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Create Simple ChatBot

To run the code shown on this page, open the MLX file in MATLAB®: mlx-scripts/CreateSimpleChatBot.mlx

This example shows how to create a simple chatbot using the openAIChat and messageHistory functions.

When you run this example, an interactive AI chat starts in the MATLAB® Command Window. To leave the chat, type "end" or press Ctrl+C.

  • This example includes three steps:
  • Define model parameters, such as the maximum word count, and a stop word.
  • Create an openAIChat object and set up a meta prompt.
  • Set up the chat loop.

To run this example, you need a valid API key from a paid OpenAI™ API account.

Setup Model

Set the maximum allowable number of words per chat session and define the keyword that, when entered by the user, ends the chat session. This example uses the model o1.

wordLimit = 2000;
stopWord = "end";
modelName = "o1";

Create an instance of openAIChat to perform the chat and messageHistory to store the conversation history.

chat = openAIChat("You are a helpful assistant. You reply in a very concise way, keeping answers limited to short sentences.", ModelName=modelName);
messages = messageHistory;

Chat loop

Start the chat and keep it going until it sees the word in stopWord.

totalWords = 0;
messagesSizes = [];

The main loop continues indefinitely until you input the stop word or press Ctrl+C.

while true
    query = input("User: ", "s");
    query = string(query);
    disp("User: " + query)

If you input the stop word, display a farewell message and exit the loop.

    if query == stopWord
        disp("AI: Closing the chat. Have a great day!")
        break;
    end

    numWordsQuery = countNumWords(query);

If the query exceeds the word limit, display an error message and halt execution.

    if numWordsQuery>wordLimit
        error("Your query should have less than 2000 words. You query had " + numWordsQuery + " words")
    end

Keep track of the size of each message and the total number of words used so far.

    messagesSizes = [messagesSizes; numWordsQuery]; %#ok
    totalWords = totalWords + numWordsQuery;

If the total word count exceeds the limit, remove messages from the start of the session until it no longer does.

    while totalWords > wordLimit
        totalWords = totalWords - messagesSizes(1);
        messages = removeMessage(messages, 1);
        messagesSizes(1) = [];
    end

Add the new message to the session and generate a new response.

    messages = addUserMessage(messages, query);
    [text, response] = generate(chat, messages);
    
    disp("AI: " + text)

Count the number of words in the response and update the total word count.

    numWordsResponse = countNumWords(text);
    messagesSizes = [messagesSizes; numWordsResponse]; %#ok
    totalWords = totalWords + numWordsResponse;

Add the response to the session.

    messages = addResponseMessage(messages, response);
end
User: Hello, how much do you know about physics?
AI: I have broad knowledge spanning classical, relativistic, and quantum physics.
User: What is torque?
AI: Torque is a measure of how a force causes rotational motion around an axis.
User: What is force?
AI: Force is an interaction that changes an object's state of motion.
User: What is motion?
AI: Motion is the change in an object's position over time.
User: What is time?
AI: Time is the dimension in which events occur sequentially from past to future.
User: end
AI: Closing the chat. Have a great day!

countNumWords function

Function to count the number of words in a text string

function numWords = countNumWords(text)
    numWords = doclength(tokenizedDocument(text));
end

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