database.py

#!/usr/bin/env python

import requests
import math
import random
import dognames as names
from wonderwords import RandomSentence
from werkzeug.security import generate_password_hash
# from dotenv import load_dotenv
from backend import app, db
from backend.models import (User, Dog, Current_Dog, Post, Like,
                            Program, Module, Lesson, Quiz,
                            skills, Skill, Activity, Enrollment)


# load_dotenv()


with app.app_context():
    db.drop_all()
    db.create_all()

    def seed_users():
        for i in range(1, 21):
            db.session.add(
                User(email=f'user{i}@demo.com',
                     hashed_password=generate_password_hash('password')))

        db.session.commit()

    seed_users()

    def seed_dogs():
        dog_names = names.malearr(50) + names.femalearr(50)
        shibe_url = "http://shibe.online/api/shibes?count=100&urls=true&httpsUrls=true"  # noqa
        response = requests.get(shibe_url).json()
        for i in range(100):
            db.session.add(
                Dog(user_id=math.ceil((i+1)/5),
                    name=dog_names[i],
                    image_url=response[i]))

        db.session.commit()

    seed_dogs()

    def seed_current_dogs():
        dog_id = 1
        for i in range(1, 21):
            db.session.add(Current_Dog(user_id=i, dog_id=dog_id))
            dog_id += 5

        db.session.commit()

    seed_current_dogs()

    def seed_posts():
        shibe_url = "http://shibe.online/api/shibes?count=100&urls=true&httpsUrls=true"  # noqa
        response = requests.get(shibe_url).json()
        s = RandomSentence()

        for i in range(100):
            db.session.add(Post(dog_id=i+1, image_url=response[i], body=s.sentence()))  # noqa

        db.session.commit()

    seed_posts()

    demo_post = Post(dog_id=1, image_url="https://cdn.shibe.online/shibes/a21b3d28beec5380ab9eb94b14348be0e67cfb92.jpg", body='안녕 얘들아!!')  # noqa
    demo_post_2 = Post(dog_id=2, image_url="https://cdn.shibe.online/shibes/3f90d003d490dd99124c3230efbb198f85b83702.jpg", body='やぁ、何やってんの')  # noqa
    demo_post_3 = Post(dog_id=3, image_url="https://cdn.shibe.online/shibes/69901d07648a0ba1646b854c7b3114eb8cb7d5d2.jpg", body='hey hey hey')  # noqa

    db.session.add(demo_post)
    db.session.add(demo_post_2)
    db.session.add(demo_post_3)

    def seed_likes():
        for post_id in range(1, 103):
            random_int = math.floor(random.random()*15)
            random_step = math.ceil(random.random()*6)
            for dog_id in range(1, random_int, random_step):
                db.session.add(
                    Like(dog_id=dog_id, post_id=post_id)
                )

        db.session.commit()

    seed_likes()

    # NEW DOG
    # Program
    _1_new_dog = Program(title='New Dog', description='Teach your puppy the love of learning and spending time with you. Training will prevent future behavior problems like eliminating in the wrong places, guarding behavior, biting, etc. Having a trained puppy is a recipe for a happy friendship.')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_1_new_dog)
    db.session.commit()

    # Module 1
    # Lesson 1
    _2_new_dog_module_1 = Module(program_id=1, title='Module 1 - Teach your puppy to pay attention to you')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_2_new_dog_module_1)
    db.session.commit()

    _3_new_dog_module_1_lesson_1 = Lesson(module_id=2, title='Lesson 1 - Handfeeding, Potty training')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_3_new_dog_module_1_lesson_1)
    db.session.commit()

    _4_new_dog_module_1_lesson_1_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=3, prompt='In the first week many new dog parents will hear their puppy crying at night. How should you react when you hear your puppy cry?', choices=['Take the puppy to your arms. You want to create a safe space and bond.', 'Tell your puppy to "hush" and shake lightly by the scruff, as dog mum.', 'Make sure your dog doesn\'t need to pee. Otherwise, ignore the puppy.'], answer_idx=2, explanation=['New home, no siblings, it is normal that your puppy will feel lonely and insecure at night. But, you should think about what your reaction will teach them. Whining = sleeping in the bed. If you don\'t want your dog to sleep in your bed in the future, put earplugs in and ignore your puppy. They will calm down.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_4_new_dog_module_1_lesson_1_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _5_new_dog_module_1_lesson_1_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Hand Feeding', steps=['After this exercise, your dog will pay more attention to you and your hands. Get your dog\'s attention and show super tasty food in your hand.', 'Feed your dog while walking backwards. Your dog follows you and eats from your hand.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_5_new_dog_module_1_lesson_1_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=3, skill_id=5))

    _6_new_dog_module_1_lesson_1_training_skill_2 = Skill(title='Potty Training', steps=['To be successful in potty training it is important to have a consistent schedule. Take your puppy to their designated potty area 15 to 30 minutes after feeding time, or immediately after they wake up.', 'If your dog cannot be taken outside then the spot should be as close to the doors; placing a sponge soaked in urine might help your puppy find the correct place.', 'Once you are outside, concentrate on the mission. Keep your dog on a short lead, allow sniffing, but do not play until they are done.', 'After your pet has been eliminated, praise enthusiastically and reward with time outside to explore, or have playtime.', 'Set reminders to take your puppy outside. A puppy of 1 month can hold it for 1 hour, 2 months - 2 hours, etc. Your dog should not be left alone for longer than six hours without a potty break.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_6_new_dog_module_1_lesson_1_training_skill_2)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=3, skill_id=6))

    _7_new_dog_module_1_lesson_1_activity = Activity(lesson_id=3, tasks=['Introduce your puppy to two family members. They should greet the dog by getting down low to puppy\'s level and pet them gently.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_7_new_dog_module_1_lesson_1_activity)
    db.session.commit()

    # Lesson 2
    _8_new_dog_module_1_lesson_2 = Lesson(module_id=2, title='Lesson 2 - Whistle, Handling, Tug')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_8_new_dog_module_1_lesson_2)
    db.session.commit()

    _9_new_dog_module_1_lesson_2_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=8, prompt='If your dog is trained to go to the toilet at home...', choices=['The designated spot should be near the bed.', 'Rugs and newspapers are good for training.', 'The spot should be in a quiet place.'], answer_idx=2, explanation=["Teaching your dog to eliminate on puppy pads, on paper, or in a litter box can make housebreaking hard. The puppy can develop preferences to peeing on paper and actively seek a similar spot. Later, even a house-trained dog can eliminate on newspaper lying on the floor. The best thing is to teach your puppy to do their business outside."])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_9_new_dog_module_1_lesson_2_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _10_new_dog_module_1_lesson_2_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Whistle', steps=['In this exercise you are teaching your dog to associate a specific whistle sound with a reward / to a treat.', 'Start by standing or sitting next to your dog.', 'Press the whistle button and immediately give a treat.', 'A food reward must follow after each whistle so your dog learns whistle = food. You can use the whistle in the app.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_10_new_dog_module_1_lesson_2_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=8, skill_id=10))

    _11_new_dog_module_1_lesson_2_training_skill_2 = Skill(title='Handling', steps=['It is important that your puppy is used to your hands, being touched and lifted up. This will come very handy in many life situations in the future.', 'Lift your puppy up and put them on your lap or kneel next to them and hug, pulling them close to you. Wait until the puppy is calm and give them some treats.', 'Put your puppy down or stop touching them when they are calm.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_11_new_dog_module_1_lesson_2_training_skill_2)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=8, skill_id=11))

    _12_new_dog_module_1_lesson_2_training_skill_3 = Skill(title='Tug', steps=['Take a rope toy or a napkin, offer it to your dog and move it like a cat toy, wiggling on the ground. Once your dog "attacks" it, praise and gently pull on the toy.', 'When your dog mouths it, gently shake and tug the rope toy to get the dog to hold and pull against you.', 'When your dog tugs back on the rope toy, praise your dog enthusiastically. The game itself is the reward, no need for treats.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_12_new_dog_module_1_lesson_2_training_skill_3)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=8, skill_id=12))

    _13_new_dog_module_1_lesson_2_activity = Activity(lesson_id=8, tasks=['Paws are a sensitive area for many dogs. Touch and apply light pressure when your dog is relaxed so the dog gets used to it.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_13_new_dog_module_1_lesson_2_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Lesson 3
    _14_new_dog_module_1_lesson_3 = Lesson(module_id=2, title='Lesson 3 - Crate I, Name')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_14_new_dog_module_1_lesson_3)
    db.session.commit()

    _15_new_dog_module_1_lesson_3_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=14, prompt='Can the dog\'s crate be used as a punishment?', choices=['True', 'False'], answer_idx=1, explanation=['Crates are a great tool to provide your dog with a safe, puppy-proofed environment, a safe spot to hide from unwanted guests, and somewhere to sleep undisturbed.', 'A crate should be big enough so your dog can stand up and turn around comfortably, with space for food and water bowls. Your dog should not use the crate as a toilet. Soft bedding should be placed on the bottom so your dog can rest comfortably.', 'Do not crate your dog only when you leave home, so your dog does not associate your absence with the crate. When you are at home, provide some random time periods of crating.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_15_new_dog_module_1_lesson_3_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _16_new_dog_module_1_lesson_3_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Crate I', steps=['Crates are a great tool to provide your dog with a safe, puppy-proofed environment.', 'Prepare some tasty treats, think of a verbal cue, for example, "sleep time," or "crate," or "time off" that you will use.', 'Give the cue and toss a treat in the crate. Praise your dog enthusiastically for entering the crate.', 'Give a release cue, "OK," or "free," or "that\'s it," to let your dog know they can exit the crate. Do not treat for leaving the crate.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_16_new_dog_module_1_lesson_3_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=14, skill_id=16))

    _17_new_dog_module_1_lesson_3_training_skill_2 = Skill(title='Name', steps=['Call your dog by name.', 'If your dog does not react, do not call out again. Instead, whistle or make kissy sounds to get the dog to look at you, and follow with a whistle and treat.', 'If your dog keeps their attention on you, distract them by throwing a toy or treat on the ground and call them by name again.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_17_new_dog_module_1_lesson_3_training_skill_2)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=14, skill_id=17))
    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=14, skill_id=12))

    _18_new_dog_module_1_lesson_3_activity = Activity(lesson_id=14, tasks=['Feed tonight\'s dinner from your hands. Your dog will appreciate the food coming directly from you and next time will focus more on your hands.', 'Weigh your dog. Note the weight so you can compare it in the future.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_18_new_dog_module_1_lesson_3_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Lesson 4
    _19_new_dog_module_1_lesson_4 = Lesson(module_id=2, title='Lesson 4 - Meet and greet, Name in a circle')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_19_new_dog_module_1_lesson_4)
    db.session.commit()

    _20_new_dog_module_1_lesson_4_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=19, prompt='As the parent of a two-month-old puppy, your top priority in training should be?', choices=['The puppy is too young to train', 'Socialization and potty training', 'Obedience training'], answer_idx=1, explanation=['It is important to expose your puppy to as many new situations, people, sounds, and environments as you can. If they get acquainted with new things and situations up until they are four-months-old, they will be more relaxed in the future.', 'Potty training: The best time to start house training a dog is between 7,5 and 8,5 weeks. This is when puppies develop preferences and will actively search for the chosen substrate. So, if you teach your dog to pee on grass, your dog will avoid peeing elsewhere.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_20_new_dog_module_1_lesson_4_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _21_new_dog_module_1_lesson_4_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Meet and Greet', steps=['Teach your dog that it is not exciting if you come back home or from the bathroom. This is a building block to being confident when alone.', 'Get your dog\'s attention and feed them a few treats. With your hands or pockets still full of treats, stand up and go to another room or bathroom. Close the door behind you so your puppy is alone.', 'If your dog is not scratching the door, open it and ignore the puppy. Reward them only if they are calm.', 'If your dog is scratching the door wait until they calm down; only then open the door.', 'If your puppy is sxcited to see you and jumps and barks, turn your back on them. Don\'t talk to them or hold any eye contact. Once te dog calms down or sits politely, pet and praise your dog.', 'Once the dog calms down or sits, pet and praise him/her.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_21_new_dog_module_1_lesson_4_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=19, skill_id=21))

    _22_new_dog_module_1_lesson_4_training_skill_2 = Skill(title='Name in a circle', steps=['Make sure all family members are involved in training, so your dog responds to everyone. Sit in a circle or in front of each other, with a few meters in between.', 'One person enthusiastically calls the puppy by name and rewards them with petting and treats.', 'Without a big pause, another person calls the puppy by name and rewards them for reacting. Repeat the exercise, making it as fun as possible.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_22_new_dog_module_1_lesson_4_training_skill_2)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=19, skill_id=22))
    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=19, skill_id=17))

    _23_new_dog_module_1_lesson_4_activity = Activity(lesson_id=19, tasks=['Invite two or three guests over to meet your dog. Socialization with different people is important to your dog\'s development.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_23_new_dog_module_1_lesson_4_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Lesson 5
    _24_new_dog_module_1_lesson_5 = Lesson(module_id=2, title='Lesson 5 - Bite inhibition, Put a collar on your dog')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_24_new_dog_module_1_lesson_5)
    db.session.commit()

    _25_new_dog_module_1_lesson_5_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=24, prompt='Puppies are born with one set of teeth and don\'t change them throughout life.', choices=['True', 'False'], answer_idx=1, explanation=['At around four months of age puppies will start losing their primary teeth. At this stage, your puppy will be showing more chewing, mouthing behavior. Make sure you offer them toys and chews, otherwise your furniture and shoes might be at risk.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_25_new_dog_module_1_lesson_5_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _26_new_dog_module_1_lesson_5_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Bite Inhibition', steps=['Initiate an energetic and rough play session with your puppy. Tease with your hands, roll around with your dog in a playful, yet active, manner.', 'If your puppy gets very excited and bites, squeak in a high pitch, take a time out, and hold your hand as if it hurts.', 'If your puppy doesn\'t react to your squeak and keeps being rough, stand up, leave the room and shut the door. Return after a minute and resume playing.', 'Your puppy will learn that hard bites interrupt and otherwise enjoyable play session. Therefore, will choose to avoid biting or be more gentle.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_26_new_dog_module_1_lesson_5_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=24, skill_id=26))

    _27_new_dog_module_1_lesson_5_training_skill_2 = Skill(title='Put a collar on your dog', steps=['Put on a collar and feed your dog from the hand or play with their favorite toy.', 'Take the collar off and stop any fun activities with your puppy.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_27_new_dog_module_1_lesson_5_training_skill_2)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=24, skill_id=27))
    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=24, skill_id=22))

    _28_new_dog_module_1_lesson_5_activity = Activity(lesson_id=24, tasks=['Check when your dog has to get vaccinated or de-wormed.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_28_new_dog_module_1_lesson_5_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Lesson 6
    _29_new_dog_module_1_lesson_6 = Lesson(module_id=2, title='Lesson 6 - Crate II')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_29_new_dog_module_1_lesson_6)
    db.session.commit()

    _30_new_dog_module_1_lesson_6_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=29, prompt='To avoid your dog seeking attention in undesirable ways you should teach your dog an alternative / default behavior.', choices=['True', 'False'], answer_idx=0, explanation=['Teaching your dogs the canine equivalent of asking "please?" when desiring something can result in a huge improvement in your quality of life. For example, whenever your dog wants something - a toy, an interaction, food, they should sit down politely and wait.', 'Conditioned default or automatic behaviors can override instinctive behaviors. The default behavior is one that the dog can fall back on when eager, frustrated, agitated, or just plain wants something that they cannot get. This behavior needs to be practiced to the point where it becomes automatic in nearly any situation.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_30_new_dog_module_1_lesson_6_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _31_new_dog_module_1_lesson_6_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Crate II', steps=['Give the verbal cue to go to the crate. Once your dog is inside, praise and treat and close the door while giving treats through closed doors. If the dog starts to panic, close the door only halfway.', 'Once you close the door, treat your dog while standing, take a few steps back, then return to give another treat.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_31_new_dog_module_1_lesson_6_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=29, skill_id=31))
    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=29, skill_id=27))

    _32_new_dog_module_1_lesson_6_activity = Activity(lesson_id=29, tasks=['Ring the door bell, reward for no reaction. A lot of dogs get excited about the doorbell because this means guests or strangers are coming.', 'Initiate a play when your dog is relaxed or sleeping so your dog learns that being calm also earns your attention.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_32_new_dog_module_1_lesson_6_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Lesson 7
    _33_new_dog_module_1_lesson_7 = Lesson(module_id=2, title='Lesson 7 - Revision')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_33_new_dog_module_1_lesson_7)
    db.session.commit()

    _34_new_dog_module_1_lesson_7_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=33, prompt='When should you deliver a reward?', choices=['Immediately after the whistle signal', 'Just before pressing the whistle'], answer_idx=0, explanation=['A treat should follow immediately after the whistle, as this marks the exact moment when your dog performed. Reward for the performance.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_34_new_dog_module_1_lesson_7_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=33, skill_id=31))

    _35_new_dog_module_1_lesson_7_activity = Activity(lesson_id=33, tasks=['Meet your neighbor\'s dogs in a neutral environment. Keep all dogs on a leash, so you can control the situation.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_35_new_dog_module_1_lesson_7_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Module 2
# Lesson 1
    _36_new_dog_module_2 = Module(program_id=1, title='Module 2 - Teach basic commands')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_36_new_dog_module_2)
    db.session.commit()

    _37_new_dog_module_2_lesson_1 = Lesson(module_id=36, title='Lesson 1 - Resource guarding, Name II')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_37_new_dog_module_2_lesson_1)
    db.session.commit()

    _38_new_dog_module_2_lesson_1_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=37, prompt='A puppy should not meet other dogs or people until after their second vaccination as the puppy could get an infection.', choices=['True', 'False'], answer_idx=0, explanation=['There was an ongoing debate about how high the risk is for a puppy to explore the world before their second vaccination. Many veterinarians and trainers are united in the opinion that the risk of not being socialized for life is higher than the risk of viruses. Of course, take possible precautions.', 'Do not take your puppy to places where there are many dogs. Carry your dog in your arms and visit friends\' dogs of who are healthy and vaccinated. You can also organize car rides so your dog can sniff and view the world through a window.', 'Puppies are curious and love to explore. Young puppies learn things effortlessly. The more new situations, environments, surfaces, and sounds they experience, the easier it is to live with them later. It is important to expose them to as many people, animals, and sounds as possible until they are 16-weeks-old, when fear starts developing. If puppies are constantly exposed to a situation or person they are more likely to react positively in the future.', 'Puppy socialization is the most important task you have as a dog parent.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_38_new_dog_module_2_lesson_1_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _39_new_dog_module_2_lesson_1_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Resource Guarding', steps=['Put half of a portion of low value food like their kibble in a bowl, and while your dog is eating, stand at a distance and in a friendly voice say "what have you got there?" as you toss a high-value treat towards your dog. You want the treat to mean more to the dog than the food in the bowl, so your approach is seen as a wonderful thing.', 'Toss some food, stand up, take a few steps and toss food again, approaching and distancing from the dog. Your dog should be happy and relaxed when you approach.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_39_new_dog_module_2_lesson_1_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=37, skill_id=39))

    _40_new_dog_module_2_lesson_1_training_skill_2 = Skill(title='Name II', steps=['Perfect the name command, so that every time you call your dog he looks in your eyes, not at your hand holding the treat.', 'Call your dog by name. If they look in your eyes, whistle & treat.', 'If your dog looks in your direction but not into your eyes, DO NOT TREAT.', 'Hold the treat near your forehead. When your dog looks into your eyes, C&T.', 'Once the dog gets used to keeping eye contact, hide the treat in your pocket.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_40_new_dog_module_2_lesson_1_training_skill_2)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=37, skill_id=40))

    _41_new_dog_module_2_lesson_1_training_skill_3 = Skill(title='Crate II', steps=['Give the verbal cue to go to the crate. Once your dog is inside, praise and treat and close the door while giving treats through closed doors. If the dog starts to panic, close the door only halfway.', 'Once you close the door, treat tour dog while standing, take a few steps back, then return to give another treat.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_41_new_dog_module_2_lesson_1_training_skill_3)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=37, skill_id=41))

    _42_new_dog_module_2_lesson_1_activity = Activity(lesson_id=37, tasks=['Pass by a pharmacy. Greet an elderly person and ask them to reward your dog so your dog gets used to them.', 'Brush your dog\'s teeth. There is a special dog toothpaste that tastes like meat, with a positive association that teaches your dog to love tooth brushing.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_42_new_dog_module_2_lesson_1_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Lesson 2
    _43_new_dog_module_2_lesson_2 = Lesson(module_id=36, title='Lesson 2 - Crate III, Search')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_43_new_dog_module_2_lesson_2)
    db.session.commit()

    _44_new_dog_module_2_lesson_2_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=43, prompt='A dog needs a set of rules, so they are less stressed.', choices=['True', 'False'], answer_idx=0, explanation=['In a family, agree on the rules i.e. how the dog has to behave, what is allowed, and what is not. Will the pup be allowed, and what is not. Will the pip be allowed on a sofa, to sleep in bed, etc? It is important that everybody follows the same rules and the training methods are consistent. This will cause less confusion and misunderstanding.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_44_new_dog_module_2_lesson_2_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _45_new_dog_module_2_lesson_2_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Crate III', steps=['Prepare a food bowl, a chew toy, or a toy stuffed with canned food.', 'Give the verbal cue to go to the crate and serve food or give a toy; close the door once the dog enters. Stay in the same room and read a book or watch TV.', 'If your dog is not done with the food or toy, open the door but do not let them bring food out of the crate. The dog has to understand that good things happen only in the crate.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_45_new_dog_module_2_lesson_2_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=43, skill_id=45))

    _46_new_dog_module_2_lesson_2_training_skill_2 = Skill(title='Search', steps=['The exercise is used to concentrate attention on the owner and release minor tensions; relax.', 'Sit down and show a treat to the dog. With the verbal cue "search," throw a treat on the ground towards the dog.', 'When the dog finds the treat and looks at you, immediately throw a second treat with the cue "search." Throw treats towards thed og, but vary the sides.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_46_new_dog_module_2_lesson_2_training_skill_2)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=43, skill_id=46))

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=43, skill_id=40))

    _47_new_dog_module_2_lesson_2_activity = Activity(lesson_id=43, tasks=['Put your dog in a bathtub/shower, let the water run slowly, praise and reward your dog enthusiastically. With this activity build a positive association with the bathroom.', 'Feed tonight\'s dinner from your hands. Your dog will appreciate the food coming directly from you and next time will focus more on your hands.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_47_new_dog_module_2_lesson_2_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Lesson 3
    _48_new_dog_module_2_lesson_3 = Lesson(module_id=36, title='Lesson 3 - Handling II, Sit')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_48_new_dog_module_2_lesson_3)
    db.session.commit()

    _49_new_dog_module_2_lesson_3_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=48, prompt='At what age does a sense of fear develop?', choices=['One-month-old', 'Four-month-old', 'One-year-old', 'Never'], answer_idx=1, explanation=['Between the 12th and 16th weeks of life, the socialization period starts closing. Dogs start to become wary of other pets and humans that they don\'t know. Here, they will need a lot of positive reinforcement and support. We suggest whenever your puppy is in an unpleasant situation (like a vet visit, fireworks, etc.) meet the fear with a laugh and distract your friend with a game. A soothing reassurance and hiding with your pup under the table just deepens the experience instead of making the situation something to be laughed at. We suggest you walk your dog on the leash, so if he/she gets into any new, fearful situations you can easily take control.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_49_new_dog_module_2_lesson_3_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _50_new_dog_module_2_lesson_3_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Handling II', steps=['Lift your puppy up and put them on your lap or kneel next to them and hug, pulling them close to you. Wait until the puppy is calm and give them some treats.', 'Touch your puppy\'s paws, check between nails. Reward them for a calm reaction.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_50_new_dog_module_2_lesson_3_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=48, skill_id=50))

    _51_new_dog_module_2_lesson_3_training_skill_2 = Skill(title='Sit', steps=['Treat in your hand, lift it from your dog\'s nose over their head.', 'Reward only when your dog sits down completely.', 'If your dog stays sitting, call your dog to you and repeat the exercise.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_51_new_dog_module_2_lesson_3_training_skill_2)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=48, skill_id=51))

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=48, skill_id=46))

    _52_new_dog_module_2_lesson_3_activity = Activity(lesson_id=48, tasks=['Greet three men, ask them to give a treat to your dog. You want your dog to like men.', 'Ask your dog for a sit before giving food. It is a great way to show your dog how you want them to behave when excited or asking for something. You want your dog to sit, instead of jumping around.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_52_new_dog_module_2_lesson_3_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Lesson 4
    _53_new_dog_module_2_lesson_4 = Lesson(module_id=36, title='Lesson 4 - Come, Down')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_53_new_dog_module_2_lesson_4)
    db.session.commit()

    _54_new_dog_module_2_lesson_4_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=53, prompt='Before your dog learns a reliable recall, they should always be on a leash.', choices=['True', 'False'], answer_idx=0, explanation=['A dog who is still learning perfect recall is safer on a leash. Even in a fenced-off area, we recommend having a five-meter-long leash on the dog. Put it on the ground so the dog can drag it with them. If you need to call the dog back to you and the dog is distracted, you can gently pull on it and encourage the dog to come. The worst lesson is when we call the dog back to us, they ignore us, and we let the cue vanish into thin air. The leash allows the dog freedom, but also guarantees that the dog comes back when called. Recall is the most important skill in your friendship.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_54_new_dog_module_2_lesson_4_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _55_new_dog_module_2_lesson_4_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Come', steps=['At home call "come," and run away from your dog.', 'If your dog follows, praise them very enthusiastically and give lots of treats.', 'If your dog is not interested, take a squeaky toy and play energetically with it. Only if you get your dog\'s attention, call "come," and show the toy to your dog. Praise very enthusiastically, and play with your dog.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_55_new_dog_module_2_lesson_4_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=53, skill_id=55))

    _56_new_dog_module_2_lesson_4_training_skill_2 = Skill(title='Down', steps=['Make your dog focus on you and your hand with a treat. Keep the treat near your dog\'s nose.', 'Slowly move the treat downwards in front of your dong\'s nose.', 'Once chest and elbows are on the ground, reward with another W&T!', 'Alternatively, try this method - if your dog is struggling you can sit down, bend your knees, and lure your dog to crawl under. Once his/her body is under your knees, W&T.', 'Once the dog gets comfortable crawling, hold your hand with a treat on the ground, next to your leg. Squeeze the treat between your fingers so it takes time to eat it. When your dog lays down, W&T.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_56_new_dog_module_2_lesson_4_training_skill_2)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=53, skill_id=56))

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=53, skill_id=51))

    _57_new_dog_module_2_lesson_4_activity = Activity(lesson_id=53, tasks=['Train recall. Call your dog to you before serving dinner.', 'Walk Strangely, swinging from side to side, reward your dog for friendly, curious behavior. In this way teach your dog to ignore people who walk in uncoordinated ways, e.g. kids, drunk people.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_57_new_dog_module_2_lesson_4_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Lesson 5
    _58_new_dog_module_2_lesson_5 = Lesson(module_id=36, title='Lesson 5 - Sit II')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_58_new_dog_module_2_lesson_5)
    db.session.commit()

    _59_new_dog_module_2_lesson_5_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=58, prompt='Dogs are good at generalizing, e.g. a baby, a child, a man or an older woman, in your dog\'s mind, are all the same and put in a category "people."', choices=['True', 'False'], answer_idx=0, explanation=['Dogs, unlike humans, are good at generalizing. For a reliable response in real-life situations, train your dog in different circumstances.', 'Surfaces: dogs might feel uncomfortable sitting or laying down on sand, carpet, grass, pavement, etc.', 'Environment: performing at home is different to outside, where, for example, cars, strangers, and dogs are distracting. Increase the stimuli slowly, and train in different environments.', 'Your dog may sit down perfectly in front of you, but does he or she respond to you when you stand diagonally to their body position, or behind them?'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_59_new_dog_module_2_lesson_5_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _60_new_dog_module_2_lesson_5_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Sit II', steps=['In this exercise, we want to add a verbal cue and fade out the luring. Start with your dog laying or standing near you.', 'As in level 1, lure your dog into a sit by lifting your hand from the dog\'s nose in an upward direction. Just before the dog sits, add a verbal cue SIT. Whistle and treat when the dog sits down.', 'Repeat the exercise. Give a verbal cue and do the gesture with an empty hand. Once your dog gets into the position, whistle and give them a treat from your pocket.', 'If your dog stays sitting, call your dog to you and repeat the exercise.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_60_new_dog_module_2_lesson_5_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=58, skill_id=60))

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=58, skill_id=56))

    _61_new_dog_module_2_lesson_5_activity = Activity(lesson_id=58, tasks=['Do a training session in a different room than usual. Dogs find it harder to focus in another environment.', 'Ask your dog to sit before opening the door to go outside. It helps your dog to focus and pay attention to you.', ])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_61_new_dog_module_2_lesson_5_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Lesson 6
    _62_new_dog_module_2_lesson_6 = Lesson(module_id=36, title='Lesson 6 - Down II, Put on a leash')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_62_new_dog_module_2_lesson_6)
    db.session.commit()

    _63_new_dog_module_2_lesson_6_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=62, prompt='What is positive training?', choices=['You are not allowed to correct or use negative cues when training.', 'Reward our dog for the behavior you like.', 'Both'], answer_idx=1, explanation=['Positive dog training is based on the principle that if you reward and praise a dog for a behavior, the dog is more likely to repeat it and offer it to you. Often misbehavior, like aggression, biting, or barking stems from fear and timidity. So, pulling on a collar, or scolding your dog when they bark at a man with a hat because your dog is terrified of hats, is making things much worse. With impatience and harsh treatment, you only confirm that the dog has to be fearful of hats, because whenever your pup sees a hat and tries to warn you, you shout at the dog and pull on its lead causing an unpleasant sensation. Be patient and ignore the unwanted behavior, or redirect your dog\'s attention to other things like a toy, a treat, or a change in walking direction.', 'Also, praise your dog when they do not react to a passing cyclist or a ball bouncing nearby. Even though you take it for granted that a dog should not run away and catch the ball, it is against your dog\'s instincts to stay non-reactive to a fast-moving object.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_63_new_dog_module_2_lesson_6_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _64_new_dog_module_2_lesson_6_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Down II', steps=['In this exercise, add a verbal cue and fade out the luring. Start with your dog sitting or standing near you.', 'Give your dog the command "down," and wait without showing the food.', 'Repeat the exercise. Give a verbal cue and do the gesture with an empty hand. Once your dog gets into the position, whistle and give them a treat from your pocket.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_64_new_dog_module_2_lesson_6_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=62, skill_id=64))

    _65_new_dog_module_2_lesson_6_training_skill_2 = Skill(title='Put on a leash', steps=['Ask your dog to "sit," without rewards this time. Have your leash within arms reach.', 'Pick up the leash. If your dog barks or jumps, put the leash on the floor and turn your back to your dog.', 'Once your dog has calmed down, pick the leash back up.', 'Only attach the leash once your dog is calm. Off you go for a good, long walk. After all that hard work, you don\'t need whistles and treats here. The walk is a reward in itself!'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_65_new_dog_module_2_lesson_6_training_skill_2)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=62, skill_id=60))

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=62, skill_id=56))

    _66_new_dog_module_2_lesson_6_activity = Activity(lesson_id=62, tasks=['Ask your dog to sit while you put on the leash. Walking outside is an exciting time, sitting down will prevent your dog getting hyper even before you leave the house.', 'Practice the "down" exercise five times on asphalt. A different surface might surprise your dog and you want to teach them a reliable response in all life-situations.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_66_new_dog_module_2_lesson_6_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Lesson 7
    _67_new_dog_module_2_lesson_7 = Lesson(module_id=36, title='Lesson 7 - Revision')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_67_new_dog_module_2_lesson_7)
    db.session.commit()

    _68_new_dog_module_2_lesson_7_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=67, prompt='It is natural for dogs to hold eye contact with humans.', choices=['True', 'False'], answer_idx=1, explanation=['In dog-to-dog language staring into the eyes is threatening behavior. However, dogs have learned to communicate with humans by looking them in the eyes. With training, dogs learn to check-in with their humans and hold eye-contact. This is a very useful skill, so your dog not only relies on sound but also on your body language cues.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_68_new_dog_module_2_lesson_7_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=67, skill_id=65))

    _69_new_dog_module_2_lesson_7_activity = Activity(lesson_id=67, tasks=['Brush your dog\'s coat. Praise and reward your dog for not resisting.', 'Invite a guest to your house and ask your dog to greet them politely by sitting down. Teach your dog the polite way to say, "Hello."'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_69_new_dog_module_2_lesson_7_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Module 3
# Lesson 1
    _70_new_dog_module_3 = Module(program_id=1, title='Module 3 - Teach your puppy impulse control')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_70_new_dog_module_3)
    db.session.commit()

    _71_new_dog_module_3_lesson_1 = Lesson(module_id=70, title='Lesson 1 - Walking on a leash')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_71_new_dog_module_3_lesson_1)
    db.session.commit()

    _72_new_dog_module_3_lesson_1_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=71, prompt='Your dog sees another dog and starts barking and pulling on a lead. This is because your dog...?', choices=['Is fearful', 'Is aggressive', 'Wants to socialize', 'All of the above'], answer_idx=3, explanation=['There are 3 types of reactivities on a leash, and they need different training solutions.', 'Offensive Aggression Reactivity. The dog who truly dislikes the other dog or person wants to get them.', 'Defensive Aggression Reactivity. The fearful dog who tries to act scary so the other dog or person doesn\'t approach.', 'Frustration Reactivity. The dog who loves to engage with other dogs or people and is frustrated when they are denied this interaction.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_72_new_dog_module_3_lesson_1_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _73_new_dog_module_3_lesson_1_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Walking on a leash', steps=['Start at home. In one hand, hold a leash about two meters long; in the other, a whistle and treats.', 'Start walking when the dog is not pulling on a leash, keep whistling & treating (W&T).', 'Change direction, increase the length of the leash.', 'Whenever the leash tightens and the dog pulls, stop, wait until your dog looks at you, then W&T.', 'Hold the treat near your knees, so the dog has to come to you.', 'If the dog keeps pulling and doesn\'t look at you, change direction.', 'Increase the leash length. The leash should never be stretched for more than a few seconds. Treat your dog intensely for keeping the leash loose.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_73_new_dog_module_3_lesson_1_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=71, skill_id=73))

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=71, skill_id=65))

    _74_new_dog_module_3_lesson_1_activity = Activity(lesson_id=71, tasks=['Pass by a pharmacy. Greet an elderly person and ask them to reward your dog so your dog gets used to them.', 'Brush your dog\'s teeth. There is a special dog toothpaste that tastes like meat, with a positive association that teaches your dog to love tooth brushing.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_74_new_dog_module_3_lesson_1_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Lesson 2
    _75_new_dog_module_3_lesson_2 = Lesson(module_id=70, title='Lesson 2 - Come with distraction, Handling III')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_75_new_dog_module_3_lesson_2)
    db.session.commit()

    _76_new_dog_module_3_lesson_2_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=75, prompt='In a park you call your dog 30 times to come back to you, the dog comes after ten minutes once they are done with sniffing. You should...?', choices=['Be firm and angry, show that you don\'t approve of the behavior', 'Say nothing, clip the leash, and go home', 'Be happy and praise your dog for coming back to you'], answer_idx=2, explanation=['Coming back to you has to be the best, most fun thing in the world for your dog. Recall is a very reward-intensive trick. Remember, even if your dog takes longer than you would like, be very positive and enthusiastic and give lots of love. You are competing for your dog\'s attention against all the people, cars, dogs, animals, and other distractions outside. If you are in a park, call your dog but don\'t go back home immediately. Leash your dog for a moment, then release to let sniff and play again. This is so your dog doesn\'t think that whenever you call them back they have to go home. This is a punishment for your dog, as usually outside is more fun than inside. Never get angry with your dog for coming to you.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_76_new_dog_module_3_lesson_2_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _77_new_dog_module_3_lesson_2_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Come with distraction', steps=['Have your dog on a leash. Throw a treat or a toy away from your dog on the ground.', 'Call "come." If the dog doesn\'t react, pull gently on the leash. Reward generously and praise enthusiastically for coming to you.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_77_new_dog_module_3_lesson_2_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=75, skill_id=77))

    _78_new_dog_module_3_lesson_2_training_skill_2 = Skill(title='Handling III', steps=['Lift your puppy up and put them on your lap or kneel next to them and hug, pulling them close to you. Wait until the puppy is calm and give them some treats.', 'Take a clean paper tissue and wrap it around your finger. With the tissue clean the ear without moving your finger in the ear canal.', 'Speak in a happy tone and reward your dog generously for not resisting you.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_78_new_dog_module_3_lesson_2_training_skill_2)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=75, skill_id=78))

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=75, skill_id=73))

    _79_new_dog_module_3_lesson_2_activity = Activity(lesson_id=75, tasks=['Train recall. Call your dog to you before serving dinner.', 'At home, walkf lifting your legs high, reward your dog for friendly or no reaction. In this way you teach your dog to ignore people who walk in uncoordinated ways, e.g. kids, drunk people.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_79_new_dog_module_3_lesson_2_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Lesson 3
    _80_new_dog_module_3_lesson_3 = Lesson(module_id=70, title='Lesson 3 - Give back, Take it')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_80_new_dog_module_3_lesson_3)
    db.session.commit()

    _81_new_dog_module_3_lesson_3_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=80, prompt='You are playing with your dog with a ball. Your dog takes the ball but doesn\'t bring it back. In the situation you should...', choices=['Chase your dog and take it back.', 'Raise your voice, so your dog gets scared and gives it back.', 'Enthusiastically encourage your dog to come to you.'], answer_idx=2, explanation=['Don\'t chase your dog; this just makes it more fun to run away from you. Be playful and encourage your dog to come to you, showing it is more fun to play together than alone.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_81_new_dog_module_3_lesson_3_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _82_new_dog_module_3_lesson_3_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Give back', steps=['Take your dog\'s toy and play with it, bounce it, squeak it, so your dog gets excited.', 'Give the toy to the dog.', 'Offer your hand with the treat between your fingers and say "give back."', 'Once your dog drops the toy, whistle & treat (W&T).', 'Toss the toy. Only W&T when your dog brings the toy back to you and drops it.', 'If your dog is not giving the toy back, do not chase or try to pull the toy. This will just encourage your dog to resist. Sit and wait, so it is boring for your dog to play alone.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_82_new_dog_module_3_lesson_3_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=80, skill_id=82))

    _83_new_dog_module_3_lesson_3_training_skill_2 = Skill(title='Take it', steps=['With a treat in your hand, give the command "take it." The dog reaches for the treat, whistle & treat (W&T).', 'Hold your hand with the treat in different positions: behind you, on the side, at different heights, and repeat the exercise.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_83_new_dog_module_3_lesson_3_training_skill_2)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=80, skill_id=83))

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=80, skill_id=78))

    _84_new_dog_module_3_lesson_3_activity = Activity(lesson_id=80, tasks=['Today ask somebody else to train your dog. It is great if your dog learns to listen to all family members, friends, dog walkers, etc.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_84_new_dog_module_3_lesson_3_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Lesson 4
    _85_new_dog_module_3_lesson_4 = Lesson(module_id=70, title='Lesson 4 - Resource guarding III')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_85_new_dog_module_3_lesson_4)
    db.session.commit()

    _86_new_dog_module_3_lesson_4_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=85, prompt='How long should a training session be for a three month-old puppy?', choices=['5 min', '10 min', '20 min'], answer_idx=0, explanation=['Puppies have short attention spans, so five minutes a few times a day is perfect. Always finish on a good note with the exercises your dog knows well and enjoys, so they will be more excited to train next time. Finish the training before your puppy loses interest. You want yourdog to have a positive association with training. Be rewarding, enthusiastic, and interesting!'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_86_new_dog_module_3_lesson_4_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _87_new_dog_module_3_lesson_4_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Resource guarding III', steps=['Sit next to your dog\'s bowl with canned food and put one spoon in the bowl, once they are finished, put another one in, etc.', 'If your dog is relaxed, pat them just before giving him/her fantastic treats. Hold lightly on their collar and pour some extra treats on the top of the food.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_87_new_dog_module_3_lesson_4_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=85, skill_id=87))

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=85, skill_id=83))

    _88_new_dog_module_3_lesson_4_activity = Activity(lesson_id=85, tasks=['Feed tonight\'s dinner from your hands. Your dog will appreciate the food coming directly from you and next time will focus more on your hands.', 'Do training while the vacuum cleaner is on. The loud, roaring sound is a big distraction that will make the training harder.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_88_new_dog_module_3_lesson_4_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Lesson 5
    _89_new_dog_module_3_lesson_5 = Lesson(module_id=70, title='Lesson 5 - Gotcha!, Prevent jumping')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_89_new_dog_module_3_lesson_5)
    db.session.commit()

    _90_new_dog_module_3_lesson_5_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=89, prompt='Can you correct your dog\'s behavior if you use positive training?', choices=['Correct only if you catch the dog misbehaving', 'Positive training doesn\'t allow corrections.'], answer_idx=0, explanation=['Correct the unwanted behavior only if you catch the dog at the exact moment, e.g. tearing up a blanket, chewing on your shoe. If you shout "BAD DOG!" when the dog has already finished the destruction and is relaxing on their bed, the dog will just think you are crazy and unhappy that they are sleeping on their bed, which was fine before.', 'Chasing your dog in order to get the shoe back or pulling on a blanket will make it only more amusing to your friend and encourage the behavior.', 'In any situation think of what you want your dog to do instead. For example, offer a chew toy instead, ask for a few obedience tricks, and start engaging with your dog. It is your responsibility to schedule regular play sessions and interactions with your dog, so they don\'t seek your attention with this negative behavior, which will definitely catch your attention.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_90_new_dog_module_3_lesson_5_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _91_new_dog_module_3_lesson_5_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Gotcha!', steps=['Many dogs dislike being grabbed by the collar, as it usually means bad news: playtime over, another dog is approaching, confinement time. Inadvertently, many of us have taught our dogs to dislike it.', 'To prevent being hand-shy, hold your puppy on a collar and hand-feed them.', 'At home, interrupt a play session by grabbing your dog\'s collar, asking for a sit, and praising with a treat. Renew the play session.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_91_new_dog_module_3_lesson_5_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=89, skill_id=91))

    _92_new_dog_module_3_lesson_5_training_skill_2 = Skill(title='Prevent jumping', steps=['Most dogs jump in order to greet people or seek attention. The behavior sticks as people often inadvertently "praise" the behavior by petting, talking to, or engaging with the dog.', 'Come into the room and be very excited to see your dog; talk to them enthusiastically. If your dog jumps, turn your back to them and only pay attention or talk to your dog when they have four paws on the floor. You should make no eye contact, and stand completely still.', 'Some dogs learn better if they are given a different task to do rather than just told what not to do. When your dog comes towards you, ask them to sit before they get the chance to jump. Reward with attention.', 'If your dog is overly excited and keeps jumping, leave the room and come in again.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_92_new_dog_module_3_lesson_5_training_skill_2)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=89, skill_id=92))

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=89, skill_id=87))

    _93_new_dog_module_3_lesson_5_activity = Activity(lesson_id=89, tasks=['Check your dog\'s ears. Clean? The skin should be free of dirt and odorless.', 'Come in to a room, clap your hands, jump happily so you excite your dog and provoke them to jump. Pet and reward for not jumping on you with front paws.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_93_new_dog_module_3_lesson_5_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Lesson 6
    _94_new_dog_module_3_lesson_6 = Lesson(module_id=70, title='Lesson 6 - Walking on a leash II')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_94_new_dog_module_3_lesson_6)
    db.session.commit()

    _95_new_dog_module_3_lesson_6_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=94, prompt='You should constantly rotate your dog\'s toys', choices=['True', 'False'], answer_idx=0, explanation=['Every day, rotate yourdog\'s toys, so he/she is excited by them when they reappear. Make the toys seem special and play with them at the start of the day. This is especially important if you are leaving the dog home alone.', 'Make one toy very special, one that your dog would be very excited to work for. Put this toy away when you are not training.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_95_new_dog_module_3_lesson_6_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _96_new_dog_module_3_lesson_6_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Walking on a leash II', steps=['While at home or in the garden, put your dog on a leash. Hold the leash in one hand, in the other hand have the whistle and treats. Start walking.', 'Suddenly stop and wait. You want your dog to sit down. The dot sits, W&T.', 'If your dog does not sit down, lure with the treat, lifting it from the dog\'s nose upwards.', 'Halt randomly and treat only when your dog stops immediately and sits down.', ''])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_96_new_dog_module_3_lesson_6_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=94, skill_id=96))

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=94, skill_id=92))

    _97_new_dog_module_3_lesson_6_activity = Activity(lesson_id=94, tasks=['Ask a friend to check your dog\'s ears and nails - reward your dog for no reaction. Great way to practice visits to the vet or for competitions.', 'Sit in a park on a bench with your dog for ten minutes, calmly observing passers-by. Reward your dog for settling down. You want your dog to learn to react in public places.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_97_new_dog_module_3_lesson_6_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Lesson 7
    _98_new_dog_module_3_lesson_7 = Lesson(module_id=70, title='Lesson 7 - Revision')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_98_new_dog_module_3_lesson_7)
    db.session.commit()

    _99_new_dog_module_3_lesson_7_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=98, prompt='Using one word to name several behaviors, e.g. word "off" for leave it/ jump out of the car/ take off my jacket, makes it easier for the dog to understand you.', choices=['True', 'False'], answer_idx=1, explanation=['Verbal cues are short, sharp, clear words that name a behavior. It is important that the behavior is named in one word, and only that word. Everybody training the dog should use the same cue. Don\'t create complex commands, e.g. "sit and stay in place." That is just too much to digest. Do not be ambiguous; if "down" means lay down on the floor, do not use the same command to say "jump off the sofa" or "look under the table." Name the behavior only when your dog performs a command correctly eight times out of ten. Naming the behavior too early will only confuse your dog.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_99_new_dog_module_3_lesson_7_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=98, skill_id=96))

    _100_new_dog_module_3_lesson_7_activity = Activity(lesson_id=98, tasks=['Do the training in a quiet park. To have a reliable response it is important to change the environment for training.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_100_new_dog_module_3_lesson_7_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Module 4
# Lesson 1
    _101_new_dog_module_4 = Module(program_id=1, title='Module 4 - Improve your dog\'s concentration')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_101_new_dog_module_4)
    db.session.commit()

    _102_new_dog_module_4_lesson_1 = Lesson(module_id=101, title='Lesson 1 - Closed fist, Sit & stay')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_102_new_dog_module_4_lesson_1)
    db.session.commit()

    _103_new_dog_module_4_lesson_1_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=102, prompt='Your dog is seeking your attention by barking, jumping, or whining. In the situation you should...', choices=['Ignore the dog', 'Engage with your dog'], answer_idx=0, explanation=['A lot of "annoying" behavior is often involuntarily "praised" as we start petting, talking to, or engaging with the dog when they become extra loud or active. If you do this, the next time your dog seeks attention, they will repeat this negative behavior. Make sure you get into a habit of engaging with your dog when they are calm, and ignore their attention-seeking.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_103_new_dog_module_4_lesson_1_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _104_new_dog_module_4_lesson_1_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Closed fist', steps=['Hold a treat in your palm, 50 cm above and 5 cm away from the dog\'s nose. Slowly lower your palm towards your dog\'s nose.', 'If the dog stays calm, praise and allow your dog to take the treat.', 'If the dog\'s nose or body leans towards the treat, close your fist and raise it back to the starting point. Start from the beginning.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_104_new_dog_module_4_lesson_1_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=102, skill_id=104))

    _105_new_dog_module_4_lesson_1_training_skill_2 = Skill(title='Sit & stay', steps=['Give the command "sit." Do not whistle immediately, wait a few seconds.', 'The dog stays sitting; whistle and treat (W&T).', 'If your dog breaks the position or starts whining or barking, DO NOT TREAT until they sit quietly.', 'Make your dog stay in the sit position for ten seconds, whistle and throw a treat on the ground so your dog leaves the position.', 'Repeat the exercise.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_105_new_dog_module_4_lesson_1_training_skill_2)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=102, skill_id=105))

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=102, skill_id=96))

    _106_new_dog_module_4_lesson_1_activity = Activity(lesson_id=102, tasks=['Pass by a kindergarten, reward your dog intensively for focusing on you.', 'Ask your dog for a sit before giving food. It is a great way to show your dog how you want them to behave when excited or asking for something. You want your dog to sit, instead of jumping around.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_106_new_dog_module_4_lesson_1_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Lesson 2
    _107_new_dog_module_4_lesson_2 = Lesson(module_id=101, title='Lesson 2 - Settle down, Take it II')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_107_new_dog_module_4_lesson_2)
    db.session.commit()

    _108_new_dog_module_4_lesson_2_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=107, prompt='Some dogs need to learn to relax', choices=['True', 'False'], answer_idx=0, explanation=['Many high energy dogs need to be taught to relax, otherwise having a dog who is constantly whining or patting you for attention and play can be frustrating. Physical exercise is important, but a lot of physical exercise builds up stamina and your dog will need even more exercise to be relaxed. Dog training, puzzle/ scent games, and chew toys are great for tiring your dog out. Don\'t forget to reward them and pay attention when they are calm and relaxing. We want to show them that calm behavior is something that we also appreciate.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_108_new_dog_module_4_lesson_2_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _109_new_dog_module_4_lesson_2_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Settle down', steps=['At home, put a leash on your puppy. Engage in a short cuddling or play session then sit down to read a book. The leash stays under your foot.', 'Once your dog settles down next to you, praise and reward.', 'Stand up again, engage again with your dog, then go back to reading.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_109_new_dog_module_4_lesson_2_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=107, skill_id=109))

    _110_new_dog_module_4_lesson_2_training_skill_2 = Skill(title='Take it II', steps=['Take your dog\'s favorite toy, tease your dog with it, and get your dog excited.', 'Once the dog wants to play with the toy hold it out and say "take it."', 'Once the dog grabs it, click and treat (C&T).', 'Toss the toy; once the dog picks it up, C&T.', 'Vary the objects.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_110_new_dog_module_4_lesson_2_training_skill_2)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=107, skill_id=110))

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=107, skill_id=105))

    _111_new_dog_module_4_lesson_2_activity = Activity(lesson_id=107, tasks=['Initiate a play when your dog is relaxed or sleeping so your dog learns that being calm also earns your attention.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_111_new_dog_module_4_lesson_2_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Lesson 3
    _112_new_dog_module_4_lesson_3 = Lesson(module_id=101, title='Lesson 3 - Closed fist II')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_112_new_dog_module_4_lesson_3)
    db.session.commit()

    _113_new_dog_module_4_lesson_3_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=112, prompt='Your friendly dog wants to greet other dogs', choices=['Always allow it, so your dog gets enough social exposure', 'Sometimes allow it', 'Never allow it, your dog should be focused on you'], answer_idx=1, explanation=['Dogs who are always allowed to greet other dogs or people are at a higher risk of becoming frustrated when they are not allowed to greet every dog they meet on a walk. This dog will eventually pull, bark, or lunge when they see another dog. Although there are no bad intentions, the dog becomes hard to handle and also to train in public. It is important to teach your dog that they can only approach other dogs when they are calm, hold eye contact with you, and get your permission to say "Hi."', 'Also, always remember to ask the other dog owner as they dog may not be social.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_113_new_dog_module_4_lesson_3_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _114_new_dog_module_4_lesson_3_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Closed fist II', steps=['Hold treats in your palm. Lower your palm towards your dog from different directions.', 'Decrease the distance between the dog\'s nose and your palm.', 'When the dog stays calm and does not show interest in the treat, praise and give the treat.', 'If the dog\'s nose or body leans towards the treat, close your fist and raise it back to the starting point. Start from the beginning.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_114_new_dog_module_4_lesson_3_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=112, skill_id=114))

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=112, skill_id=105))

    _115_new_dog_module_4_lesson_3_activity = Activity(lesson_id=112, tasks=['Greet three men, ask them to give a treat to your dog. You want your dog to like men.', 'Outside, observe people or dogs from a distance without approaching them. You want to prevent frustration reactivity. This activity will show that your dog is not always allowed to interact with others.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_115_new_dog_module_4_lesson_3_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Lesson 4
    _116_new_dog_module_4_lesson_4 = Lesson(module_id=101, title='Lesson 4 - Search II, Sit & stay II')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_116_new_dog_module_4_lesson_4)
    db.session.commit()

    _117_new_dog_module_4_lesson_4_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=116, prompt='A five-month-old puppy is more motivated by food than play.', choices=['True', 'False'], answer_idx=0, explanation=['Up to seven-months-old puppies are more motivated by food than play. After this growth stage - play wins. So get into a habit of playing with your dog; be challenging, but also allow your pup to win against you. Teach your dog that you are more fun than just obedience training. Later in life, your dog will often need to make a decision "abandon my cool, energetic, playful dog friends or come to my owner and go to a boring home." Prove to your dog that you can be more fun.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_117_new_dog_module_4_lesson_4_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _118_new_dog_module_4_lesson_4_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Search II', steps=['While standing, throw a treat away from the dog with the cue "search."', 'When your dog finds the treat, looks at you, and keeps eye contact for two seconds, whistle and throw a treat in another direction with the cue "search."'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_118_new_dog_module_4_lesson_4_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=116, skill_id=118))

    _119_new_dog_module_4_lesson_4_training_skill_2 = Skill(title='Sit & stay II', steps=['The following levels will check your dog\'s patience at staying in the sit position for a longer time.', 'Give your dog the command "sit and stay." Do not whistle immediately; wait.', 'Make your dog stay in the sit position for 30 seconds. Whistle and throw a treat on the ground so your dog leaves the position.', 'If your dog breaks the position or starts whining or barking, DO NOT WHISTLE until you dog sits quietly.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_119_new_dog_module_4_lesson_4_training_skill_2)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=116, skill_id=119))

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=116, skill_id=114))

    _120_new_dog_module_4_lesson_4_activity = Activity(lesson_id=116, tasks=['20%\ of your dog\'s daily portion of food throw piece by piece on the ground with the cue "search." This is a great bonding activity that makes your dog work for food.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_120_new_dog_module_4_lesson_4_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Lesson 5
    _121_new_dog_module_4_lesson_5 = Lesson(module_id=101, title='Lesson 5 - Give back II')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_121_new_dog_module_4_lesson_5)
    db.session.commit()

    _122_new_dog_module_4_lesson_5_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=121, prompt='The cue "free," or "done" should be given before you deliver a food reward.', choices=['True', 'False'], answer_idx=1, explanation=['The "Release" cue is given after you praise your dog, and they are free to go.', 'The cues "Done," or "Free" are signals that the training is over, and they are allowed to go/ leave the position. If we do not define how long a dog has to "sit," or "wait," the dog will wait only when they see a treat or there is nothing better to do.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_122_new_dog_module_4_lesson_5_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _123_new_dog_module_4_lesson_5_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Give back II', steps=['Prepare a very tasty treat, worth the trade, e.g. a piece of cooked meat or cheese.', 'Accidentally drop the forbidden food or toy on the floor, e.g. chew bone or paper tissues. The piece of food has to be big so your dog doesn\'t swallow it immediately.', 'Offer your hand with the treat between your fingers and say "give back."', 'Once your dog drops the toy, whistle & treat (W&T).'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_123_new_dog_module_4_lesson_5_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=121, skill_id=123))

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=121, skill_id=119))

    _124_new_dog_module_4_lesson_5_activity = Activity(lesson_id=121, tasks=['Complete a training session while the washing machine or hairdryer are on, so your dog learns to ignore the sounds and focus when it is noisy.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_124_new_dog_module_4_lesson_5_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Lesson 6
    _125_new_dog_module_4_lesson_6 = Lesson(module_id=101, title='Lesson 6 - Come and release, Moving objects')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_125_new_dog_module_4_lesson_6)
    db.session.commit()

    _126_new_dog_module_4_lesson_6_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=125, prompt='Your dog loves chasing cars. You should redirect their attention to you...', choices=['When the dog reacts to a car', 'Before the dog notices the car', 'It is natural instincts. You cannot do anything.'], answer_idx=1, explanation=['A trigger is an object or situation that causes your dog to react, e.g. a stranger, a running animal, a car, thunder, or a lawnmower.', 'In behavioral training, we want to change both your dog\'s reaction/behavior to a trigger (counter-conditioning) and your dog\'s emotional response to a trigger (desensitization).', 'Before your dog gets tense and reacts to a trigger, redirect their attention to you or some activity. They will be less likely to get animated.', 'If your dog finds it hard to focus and doesn\'t take treats, you are too close to the trigger. Increase the distance.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_126_new_dog_module_4_lesson_6_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    _127_new_dog_module_4_lesson_6_training_skill_1 = Skill(title='Come and Release', steps=['Put your dog on a long, five meter leash. Call "come," and reward if the dog comes to you. If the dog is distracted, pull lightly on the leash to attract their attention', 'Give the release cue "free," and allow your dog to sniff around or play.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_127_new_dog_module_4_lesson_6_training_skill_1)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=125, skill_id=127))

    _128_new_dog_module_4_lesson_6_training_skill_2 = Skill(title='Moving Objects', steps=['Wrap a blanket around your waist as if it were a skirt. Move its cloth and wave in the air to attract your dog\'s attention.', 'If your puppy gets interested and catches the blanket, ask for a sit and reward for letting go off the blanket.', 'Move the blanket less vigorously if the puppy is very excited.', 'If the puppy ignores you and watches calmly, reward and praise proudly.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_128_new_dog_module_4_lesson_6_training_skill_2)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=125, skill_id=128))

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=125, skill_id=123))

    _129_new_dog_module_4_lesson_6_activity = Activity(lesson_id=125, tasks=['Play "search" outside by throwing pieces of food on the ground. The exercise will help your dog to relax outside and pay more attention to you.', 'Repeat the "sit" command five times near a kindergarten so your dog responds to you when there are distractions around.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_129_new_dog_module_4_lesson_6_activity)
    db.session.commit()

# Lesson 7
    _130_new_dog_module_4_lesson_7 = Lesson(module_id=101, title='Lesson 7 - Revision')  # noqa
    db.session.add(_130_new_dog_module_4_lesson_7)
    db.session.commit()

    _131_new_dog_module_4_lesson_7_quiz = Quiz(lesson_id=130, prompt='If you always train your dog in the living room, your dog will perform just as well in the kitchen.', choices=['True', 'False'], answer_idx=1, explanation=['If your dog is used to always training in your living room, move training to another room which will act as a distraction. Most people say "my dog knows the command sit." But, have you tried it outside, in a train station, on the metro, on a beach? Most dogs will take longer and be hesitant the first time somewhere new, so when you take training to a different environment, make sure you take a step back and lower your requirements.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_131_new_dog_module_4_lesson_7_quiz)
    db.session.commit()

    db.engine.execute(skills.insert().values(lesson_id=130, skill_id=128))

    _132_new_dog_module_4_lesson_7_activity = Activity(lesson_id=130, tasks=['Play with your dog outside without a leash. Call them to you, reward them with lots of treats, and release to play.'])  # noqa
    db.session.add(_132_new_dog_module_4_lesson_7_activity)
    db.session.commit()