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<meta name="description" content="Web applications can be attacked by malicious actors in many ways. Learn about security measures on Full Stack Python.">
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<title>Web Application Security - Full Stack Python</title>
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<h1>Web Application Security</h1>
<p>Website security must be thought about while building every level of the web
stack. However, this section includes topics that deserve particular
treatment, such as cross-site scripting (XSS), SQL injection, cross-site
request forgery and usage of public-private keypairs.</p>
<h2>Security open source projects</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<p><a href="http://www.bro.org/">Bro</a> is a network security and traffic monitor.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://github.com/marshyski/quick-secure">quick NIX secure script</a> for
securing Linux distributions.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2>HTTPS resources</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<p><a href="http://robertheaton.com/2014/03/27/how-does-https-actually-work/">How does HTTPS actually work?</a>
is a well-written overview of the protocol including certificates,
signatures, signing and related topics.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>This question asking <a href="http://security.stackexchange.com/questions/5126/whats-the-difference-between-ssl-tls-and-https">what is the difference between TLS and SSL?</a>
explains that TLS is a newer version of SSL and should be used because
SSL through version 3.0 is insecure.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If you're having users submit sensitive information to your site you need
to use SSL/TLS. Anything before TLS is now insecure. Check out this
<a href="http://wingolog.org/archives/2014/10/17/ffs-ssl">handy guide</a> that goes
over some of the nuances of the subject.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://hynek.me/talks/tls/">The Sorry State of SSL</a> details the
history and evolution of SSL/TLS. There are important differences between
the versions and Hynek explains why TLS should always be used. The
talk prompted work to improve Python's SSL in 2.7.9 based on the upgrades
in Python 3 outlined in
<a href="https://developer.rackspace.com/blog/the-not-so-sorry-state-of-ssl-in-python/">The not-so-sorry state of SSL in Python</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://blog.hartleybrody.com/https-certificates/">How HTTPS Secures Connections</a>
is a guide for what HTTPS does and does not secure against.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://erik.io/blog/2013/06/08/a-basic-guide-to-when-and-how-to-deploy-https/">When and How to Deploy HTTPS</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://www.moserware.com/2009/06/first-few-milliseconds-of-https.html">The first few milliseconds of an HTTPS connection</a>
provides a detailed look at the SSL handshake process that is implemented
by browsers based on the <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2818">RFC 2818</a>
specification.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/">Qualy SSL Server Test</a> can be used to
determine what's in place and what is missing for your server's HTTPS
connection. Once you run the test read this article on
<a href="https://sethvargo.com/getting-an-a-plus-on-qualys-ssl-labs-tester/">Getting an A+ on Qualy's SSL Labs Tester</a>
to improve your situation.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2>General security resources</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) has
<a href="https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Cheat_Sheets">cheat sheets for security</a>
topics.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>This page contains a
<a href="http://dfir.org/?q=node/8/">fantastic currated list of security reading material</a>
from beginning to advanced topics.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <a href="http://www.reddit.com/r/netsec/">/r/netsec</a> subreddit is one place to
go to learn more about network and application security.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://gexos.github.io/Hacking-Tools-Repository/">Hacking Tools Repository</a>
is a great list of password cracking, scanning, sniffing and other security
penetration testing tools.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://www.andrewault.net/2010/05/17/securing-an-ubuntu-server/">Securing an Ubuntu Server</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://joshrendek.com/2013/01/securing-ubuntu/">Securing Ubuntu</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/misc/security_tips.html">Security Tips from Apache</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://spenserj.com/blog/2013/07/15/securing-a-linux-server/">Securing a Linux Server</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The EFF has a well written overview on
<a href="https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2014/11/what-makes-good-security-audit">what makes a good security audit</a>. It's broad but contains some of their behind the
scenes thinking on important considerations with security audits.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://arstechnica.com/security/2013/02/securing-your-website-a-tough-job-but-someones-got-to-do-it/">Securing Your Website</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://www.crypto101.io/">Crypto 101</a> is an introductory course on
cryptography for programmers.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://getprismatic.com/story/1409447605839">An in-depth analysis of SSH attacks on Amazon EC2</a>
shows how important it is to secure your web servers, especially when they are
hosted in IP address ranges that are commonly scanned by malicious actors.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2>Web security learning checklist</h2>
<p><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i>
Read and understand the major web application security flaws that are
commonly exploited by malicious actors. These include cross-site request
forgery (CSRF), cross-site scripting (XSS), SQL injection and session
hijacking. The
<a href="https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Top_10_2013-Top_10">OWASP top 10 web application vulnerabilities list</a>
is a great place to get an overview of these topics.</p>
<p><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i>
Determine how the framework you've chosen mitigates these vulnerabilities.</p>
<p><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i>
Ensure your code implements the mitigation techniques for your framework. </p>
<p><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i>
Think like an attacker and actively work to break into your own system. If
you do not have enough experience to confidently break the security consider
hiring a known white hat attacker. Have her break the application's security,
report the easiest vulnerabilities to exploit in your app and help implement
protections against those weaknesses.</p>
<p><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i>
Recognize that no system is ever totally secure. However, the more popular
an application becomes the more attractive a target it is to attackers.
Reevaluate your web application security on a frequent basis.</p>
<h3>What topic do you want to learn about next?</h3>
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<a href="/introduction.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item " style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif;'>Introduction</a>
<a href="/why-use-python.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item " style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif;'>Why Use Python?</a>
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2015
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