Use AutoPas prebuild packages or implement caching of the AutoPas build in the CI pipelines

[cniethammer]

Building the external AutoPas takes a lot of time in the CI builds and tests. As we fix the AutoPas version we should either use a prebuild AutoPas library / package - or if this is not available cache our AutoPas build.

[FG-TUM]

A general pre built package doesn't work because most of the lib is parametrized with the user's particle class. Caching might work.