Arduino.h

/* 
 * File:   Arduino.h
 * Author: mat
 *
 * Created on 21 June 2014, 02:34
 */

#ifndef ARDUINO_H
#define	ARDUINO_H

#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define __arm__

//#define SPARK

#define NO_SDCARD

#define DEVICE 1

#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>



// When compiling programs with this class, the following gcc parameters
// dramatically increase performance and memory (RAM) efficiency, typically
// with little or no increase in code size.
//     -felide-constructors
//     -std=c++0x

class __FlashStringHelper;
#define F(X) (X)

// An inherited class for holding the result of a concatenation.  These
// result objects are assumed to be writable by subsequent concatenations.
class StringSumHelper;

// The string class
class String
{
	// use a function pointer to allow for "if (s)" without the
	// complications of an operator bool(). for more information, see:
	// http://www.artima.com/cppsource/safebool.html
	typedef void (String::*StringIfHelperType)() const;
	void StringIfHelper() const {}

public:
	// constructors
	// creates a copy of the initial value.
	// if the initial value is null or invalid, or if memory allocation
	// fails, the string will be marked as invalid (i.e. "if (s)" will
	// be false).
	String(const char *cstr = "");
	String(const String &str);
	#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
	String(String &&rval);
	String(StringSumHelper &&rval);
	#endif
	explicit String(char c);
	explicit String(unsigned char, unsigned char base=10);
	explicit String(int, unsigned char base=10);
	explicit String(unsigned int, unsigned char base=10);
	explicit String(long, unsigned char base=10);
	explicit String(unsigned long, unsigned char base=10);
    explicit String(float, int decimalPlaces=6);
    explicit String(double, int decimalPlaces=6);
	~String(void);

	// memory management
	// return true on success, false on failure (in which case, the string
	// is left unchanged).  reserve(0), if successful, will validate an
	// invalid string (i.e., "if (s)" will be true afterwards)
	unsigned char reserve(unsigned int size);
	inline unsigned int length(void) const {return len;}

	// creates a copy of the assigned value.  if the value is null or
	// invalid, or if the memory allocation fails, the string will be 
	// marked as invalid ("if (s)" will be false).
	String & operator = (const String &rhs);
	String & operator = (const char *cstr);
	#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
	String & operator = (String &&rval);
	String & operator = (StringSumHelper &&rval);
	#endif

	// concatenate (works w/ built-in types)
	
	// returns true on success, false on failure (in which case, the string
	// is left unchanged).  if the argument is null or invalid, the 
	// concatenation is considered unsucessful.  
	unsigned char concat(const String &str);
	unsigned char concat(const char *cstr);
	unsigned char concat(char c);
	unsigned char concat(unsigned char c);
	unsigned char concat(int num);
	unsigned char concat(unsigned int num);
	unsigned char concat(long num);
	unsigned char concat(unsigned long num);
	unsigned char concat(float num);
	unsigned char concat(double num);
	
	// if there's not enough memory for the concatenated value, the string
	// will be left unchanged (but this isn't signalled in any way)
	String & operator += (const String &rhs)	{concat(rhs); return (*this);}
	String & operator += (const char *cstr)		{concat(cstr); return (*this);}
	String & operator += (char c)			{concat(c); return (*this);}
	String & operator += (unsigned char num)		{concat(num); return (*this);}
	String & operator += (int num)			{concat(num); return (*this);}
	String & operator += (unsigned int num)		{concat(num); return (*this);}
	String & operator += (long num)			{concat(num); return (*this);}
	String & operator += (unsigned long num)	{concat(num); return (*this);}

	friend StringSumHelper & operator + (const StringSumHelper &lhs, const String &rhs);
	friend StringSumHelper & operator + (const StringSumHelper &lhs, const char *cstr);
	friend StringSumHelper & operator + (const StringSumHelper &lhs, char c);
	friend StringSumHelper & operator + (const StringSumHelper &lhs, unsigned char num);
	friend StringSumHelper & operator + (const StringSumHelper &lhs, int num);
	friend StringSumHelper & operator + (const StringSumHelper &lhs, unsigned int num);
	friend StringSumHelper & operator + (const StringSumHelper &lhs, long num);
	friend StringSumHelper & operator + (const StringSumHelper &lhs, unsigned long num);
	friend StringSumHelper & operator + (const StringSumHelper &lhs, float num);
	friend StringSumHelper & operator + (const StringSumHelper &lhs, double num);

	// comparison (only works w/ Strings and "strings")
	operator StringIfHelperType() const { return buffer ? &String::StringIfHelper : 0; }
	int compareTo(const String &s) const;
	unsigned char equals(const String &s) const;
	unsigned char equals(const char *cstr) const;
	unsigned char operator == (const String &rhs) const {return equals(rhs);}
	unsigned char operator == (const char *cstr) const {return equals(cstr);}
	unsigned char operator != (const String &rhs) const {return !equals(rhs);}
	unsigned char operator != (const char *cstr) const {return !equals(cstr);}
	unsigned char operator <  (const String &rhs) const;
	unsigned char operator >  (const String &rhs) const;
	unsigned char operator <= (const String &rhs) const;
	unsigned char operator >= (const String &rhs) const;
	unsigned char equalsIgnoreCase(const String &s) const;
	unsigned char startsWith( const String &prefix) const;
	unsigned char startsWith(const String &prefix, unsigned int offset) const;
	unsigned char endsWith(const String &suffix) const;

	// character acccess
	char charAt(unsigned int index) const;
	void setCharAt(unsigned int index, char c);
	char operator [] (unsigned int index) const;
	char& operator [] (unsigned int index);
	void getBytes(unsigned char *buf, unsigned int bufsize, unsigned int index=0) const;
	void toCharArray(char *buf, unsigned int bufsize, unsigned int index=0) const
		{getBytes((unsigned char *)buf, bufsize, index);}
	const char * c_str() const { return buffer; }

	// search
	int indexOf( char ch ) const;
	int indexOf( char ch, unsigned int fromIndex ) const;
	int indexOf( const String &str ) const;
	int indexOf( const String &str, unsigned int fromIndex ) const;
	int lastIndexOf( char ch ) const;
	int lastIndexOf( char ch, unsigned int fromIndex ) const;
	int lastIndexOf( const String &str ) const;
	int lastIndexOf( const String &str, unsigned int fromIndex ) const;
	String substring( unsigned int beginIndex ) const;
	String substring( unsigned int beginIndex, unsigned int endIndex ) const;

	// modification
	void replace(char find, char replace);
	void replace(const String& find, const String& replace);
	void remove(unsigned int index);
	void remove(unsigned int index, unsigned int count);
	void toLowerCase(void);
	void toUpperCase(void);
	void trim(void);

	// parsing/conversion
	long toInt(void) const;
	float toFloat(void) const;

protected:
	char *buffer;	        // the actual char array
	unsigned int capacity;  // the array length minus one (for the '\0')
	unsigned int len;       // the String length (not counting the '\0')
	unsigned char flags;    // unused, for future features
protected:
	void init(void);
	void invalidate(void);
	unsigned char changeBuffer(unsigned int maxStrLen);
	unsigned char concat(const char *cstr, unsigned int length);

	// copy and move
	String & copy(const char *cstr, unsigned int length);
	#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
	void move(String &rhs);
	#endif
};

class StringSumHelper : public String
{
public:
	StringSumHelper(const String &s) : String(s) {}
	StringSumHelper(const char *p) : String(p) {}
	StringSumHelper(char c) : String(c) {}
	StringSumHelper(unsigned char num) : String(num) {}
	StringSumHelper(int num) : String(num) {}
	StringSumHelper(unsigned int num) : String(num) {}
	StringSumHelper(long num) : String(num) {}
	StringSumHelper(unsigned long num) : String(num) {}
};



#define DEC 10
#define HEX 16
#define OCT 8
#define BIN 2

class Print
{
  private:
    int write_error;
    size_t printNumber(unsigned long, uint8_t);
    size_t printFloat(double, uint8_t);
  protected:
    void setWriteError(int err = 1) { write_error = err; }
  public:
    Print() : write_error(0) {}
    virtual ~Print() {}
  
    int getWriteError() { return write_error; }
    void clearWriteError() { setWriteError(0); }
  
    virtual size_t write(uint8_t) = 0;
    size_t write(const char *str) {
      if (str == NULL) return 0;
      return write((const uint8_t *)str, strlen(str));
    }
    virtual size_t write(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t size);
    
    size_t print(const String &);
    size_t print(const char[]);
    size_t print(char);
    size_t print(unsigned char, int = DEC);
    size_t print(int, int = DEC);
    size_t print(unsigned int, int = DEC);
    size_t print(long, int = DEC);
    size_t print(unsigned long, int = DEC);
    size_t print(double, int = 2);

    size_t println(const String &s);
    size_t println(const char[]);
    size_t println(char);
    size_t println(unsigned char, int = DEC);
    size_t println(int, int = DEC);
    size_t println(unsigned int, int = DEC);
    size_t println(long, int = DEC);
    size_t println(unsigned long, int = DEC);
    size_t println(double, int = 2);
    
    size_t println(void);
};


class Stream : public Print
{
  protected:
    int timedRead();    // private method to read stream with timeout
    int timedPeek();    // private method to peek stream with timeout
    int peekNextDigit(); // returns the next numeric digit in the stream or -1 if timeout

  public:
    virtual int available() = 0;
    virtual int read() = 0;
    virtual int peek() = 0;
    virtual void flush() = 0;

    Stream() {}

// parsing methods

  bool find(char *target);   // reads data from the stream until the target string is found
  // returns true if target string is found, false if timed out (see setTimeout)

  bool find(char *target, size_t length);   // reads data from the stream until the target string of given length is found
  // returns true if target string is found, false if timed out

  bool findUntil(char *target, char *terminator);   // as find but search ends if the terminator string is found

  bool findUntil(char *target, size_t targetLen, char *terminate, size_t termLen);   // as above but search ends if the terminate string is found


  long parseInt(); // returns the first valid (long) integer value from the current position.
  // initial characters that are not digits (or the minus sign) are skipped
  // integer is terminated by the first character that is not a digit.

  float parseFloat();               // float version of parseInt

  size_t readBytes( char *buffer, size_t length); // read chars from stream into buffer
  // terminates if length characters have been read or timeout (see setTimeout)
  // returns the number of characters placed in the buffer (0 means no valid data found)

  size_t readBytesUntil( char terminator, char *buffer, size_t length); // as readBytes with terminator character
  // terminates if length characters have been read, timeout, or if the terminator character  detected
  // returns the number of characters placed in the buffer (0 means no valid data found)

  // Arduino String functions to be added here
  String readString();
  String readStringUntil(char terminator);

  protected:
  long parseInt(char skipChar); // as above but the given skipChar is ignored
  // as above but the given skipChar is ignored
  // this allows format characters (typically commas) in values to be ignored

  float parseFloat(char skipChar);  // as above but the given skipChar is ignored
};


extern Print& Serial;

#endif	/* ARDUINO_H */