-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 6
/
Copy pathChapter7Citations
494 lines (294 loc) · 35.9 KB
/
Chapter7Citations
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
Pace, E. (1988) ‘James Killian, 83, science adviser, dies’ The New York Times 31 January 1988: https://www.nytimes.com/1988/01/31/obituaries/james-killian-83-science-adviser-dies.html
Lee, J. A. N. (1995) ‘Christopher Strachey’ IEEE Computer Society, available at:
https://history.computer.org/pioneers/strachey.html
Lee, J.A.N (1992) ‘The Project MAC Interviews’ IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 14, 2: 14–35.
Brown, G.M. (n.d.) ‘Multics’ Princeton University manuscript, available at:
https://www.princeton.edu/~hos/frs122/unixhist/multics.htm
Pyfer, J. (2018) ‘Project MAC’ Encyclopaedia Britannica: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Project-Mac
Multicians (2023) ‘Multics’, 16 March 2023, available at: https://multicians.org/history.html
Smalley, E. (2015) ‘40th anniversary of EECS: How CS took its place alongside EE’ MIT EECS Connector Spring 2015: 7–9.
Richards, P. (2003) ‘LCS and AI Lab to merge’ MIT News 4 June 2003: https://news.mit.edu/2003/merger-0604
Ritchie, D. (2003[1996]) ‘The development of the C language’ Bell Labs, originally published in Bergin, T.J., Gibson,R. G. (eds) History of Programming Languages-II. New York, ACM Press and Addison-Wesley. Accessible via: https://www.bell-labs.com/usr/dmr/www/chist.html
Kernighan, B.W. (2020) Unix: A history and a memoir. Kindle Direct Publishing.
Anthes, G. (2009) ‘Unix turns 40: The past, present and future of a revolutionary OS’ Computerworld 4 June 2009: https://www.computerworld.com/article/2524456/unix-turns-40--the-past--present-and-future-of-a-revolutionary-os.html
Rumbaugh, D. (2023) ‘An introduction to groff’ Douglas Rumbaugh blog, 10 March 2023:
https://douglasrumbaugh.com/post/groff-introduction/
McKusick, M. K. (1999) ‘Twenty years of Berkeley Unix: From AT&T-owned to freely redistributable’, in DiBona, C. and Ockman, S. (eds.) Open sources: Voices from the open source revolution: 31–46. Sebastopol, CA., O’Reilly Media.
DiBona, C. and Ockman, S. (1999) ‘Appendix A: The Tanenbaum-Torvalds debate’in DiBona, C. and Ockman, S. (eds.) Open sources: Voices from the open source revolution: 221–52. Sebastopol, CA., O’Reilly Media.
Gottleber, T. T. (2003) Bulletproof Unix. New York, Pearson.
CHM (2005) ‘Oral history of Ken Thomson’ Reference Number: X3091.2005. Interviewed by John Mashey, recorded: February 8, 2005 Mountain View, California. https://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/access/text/2013/05/102657921-05-01-acc.pdf
CHM (2011) ‘Oral history of Bill Joy’ X6073.2011. Interviewed by Alex Bochannek, recorded: March 30, 2011 Mountain View, California.
https://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/access/text/2022/06/102743073-05-01-acc.pdf
CHM (2008) Oral history of Linus Torvalds’ Reference Number: X4596.2008. Interviewed by: Grady Booch and edited by Dag Spicer, recorded: July 27, 2008 Portland, Oregon.
https://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/access/text/2012/10/102658325-05-01-acc.pdf
Eckel, R. (2016) ‘The engineer’s engineer: Computer industry luminaries salute Dave Cutler’s five-decade-long quest for quality’ Microsoft Features 15 April 2016:
https://news.microsoft.com/features/the-engineers-engineer-computer-industry-luminaries-salute-dave-cutlers-five-decade-long-quest-for-quality/
Lunduke, B. (2022) ‘The first UNIX Shell: 1971's Thompson Shell’ The Lunduke Journal of Technology, 16 October 2022: https://lunduke.substack.com/p/the-first-unix-shell-1971s-thompson
Lunduke, B. (2023) ‘The History of BSD - Part 1 (1974 - 1989)’ The Lunduke Journal of Technology 16 February 2023:
https://lunduke.substack.com/p/the-history-of-bsd-part-1-1974-1989
KodeKloud (2020) ‘Scripting for beginners’ Dev Community 7 July 2020:
https://dev.to/kodekloud/introduction-to-scripting-19e8
Parker, S. (2011) Shell scripting: Expert recipes for Linux, Bash, and More. Indianapolis, IN., John Wiley & Sons.
Zoulas, C. and Schweisguth, D. (1995) ‘tcsh — C shell with file name completion and command line editing’ TSCH, Cornell 6.06.00: http://rsusu1.rnd.runnet.ru/unix/tcsh.html/THE_T_IN_TCSH.html
Rosenblatt, B. (1993) Learning the Korn Shell. Sebastopol, CA., O’Reilly Media.
Loshin, P. (2021) ‘bash (Bourne again shell)’ TechTarget December 2021: https://www.techtarget.com/searchdatacenter/definition/bash-Bourne-Again-Shell
Douglas, N. (2017) ‘I'm Brian Fox, author of the Bash Shell, and this Is how I work’ LifeHacker 13 December 2017: https://lifehacker.com/im-brian-fox-author-of-the-bash-shell-and-this-is-how-1820510600
Hauben, M. and Hauben, R. (1997) Netizens: An anthology. Los Alamitos, CA., IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA.
Ritchie, D. and Thomson, K. (1974) ‘The UNIX TimeSharing System’ Communications of the ACM 17, 7: 365–375. https://dsf.berkeley.edu/cs262/unix.pdf
Ritchie, D.M. ‘An incomplete history of the QED text editor’. Bell Labs February 2004: https://www.bell-labs.com/usr/dmr/www/qed.html
Pate, S.D. (2003) UNIX filesystems: Evolution, design, and implementation. Indianapolis, IN., Wiley Publishing.
Leonard, A. (2000) ‘BSD Unix: Power to the people, from the code’ Salon 16 May 2000: https://www.salon.com/2000/05/16/chapter_2_part_one/
Microsoft (1999) ‘Microsoft Windows NT server from a UNIX point of view’, April 1999. Available at:
https://wwwdisc.chimica.unipd.it/luigino.feltre/pubblica/unix/winnt_doc/rk/rk_ntsvrunix_sjuq.html
McKusick, M. K., Joy, W. N., Leffler, S. J. and Fabry, R. S. (1984) ‘A fast file system for UNIX’ ACM Transactions on Computer Systems 2, 3: 181–197.
CHM (2023) ‘Internet history of the 1980s’, available at:
https://www.computerhistory.org/internethistory/1980s/
Quarterman, J.S., Silberschatz, A. and Peterson, J.L (1985) ‘4.2BSD and 4.3BSD as examples of the UNIX system’ ACM Computing Surveys 17, 4: 379–418.
Rashid, R. F and Tokuda, H. (1990) ‘Mach: A system software kernel’ Computing systems in engineering 1, 2–4: 163–169.
Schwartz, E. I. (1992) ‘A Unix for the masses?’ Bloomberg 22 June 1992: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/1992-06-21/a-unix-for-the-masses
Ambrosio, J. (1991) ‘AT&T's Unix sell-off won't sway OSF’ Computerworld 8 April 1991.
Seltzer, Olson, McKusick (2021) ‘A Conversation with Margo Seltzer and Mike Olson: The history of Berkeley DB’ ACM Queue 19, 5: 69–86.
Clark, D. (1992) ‘AT&T unit sues UC Berkeley’ The San Francisco Chronicle 11 August 1992, available at: https://www.tech-insider.org/usl-v-bsdi-ucb/research/1992/0811.html
Brodkin, J. (2014) ‘OpenSSL code beyond repair, claims creator of “LibreSSL” fork’ ARSTechnica 22 April 2014: https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2014/04/openssl-code-beyond-repair-claims-creator-of-libressl-fork/
Klara (n.d.) ‘History of FreeBSD Part 3: Early Days of FreeBSD’ Klara Systems, available at: https://klarasystems.com/articles/history-of-freebsd-part-3-early-days-of-freebsd/
Hosch, W. L. (2009) ‘Richard Stallman’ Encyclopædia Britannica:
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Richard-Stallman
Williams, S. (2002) Free as in freedom. Sebastopol, CA., O’Reilly Media.
Stallman, R.M. and Pesch, R.H. (1994) Debugging with GDB: The GNU Source-Level Debugger. Cambridge, MA., Free Software Foundation.
Tanenbaum, A.S. and Woodhull, A. (2006) Operating systems design and implementation, 3rd edition. New York, Pearson.
Tanenbaum, A.S. (2016) ‘Lessons Learned from 30 Years of MINIX’ Communications of the ACM 59, 3: 70–78.
Moody, G. (2002) Rebel code: Linux and the open source revolution. New York, Basic Books.
Torvalds, L. (1997) ‘Linux: a Portable Operating System’ MSc thesis, University of Helsinki Department of Computer Science, 31 January 1997: https://www.cs.helsinki.fi/petri/index_files/linus.pdf
Torvalds, L. (2001) Just for fun: The story of an accidental revolutionary. New York, HarperCollins.
Merlino, J. (2006) PC Magazine: Linux solutions. Indianapolis, IN, Wiley Publishing.
Hayward, D. (2012) ‘The history of Linux: how time has shaped the penguin’ Techradar 22 November 2012:
https://www.techradar.com/news/software/operating-systems/the-history-of-linux-how-time-has-shaped-the-penguin-1113914/2
Mears, J. (2006) ‘Ever wonder how Red Hat got its name?’ Computerworld 19 December 2006: https://www.computerworld.com/article/2548974/ever-wonder-how-red-hat-got-its-name-.html
Segan, S. (2021) ‘2021 is the year of Linux on the desktop’ PCMag 17 September 2021:
https://www.pcmag.com/opinions/2021-is-the-year-of-linux-on-the-desktop
Londo, E. (2020) ‘A guide through the history of Unix & Linux: Everything you need to know’ Frontpage Linux 1 September 2020:
https://frontpagelinux.com/articles/guide-through-history-of-unix-linux-everything-you-need-to-know/
Dolya, A. (2003) ‘Inteview [sic!] with Mattias Ettrich’ Linux Journal 28 April 2003:
https://www.linuxjournal.com/article/6834
Aleman, O.A.A (1998) ‘Interview with Miguel de Icaza’ Linux Focus, Tech-Insider March 1998:
https://www.tech-insider.org/linux/research/1998/03.html
Shankland, S. (2002) ‘Dell invests in Linux-for-the-masses company’ CNET 2 January 2002: https://www.cnet.com/culture/dell-invests-in-linux-for-the-masses-company/
Hertzfeld, A. (2004) Revolution in the valley: The insanely great story of how the Mac was made. Sebastopol, CA., O’Reilly Media.
Varghese, S. (2008) ‘De Icaza links make Friedman wrong choice to head GitHub’ IT Wire 6 June 2018: https://itwire.com/opinion-and-analysis-sp-481/open-sauce/de-icaza-links-make-friedman-wrong-choice-to-head-github.html
Novell (2004) Evolution 2.0: A user guide. Waltham, MA., Novell, Inc.
Fulton, S. (2017) ‘How Linux conquered the data center’ DataCenter Knowledge 6 March 2017:
https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/archives/2017/03/06/linux-conquered-data-center
Finkle, J. (2007) ‘Novell-Microsoft deal targeted by software group’ Reuters 27 March 2007:
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-novell-linux-idUSN2640289420070327
Markoff, J. (1991) ‘PC software maker Novell to buy digital research’ The New York Times 17 July, 1991:
https://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/17/business/pc-software-maker-novell-to-buy-digital-research.html
Foster, E. (2007) ‘How Did WordPerfect Go Wrong?’ InfoWorld 28 Dec 2007:
https://www.infoworld.com/article/2639497/how-did-wordperfect-go-wrong-.html
Fay, J. (2013) ‘How Novell peaked, then threw it all away in a year’ The Register 25 July 2013
Vaughan-Nichols, S. (2017) ‘SUSE Linux turns 25: From business distro leader to cloud power’ ZD Net 25 September 2017: https://www.zdnet.com/article/suse-linux-at-25/
Brown, P. (2016) ‘Enterprise Linux Showdown: SUSE Linux’ 17 November 2016:
https://www.linux.com/topic/distributions/enterprise-linux-showdown-suse-linux/
Ranger, S. (2017) ‘How Mark Shuttleworth became the first African in space and launched a software revolution’ TechRepublic 19 January 2017:
https://www.techrepublic.com/article/how-mark-shuttleworth-became-the-first-african-in-space-and-launched-a-software-revolution/
Vance, A. (2009) ‘A software populist who doesn’t do Windows’ The New York Times 10 January 2009: https://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/11/business/11ubuntu.html
Von Harz (2022) ‘Ubuntu vs. Mint: Which is the Better Linux Distro?’ History-Computer 13 December: https://history-computer.com/ubuntu-vs-mint-linux-distro/
Hitchcook, K. (2022) The enterprise Linux administrator: Journey to a new Linux career. New York, Apress Media.
Markoff, J. (2007) ‘I, robot: The man behind the Google phone’ The New York Times 4 November 2007: https://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/04/technology/04google.html
Robbins, D. (2005) ‘Making the distribution, Part 1’ Gentoo 9 October 2005, archived version available at:
https://web.archive.org/web/20051126223839/http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/articles/making-the-distro-p1.xml
Raphael, JR. (2020) ‘The inherent irony of Chrome OS’ Computerworld 4 August 2020:
https://www.computerworld.com/article/3569284/chrome-os-irony.html
Alsop, T. (2022) ‘Chromebook shipment share of total notebook shipments worldwide 2019-2022’ Statista, 10 February 2022:
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1117651/chromebook-shipment-share-of-total-notebook-shipments-worldwide/
Premack, R. (2018) ‘Teachers across America are obsessed with Google products — here's how Apple and Microsoft plan to win them back’ 29 November 2018:
https://www.businessinsider.com/google-apple-microsoft-competing-dominate-education-technology-market-2018-11
Ovide, S. (2022) ‘The faded but winning pandemic star’ The New York Times 18 August 2022:
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/18/technology/chromebooks-pandemic-star.html
Taylor, P. (2023) ‘Operating systems market share of desktop PCs 2013-2023, by month’ Statista 27 February 2023: https://www.statista.com/statistics/218089/global-market-share-of-windows-7/
StatCounter (2023) ‘Operating System Market Share Worldwide’ StatCounter globalstats, Nov 2021-March 2023: https://gs.statcounter.com/os-market-share#monthly-202111-202303
Oconnell, K. (2021) ‘Google Funds Linux Kernel Developers to Focus Exclusively on Security’ Linux Foundation blog 24 February 2021:
https://www.linuxfoundation.org/press/press-release/google-funds-linux-kernel-developers-to-focus-exclusively-on-security
Segura, T. (2021) ‘What 30 Years of Linux Taught the Software Industry’ DevOps 28 October 2021: https://devops.com/what-30-years-of-linux-taught-the-software-industry/
Vaughan-Nichols, S. (2020) ‘From Earth to orbit with Linux and SpaceX’ ZDNet.com 3 June 2020: https://www.zdnet.com/article/from-earth-to-orbit-with-linux-and-spacex/
Carter, H. (2023) ‘Who are this year’s Academy Awards contenders, and what do they have to do with open source software?’ Linux Foundation blog 13 February 2023:
https://www.linuxfoundation.org/blog/who-are-this-years-academy-awards-contenders-and-what-do-they-have-to-do-with-open-source-software
Anderson, T. (2020) ‘Linux in 2020: 27.8 million lines of code in the kernel, 1.3 million in systemd’ The Register 6 January 2020: https://www.theregister.com/2020/01/06/linux_2020_kernel_systemd_code/
HC Staff (2022a) ‘Simon Personal Communicator: A complete guide’ History-Computing 23 November 2022: https://history-computer.com/simon-personal-communicator/
Haase, C. (2022) Androids: The team that built the Android operating system. San Francisco, CA., No Starch Press.
JLuo (2018) ‘The Rise and Fall (and Rise Again?) of BlackBerry’ Harvard University, Digital Initiative, 1 February 2018:
https://d3.harvard.edu/platform-digit/submission/the-rise-and-fall-and-rise-again-of-blackberry/
Simon, M. (2022) ‘How the iPhone killed Blackberry (and why it didn’t have to happen)’ Macworld 4 January 2022: https://www.macworld.com/article/562752/blackberry-devices-software-obsolete-iphone.html
Moscaritolo, A. (2013) ‘Googler Shows Off Vintage Android Mascot’ PCMag 4 January 2013:
https://www.pcmag.com/news/googler-shows-off-vintage-android-mascot
Venna, N. (2009) ‘The Evolving Nature of Competition in the Wireless Ecosystem: Emergent Opportunities and Threats’ Unpublished Master Thesis in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology: https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/55300/612307138-MIT.pdf?sequence=2
Moore, Geoffrey (2014) Crossing the chasm: Marketing and selling disruptive products to mainstream customers, 3rd edition: New York, HarperBusiness.
Gustin, S. (2013) ‘The fatal mistake that doomed BlackBerry’ Time Magazine 24 September 2013: https://business.time.com/2013/09/24/the-fatal-mistake-that-doomed-blackberry/
Wood, J. (2018) ‘Android is 10 years old. Here’s how it captured the smartphone market’ World Economic Forum 3 October 2018:
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/10/android-is-10-years-old-here-s-how-it-captured-the-smartphone-market/
Wakabayashi, D. and Benner, K. (2018) ‘How Google Protected Andy Rubin, the “Father of Android”’ The New York Times 1 November 2018: https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/25/technology/google-sexual-harassment-andy-rubin.html
Raphael, JR. (2017) ‘Android versions: A living history from 1.0 to 14’ Computerworld, updated 7 April 2023: https://www.computerworld.com/article/3235946/android-versions-a-living-history-from-1-0-to-today.html
Sellers, D. (2022) ‘Apple app store revenue more than double that of Google Play’ AppleWorld 26 April 2022: https://appleworld.today/archives/88116
Forbes (1997) ‘Gary Kildall The DOS that wasn't’ Forbes Magazine 7 July 1997: https://www.forbes.com/forbes/1997/0707/6001336a.html
Shustek, L.J. (2016) ‘In his own words: Gary Kildall’ Computer History Museum blog 2 August 2016:
https://computerhistory.org/blog/in-his-own-words-gary-kildall/
Ditlea, S. (1982) ‘The birth of an industry’ Inc. 1 January 1982:
https://www.inc.com/magazine/19820101/2315.html
Miller, M.J. (2021a) ‘The rise of DOS: How Microsoft got the IBM PC OS contract’ PC Magazine 12 August 2021: https://uk.pcmag.com/operating-systems/135023/the-rise-of-dos-how-microsoft-got-the-ibm-pc-os-contract
Andrews, P. (1994) ‘A career spent in Gates’ shadow: Computer pioneer dies at 52’ Seattle Times 14 July 1994, available at: https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/?date=19940714&slug=1920286
Caruso, D. (1984a) ‘Company strategies boomerang’ InfoWorld 6, 14: 80–83.
Caruso, D. (1984b) ‘Digital Research rebounds’ InfoWorld 6, 17: 56–57.
Bloomberg (2004) ‘The man who could have been Bill Gates’ Bloomberg Businessweek 25 October 2004:
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2004-10-24/the-man-who-could-have-been-bill-gates#xj4y7vzkg
AP News (1994) ‘Gary Kildall, inventor of first popular computer program, dies at age 52’ AP News 13 July 1994: https://apnews.com/article/e72cf17789664e4725a90bdae7fadbea
Rebecca (2022) ‘Xerox Alto: Everything you need to know’ History-Computer. 30 November 2022:
https://history-computer.com/xerox-alto-guide/
Hackett, Stephen (2017) ‘The Lisa’ MacStories 14 December 2017:
https://www.macstories.net/mac/the-lisa/
Maher, J. (2018a) ‘Doing Windows, part 2: From interface manager to Windows’ The Digital Antiquarian 29 June 2018:https://www.filfre.net/2018/06/29/
Maher, J. (2018b) ‘Doing Windows, part 7: Third time’s the charm’ The Digital Antiquarian 3 August: https://www.filfre.net/2018/08/doing-windows-part-7-third-times-the-charm/
Edwards, B. (2021a) ‘35 years of Microsoft Windows: Remembering Windows 1.0’ How-to Geek 24 August 2021:
https://www.howtogeek.com/700661/35-years-of-microsoft-windows-remembering-windows-1.0/
Edwards, B. (2021b) ‘Windows 3.0 is 30 years old: Here’s what made it special’ How-to Geek 24 August 2021: https://www.howtogeek.com/674574/windows-3.0-is-30-years-old-heres-what-made-it-special/
Gladwell, M. (2011) ‘The tweaker: The real genius of Steve Jobs’ The New Yorker 6 November 2011:
https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2011/11/14/the-tweaker
Kindy, D. (2019) ‘How Susan Kare Designed User-Friendly Icons for the First Macintosh’ Smithsonian Magazine 9 October 2019: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/how-susan-kare-designed-user-friendly-icons-for-first-macintosh-180973286/
Weber, J. (1993) ‘Rest of Apple infringement suit dismissed’ Los Angeles Times 2 June 1993:
https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-06-02-fi-42440-story.html
Ichbiah, D. and Knepper, S.L. (1991) The making of Microsoft: How Bill Gates and his team created the world’s most successful software company. Roseville, CA., Prima Press.
Parker, M. (2019) ‘Microsoft brings Windows 3.0’s File Manager to Windows 10 store’ Windows Latest 1 February 2019:
https://www.windowslatest.com/2019/02/01/microsoft-brings-windows-3-0s-file-manager-to-windows-10-store/
Torres, E. (2021) ‘Susan Kare – Maximising 8-bit graphics’ The Comp Magazine 23 April 2021:
https://www.thecompmagazine.com/susan-kare-maximizing/
JavaTpoint (n.d.) ‘Microsoft Windows history’ available at: https://www.javatpoint.com/microsoft-windows-history
Pollack, A. (1991a) ‘Microsoft widens its split with I.B.M. over software’ The New York Times 27 July 1991: https://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/27/business/microsoft-widens-its-split-with-ibm-over-software.html
Coates, J. (1994) ‘Chicago no more; now it’s called Windows 95’ Chicago Tribune 9 September 1994: https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1994-09-09-9409090295-story.html
Presley, K. (2015) ‘A surprise ambient jam... from Windows 95’ NPR Music 26 Aug 2015:
https://www.npr.org/sections/allsongs/2015/08/26/359618640/a-surprise-ambient-jam-from-windows-95
Warren, T. (2020) ‘Windows 95 is 25 years old today’ The Verge 24 August 2020: https://www.theverge.com/21398999/windows-95-anniversary-release-date-history
Warren, T. (2021) ‘Microsoft confirms Windows 10X is dead’ The Verge 18 May 2021:
https://www.theverge.com/2021/5/18/22442421/microsoft-windows-10-x-canceled-official
Goldberg, C. (1995) ‘Midnight Sales Frenzy Ushers in Windows 95’ The New York Times 24 August 1995: https://www.nytimes.com/1995/08/24/business/midnight-sales-frenzy-ushers-in-windows-95.html
Rathbone, A. (1999) Windows 98 for dummies. New York, Hungry Minds.
Wired News Report (1997) ‘Split Decision in MS Antitrust Case’ Wired 11 December 1997:
https://www.wired.com/1997/12/split-decision-in-ms-antitrust-case/
CNET (2002) ‘Windows 95 remains most popular operating system’ CNET.com 2 Jan 2002:
https://www.cnet.com/culture/windows-95-remains-most-popular-operating-system/
CHM (2016) Oral history of David Cutler’ Reference Number: X7733.2016 Interviewed by: Grant Saviers, recorded: February 25, 2016 Medina, Washington.
Rouse, M. (2016) ‘DECnet’ Techopedia 6 September 2016: https://www.techopedia.com/definition/6797/decnet
Russinovich, M. (1998) ‘Windows NT and VMS: The rest of the story’ Windows and .Net Magazine December 1998, available via Tech-Insider: https://www.tech-insider.org/windows/research/1998/12.html
Zachary, P. (2014) Showstopper!: The breakneck race to create Windows NT and the next generation at Microsoft. New York, Open Road Integrated Media.
Beren, D. (2022) ‘The real reason Compaq failed spectacularly’ History-Computer 15 December 2022: https://history-computer.com/the-real-reason-compaq-failed-spectacularly/
Sorkin, A.R. and Norris, F. (2001) ‘Hewlett-Packard in deal to buy Compaq for $25 billion in stock’ The New York Times 4 September 2001: https://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/04/business/hewlett-packard-in-deal-to-buy-compaq-for-25-billion-in-stock.html
IBM (n.d.) ‘The birth of the IBM PC’ IBM.com: https://www.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/pc25/pc25_birth.html
Delony, D. (2015) ‘CP/M: The story of the OS that almost succeeded over Windows’ Techopedia 11 May 2015: https://www.techopedia.com/2/31154/software/cpm-the-story-of-the-os-that-almost-succeeded-over-windows
Pollack, A. (1985) ‘Microsoft and I.B.M. join forces’ The New York Times 22 August 1985:
https://www.nytimes.com/1985/08/22/business/microsoft-and-ibm-join-forces.html
Nusca, A. (2013) ‘Ed Iacobucci, co-founder of Citrix, dies of cancer’ ZDNet.com 21 June 2013:
https://www.zdnet.com/article/ed-iacobucci-co-founder-of-citrix-dies-of-cancer/
Lilly, P. (2009) ‘A brief history of CPUs: 31 awesome years of x86’ PCGamer 14 April 2009:
https://www.pcgamer.com/a-brief-history-of-cpus-31-awesome-years-of-x86/
Elmer-Dewitt, P. (2014) ‘Apple and IBM: Fourth time’s a charm?’ Fortune 15 July 2014:
https://fortune.com/2014/07/15/apple-and-ibm-fourth-times-a-charm/
ComputerWorld (2002) ‘The intentional programmer’, Q&A with Charles Simonyi, ComputerWorld 9 December 2002: 32.
Cringely, R. X (2014) The decline and fall of IBM: End of an American icon? Self-published, NeRDTV, LLC.
Miller, M.J. (2021b) ‘Why the IBM PC Had an Open Architecture’ PCMag 12 August 2021:
https://www.pcmag.com/news/why-the-ibm-pc-had-an-open-architecture
Gerstner, L.V. (2003) Who says elephants can't dance? Inside IBM's historic turnaround. New York, HarperBusiness.
Kanellos, M. (2002) ‘IBM's outsider: A look back at Lou’ CNET.com
https://www.cnet.com/tech/tech-industry/ibms-outsider-a-look-back-at-lou/
Norman, J. (2023) ‘Bill Gates & Paul Allen Change the Name of 86-DOS or QDOS to MS-DOS’ July 1981, Jeremy Norman’s History of Information: https://historyofinformation.com/detail.php?id=99
Bekker, S. (1999) ‘Compaq kills 32-bit Windows NT on Alpha’ Redmond Magazine 24 August 1999:
https://redmondmag.com/articles/1999/08/24/compaq-kills-32bit-windows-nt-on-alpha.aspx
Reimer, J. (2019) ‘Half an operating system: The triumph and tragedy of OS/2’ ARSTechnica 29 November 2019:
https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2019/11/half-an-operating-system-the-triumph-and-tragedy-of-os2/5/
Edwards, B. (2021c) ‘Remembering Windows 2000, Microsoft’s forgotten masterpiece’ How-to Geek 24 August 2021: https://www.howtogeek.com/676095/remembering-windows-2000-microsofts-forgotten-masterpiece/
Lemon, S. (2001) ‘Code Red worm exploits Windows NT flaw’ ComputerWorld 20 July 2001:
https://www.computerworld.com/article/2582725/code-red-worm-exploits-windows-nt-flaw.html
Frishberg, M. (2001) ‘XP: “Your mother’s Windows” Wired 14 February 2001:
https://www.wired.com/2001/02/xp-your-mothers-windows/
Dubie, D. (2007) ‘Symantec grabs Altiris for $830 million’ NetworkWorld 29 January 2007:
https://www.networkworld.com/article/2303464/symantec-grabs-altiris-for--830-million.html
Nadella, S. (2017) Hit refresh: The quest to rediscover Microsoft's soul and imagine a better future for everyone. New York, HarperCollins
Athow, D. (2014) ‘Windows XP end-of-life: Thanks for all the fish!’ Techradar 6 April 2014: https://www.techradar.com/news/software/operating-systems/windows-xp-end-of-life-what-you-need-to-know-1240791
Gralla, P. (2012) ‘Microsoft will kill the “dated,” “cheesy” Aero desktop with Windows 8. Is it a mistake?’ ComputerWorld 21 May 2012:
https://www.computerworld.com/article/2471747/microsoft-will-kill-the--dated----cheesy--aero-desktop-with-windows-8--is-it-a-mis.html
Kernighan, B.W. (2017) Understanding the digital world: What you need to know about computers, the internet, privacy, and security. Princeton, N.J., Princeton University Press.
Arthur, C. (2012) Digital wars: Apple, Google, Microsoft and the battle for the internet. London, Kogan Page.
Fried, I. (2005) ‘Five years of Ballmer–the effect on Microsoft’ CNET 14 January 2005: https://www.cnet.com/culture/five-years-of-ballmer-the-effect-on-microsoft/
Guth, R. A. (2005) ‘Battling Google, Microsoft changes how it builds software’ Wall Street Journal 23 September 2005: https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB112743680328349448
Pogue, D. (2005) Mac OS X: The missing manual, Tiger edition. Sebastopol, CA., O’Reilly Media.
Wired Staff (2007) ‘MS Exec's “I'd Buy a Mac E-mail”’ Wired 11 January 2017: https://www.wired.com/2007/01/ms-execs-id-buy/
Shoefield, J. (2012) ‘With 600 million sales, Windows 7 closes on XP’ ZDNet 6 June 2012:
https://www.zdnet.com/article/with-600-million-sales-windows-7-closes-on-xp/
Microsoft (2023a) ‘Looking back at 10 years of Microsoft 365 making history’ Microsoft 365, 11 January 2023:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365-life-hacks/stories/looking-back-ten-years-microsoft-365
Microsoft (2023b) ‘BitLocker’ Microsoft Learn 17 February 2023:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/information-protection/bitlocker/bitlocker-overview
Microsoft (2023c) ‘By the numbers’ presentation: https://news.microsoft.com/bythenumbers/en/windowsdevices
Tyagi, A. (2022) ‘What happened to Windows 9? Why was it skipped?’ Techworm 5 August 2022:
https://www.techworm.net/2022/08/what-happened-windows-9-skipped.html
Bisson, S. (2014) ‘Universal apps is the future of Windows development’ ComputerWorld 17 October 2014:
https://www.computerworld.com/article/2835328/universal-apps-is-the-future-of-windows-development.html
Foley, M. J. (2021) ‘Microsoft says Windows 10 now on 1.3 billion monthly active devices’ ZDNet 27 April 2021:
https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-says-windows-10-now-on-1-3-billion-monthly-active-devices/
Microsoft (2022) ‘Microsoft to acquire Activision Blizzard to bring the joy and community of gaming to everyone, across every device’ Microsoft News Center: 18 January 2022:
https://news.microsoft.com/2022/01/18/microsoft-to-acquire-activision-blizzard-to-bring-the-joy-and-community-of-gaming-to-everyone-across-every-device/
Ceci, L. (2023) ‘Google Play: number of available apps 2009-2023’ Statista 7 March 2023:
https://www.statista.com/statistics/266210/number-of-available-applications-in-the-google-play-store/
Edwards, B. (2021c) ‘What was Windows CE, and why did people use it?’ 24 August 2021:
https://www.howtogeek.com/703977/what-was-windows-ce-and-why-did-people-use-it/
HC Staff (2022b) ‘Palm Pilot: Everything You Need to Know’ History-Computer: 17 November 2022:https://history-computer.com/palm-pilot-guide/
Cox, J. (2008) ‘Mobile phone market continues to weaken’ NetworkWorld 4 December 2008:
https://www.networkworld.com/article/2270440/mobile-phone-market-continues-to-weaken.html
Leswing, K. (2019) ‘The iPhone decade: How Apple’s phone created and destroyed industries and changed the world’ 16 December 2019: https://www.cnbc.com/2019/12/16/apples-iphone-created-industries-and-changed-the-world-this-decade.html
Bright (2011) ‘Microsoft buys Skype for $8.5 billion. Why, exactly?’ Wired 10 May 2011: https://www.wired.com/2011/05/microsoft-buys-skype-2/
Eichenwald, K. (2012) ‘Microsoft’s lost decade’ Vanity Fair August 2012 issue:
https://www.vanityfair.com/news/business/2012/08/microsoft-lost-mojo-steve-ballmer
Edwards, B. (2012) ‘The secret history of Microsoft hardware’ PCMag 15 July 2012: https://www.pcmag.com/news/the-secret-history-of-microsoft-hardware
Clark, J. and Edwards, O. (1999) Netscape time: The making of the billion-dollar start-up that took on Microsoft. New York, St Martin’s Press.
Yocom, M. (2006) ‘Mac OS history’, uMac at University of Utah Marriot Library:https://www.macos.utah.edu/documentation/short_courses/mac_os_x_overview/history_and_evolution/mac_os_history.html
Pogue, D. and Schorr, J. (1998) Macworld Mac Secrets, 5th edition. New York, Wiley.
Moreau, S. and Mingis, K. (2021) ‘The evolution of macOS (and Mac OS X)’ ComputerWorld 14 June 2021: https://www.computerworld.com/article/3692528/evolution-of-macos-and-mac-os-x.html
Hormby, T. (2014) ‘Pink: Apple’s first stab at a modern operating system’ LowendMac 27 April 2014:https://lowendmac.com/2014/pink-apples-first-stab-at-a-modern-operating-system/
Diaz, J. (2018) ‘The legendary Apple research group that shaped our world’ FastCompany 19 June 2018: https://www.fastcompany.com/90176202/how-apples-advanced-technology-group-changed-our-world
Pollack, A. (1991b) ‘I.B.M. and Apple Give Up Rivalry To Preserve Grip on Their Industry’ The New York Times 4 July 1991: https://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/04/business/ibm-and-apple-give-up-rivalry-to-preserve-grip-on-their-industry.html
Lewis, P.H. (1992) ‘The executive computer; Apple-I.B.M. venture, with new leaders, searches for a soul’ The New York Times 8 March 1992: https://www.nytimes.com/1992/03/08/business/the-executive-computer-apple-ibm-venture-with-new-leaders-searches-for-a-soul.html
Santalesa, R. (1995) ‘Taligent redies a new development paradigm’ IEEE Software 12, March: 103–109:
https://www.computer.org/csdl/magazine/so/1995/02/s2103/13rRUwgyOej
Einstein, D. (1995) ‘Taligent to Be IBM Subsidiary: Nearly 200 workers to lose their jobs’ SFgate 20 December 1995:
https://www.sfgate.com/weather/article/northern-lights-dazzle-california-skywatchers-17914957.php
Moretti, M. (2012) ‘Before Mac OS X, there was OS 1 through 9: A history of Apple's operating system’ Business Insider 10 July 2012: https://www.businessinsider.com/mac-os-i-through-x-2012-7?r=US&IR=T
Lange, A. (2018) ‘The woman who gave the Macintosh a smile’ New Yorker 19 April 2018:
https://www.newyorker.com/culture/cultural-comment/the-woman-who-gave-the-macintosh-a-smile
Pang, A. (2000) ‘Interview with Susan Kare’ Making the Macintosh: Technology and Culture in Silicon Valley, Stanford University: https://web.stanford.edu/dept/SUL/sites/mac/primary/interviews/kare/index.html
Hertzfeld, A. (2004) Revolution in the valley: The insanely great story of how the Mac was made. Sebastopol, CA., O’Reilly Media.
Isaacson, W. (2012) ‘How Steve Jobs’ Love of Simplicity Fueled A design revolution’ Smithsonian Magazine September 2012:
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/how-steve-jobs-love-of-simplicity-fueled-a-design-revolution-23868877/
Levy, S. (2015) ‘“This isn’t the Steve Jobs story’ Wired 28 October 2015:
https://www.wired.com/2015/10/this-isnt-the-steve-jobs-story/
Maher, J. (2018c) ‘The games of Windows’ Digital Antiquarian 24 August 2018:
https://www.filfre.net/2018/08/the-games-of-windows/
Dormehl, L. (2015) ‘Susan Kare’s original Mac icon designs go on show in New York’ CultofMac 9 March 2015:
https://www.cultofmac.com/314657/susan-kares-original-mac-icon-designs-go-show-new-york/
Ross, D. (2019) ‘7 ways the printing press changed the world’ History.com 28 August 2019:
https://www.history.com/news/printing-press-renaissance
Mosley, J. (1967) ‘The early career of William Caslon’ Journal of the Printing Historical Society 3: 66–81.
Arnold, E. C. (1972) ‘Frederic W. Goudy, “Type man” extraordinary’ The Courier 9, 3: 3–12.
IBM (n.d.) ‘The Selectric Typewriter’ IBM Icons of Progress: https://www.ibm.com/ibm/history/ibm100/us/en/icons/selectric/
Infinite MIT (2023) ‘Edward Murrow's "See It Now"—Jay Forrester and the Whirlwind Computer (1951)’. Available at:
https://infinite.mit.edu/video/edward-murrows-see-it-now%E2%80%94jay-forrester-and-whirlwind-computer-1951
Barnhart, B. (2022) ‘The birth of Bézier Curves & how it shaped graphic design’ Vectornator 28 October 2022: https://www.vectornator.io/blog/bezier-curves/
Bigelow, C. (2020) ‘The font wars, part 1’ IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 42, 1: 7–24.
CHM (2018) ‘Oral history of Tom Mallow, part 1 of 2’ Reference number: X8837.2019. Interviewed by David C. Brock, recorded 8 November 2018, Mountain View, California:
https://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/access/text/2020/05/102780989-05-01-acc.pdf
Bigelow, C. (1994) ‘Times (New) Roman and its part in the Development of Scalable Font Technology’ posted to Newsgroup: comp.fonts. Available at https://www.truetype-typography.com/articles/times.htm
Macari, M. (2012) ‘Apple and Microsoft cross-license deal includes 'anti-cloning' protections going back to 1997’ The Verge 13 August 2012:
https://www.theverge.com/2012/8/13/3239977/apple-and-microsoft-cross-license-agreement-includes-anti-cloning
Foresman, C. (2009) ‘Web Open Font Format backed by Mozilla, type foundries’ ARSTechnica 2 November 2009:
https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2009/11/web-open-font-format-backed-by-mozilla-type-foundries/
Friedlander, J. (2010) ‘Typefaces as History: Aldus Manutius and The Noble Bembo’ The Book Designer, 22 October 2010:
https://www.thebookdesigner.com/typefaces-as-history-aldus-manutius-and-the-noble-bembo/
Chokshi, N. (2016) ‘The Trappist monk whose calligraphy inspired Steve Jobs — and influenced Apple’s designs’ The Washington Post 8 March 2016:
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/arts-and-entertainment/wp/2016/03/08/the-trappist-monk-whose-calligraphy-inspired-steve-jobs-and-influenced-apples-designs/
Avalos, G. (2022) ‘From PDF to cloud to tech titan: Adobe celebrates 40th anniversary’ Seattle Times 8 December 2022: https://www.seattletimes.com/business/from-pdf-to-cloud-to-tech-titan-adobe-celebrates-40th-anniversary
Protalinski, E. (2008) ‘Microsoft: 180 million Vista licenses now sold’ ARSTechnica 18 July 2008: https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2008/07/three-months-later-180-million-vista-licenses-sold-in-total/