_FILES. The decision to make declaring source files implicit is a practical decision because it would be very cumbersome to specify all the benchmarks given the large number in the repository. It also means that no modifications to the build system are required when addng a new source file.

If for some reason some sources need to be ignored you should add them to the IGNORE_SRCS variable.

IGNORE_SRCS := file1.c file2.c file3.c file4.i

A Makefile will also implicitly traverse sub directories relative to the Makefile when processing the all target (the default target). If for some reason some directories need be ignored you should add them to the IGNORE_DIRS variable.

# Ignores directories `foo/` and `bar/`
IGNORE_DIRS := ./foo/ ./bar/

If you need to modify the flags passed to the compiler you can do so here. For example

CC.Flags := -g

Will add the -g flag to the compilations flags. Note: Sub directories will inherit the values of CC.Flags when makefile recursion happens so you need to be very careful when setting this variable.

Every Makefile must declare LEVEL which is a relative path prefix to access the top-level directory.

Every Makefile must end with the line

include $(LEVEL)/Makefile.config

Disable warnings for some directory

By default all compiler warnings trigger an error. To disable this behavior for some warning, add one of the following lines to the Makefile in the respective directory, depending on which compiler issues the warning:

COMMON_WARNINGS := -Wno-error=<warning>
GCC_WARNINGS := -Wno-error=<warning>
CLANG_WARNINGS := -Wno-error=<warning>

To silence the warning completely such that it is not shown, use -Wno-<warning> instead of -Wno-error=<warning>. This may be necessary to reduce the amount of output to a reasonable level.

To disable and silence all warnings completely in a directory, add the following line to its Makefile:

SUPPRESS_WARNINGS := 1

Please do so only as a last resort if disabling individual warnings is not possible.

To disable a specific warning for the whole repository, add an appropriate line to the definition of DEFAULT_(COMMON|GCC|CLANG)_WARNINGS in Makefile.config.

Makefile.config

This file contains the configuration to use when building. If you want to change the flags used for building globally then this is the place to do it.

Makefile.rules

This file contains the makefile rules to perform the build. If you wish to add a new target and change how compilation is done then this is the place to do it.

Set files mode

The build system normally builds every source that it finds in a directory where the explored directories are those implicitly found.

The build system has an alternative mode called "Set files mode" mode where the build system will

  • Only build benchmarks listed in a particular set of *.set files (i.e. the behaviour of building every source file in a directory is overriden).

This mode is useful if you only need to build a particular set of benchmarks. There are three ways to use this mode, all of which basically set the SET_FILES makefile variable to a list of set files.

  • Edit Makefile.config and set the SET_FILES variable to a space separated list of *.set files in the top level directory (e.g. Floats.set).

    SET_FILES := BusyBox.set Floats.set

  • Set the SET_FILES variable on the command line. This is a bit more cumbersome but can be useful for quick testing.

    $ make SET_FILES="BusyBox.set Floats.set"

  • Set SET_FILES as environment variable. Be very careful doing it this way. It's easy to forget that this environment variable is set and consequently think that all the benchmarks are being built!

    $ export SET_FILES="BusyBox.set Floats.set"
$ make

This mode is not on by default because all sources that live in the repository SHOULD BE POSSIBLE TO COMPILE ALL SOURCES IN THE REPOSITORY.

Please also note that set files may contain wildcards but in filenames ONLY. Wildcards may not be used for directory names.