珠玑妙算游戏(the game of master mind)的玩法如下。
计算机有4个槽,每个槽放一个球,颜色可能是红色(R)、黄色(Y)、绿色(G)或蓝色(B)。例如,计算机可能有RGGB 4种(槽1为红色,槽2、3为绿色,槽4为蓝色)。作为用户,你试图猜出颜色组合。打个比方,你可能会猜YRGB。要是猜对某个槽的颜色,则算一次“猜中”;要是只猜对颜色但槽位猜错了,则算一次“伪猜中”。注意,“猜中”不能算入“伪猜中”。
给定一种颜色组合solution
和一个猜测guess
,编写一个方法,返回猜中和伪猜中的次数answer
,其中answer[0]
为猜中的次数,answer[1]
为伪猜中的次数。
示例:
输入: solution="RGBY",guess="GGRR" 输出: [1,1] 解释: 猜中1次,伪猜中1次。
提示:
len(solution) = len(guess) = 4
solution
和guess
仅包含"R"
,"G"
,"B"
,"Y"
这4种字符
方法一:哈希表
同时遍历两个字符串,算出对应位置字符相同的个数,累加到 cnt1
和 cnt2
中。
接着遍历两个哈希表,算出有多少共同出现的字符,累加到
时间复杂度
class Solution:
def masterMind(self, solution: str, guess: str) -> List[int]:
x = sum(a == b for a, b in zip(solution, guess))
y = sum((Counter(solution) & Counter(guess)).values())
return [x, y - x]
class Solution {
public int[] masterMind(String solution, String guess) {
int x = 0, y = 0;
Map<Character, Integer> cnt1 = new HashMap<>();
Map<Character, Integer> cnt2 = new HashMap<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
char a = solution.charAt(i), b = guess.charAt(i);
x += a == b ? 1 : 0;
cnt1.merge(a, 1, Integer::sum);
cnt2.merge(b, 1, Integer::sum);
}
for (char c : "RYGB".toCharArray()) {
y += Math.min(cnt1.getOrDefault(c, 0), cnt2.getOrDefault(c, 0));
}
return new int[] {x, y - x};
}
}
class Solution {
public:
vector<int> masterMind(string solution, string guess) {
int x = 0, y = 0;
unordered_map<char, int> cnt1;
unordered_map<char, int> cnt2;
for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
x += solution[i] == guess[i];
cnt1[solution[i]]++;
cnt2[guess[i]]++;
}
for (char c : "RYGB") y += min(cnt1[c], cnt2[c]);
return vector<int>{x, y - x};
}
};
func masterMind(solution string, guess string) []int {
var x, y int
cnt1 := map[byte]int{}
cnt2 := map[byte]int{}
for i := range solution {
a, b := solution[i], guess[i]
if a == b {
x++
}
cnt1[a]++
cnt2[b]++
}
for _, c := range []byte("RYGB") {
y += min(cnt1[c], cnt2[c])
}
return []int{x, y - x}
}
func min(a, b int) int {
if a < b {
return a
}
return b
}
/**
* @param {string} solution
* @param {string} guess
* @return {number[]}
*/
var masterMind = function (solution, guess) {
let counts1 = { R: 0, G: 0, B: 0, Y: 0 };
let counts2 = { R: 0, G: 0, B: 0, Y: 0 };
let res1 = 0;
for (let i = 0; i < solution.length; i++) {
let s1 = solution.charAt(i),
s2 = guess.charAt(i);
if (s1 == s2) {
res1++;
} else {
counts1[s1] += 1;
counts2[s2] += 1;
}
}
let res2 = ['R', 'G', 'B', 'Y'].reduce(
(a, c) => a + Math.min(counts1[c], counts2[c]),
0,
);
return [res1, res2];
};