diff --git a/cli/examples/custom-command/main.rs b/cli/examples/custom-command/main.rs
index 31d43f4e74..8713896141 100644
--- a/cli/examples/custom-command/main.rs
+++ b/cli/examples/custom-command/main.rs
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ fn run_custom_command(
             let mut tx = workspace_command.start_transaction();
             let new_commit = tx
                 .repo_mut()
-                .rewrite_commit(command_helper.settings(), &commit)
+                .rewrite_commit(&commit)
                 .set_description("Frobnicated!")
                 .write()?;
             tx.finish(ui, "frobnicate")?;
diff --git a/cli/src/cli_util.rs b/cli/src/cli_util.rs
index 74ee197d60..9ccee94ef5 100644
--- a/cli/src/cli_util.rs
+++ b/cli/src/cli_util.rs
@@ -581,7 +581,7 @@ impl CommandHelper {
                     let mut tx = start_repo_transaction(&base_repo, &self.data.string_args);
                     for other_op_head in op_heads.into_iter().skip(1) {
                         tx.merge_operation(other_op_head)?;
-                        let num_rebased = tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&self.data.settings)?;
+                        let num_rebased = tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants()?;
                         if num_rebased > 0 {
                             writeln!(
                                 ui.status(),
@@ -1070,13 +1070,13 @@ impl WorkspaceCommandHelper {
             let workspace_id = self.workspace_id().to_owned();
             let new_git_head_commit = tx.repo().store().get_commit(new_git_head_id)?;
             tx.repo_mut()
-                .check_out(workspace_id, self.env.settings(), &new_git_head_commit)?;
+                .check_out(workspace_id, &new_git_head_commit)?;
             let mut locked_ws = self.workspace.start_working_copy_mutation()?;
             // The working copy was presumably updated by the git command that updated
             // HEAD, so we just need to reset our working copy
             // state to it without updating working copy files.
             locked_ws.locked_wc().reset(&new_git_head_commit)?;
-            tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(self.env.settings())?;
+            tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants()?;
             self.user_repo = ReadonlyUserRepo::new(tx.commit("import git head")?);
             locked_ws.finish(self.user_repo.repo.op_id().clone())?;
             if old_git_head.is_present() {
@@ -1117,7 +1117,7 @@ impl WorkspaceCommandHelper {
         print_git_import_stats(ui, tx.repo(), &stats, false)?;
         let mut tx = tx.into_inner();
         // Rebase here to show slightly different status message.
-        let num_rebased = tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(self.settings())?;
+        let num_rebased = tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants()?;
         if num_rebased > 0 {
             writeln!(
                 ui.status(),
@@ -1192,7 +1192,6 @@ impl WorkspaceCommandHelper {
             locked_ws.locked_wc(),
             &self.user_repo.repo,
             workspace_id,
-            self.env.settings(),
             "RECOVERY COMMIT FROM `jj workspace update-stale`
 
 This commit contains changes that were written to the working copy by an
@@ -1842,7 +1841,7 @@ See https://jj-vcs.github.io/jj/latest/working-copy/#stale-working-copy \
             tx.set_is_snapshot(true);
             let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
             let commit = mut_repo
-                .rewrite_commit(self.env.settings(), &wc_commit)
+                .rewrite_commit(&wc_commit)
                 .set_tree_id(new_tree_id)
                 .write()
                 .map_err(snapshot_command_error)?;
@@ -1852,7 +1851,7 @@ See https://jj-vcs.github.io/jj/latest/working-copy/#stale-working-copy \
 
             // Rebase descendants
             let num_rebased = mut_repo
-                .rebase_descendants(self.env.settings())
+                .rebase_descendants()
                 .map_err(snapshot_command_error)?;
             if num_rebased > 0 {
                 writeln!(
@@ -1945,7 +1944,7 @@ See https://jj-vcs.github.io/jj/latest/working-copy/#stale-working-copy \
             writeln!(ui.status(), "Nothing changed.")?;
             return Ok(());
         }
-        let num_rebased = tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(self.settings())?;
+        let num_rebased = tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants()?;
         if num_rebased > 0 {
             writeln!(ui.status(), "Rebased {num_rebased} descendant commits")?;
         }
@@ -1959,8 +1958,7 @@ See https://jj-vcs.github.io/jj/latest/working-copy/#stale-working-copy \
                 .is_some()
             {
                 let wc_commit = tx.repo().store().get_commit(wc_commit_id)?;
-                tx.repo_mut()
-                    .check_out(workspace_id.clone(), self.settings(), &wc_commit)?;
+                tx.repo_mut().check_out(workspace_id.clone(), &wc_commit)?;
                 writeln!(
                     ui.warning_default(),
                     "The working-copy commit in workspace '{}' became immutable, so a new commit \
@@ -2280,9 +2278,8 @@ impl WorkspaceCommandTransaction<'_> {
 
     pub fn check_out(&mut self, commit: &Commit) -> Result<Commit, CheckOutCommitError> {
         let workspace_id = self.helper.workspace_id().to_owned();
-        let settings = self.helper.settings();
         self.id_prefix_context.take(); // invalidate
-        self.tx.repo_mut().check_out(workspace_id, settings, commit)
+        self.tx.repo_mut().check_out(workspace_id, commit)
     }
 
     pub fn edit(&mut self, commit: &Commit) -> Result<(), EditCommitError> {
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/abandon.rs b/cli/src/commands/abandon.rs
index 7ff6239379..c63555c568 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/abandon.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/abandon.rs
@@ -79,11 +79,11 @@ pub(crate) fn cmd_abandon(
     }
     let (num_rebased, extra_msg) = if args.restore_descendants {
         (
-            tx.repo_mut().reparent_descendants(command.settings())?,
+            tx.repo_mut().reparent_descendants()?,
             " (while preserving their content)",
         )
     } else {
-        (tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(command.settings())?, "")
+        (tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants()?, "")
     };
 
     if let Some(mut formatter) = ui.status_formatter() {
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/absorb.rs b/cli/src/commands/absorb.rs
index 14a29dbe07..7f0584cfc4 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/absorb.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/absorb.rs
@@ -91,12 +91,8 @@ pub(crate) fn cmd_absorb(
     workspace_command.check_rewritable(selected_trees.target_commits.keys())?;
 
     let mut tx = workspace_command.start_transaction();
-    let (rewritten_commits, num_rebased) = absorb_hunks(
-        tx.repo_mut(),
-        &source,
-        selected_trees.target_commits,
-        command.settings(),
-    )?;
+    let (rewritten_commits, num_rebased) =
+        absorb_hunks(tx.repo_mut(), &source, selected_trees.target_commits)?;
 
     if let Some(mut formatter) = ui.status_formatter() {
         if !rewritten_commits.is_empty() {
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/backout.rs b/cli/src/commands/backout.rs
index eefea79be0..f5c49a8ee2 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/backout.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/backout.rs
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ pub(crate) fn cmd_backout(
         let new_parent_ids = parents.iter().map(|commit| commit.id().clone()).collect();
         let new_commit = tx
             .repo_mut()
-            .new_commit(command.settings(), new_parent_ids, new_tree.id())
+            .new_commit(new_parent_ids, new_tree.id())
             .set_description(new_commit_description)
             .write()?;
         parents = vec![new_commit];
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/commit.rs b/cli/src/commands/commit.rs
index bc0675ffab..06fa75d5a3 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/commit.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/commit.rs
@@ -115,10 +115,7 @@ new working-copy commit.
         )?;
     }
 
-    let mut commit_builder = tx
-        .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(command.settings(), &commit)
-        .detach();
+    let mut commit_builder = tx.repo_mut().rewrite_commit(&commit).detach();
     commit_builder.set_tree_id(tree_id);
     if args.reset_author {
         commit_builder.set_author(commit_builder.committer().clone());
@@ -154,11 +151,7 @@ new working-copy commit.
     if !workspace_ids.is_empty() {
         let new_wc_commit = tx
             .repo_mut()
-            .new_commit(
-                command.settings(),
-                vec![new_commit.id().clone()],
-                commit.tree_id().clone(),
-            )
+            .new_commit(vec![new_commit.id().clone()], commit.tree_id().clone())
             .write()?;
 
         // Does nothing if there's no bookmarks to advance.
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/describe.rs b/cli/src/commands/describe.rs
index 25e3ddef79..68ebe313b9 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/describe.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/describe.rs
@@ -148,10 +148,7 @@ pub(crate) fn cmd_describe(
             // Edit descriptions in topological order
             .rev()
             .map(|commit| -> Result<_, CommandError> {
-                let mut commit_builder = tx
-                    .repo_mut()
-                    .rewrite_commit(command.settings(), commit)
-                    .detach();
+                let mut commit_builder = tx.repo_mut().rewrite_commit(commit).detach();
                 if commit_builder.description().is_empty() {
                     commit_builder
                         .set_description(command.settings().get_string("ui.default-description")?);
@@ -244,14 +241,13 @@ pub(crate) fn cmd_describe(
     // rewriting the same commit multiple times, and adding additional entries
     // in the predecessor chain.
     tx.repo_mut().transform_descendants(
-        command.settings(),
         commit_descriptions
             .keys()
             .map(|&id| id.clone())
             .collect_vec(),
         |rewriter| {
             let old_commit_id = rewriter.old_commit().id().clone();
-            let mut commit_builder = rewriter.rebase(command.settings())?;
+            let mut commit_builder = rewriter.rebase()?;
             if let Some(description) = commit_descriptions.get(&old_commit_id) {
                 commit_builder = commit_builder.set_description(description);
                 if args.reset_author {
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/diffedit.rs b/cli/src/commands/diffedit.rs
index 2009543655..53363a9ddc 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/diffedit.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/diffedit.rs
@@ -138,18 +138,18 @@ don't make any changes, then the operation will be aborted.",
     } else {
         let new_commit = tx
             .repo_mut()
-            .rewrite_commit(command.settings(), &target_commit)
+            .rewrite_commit(&target_commit)
             .set_tree_id(tree_id)
             .write()?;
         // rebase_descendants early; otherwise `new_commit` would always have
         // a conflicted change id at this point.
         let (num_rebased, extra_msg) = if args.restore_descendants {
             (
-                tx.repo_mut().reparent_descendants(command.settings())?,
+                tx.repo_mut().reparent_descendants()?,
                 " (while preserving their content)",
             )
         } else {
-            (tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(command.settings())?, "")
+            (tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants()?, "")
         };
         if let Some(mut formatter) = ui.status_formatter() {
             write!(formatter, "Created ")?;
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/duplicate.rs b/cli/src/commands/duplicate.rs
index a28fec6101..0d4b336aa2 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/duplicate.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/duplicate.rs
@@ -229,10 +229,9 @@ pub(crate) fn cmd_duplicate(
         && args.insert_after.is_empty()
         && args.insert_before.is_empty()
     {
-        duplicate_commits_onto_parents(command.settings(), tx.repo_mut(), &to_duplicate)?
+        duplicate_commits_onto_parents(tx.repo_mut(), &to_duplicate)?
     } else {
         duplicate_commits(
-            command.settings(),
             tx.repo_mut(),
             &to_duplicate,
             &parent_commit_ids,
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/file/chmod.rs b/cli/src/commands/file/chmod.rs
index d61e528be0..bbad17c517 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/file/chmod.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/file/chmod.rs
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ pub(crate) fn cmd_file_chmod(
 
     let new_tree_id = tree_builder.write_tree(store)?;
     tx.repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(command.settings(), &commit)
+        .rewrite_commit(&commit)
         .set_tree_id(new_tree_id)
         .write()?;
     tx.finish(
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/file/track.rs b/cli/src/commands/file/track.rs
index 8c2bc72435..bc49c2f9d1 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/file/track.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/file/track.rs
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ pub(crate) fn cmd_file_track(
     let mut tx = workspace_command.start_transaction().into_inner();
     let (mut locked_ws, _wc_commit) = workspace_command.start_working_copy_mutation()?;
     let (_tree_id, stats) = locked_ws.locked_wc().snapshot(&options)?;
-    let num_rebased = tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(command.settings())?;
+    let num_rebased = tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants()?;
     if num_rebased > 0 {
         writeln!(ui.status(), "Rebased {num_rebased} descendant commits")?;
     }
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/file/untrack.rs b/cli/src/commands/file/untrack.rs
index 9167835f1a..53435fe1ae 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/file/untrack.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/file/untrack.rs
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ pub(crate) fn cmd_file_untrack(
     let new_tree_id = tree_builder.write_tree(&store)?;
     let new_commit = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(command.settings(), &wc_commit)
+        .rewrite_commit(&wc_commit)
         .set_tree_id(new_tree_id)
         .write()?;
     // Reset the working copy to the new commit
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ Make sure they're ignored, then try again.",
             locked_ws.locked_wc().reset(&new_commit)?;
         }
     }
-    let num_rebased = tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(command.settings())?;
+    let num_rebased = tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants()?;
     if num_rebased > 0 {
         writeln!(ui.status(), "Rebased {num_rebased} descendant commits")?;
     }
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/fix.rs b/cli/src/commands/fix.rs
index e87f3e6a94..d28110e276 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/fix.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/fix.rs
@@ -252,7 +252,6 @@ pub(crate) fn cmd_fix(
     let mut num_checked_commits = 0;
     let mut num_fixed_commits = 0;
     tx.repo_mut().transform_descendants(
-        command.settings(),
         root_commits.iter().cloned().collect_vec(),
         |mut rewriter| {
             // TODO: Build the trees in parallel before `transform_descendants()` and only
@@ -287,7 +286,7 @@ pub(crate) fn cmd_fix(
             if changes > 0 {
                 num_fixed_commits += 1;
                 let new_tree = tree_builder.write_tree(rewriter.mut_repo().store())?;
-                let builder = rewriter.reparent(command.settings());
+                let builder = rewriter.reparent();
                 builder.set_tree_id(new_tree).write()?;
             }
             Ok(())
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/new.rs b/cli/src/commands/new.rs
index aa3a52e227..c01c1094dd 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/new.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/new.rs
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ pub(crate) fn cmd_new(
     let merged_tree = merge_commit_trees(tx.repo(), &parent_commits)?;
     let new_commit = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .new_commit(command.settings(), parent_commit_ids, merged_tree.id())
+        .new_commit(parent_commit_ids, merged_tree.id())
         .set_description(join_message_paragraphs(&args.message_paragraphs))
         .write()?;
 
@@ -208,15 +208,10 @@ pub(crate) fn cmd_new(
             .cloned()
             .chain(std::iter::once(new_commit.id().clone()))
             .collect_vec();
-        rebase_commit(
-            command.settings(),
-            tx.repo_mut(),
-            child_commit,
-            new_parent_ids,
-        )?;
+        rebase_commit(tx.repo_mut(), child_commit, new_parent_ids)?;
         num_rebased += 1;
     }
-    num_rebased += tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(command.settings())?;
+    num_rebased += tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants()?;
 
     if args.no_edit {
         if let Some(mut formatter) = ui.status_formatter() {
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/operation/diff.rs b/cli/src/commands/operation/diff.rs
index 1523c1ab04..5ad4ca2c0f 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/operation/diff.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/operation/diff.rs
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ pub fn cmd_op_diff(
     } else {
         to_op = workspace_command.resolve_single_op(args.operation.as_deref().unwrap_or("@"))?;
         let to_op_parents: Vec<_> = to_op.parents().try_collect()?;
-        from_op = repo_loader.merge_operations(command.settings(), to_op_parents, None)?;
+        from_op = repo_loader.merge_operations(to_op_parents, None)?;
     }
     let graph_style = GraphStyle::from_settings(command.settings())?;
     let with_content_format = LogContentFormat::new(ui, command.settings())?;
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/operation/log.rs b/cli/src/commands/operation/log.rs
index 77a8b5c1b0..166333a124 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/operation/log.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/operation/log.rs
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ fn do_op_log(
                          op: &Operation,
                          with_content_format: &LogContentFormat| {
             let parents: Vec<_> = op.parents().try_collect()?;
-            let parent_op = repo_loader.merge_operations(settings, parents, None)?;
+            let parent_op = repo_loader.merge_operations(parents, None)?;
             let parent_repo = repo_loader.load_at(&parent_op)?;
             let repo = repo_loader.load_at(op)?;
 
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/operation/show.rs b/cli/src/commands/operation/show.rs
index 2d79d62233..72bf7ea442 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/operation/show.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/operation/show.rs
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ pub fn cmd_op_show(
     let repo_loader = workspace_command.workspace().repo_loader();
     let op = workspace_command.resolve_single_op(&args.operation)?;
     let parents: Vec<_> = op.parents().try_collect()?;
-    let parent_op = repo_loader.merge_operations(command.settings(), parents, None)?;
+    let parent_op = repo_loader.merge_operations(parents, None)?;
     let parent_repo = repo_loader.load_at(&parent_op)?;
     let repo = repo_loader.load_at(&op)?;
 
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/parallelize.rs b/cli/src/commands/parallelize.rs
index 8da5bca657..8d03b3590d 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/parallelize.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/parallelize.rs
@@ -113,7 +113,6 @@ pub(crate) fn cmd_parallelize(
     }
 
     tx.repo_mut().transform_descendants(
-        command.settings(),
         target_commits.iter().ids().cloned().collect_vec(),
         |mut rewriter| {
             // Commits in the target set do not depend on each other but they still depend
@@ -137,7 +136,7 @@ pub(crate) fn cmd_parallelize(
                 rewriter.set_new_rewritten_parents(&new_parents);
             }
             if rewriter.parents_changed() {
-                let builder = rewriter.rebase(command.settings())?;
+                let builder = rewriter.rebase()?;
                 builder.write()?;
             }
             Ok(())
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/rebase.rs b/cli/src/commands/rebase.rs
index b76729caae..f417db0286 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/rebase.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/rebase.rs
@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ use jj_lib::rewrite::EmptyBehaviour;
 use jj_lib::rewrite::MoveCommitsStats;
 use jj_lib::rewrite::MoveCommitsTarget;
 use jj_lib::rewrite::RebaseOptions;
-use jj_lib::settings::UserSettings;
 use tracing::instrument;
 
 use crate::cli_util::short_commit_hash;
@@ -254,7 +253,6 @@ pub(crate) fn cmd_rebase(
     if !args.revisions.is_empty() {
         rebase_revisions(
             ui,
-            command.settings(),
             &mut workspace_command,
             &args.revisions,
             &args.destination,
@@ -263,7 +261,6 @@ pub(crate) fn cmd_rebase(
     } else if !args.source.is_empty() {
         rebase_source(
             ui,
-            command.settings(),
             &mut workspace_command,
             &args.source,
             &args.destination,
@@ -272,7 +269,6 @@ pub(crate) fn cmd_rebase(
     } else {
         rebase_branch(
             ui,
-            command.settings(),
             &mut workspace_command,
             &args.branch,
             &args.destination,
@@ -284,7 +280,6 @@ pub(crate) fn cmd_rebase(
 
 fn rebase_revisions(
     ui: &mut Ui,
-    settings: &UserSettings,
     workspace_command: &mut WorkspaceCommandHelper,
     revisions: &[RevisionArg],
     rebase_destination: &RebaseDestinationArgs,
@@ -310,7 +305,6 @@ fn rebase_revisions(
     }
     rebase_revisions_transaction(
         ui,
-        settings,
         workspace_command,
         &new_parents.iter().ids().cloned().collect_vec(),
         &new_children,
@@ -321,7 +315,6 @@ fn rebase_revisions(
 
 fn rebase_source(
     ui: &mut Ui,
-    settings: &UserSettings,
     workspace_command: &mut WorkspaceCommandHelper,
     source: &[RevisionArg],
     rebase_destination: &RebaseDestinationArgs,
@@ -343,7 +336,6 @@ fn rebase_source(
 
     rebase_descendants_transaction(
         ui,
-        settings,
         workspace_command,
         &new_parents.iter().ids().cloned().collect_vec(),
         &new_children,
@@ -354,7 +346,6 @@ fn rebase_source(
 
 fn rebase_branch(
     ui: &mut Ui,
-    settings: &UserSettings,
     workspace_command: &mut WorkspaceCommandHelper,
     branch: &[RevisionArg],
     rebase_destination: &RebaseDestinationArgs,
@@ -392,7 +383,6 @@ fn rebase_branch(
 
     rebase_descendants_transaction(
         ui,
-        settings,
         workspace_command,
         &new_parent_ids,
         &new_children,
@@ -403,7 +393,6 @@ fn rebase_branch(
 
 fn rebase_descendants_transaction(
     ui: &mut Ui,
-    settings: &UserSettings,
     workspace_command: &mut WorkspaceCommandHelper,
     new_parent_ids: &[CommitId],
     new_children: &[Commit],
@@ -429,7 +418,6 @@ fn rebase_descendants_transaction(
     };
 
     let stats = move_commits(
-        settings,
         tx.repo_mut(),
         new_parent_ids,
         new_children,
@@ -511,7 +499,6 @@ fn compute_rebase_destination(
 /// Creates a transaction for rebasing revisions.
 fn rebase_revisions_transaction(
     ui: &mut Ui,
-    settings: &UserSettings,
     workspace_command: &mut WorkspaceCommandHelper,
     new_parent_ids: &[CommitId],
     new_children: &[Commit],
@@ -535,7 +522,6 @@ fn rebase_revisions_transaction(
     };
 
     let stats = move_commits(
-        settings,
         tx.repo_mut(),
         new_parent_ids,
         new_children,
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/resolve.rs b/cli/src/commands/resolve.rs
index fd4df8110e..79b5b04b83 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/resolve.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/resolve.rs
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ pub(crate) fn cmd_resolve(
     let new_tree_id = merge_editor.edit_file(&tree, repo_path)?;
     let new_commit = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(command.settings(), &commit)
+        .rewrite_commit(&commit)
         .set_tree_id(new_tree_id)
         .write()?;
     tx.finish(
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/restore.rs b/cli/src/commands/restore.rs
index bbe99c95b5..0f00d14e29 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/restore.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/restore.rs
@@ -136,18 +136,18 @@ pub(crate) fn cmd_restore(
         let mut tx = workspace_command.start_transaction();
         let new_commit = tx
             .repo_mut()
-            .rewrite_commit(command.settings(), &to_commit)
+            .rewrite_commit(&to_commit)
             .set_tree_id(new_tree_id)
             .write()?;
         // rebase_descendants early; otherwise `new_commit` would always have
         // a conflicted change id at this point.
         let (num_rebased, extra_msg) = if args.restore_descendants {
             (
-                tx.repo_mut().reparent_descendants(command.settings())?,
+                tx.repo_mut().reparent_descendants()?,
                 " (while preserving their content)",
             )
         } else {
-            (tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(command.settings())?, "")
+            (tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants()?, "")
         };
         if let Some(mut formatter) = ui.status_formatter() {
             write!(formatter, "Created ")?;
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/simplify_parents.rs b/cli/src/commands/simplify_parents.rs
index e640a0cf1d..9c0aac54aa 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/simplify_parents.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/simplify_parents.rs
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ pub(crate) fn cmd_simplify_parents(
     let mut reparented_descendants = 0;
 
     tx.repo_mut()
-        .transform_descendants(command.settings(), commit_ids, |mut rewriter| {
+        .transform_descendants(commit_ids, |mut rewriter| {
             let num_old_heads = rewriter.new_parents().len();
             if commit_ids_set.contains(rewriter.old_commit().id()) && num_old_heads > 1 {
                 rewriter.simplify_ancestor_merge();
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ pub(crate) fn cmd_simplify_parents(
             let num_new_heads = rewriter.new_parents().len();
 
             if rewriter.parents_changed() {
-                rewriter.reparent(command.settings()).write()?;
+                rewriter.reparent().write()?;
 
                 if num_new_heads < num_old_heads {
                     simplified_commits += 1;
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/split.rs b/cli/src/commands/split.rs
index 4bd18e1ed0..5dcd4624b0 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/split.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/split.rs
@@ -138,10 +138,7 @@ The remainder will be in the second commit.
     // Create the first commit, which includes the changes selected by the user.
     let selected_tree = tx.repo().store().get_root_tree(&selected_tree_id)?;
     let first_commit = {
-        let mut commit_builder = tx
-            .repo_mut()
-            .rewrite_commit(command.settings(), &commit)
-            .detach();
+        let mut commit_builder = tx.repo_mut().rewrite_commit(&commit).detach();
         commit_builder.set_tree_id(selected_tree_id);
         if commit_builder.description().is_empty() {
             commit_builder
@@ -179,10 +176,7 @@ The remainder will be in the second commit.
         } else {
             vec![first_commit.id().clone()]
         };
-        let mut commit_builder = tx
-            .repo_mut()
-            .rewrite_commit(command.settings(), &commit)
-            .detach();
+        let mut commit_builder = tx.repo_mut().rewrite_commit(&commit).detach();
         commit_builder
             .set_parents(parents)
             .set_tree_id(new_tree.id())
@@ -219,10 +213,8 @@ The remainder will be in the second commit.
     tx.repo_mut()
         .set_rewritten_commit(commit.id().clone(), second_commit.id().clone());
     let mut num_rebased = 0;
-    tx.repo_mut().transform_descendants(
-        command.settings(),
-        vec![commit.id().clone()],
-        |mut rewriter| {
+    tx.repo_mut()
+        .transform_descendants(vec![commit.id().clone()], |mut rewriter| {
             num_rebased += 1;
             if args.parallel {
                 rewriter
@@ -230,10 +222,9 @@ The remainder will be in the second commit.
             }
             // We don't need to do anything special for the non-parallel case
             // since we already marked the original commit as rewritten.
-            rewriter.rebase(command.settings())?.write()?;
+            rewriter.rebase()?.write()?;
             Ok(())
-        },
-    )?;
+        })?;
 
     if let Some(mut formatter) = ui.status_formatter() {
         if num_rebased > 0 {
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/squash.rs b/cli/src/commands/squash.rs
index cbc6d350ea..2bb59f60ff 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/squash.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/squash.rs
@@ -253,7 +253,6 @@ from the source will be moved into the destination.
 
     let repo_path = tx.base_workspace_helper().repo_path().to_owned();
     match rewrite::squash_commits(
-        settings,
         tx.repo_mut(),
         &source_commits,
         destination,
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/unsquash.rs b/cli/src/commands/unsquash.rs
index 593ce98c26..22a893340a 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/unsquash.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/unsquash.rs
@@ -124,20 +124,20 @@ aborted.
         )?;
         // Commit the new child on top of the parent's parents.
         tx.repo_mut()
-            .rewrite_commit(command.settings(), &commit)
+            .rewrite_commit(&commit)
             .set_parents(parent.parent_ids().to_vec())
             .set_description(description)
             .write()?;
     } else {
         let new_parent = tx
             .repo_mut()
-            .rewrite_commit(command.settings(), &parent)
+            .rewrite_commit(&parent)
             .set_tree_id(new_parent_tree_id)
             .set_predecessors(vec![parent.id().clone(), commit.id().clone()])
             .write()?;
         // Commit the new child on top of the new parent.
         tx.repo_mut()
-            .rewrite_commit(command.settings(), &commit)
+            .rewrite_commit(&commit)
             .set_parents(vec![new_parent.id().clone()])
             .write()?;
     }
diff --git a/cli/src/commands/workspace/add.rs b/cli/src/commands/workspace/add.rs
index e02ee49985..64588cefcb 100644
--- a/cli/src/commands/workspace/add.rs
+++ b/cli/src/commands/workspace/add.rs
@@ -109,7 +109,6 @@ pub fn cmd_workspace_add(
     let working_copy_factory = command.get_working_copy_factory()?;
     let repo_path = old_workspace_command.repo_path();
     let (new_workspace, repo) = Workspace::init_workspace_with_existing_repo(
-        command.settings(),
         &destination_path,
         repo_path,
         repo,
@@ -185,10 +184,7 @@ pub fn cmd_workspace_add(
 
     let tree = merge_commit_trees(tx.repo(), &parents)?;
     let parent_ids = parents.iter().ids().cloned().collect_vec();
-    let new_wc_commit = tx
-        .repo_mut()
-        .new_commit(command.settings(), parent_ids, tree.id())
-        .write()?;
+    let new_wc_commit = tx.repo_mut().new_commit(parent_ids, tree.id()).write()?;
 
     tx.edit(&new_wc_commit)?;
     tx.finish(
diff --git a/lib/src/absorb.rs b/lib/src/absorb.rs
index 93b4969026..d28dc0a8f2 100644
--- a/lib/src/absorb.rs
+++ b/lib/src/absorb.rs
@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ use crate::repo_path::RepoPath;
 use crate::repo_path::RepoPathBuf;
 use crate::revset::ResolvedRevsetExpression;
 use crate::revset::RevsetEvaluationError;
-use crate::settings::UserSettings;
 
 /// The source commit to absorb into its ancestry.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
@@ -266,49 +265,44 @@ pub fn absorb_hunks(
     repo: &mut MutableRepo,
     source: &AbsorbSource,
     mut selected_trees: HashMap<CommitId, MergedTreeBuilder>,
-    settings: &UserSettings,
 ) -> BackendResult<(Vec<Commit>, usize)> {
     let store = repo.store().clone();
     let mut rewritten_commits = Vec::new();
     let mut num_rebased = 0;
     // Rewrite commits in topological order so that descendant commits wouldn't
     // be rewritten multiple times.
-    repo.transform_descendants(
-        settings,
-        selected_trees.keys().cloned().collect(),
-        |rewriter| {
-            // Remove selected hunks from the source commit by reparent()
-            if rewriter.old_commit().id() == source.commit.id() {
-                let commit_builder = rewriter.reparent(settings);
-                if commit_builder.is_discardable()? {
-                    commit_builder.abandon();
-                } else {
-                    commit_builder.write()?;
-                    num_rebased += 1;
-                }
-                return Ok(());
-            }
-            let Some(tree_builder) = selected_trees.remove(rewriter.old_commit().id()) else {
-                rewriter.rebase(settings)?.write()?;
+    repo.transform_descendants(selected_trees.keys().cloned().collect(), |rewriter| {
+        // Remove selected hunks from the source commit by reparent()
+        if rewriter.old_commit().id() == source.commit.id() {
+            let commit_builder = rewriter.reparent();
+            if commit_builder.is_discardable()? {
+                commit_builder.abandon();
+            } else {
+                commit_builder.write()?;
                 num_rebased += 1;
-                return Ok(());
-            };
-            // Merge hunks between source parent tree and selected tree
-            let selected_tree_id = tree_builder.write_tree(&store)?;
-            let commit_builder = rewriter.rebase(settings)?;
-            let destination_tree = store.get_root_tree(commit_builder.tree_id())?;
-            let selected_tree = store.get_root_tree(&selected_tree_id)?;
-            let new_tree = destination_tree.merge(&source.parent_tree, &selected_tree)?;
-            let mut predecessors = commit_builder.predecessors().to_vec();
-            predecessors.push(source.commit.id().clone());
-            let new_commit = commit_builder
-                .set_tree_id(new_tree.id())
-                .set_predecessors(predecessors)
-                .write()?;
-            rewritten_commits.push(new_commit);
-            Ok(())
-        },
-    )?;
+            }
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+        let Some(tree_builder) = selected_trees.remove(rewriter.old_commit().id()) else {
+            rewriter.rebase()?.write()?;
+            num_rebased += 1;
+            return Ok(());
+        };
+        // Merge hunks between source parent tree and selected tree
+        let selected_tree_id = tree_builder.write_tree(&store)?;
+        let commit_builder = rewriter.rebase()?;
+        let destination_tree = store.get_root_tree(commit_builder.tree_id())?;
+        let selected_tree = store.get_root_tree(&selected_tree_id)?;
+        let new_tree = destination_tree.merge(&source.parent_tree, &selected_tree)?;
+        let mut predecessors = commit_builder.predecessors().to_vec();
+        predecessors.push(source.commit.id().clone());
+        let new_commit = commit_builder
+            .set_tree_id(new_tree.id())
+            .set_predecessors(predecessors)
+            .write()?;
+        rewritten_commits.push(new_commit);
+        Ok(())
+    })?;
     Ok((rewritten_commits, num_rebased))
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/src/repo.rs b/lib/src/repo.rs
index 8ab7ce541e..30e9ecb95c 100644
--- a/lib/src/repo.rs
+++ b/lib/src/repo.rs
@@ -300,11 +300,8 @@ impl ReadonlyRepo {
         Transaction::new(mut_repo, self.settings())
     }
 
-    pub fn reload_at_head(
-        &self,
-        user_settings: &UserSettings,
-    ) -> Result<Arc<ReadonlyRepo>, RepoLoaderError> {
-        self.loader().load_at_head(user_settings)
+    pub fn reload_at_head(&self) -> Result<Arc<ReadonlyRepo>, RepoLoaderError> {
+        self.loader().load_at_head()
     }
 
     #[instrument]
@@ -711,14 +708,11 @@ impl RepoLoader {
         &self.submodule_store
     }
 
-    pub fn load_at_head(
-        &self,
-        user_settings: &UserSettings,
-    ) -> Result<Arc<ReadonlyRepo>, RepoLoaderError> {
+    pub fn load_at_head(&self) -> Result<Arc<ReadonlyRepo>, RepoLoaderError> {
         let op = op_heads_store::resolve_op_heads(
             self.op_heads_store.as_ref(),
             &self.op_store,
-            |op_heads| self._resolve_op_heads(op_heads, user_settings),
+            |op_heads| self._resolve_op_heads(op_heads),
         )?;
         let view = op.view()?;
         self._finish_load(op, view)
@@ -765,7 +759,6 @@ impl RepoLoader {
     /// operation if the `operations` is empty.
     pub fn merge_operations(
         &self,
-        settings: &UserSettings,
         operations: Vec<Operation>,
         tx_description: Option<&str>,
     ) -> Result<Operation, RepoLoaderError> {
@@ -779,7 +772,7 @@ impl RepoLoader {
             let mut tx = base_repo.start_transaction();
             for other_op in operations {
                 tx.merge_operation(other_op)?;
-                tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(settings)?;
+                tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants()?;
             }
             let tx_description = tx_description.map_or_else(
                 || format!("merge {num_operations} operations"),
@@ -794,17 +787,9 @@ impl RepoLoader {
         Ok(final_op)
     }
 
-    fn _resolve_op_heads(
-        &self,
-        op_heads: Vec<Operation>,
-        user_settings: &UserSettings,
-    ) -> Result<Operation, RepoLoaderError> {
+    fn _resolve_op_heads(&self, op_heads: Vec<Operation>) -> Result<Operation, RepoLoaderError> {
         assert!(!op_heads.is_empty());
-        self.merge_operations(
-            user_settings,
-            op_heads,
-            Some("reconcile divergent operations"),
-        )
+        self.merge_operations(op_heads, Some("reconcile divergent operations"))
     }
 
     fn _finish_load(
@@ -900,21 +885,14 @@ impl MutableRepo {
     }
 
     /// Returns a [`CommitBuilder`] to write new commit to the repo.
-    pub fn new_commit(
-        &mut self,
-        settings: &UserSettings,
-        parents: Vec<CommitId>,
-        tree_id: MergedTreeId,
-    ) -> CommitBuilder {
+    pub fn new_commit(&mut self, parents: Vec<CommitId>, tree_id: MergedTreeId) -> CommitBuilder {
+        let settings = self.base_repo.settings();
         DetachedCommitBuilder::for_new_commit(self, settings, parents, tree_id).attach(self)
     }
 
     /// Returns a [`CommitBuilder`] to rewrite an existing commit in the repo.
-    pub fn rewrite_commit(
-        &mut self,
-        settings: &UserSettings,
-        predecessor: &Commit,
-    ) -> CommitBuilder {
+    pub fn rewrite_commit(&mut self, predecessor: &Commit) -> CommitBuilder {
+        let settings = self.base_repo.settings();
         DetachedCommitBuilder::for_rewrite_from(self, settings, predecessor).attach(self)
         // CommitBuilder::write will record the rewrite in
         // `self.rewritten_commits`
@@ -1074,16 +1052,16 @@ impl MutableRepo {
 
     /// Updates bookmarks, working copies, and anonymous heads after rewriting
     /// and/or abandoning commits.
-    pub fn update_rewritten_references(&mut self, settings: &UserSettings) -> BackendResult<()> {
-        self.update_all_references(settings)?;
+    pub fn update_rewritten_references(&mut self) -> BackendResult<()> {
+        self.update_all_references()?;
         self.update_heads();
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    fn update_all_references(&mut self, settings: &UserSettings) -> BackendResult<()> {
+    fn update_all_references(&mut self) -> BackendResult<()> {
         let rewrite_mapping = self.resolve_rewrite_mapping_with(|_| true);
         self.update_local_bookmarks(&rewrite_mapping);
-        self.update_wc_commits(settings, &rewrite_mapping)?;
+        self.update_wc_commits(&rewrite_mapping)?;
         Ok(())
     }
 
@@ -1114,7 +1092,6 @@ impl MutableRepo {
 
     fn update_wc_commits(
         &mut self,
-        settings: &UserSettings,
         rewrite_mapping: &HashMap<CommitId, Vec<CommitId>>,
     ) -> BackendResult<()> {
         let changed_wc_commits = self
@@ -1144,11 +1121,7 @@ impl MutableRepo {
                     .try_collect()?;
                 let merged_parents_tree = merge_commit_trees(self, &new_commits)?;
                 let commit = self
-                    .new_commit(
-                        settings,
-                        new_commit_ids.clone(),
-                        merged_parents_tree.id().clone(),
-                    )
+                    .new_commit(new_commit_ids.clone(), merged_parents_tree.id().clone())
                     .write()?;
                 recreated_wc_commits.insert(old_commit_id, commit.clone());
                 commit
@@ -1245,7 +1218,6 @@ impl MutableRepo {
     /// will not be called for descendants of those commits.
     pub fn transform_descendants(
         &mut self,
-        settings: &UserSettings,
         roots: Vec<CommitId>,
         mut callback: impl FnMut(CommitRewriter) -> BackendResult<()>,
     ) -> BackendResult<()> {
@@ -1255,7 +1227,7 @@ impl MutableRepo {
             let rewriter = CommitRewriter::new(self, old_commit, new_parent_ids);
             callback(rewriter)?;
         }
-        self.update_rewritten_references(settings)?;
+        self.update_rewritten_references()?;
         // Since we didn't necessarily visit all descendants of rewritten commits (e.g.
         // if they were rewritten in the callback), there can still be commits left to
         // rebase, so we don't clear `parent_mapping` here.
@@ -1288,16 +1260,14 @@ impl MutableRepo {
     /// bookmarks of the abandoned commit.
     pub fn rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(
         &mut self,
-        settings: &UserSettings,
         options: RebaseOptions,
     ) -> BackendResult<HashMap<CommitId, CommitId>> {
         let mut rebased: HashMap<CommitId, CommitId> = HashMap::new();
         let roots = self.parent_mapping.keys().cloned().collect_vec();
-        self.transform_descendants(settings, roots, |rewriter| {
+        self.transform_descendants(roots, |rewriter| {
             if rewriter.parents_changed() {
                 let old_commit_id = rewriter.old_commit().id().clone();
-                let rebased_commit: RebasedCommit =
-                    rebase_commit_with_options(settings, rewriter, &options)?;
+                let rebased_commit: RebasedCommit = rebase_commit_with_options(rewriter, &options)?;
                 let new_commit_id = match rebased_commit {
                     RebasedCommit::Rewritten(new_commit) => new_commit.id().clone(),
                     RebasedCommit::Abandoned { parent_id } => parent_id,
@@ -1320,12 +1290,12 @@ impl MutableRepo {
     /// emptied following the rebase operation. To customize the rebase
     /// behavior, use
     /// [`MutableRepo::rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map`].
-    pub fn rebase_descendants(&mut self, settings: &UserSettings) -> BackendResult<usize> {
+    pub fn rebase_descendants(&mut self) -> BackendResult<usize> {
         let roots = self.parent_mapping.keys().cloned().collect_vec();
         let mut num_rebased = 0;
-        self.transform_descendants(settings, roots, |rewriter| {
+        self.transform_descendants(roots, |rewriter| {
             if rewriter.parents_changed() {
-                let builder = rewriter.rebase(settings)?;
+                let builder = rewriter.rebase()?;
                 builder.write()?;
                 num_rebased += 1;
             }
@@ -1341,12 +1311,12 @@ impl MutableRepo {
     /// be recursively reparented onto the new version of their parents.
     /// The content of those descendants will remain untouched.
     /// Returns the number of reparented descendants.
-    pub fn reparent_descendants(&mut self, settings: &UserSettings) -> BackendResult<usize> {
+    pub fn reparent_descendants(&mut self) -> BackendResult<usize> {
         let roots = self.parent_mapping.keys().cloned().collect_vec();
         let mut num_reparented = 0;
-        self.transform_descendants(settings, roots, |rewriter| {
+        self.transform_descendants(roots, |rewriter| {
             if rewriter.parents_changed() {
-                let builder = rewriter.reparent(settings);
+                let builder = rewriter.reparent();
                 builder.write()?;
                 num_reparented += 1;
             }
@@ -1386,15 +1356,10 @@ impl MutableRepo {
     pub fn check_out(
         &mut self,
         workspace_id: WorkspaceId,
-        settings: &UserSettings,
         commit: &Commit,
     ) -> Result<Commit, CheckOutCommitError> {
         let wc_commit = self
-            .new_commit(
-                settings,
-                vec![commit.id().clone()],
-                commit.tree_id().clone(),
-            )
+            .new_commit(vec![commit.id().clone()], commit.tree_id().clone())
             .write()?;
         self.edit(workspace_id, &wc_commit)?;
         Ok(wc_commit)
diff --git a/lib/src/rewrite.rs b/lib/src/rewrite.rs
index 47b8091f9c..7ae4a6568b 100644
--- a/lib/src/rewrite.rs
+++ b/lib/src/rewrite.rs
@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ use crate::repo::Repo;
 use crate::repo_path::RepoPath;
 use crate::revset::RevsetExpression;
 use crate::revset::RevsetIteratorExt;
-use crate::settings::UserSettings;
 use crate::store::Store;
 
 /// Merges `commits` and tries to resolve any conflicts recursively.
@@ -119,13 +118,12 @@ pub fn restore_tree(
 }
 
 pub fn rebase_commit(
-    settings: &UserSettings,
     mut_repo: &mut MutableRepo,
     old_commit: Commit,
     new_parents: Vec<CommitId>,
 ) -> BackendResult<Commit> {
     let rewriter = CommitRewriter::new(mut_repo, old_commit, new_parents);
-    let builder = rewriter.rebase(settings)?;
+    let builder = rewriter.rebase()?;
     builder.write()
 }
 
@@ -223,7 +221,6 @@ impl<'repo> CommitRewriter<'repo> {
     /// for the new commit. Returns `None` if the commit was abandoned.
     pub fn rebase_with_empty_behavior(
         self,
-        settings: &UserSettings,
         empty: EmptyBehaviour,
     ) -> BackendResult<Option<CommitBuilder<'repo>>> {
         let old_parents: Vec<_> = self.old_commit.parents().try_collect()?;
@@ -282,7 +279,7 @@ impl<'repo> CommitRewriter<'repo> {
 
         let builder = self
             .mut_repo
-            .rewrite_commit(settings, &self.old_commit)
+            .rewrite_commit(&self.old_commit)
             .set_parents(self.new_parents)
             .set_tree_id(new_tree_id);
         Ok(Some(builder))
@@ -290,16 +287,16 @@ impl<'repo> CommitRewriter<'repo> {
 
     /// Rebase the old commit onto the new parents. Returns a `CommitBuilder`
     /// for the new commit.
-    pub fn rebase(self, settings: &UserSettings) -> BackendResult<CommitBuilder<'repo>> {
-        let builder = self.rebase_with_empty_behavior(settings, EmptyBehaviour::Keep)?;
+    pub fn rebase(self) -> BackendResult<CommitBuilder<'repo>> {
+        let builder = self.rebase_with_empty_behavior(EmptyBehaviour::Keep)?;
         Ok(builder.unwrap())
     }
 
     /// Rewrite the old commit onto the new parents without changing its
     /// contents. Returns a `CommitBuilder` for the new commit.
-    pub fn reparent(self, settings: &UserSettings) -> CommitBuilder<'repo> {
+    pub fn reparent(self) -> CommitBuilder<'repo> {
         self.mut_repo
-            .rewrite_commit(settings, &self.old_commit)
+            .rewrite_commit(&self.old_commit)
             .set_parents(self.new_parents)
     }
 }
@@ -310,7 +307,6 @@ pub enum RebasedCommit {
 }
 
 pub fn rebase_commit_with_options(
-    settings: &UserSettings,
     mut rewriter: CommitRewriter<'_>,
     options: &RebaseOptions,
 ) -> BackendResult<RebasedCommit> {
@@ -324,7 +320,7 @@ pub fn rebase_commit_with_options(
         _ => None,
     };
     let new_parents_len = rewriter.new_parents.len();
-    if let Some(builder) = rewriter.rebase_with_empty_behavior(settings, options.empty)? {
+    if let Some(builder) = rewriter.rebase_with_empty_behavior(options.empty)? {
         let new_commit = builder.write()?;
         Ok(RebasedCommit::Rewritten(new_commit))
     } else {
@@ -415,7 +411,6 @@ pub enum MoveCommitsTarget {
 /// `new_children` can be rewritten, and there will be no cycles in the
 /// resulting graph. Commits in `target` should be in reverse topological order.
 pub fn move_commits(
-    settings: &UserSettings,
     mut_repo: &mut MutableRepo,
     new_parent_ids: &[CommitId],
     new_children: &[Commit],
@@ -754,7 +749,6 @@ pub fn move_commits(
         if rewriter.parents_changed() {
             let is_target_commit = target_commit_ids.contains(&old_commit_id);
             let rebased_commit = rebase_commit_with_options(
-                settings,
                 rewriter,
                 if is_target_commit {
                     options
@@ -773,7 +767,7 @@ pub fn move_commits(
             num_skipped_rebases += 1;
         }
     }
-    mut_repo.update_rewritten_references(settings)?;
+    mut_repo.update_rewritten_references()?;
 
     Ok(MoveCommitsStats {
         num_rebased_targets,
@@ -805,7 +799,6 @@ pub struct DuplicateCommitsStats {
 /// should not be ancestors of `parent_commit_ids`. Commits in `target_commits`
 /// should be in reverse topological order (children before parents).
 pub fn duplicate_commits(
-    settings: &UserSettings,
     mut_repo: &mut MutableRepo,
     target_commits: &[CommitId],
     parent_commit_ids: &[CommitId],
@@ -880,7 +873,7 @@ pub fn duplicate_commits(
                 .collect()
         };
         let new_commit = CommitRewriter::new(mut_repo, original_commit, new_parent_ids)
-            .rebase(settings)?
+            .rebase()?
             .generate_new_change_id()
             .write()?;
         duplicated_old_to_new.insert(original_commit_id.clone(), new_commit);
@@ -899,7 +892,7 @@ pub fn duplicate_commits(
 
     // Rebase new children onto the target heads.
     let children_commit_ids_set: HashSet<CommitId> = children_commit_ids.iter().cloned().collect();
-    mut_repo.transform_descendants(settings, children_commit_ids.to_vec(), |mut rewriter| {
+    mut_repo.transform_descendants(children_commit_ids.to_vec(), |mut rewriter| {
         if children_commit_ids_set.contains(rewriter.old_commit().id()) {
             let mut child_new_parent_ids = IndexSet::new();
             for old_parent_id in rewriter.old_commit().parent_ids() {
@@ -919,7 +912,7 @@ pub fn duplicate_commits(
             rewriter.set_new_parents(child_new_parent_ids.into_iter().collect());
         }
         num_rebased += 1;
-        rewriter.rebase(settings)?.write()?;
+        rewriter.rebase()?.write()?;
         Ok(())
     })?;
 
@@ -935,7 +928,6 @@ pub fn duplicate_commits(
 /// Commits in `target_commits` should be in reverse topological order (children
 /// before parents).
 pub fn duplicate_commits_onto_parents(
-    settings: &UserSettings,
     mut_repo: &mut MutableRepo,
     target_commits: &[CommitId],
 ) -> BackendResult<DuplicateCommitsStats> {
@@ -960,7 +952,7 @@ pub fn duplicate_commits_onto_parents(
             })
             .collect();
         let new_commit = mut_repo
-            .rewrite_commit(settings, &original_commit)
+            .rewrite_commit(&original_commit)
             .generate_new_change_id()
             .set_parents(new_parent_ids)
             .write()?;
@@ -1061,7 +1053,6 @@ pub enum SquashResult {
 /// resulting commit. Caller is responsible for setting the description and
 /// finishing the commit.
 pub fn squash_commits<E>(
-    settings: &UserSettings,
     repo: &mut MutableRepo,
     sources: &[CommitToSquash],
     destination: &Commit,
@@ -1107,7 +1098,7 @@ where
             // Apply the reverse of the selected changes onto the source
             let new_source_tree =
                 source_tree.merge(&source.commit.selected_tree, &source.commit.parent_tree)?;
-            repo.rewrite_commit(settings, &source.commit.commit)
+            repo.rewrite_commit(&source.commit.commit)
                 .set_tree_id(new_source_tree.id().clone())
                 .write()?;
         }
@@ -1122,8 +1113,7 @@ where
         // rewritten sources. Otherwise it will likely already have the content
         // changes we're moving, so applying them will have no effect and the
         // changes will disappear.
-        let rebase_map =
-            repo.rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(settings, Default::default())?;
+        let rebase_map = repo.rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())?;
         let rebased_destination_id = rebase_map.get(destination.id()).unwrap().clone();
         rewritten_destination = repo.store().get_commit(&rebased_destination_id)?;
     }
@@ -1141,7 +1131,7 @@ where
     );
 
     let destination = repo
-        .rewrite_commit(settings, &rewritten_destination)
+        .rewrite_commit(&rewritten_destination)
         .set_tree_id(destination_tree.id().clone())
         .set_predecessors(predecessors)
         .set_description(description_fn(&abandoned_commits)?)
diff --git a/lib/src/working_copy.rs b/lib/src/working_copy.rs
index ac0bca65cd..abd739991b 100644
--- a/lib/src/working_copy.rs
+++ b/lib/src/working_copy.rs
@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@ use crate::repo::RewriteRootCommit;
 use crate::repo_path::InvalidRepoPathError;
 use crate::repo_path::RepoPath;
 use crate::repo_path::RepoPathBuf;
-use crate::settings::UserSettings;
 use crate::store::Store;
 
 /// The trait all working-copy implementations must implement.
@@ -434,7 +433,6 @@ pub fn create_and_check_out_recovery_commit(
     locked_wc: &mut dyn LockedWorkingCopy,
     repo: &Arc<ReadonlyRepo>,
     workspace_id: WorkspaceId,
-    user_settings: &UserSettings,
     description: &str,
 ) -> Result<(Arc<ReadonlyRepo>, Commit), RecoverWorkspaceError> {
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
@@ -446,11 +444,7 @@ pub fn create_and_check_out_recovery_commit(
         .ok_or_else(|| RecoverWorkspaceError::WorkspaceMissingWorkingCopy(workspace_id.clone()))?;
     let commit = repo.store().get_commit(commit_id)?;
     let new_commit = repo_mut
-        .new_commit(
-            user_settings,
-            vec![commit_id.clone()],
-            commit.tree_id().clone(),
-        )
+        .new_commit(vec![commit_id.clone()], commit.tree_id().clone())
         .set_description(description)
         .write()?;
     repo_mut.set_wc_commit(workspace_id, new_commit.id().clone())?;
diff --git a/lib/src/workspace.rs b/lib/src/workspace.rs
index 9e06f5e57c..4f13f4ee80 100644
--- a/lib/src/workspace.rs
+++ b/lib/src/workspace.rs
@@ -124,7 +124,6 @@ fn create_jj_dir(workspace_root: &Path) -> Result<PathBuf, WorkspaceInitError> {
 }
 
 fn init_working_copy(
-    user_settings: &UserSettings,
     repo: &Arc<ReadonlyRepo>,
     workspace_root: &Path,
     jj_dir: &Path,
@@ -135,11 +134,8 @@ fn init_working_copy(
     std::fs::create_dir(&working_copy_state_path).context(&working_copy_state_path)?;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    tx.repo_mut().check_out(
-        workspace_id.clone(),
-        user_settings,
-        &repo.store().root_commit(),
-    )?;
+    tx.repo_mut()
+        .check_out(workspace_id.clone(), &repo.store().root_commit())?;
     let repo = tx.commit(format!("add workspace '{}'", workspace_id.as_str()))?;
 
     let working_copy = working_copy_factory.init_working_copy(
@@ -313,7 +309,6 @@ impl Workspace {
                 RepoInitError::Path(err) => WorkspaceInitError::Path(err),
             })?;
             let (working_copy, repo) = init_working_copy(
-                user_settings,
                 &repo,
                 workspace_root,
                 &jj_dir,
@@ -350,7 +345,6 @@ impl Workspace {
     }
 
     pub fn init_workspace_with_existing_repo(
-        user_settings: &UserSettings,
         workspace_root: &Path,
         repo_path: &Path,
         repo: &Arc<ReadonlyRepo>,
@@ -372,7 +366,6 @@ impl Workspace {
             .context(&repo_file_path)?;
 
         let (working_copy, repo) = init_working_copy(
-            user_settings,
             repo,
             workspace_root,
             &jj_dir,
diff --git a/lib/tests/test_annotate.rs b/lib/tests/test_annotate.rs
index 040fe0d57a..897bb09cb2 100644
--- a/lib/tests/test_annotate.rs
+++ b/lib/tests/test_annotate.rs
@@ -30,14 +30,12 @@ use jj_lib::repo::Repo;
 use jj_lib::repo_path::RepoPath;
 use jj_lib::revset::ResolvedRevsetExpression;
 use jj_lib::revset::RevsetExpression;
-use jj_lib::settings::UserSettings;
 use testutils::create_tree;
 use testutils::TestRepo;
 
-fn create_commit_fn<'a>(
-    mut_repo: &'a mut MutableRepo,
-    settings: &'a UserSettings,
-) -> impl FnMut(&str, &[&CommitId], MergedTreeId) -> Commit + 'a {
+fn create_commit_fn(
+    mut_repo: &mut MutableRepo,
+) -> impl FnMut(&str, &[&CommitId], MergedTreeId) -> Commit + '_ {
     // stabilize commit IDs for ease of debugging
     let signature = Signature {
         name: "Some One".to_owned(),
@@ -50,7 +48,7 @@ fn create_commit_fn<'a>(
     move |description, parent_ids, tree_id| {
         let parent_ids = parent_ids.iter().map(|&id| id.clone()).collect();
         mut_repo
-            .new_commit(settings, parent_ids, tree_id)
+            .new_commit(parent_ids, tree_id)
             .set_author(signature.clone())
             .set_committer(signature.clone())
             .set_description(description)
@@ -105,7 +103,6 @@ fn format_annotation(repo: &dyn Repo, annotation: &FileAnnotation) -> String {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_annotate_linear() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -113,7 +110,7 @@ fn test_annotate_linear() {
     let file_path = RepoPath::from_internal_string("file");
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut create_commit = create_commit_fn(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let mut create_commit = create_commit_fn(tx.repo_mut());
     let content1 = "";
     let content2 = "2a\n2b\n";
     let content3 = "2b\n3\n";
@@ -143,7 +140,6 @@ fn test_annotate_linear() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_annotate_merge_simple() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -158,7 +154,7 @@ fn test_annotate_merge_simple() {
     // |/
     // 1    "1"
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut create_commit = create_commit_fn(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let mut create_commit = create_commit_fn(tx.repo_mut());
     let content1 = "1\n";
     let content2 = "2\n1\n";
     let content3 = "1\n3\n";
@@ -218,7 +214,6 @@ fn test_annotate_merge_simple() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_annotate_merge_split() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -233,7 +228,7 @@ fn test_annotate_merge_split() {
     // |/
     // 1    "1a 1b"
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut create_commit = create_commit_fn(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let mut create_commit = create_commit_fn(tx.repo_mut());
     let content1 = "1a\n1b\n";
     let content2 = "2\n1a\n";
     let content3 = "1b\n3\n";
@@ -259,7 +254,6 @@ fn test_annotate_merge_split() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_annotate_merge_split_interleaved() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -278,7 +272,7 @@ fn test_annotate_merge_split_interleaved() {
     // |
     // 1    "1a 1b"
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut create_commit = create_commit_fn(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let mut create_commit = create_commit_fn(tx.repo_mut());
     let content1 = "1a\n1b\n";
     let content2 = "2a\n2b\n";
     let content3 = "1a\n1b\n2a\n2b\n";
@@ -312,7 +306,6 @@ fn test_annotate_merge_split_interleaved() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_annotate_merge_dup() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -327,7 +320,7 @@ fn test_annotate_merge_dup() {
     // |/
     // 1    "1"
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut create_commit = create_commit_fn(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let mut create_commit = create_commit_fn(tx.repo_mut());
     let content1 = "1\n";
     let content2 = "2\n1\n";
     let content3 = "1\n3\n";
@@ -365,7 +358,6 @@ fn test_annotate_merge_dup() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_annotate_file_directory_transition() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -374,7 +366,7 @@ fn test_annotate_file_directory_transition() {
     let file_path2 = RepoPath::from_internal_string("file");
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut create_commit = create_commit_fn(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let mut create_commit = create_commit_fn(tx.repo_mut());
     let tree1 = create_tree(repo, &[(file_path1, "1\n")]);
     let tree2 = create_tree(repo, &[(file_path2, "2\n")]);
     let commit1 = create_commit("commit1", &[root_commit_id], tree1.id());
diff --git a/lib/tests/test_bad_locking.rs b/lib/tests/test_bad_locking.rs
index 703ce02c61..e957926f72 100644
--- a/lib/tests/test_bad_locking.rs
+++ b/lib/tests/test_bad_locking.rs
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ fn test_bad_locking_children(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
     let workspace_root = test_workspace.workspace.workspace_root();
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let initial = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let initial = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -126,12 +126,9 @@ fn test_bad_locking_children(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
         &default_working_copy_factories(),
     )
     .unwrap();
-    let machine1_repo = machine1_workspace
-        .repo_loader()
-        .load_at_head(&settings)
-        .unwrap();
+    let machine1_repo = machine1_workspace.repo_loader().load_at_head().unwrap();
     let mut machine1_tx = machine1_repo.start_transaction();
-    let child1 = create_random_commit(machine1_tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let child1 = create_random_commit(machine1_tx.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![initial.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -147,12 +144,9 @@ fn test_bad_locking_children(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
         &default_working_copy_factories(),
     )
     .unwrap();
-    let machine2_repo = machine2_workspace
-        .repo_loader()
-        .load_at_head(&settings)
-        .unwrap();
+    let machine2_repo = machine2_workspace.repo_loader().load_at_head().unwrap();
     let mut machine2_tx = machine2_repo.start_transaction();
-    let child2 = create_random_commit(machine2_tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let child2 = create_random_commit(machine2_tx.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![initial.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -169,10 +163,7 @@ fn test_bad_locking_children(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
         &default_working_copy_factories(),
     )
     .unwrap();
-    let merged_repo = merged_workspace
-        .repo_loader()
-        .load_at_head(&settings)
-        .unwrap();
+    let merged_repo = merged_workspace.repo_loader().load_at_head().unwrap();
     assert!(merged_repo.view().heads().contains(child1.id()));
     assert!(merged_repo.view().heads().contains(child2.id()));
     let op_id = merged_repo.op_id().clone();
@@ -192,7 +183,7 @@ fn test_bad_locking_interrupted(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
     let repo = &test_workspace.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let initial = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let initial = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -206,7 +197,7 @@ fn test_bad_locking_interrupted(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
     let backup_path = test_workspace.root_dir().join("backup");
     copy_directory(&op_heads_dir, &backup_path);
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![initial.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
diff --git a/lib/tests/test_commit_builder.rs b/lib/tests/test_commit_builder.rs
index b5be6f0a72..9917dddc1e 100644
--- a/lib/tests/test_commit_builder.rs
+++ b/lib/tests/test_commit_builder.rs
@@ -64,7 +64,6 @@ fn to_owned_path_vec(paths: &[&RepoPath]) -> Vec<RepoPathBuf> {
 #[test_case(TestRepoBackend::Local ; "local backend")]
 #[test_case(TestRepoBackend::Git ; "git backend")]
 fn test_initial(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init_with_backend(backend);
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
     let store = repo.store();
@@ -99,7 +98,7 @@ fn test_initial(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
     let change_id = ChangeId::new(vec![100u8; 16]);
     let builder = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![store.root_commit_id().clone()], tree.id())
+        .new_commit(vec![store.root_commit_id().clone()], tree.id())
         .set_change_id(change_id.clone())
         .set_description("description")
         .set_author(author_signature.clone())
@@ -150,11 +149,7 @@ fn test_rewrite(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let initial_commit = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .new_commit(
-            &settings,
-            vec![store.root_commit_id().clone()],
-            initial_tree.id(),
-        )
+        .new_commit(vec![store.root_commit_id().clone()], initial_tree.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
@@ -185,11 +180,11 @@ fn test_rewrite(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let rewritten_commit = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&rewrite_settings, &initial_commit)
+        .rewrite_commit(&initial_commit)
         .set_tree_id(rewritten_tree.id().clone())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     tx.commit("test").unwrap();
     let parents: Vec<_> = rewritten_commit.parents().try_collect().unwrap();
     assert_eq!(parents, vec![store.root_commit()]);
@@ -234,7 +229,6 @@ fn test_rewrite_update_missing_user(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
     let initial_commit = tx
         .repo_mut()
         .new_commit(
-            &missing_user_settings,
             vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()],
             repo.store().empty_merged_tree_id(),
         )
@@ -263,7 +257,7 @@ fn test_rewrite_update_missing_user(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let rewritten_commit = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &initial_commit)
+        .rewrite_commit(&initial_commit)
         .write()
         .unwrap();
 
@@ -294,7 +288,6 @@ fn test_rewrite_resets_author_timestamp(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
     let initial_commit = tx
         .repo_mut()
         .new_commit(
-            &settings,
             vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()],
             repo.store().empty_merged_tree_id(),
         )
@@ -316,11 +309,11 @@ fn test_rewrite_resets_author_timestamp(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let rewritten_commit_1 = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &initial_commit)
+        .rewrite_commit(&initial_commit)
         .set_description("No longer discardable")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let new_timestamp_1 =
@@ -340,11 +333,11 @@ fn test_rewrite_resets_author_timestamp(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let rewritten_commit_2 = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &rewritten_commit_1)
+        .rewrite_commit(&rewritten_commit_1)
         .set_description("New description")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let new_timestamp_2 =
@@ -358,13 +351,12 @@ fn test_rewrite_resets_author_timestamp(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
 #[test_case(TestRepoBackend::Local ; "local backend")]
 // #[test_case(TestRepoBackend::Git ; "git backend")]
 fn test_commit_builder_descendants(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init_with_backend(backend);
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
     let store = repo.store().clone();
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
     let commit3 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit2]);
@@ -374,7 +366,6 @@ fn test_commit_builder_descendants(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     tx.repo_mut()
         .new_commit(
-            &settings,
             vec![store.root_commit_id().clone()],
             store.empty_merged_tree_id(),
         )
@@ -382,20 +373,16 @@ fn test_commit_builder_descendants(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
         .unwrap();
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, Default::default())
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())
         .unwrap();
     assert_eq!(rebase_map.len(), 0);
 
     // Test with for_rewrite_from()
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit4 = tx
-        .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit2)
-        .write()
-        .unwrap();
+    let commit4 = tx.repo_mut().rewrite_commit(&commit2).write().unwrap();
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, Default::default())
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())
         .unwrap();
     assert_rebased_onto(tx.repo_mut(), &rebase_map, &commit3, &[commit4.id()]);
     assert_eq!(rebase_map.len(), 1);
@@ -403,13 +390,13 @@ fn test_commit_builder_descendants(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
     // Test with for_rewrite_from() but new change id
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     tx.repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit2)
+        .rewrite_commit(&commit2)
         .generate_new_change_id()
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, Default::default())
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())
         .unwrap();
     assert!(rebase_map.is_empty());
 }
diff --git a/lib/tests/test_commit_concurrent.rs b/lib/tests/test_commit_concurrent.rs
index 3f26c66850..b6094e3399 100644
--- a/lib/tests/test_commit_concurrent.rs
+++ b/lib/tests/test_commit_concurrent.rs
@@ -54,16 +54,15 @@ fn test_commit_parallel(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
     let num_threads = max(num_cpus::get(), 4);
     thread::scope(|s| {
         for _ in 0..num_threads {
-            let settings = settings.clone();
             let repo = repo.clone();
             s.spawn(move || {
                 let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-                write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+                write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
                 tx.commit("test").unwrap();
             });
         }
     });
-    let repo = repo.reload_at_head(&settings).unwrap();
+    let repo = repo.reload_at_head().unwrap();
     // One commit per thread plus the commit from the initial working-copy on top of
     // the root commit
     assert_eq!(repo.view().heads().len(), num_threads + 1);
@@ -89,7 +88,7 @@ fn test_commit_parallel_instances(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
             let repo = test_env.load_repo_at_head(&settings, test_workspace.repo_path());
             s.spawn(move || {
                 let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-                write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+                write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
                 tx.commit("test").unwrap();
             });
         }
diff --git a/lib/tests/test_default_revset_graph_iterator.rs b/lib/tests/test_default_revset_graph_iterator.rs
index 69fcbeeaa0..9a7922b624 100644
--- a/lib/tests/test_default_revset_graph_iterator.rs
+++ b/lib/tests/test_default_revset_graph_iterator.rs
@@ -55,7 +55,6 @@ fn missing(commit: &Commit) -> GraphEdge<CommitId> {
 #[test_case(false ; "keep transitive edges")]
 #[test_case(true ; "skip transitive edges")]
 fn test_graph_iterator_linearized(skip_transitive_edges: bool) {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -68,7 +67,7 @@ fn test_graph_iterator_linearized(skip_transitive_edges: bool) {
     // |
     // root
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
@@ -91,7 +90,6 @@ fn test_graph_iterator_linearized(skip_transitive_edges: bool) {
 #[test_case(false ; "keep transitive edges")]
 #[test_case(true ; "skip transitive edges")]
 fn test_graph_iterator_virtual_octopus(skip_transitive_edges: bool) {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -106,7 +104,7 @@ fn test_graph_iterator_virtual_octopus(skip_transitive_edges: bool) {
     //  \|/         ~ ~ ~
     //  root
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_c = graph_builder.initial_commit();
@@ -142,7 +140,6 @@ fn test_graph_iterator_virtual_octopus(skip_transitive_edges: bool) {
 #[test_case(false ; "keep transitive edges")]
 #[test_case(true ; "skip transitive edges")]
 fn test_graph_iterator_simple_fork(skip_transitive_edges: bool) {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -158,7 +155,7 @@ fn test_graph_iterator_simple_fork(skip_transitive_edges: bool) {
     // |
     // root
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_b]);
@@ -184,7 +181,6 @@ fn test_graph_iterator_simple_fork(skip_transitive_edges: bool) {
 #[test_case(false ; "keep transitive edges")]
 #[test_case(true ; "skip transitive edges")]
 fn test_graph_iterator_multiple_missing(skip_transitive_edges: bool) {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -198,7 +194,7 @@ fn test_graph_iterator_multiple_missing(skip_transitive_edges: bool) {
     //  \|/
     //  root
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_c = graph_builder.initial_commit();
@@ -226,7 +222,6 @@ fn test_graph_iterator_multiple_missing(skip_transitive_edges: bool) {
 #[test_case(false ; "keep transitive edges")]
 #[test_case(true ; "skip transitive edges")]
 fn test_graph_iterator_edge_to_ancestor(skip_transitive_edges: bool) {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -243,7 +238,7 @@ fn test_graph_iterator_edge_to_ancestor(skip_transitive_edges: bool) {
     //   |
     //  root
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
@@ -273,7 +268,6 @@ fn test_graph_iterator_edge_to_ancestor(skip_transitive_edges: bool) {
 #[test_case(false ; "keep transitive edges")]
 #[test_case(true ; "skip transitive edges")]
 fn test_graph_iterator_edge_escapes_from_(skip_transitive_edges: bool) {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -294,7 +288,7 @@ fn test_graph_iterator_edge_escapes_from_(skip_transitive_edges: bool) {
     //   |
     //  root
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
diff --git a/lib/tests/test_git.rs b/lib/tests/test_git.rs
index a8404704c4..558bc2982c 100644
--- a/lib/tests/test_git.rs
+++ b/lib/tests/test_git.rs
@@ -112,7 +112,6 @@ fn get_git_repo(repo: &Arc<ReadonlyRepo>) -> git2::Repository {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_import_refs() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let git_settings = GitSettings {
         auto_local_bookmark: true,
         ..Default::default()
@@ -137,7 +136,7 @@ fn test_import_refs() {
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     git::import_head(tx.repo_mut()).unwrap();
     let stats = git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
     let view = repo.view();
 
@@ -238,7 +237,6 @@ fn test_import_refs() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_import_refs_reimport() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let git_settings = GitSettings {
         auto_local_bookmark: true,
         ..Default::default()
@@ -259,7 +257,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport() {
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let stats = git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     assert!(stats.abandoned_commits.is_empty());
@@ -277,7 +275,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport() {
 
     // Also modify feature2 on the jj side
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit6 = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit6 = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![jj_id(&commit2)])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -287,7 +285,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport() {
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let stats = git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     assert_eq!(
@@ -354,7 +352,6 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport() {
 #[test]
 fn test_import_refs_reimport_head_removed() {
     // Test that re-importing refs doesn't cause a deleted head to come back
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let git_settings = GitSettings::default();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init_with_backend(TestRepoBackend::Git);
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
@@ -363,7 +360,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_head_removed() {
     let commit = empty_git_commit(&git_repo, "refs/heads/main", &[]);
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let commit_id = jj_id(&commit);
     // Test the setup
     assert!(tx.repo_mut().view().heads().contains(&commit_id));
@@ -371,7 +368,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_head_removed() {
     // Remove the head and re-import
     tx.repo_mut().remove_head(&commit_id);
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert!(!tx.repo_mut().view().heads().contains(&commit_id));
 }
 
@@ -379,7 +376,6 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_head_removed() {
 fn test_import_refs_reimport_git_head_does_not_count() {
     // Test that if a bookmark is removed, the corresponding commit is abandoned
     // no matter if the Git HEAD points to the commit (or a descendant of it.)
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let git_settings = GitSettings::default();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init_with_backend(TestRepoBackend::Git);
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
@@ -391,7 +387,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_git_head_does_not_count() {
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     git::import_head(tx.repo_mut()).unwrap();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
 
     // Delete the bookmark and re-import. The commit should still be there since
     // HEAD points to it
@@ -402,14 +398,13 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_git_head_does_not_count() {
         .unwrap();
     git::import_head(tx.repo_mut()).unwrap();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert!(!tx.repo_mut().view().heads().contains(&jj_id(&commit)));
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_import_refs_reimport_git_head_without_ref() {
     // Simulate external `git checkout` in colocated repo, from anonymous bookmark.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let git_settings = GitSettings::default();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init_with_backend(TestRepoBackend::Git);
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
@@ -417,14 +412,14 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_git_head_without_ref() {
 
     // First, HEAD points to commit1.
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit1 = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
-    let commit2 = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let commit1 = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
+    let commit2 = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
     git_repo.set_head_detached(git_id(&commit1)).unwrap();
 
     // Import HEAD.
     git::import_head(tx.repo_mut()).unwrap();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert!(tx.repo_mut().view().heads().contains(commit1.id()));
     assert!(tx.repo_mut().view().heads().contains(commit2.id()));
 
@@ -437,7 +432,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_git_head_without_ref() {
     // but it should be safer than abandoning old checkout branch.
     git::import_head(tx.repo_mut()).unwrap();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert!(tx.repo_mut().view().heads().contains(commit1.id()));
     assert!(tx.repo_mut().view().heads().contains(commit2.id()));
 }
@@ -445,7 +440,6 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_git_head_without_ref() {
 #[test]
 fn test_import_refs_reimport_git_head_with_moved_ref() {
     // Simulate external history rewriting in colocated repo.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let git_settings = GitSettings::default();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init_with_backend(TestRepoBackend::Git);
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
@@ -453,8 +447,8 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_git_head_with_moved_ref() {
 
     // First, both HEAD and main point to commit1.
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit1 = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
-    let commit2 = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let commit1 = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
+    let commit2 = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
     git_repo
         .reference("refs/heads/main", git_id(&commit1), true, "test")
         .unwrap();
@@ -463,7 +457,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_git_head_with_moved_ref() {
     // Import HEAD and main.
     git::import_head(tx.repo_mut()).unwrap();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert!(tx.repo_mut().view().heads().contains(commit1.id()));
     assert!(tx.repo_mut().view().heads().contains(commit2.id()));
 
@@ -476,20 +470,19 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_git_head_with_moved_ref() {
     // Reimport HEAD and main, which abandons the old main branch.
     git::import_head(tx.repo_mut()).unwrap();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert!(!tx.repo_mut().view().heads().contains(commit1.id()));
     assert!(tx.repo_mut().view().heads().contains(commit2.id()));
     // Reimport HEAD and main, which abandons the old main bookmark.
     git::import_head(tx.repo_mut()).unwrap();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert!(!tx.repo_mut().view().heads().contains(commit1.id()));
     assert!(tx.repo_mut().view().heads().contains(commit2.id()));
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_import_refs_reimport_with_deleted_remote_ref() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let git_settings = GitSettings {
         auto_local_bookmark: true,
         ..Default::default()
@@ -518,7 +511,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_with_deleted_remote_ref() {
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let expected_heads = hashset! {
@@ -574,7 +567,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_with_deleted_remote_ref() {
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let view = repo.view();
@@ -611,7 +604,6 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_with_deleted_remote_ref() {
 /// moved sideways instead of being deleted.
 #[test]
 fn test_import_refs_reimport_with_moved_remote_ref() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let git_settings = GitSettings {
         auto_local_bookmark: true,
         ..Default::default()
@@ -640,7 +632,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_with_moved_remote_ref() {
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let expected_heads = hashset! {
@@ -706,7 +698,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_with_moved_remote_ref() {
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let view = repo.view();
@@ -758,7 +750,6 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_with_moved_remote_ref() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_import_refs_reimport_with_moved_untracked_remote_ref() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let git_settings = GitSettings {
         auto_local_bookmark: false,
         ..Default::default()
@@ -773,7 +764,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_with_moved_untracked_remote_ref() {
     let commit_remote_t0 = empty_git_commit(&git_repo, remote_ref_name, &[&commit_base]);
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
     let view = repo.view();
 
@@ -793,7 +784,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_with_moved_untracked_remote_ref() {
     let commit_remote_t1 = empty_git_commit(&git_repo, remote_ref_name, &[&commit_base]);
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
     let view = repo.view();
 
@@ -813,7 +804,6 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_with_moved_untracked_remote_ref() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_import_refs_reimport_with_deleted_untracked_intermediate_remote_ref() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let git_settings = GitSettings {
         auto_local_bookmark: false,
         ..Default::default()
@@ -831,7 +821,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_with_deleted_untracked_intermediate_remote_ref() {
     let commit_remote_b = empty_git_commit(&git_repo, remote_ref_name_b, &[&commit_remote_a]);
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
     let view = repo.view();
 
@@ -857,7 +847,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_with_deleted_untracked_intermediate_remote_ref() {
     delete_git_ref(&git_repo, remote_ref_name_a);
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
     let view = repo.view();
 
@@ -878,7 +868,6 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_with_deleted_untracked_intermediate_remote_ref() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_import_refs_reimport_with_deleted_abandoned_untracked_remote_ref() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let git_settings = GitSettings {
         auto_local_bookmark: false,
         ..Default::default()
@@ -896,7 +885,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_with_deleted_abandoned_untracked_remote_ref() {
     let commit_remote_b = empty_git_commit(&git_repo, remote_ref_name_b, &[&commit_remote_a]);
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
     let view = repo.view();
 
@@ -924,7 +913,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_with_deleted_abandoned_untracked_remote_ref() {
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     tx.repo_mut()
         .record_abandoned_commit(jj_id(&commit_remote_b));
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
     let view = repo.view();
     assert_eq!(*view.heads(), hashset! { jj_id(&commit_remote_a) });
@@ -935,7 +924,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_with_deleted_abandoned_untracked_remote_ref() {
     delete_git_ref(&git_repo, remote_ref_name_a);
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
     let view = repo.view();
 
@@ -959,7 +948,6 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_with_deleted_abandoned_untracked_remote_ref() {
 #[test]
 fn test_import_refs_reimport_git_head_with_fixed_ref() {
     // Simulate external `git checkout` in colocated repo, from named bookmark.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let git_settings = GitSettings::default();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init_with_backend(TestRepoBackend::Git);
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
@@ -967,8 +955,8 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_git_head_with_fixed_ref() {
 
     // First, both HEAD and main point to commit1.
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit1 = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
-    let commit2 = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let commit1 = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
+    let commit2 = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
     git_repo
         .reference("refs/heads/main", git_id(&commit1), true, "test")
         .unwrap();
@@ -977,7 +965,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_git_head_with_fixed_ref() {
     // Import HEAD and main.
     git::import_head(tx.repo_mut()).unwrap();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert!(tx.repo_mut().view().heads().contains(commit1.id()));
     assert!(tx.repo_mut().view().heads().contains(commit2.id()));
 
@@ -987,7 +975,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_git_head_with_fixed_ref() {
     // Reimport HEAD, which shouldn't abandon the old HEAD branch.
     git::import_head(tx.repo_mut()).unwrap();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert!(tx.repo_mut().view().heads().contains(commit1.id()));
     assert!(tx.repo_mut().view().heads().contains(commit2.id()));
 }
@@ -996,7 +984,6 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_git_head_with_fixed_ref() {
 fn test_import_refs_reimport_all_from_root_removed() {
     // Test that if a chain of commits all the way from the root gets unreferenced,
     // we abandon the whole stack, but not including the root commit.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let git_settings = GitSettings::default();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init_with_backend(TestRepoBackend::Git);
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
@@ -1005,7 +992,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_all_from_root_removed() {
     let commit = empty_git_commit(&git_repo, "refs/heads/main", &[]);
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     // Test the setup
     assert!(tx.repo_mut().view().heads().contains(&jj_id(&commit)));
 
@@ -1016,14 +1003,13 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_all_from_root_removed() {
         .delete()
         .unwrap();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert!(!tx.repo_mut().view().heads().contains(&jj_id(&commit)));
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_import_refs_reimport_abandoning_disabled() {
     // Test that we don't abandoned unreachable commits if configured not to
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let git_settings = GitSettings {
         abandon_unreachable_commits: false,
         ..Default::default()
@@ -1036,7 +1022,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_abandoning_disabled() {
     let commit2 = empty_git_commit(&git_repo, "refs/heads/delete-me", &[&commit1]);
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     // Test the setup
     assert!(tx.repo_mut().view().heads().contains(&jj_id(&commit2)));
 
@@ -1047,13 +1033,12 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_abandoning_disabled() {
         .delete()
         .unwrap();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert!(tx.repo_mut().view().heads().contains(&jj_id(&commit2)));
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_import_refs_reimport_conflicted_remote_bookmark() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let git_settings = GitSettings {
         auto_local_bookmark: true,
         ..Default::default()
@@ -1073,7 +1058,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_reimport_conflicted_remote_bookmark() {
     git::import_refs(tx2.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
 
     // Remote bookmark can diverge by divergent operations (like `jj git fetch`)
-    let repo = commit_transactions(&settings, vec![tx1, tx2]);
+    let repo = commit_transactions(vec![tx1, tx2]);
     assert_eq!(
         repo.view().get_git_ref("refs/remotes/origin/main"),
         &RefTarget::from_legacy_form([], [jj_id(&commit1), jj_id(&commit2)]),
@@ -1119,7 +1104,6 @@ fn test_import_refs_reserved_remote_name() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_import_some_refs() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let git_settings = GitSettings {
         auto_local_bookmark: true,
         ..Default::default()
@@ -1155,7 +1139,7 @@ fn test_import_some_refs() {
             .unwrap_or(false)
     })
     .unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     // There are two heads, feature2 and feature4.
@@ -1236,7 +1220,7 @@ fn test_import_some_refs() {
         get_remote_bookmark(ref_name) == Some("feature2")
     })
     .unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     // feature2 and feature4 will still be heads, and all four bookmarks should be
@@ -1253,7 +1237,7 @@ fn test_import_some_refs() {
     })
     .unwrap();
     // No descendant should be rewritten.
-    assert_eq!(tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap(), 0);
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     // feature2 and feature4 should still be the heads, and all three bookmarks
@@ -1270,7 +1254,7 @@ fn test_import_some_refs() {
     })
     .unwrap();
     // No descendant should be rewritten
-    assert_eq!(tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap(), 0);
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     // feature2 and feature4 should still be the heads, and both bookmarks
@@ -1286,7 +1270,7 @@ fn test_import_some_refs() {
     })
     .unwrap();
     // No descendant should be rewritten
-    assert_eq!(tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap(), 0);
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     // feature2 should now be the only head and only bookmark.
@@ -1307,7 +1291,6 @@ fn delete_git_ref(git_repo: &git2::Repository, name: &str) {
 }
 
 struct GitRepoData {
-    settings: UserSettings,
     _temp_dir: TempDir,
     origin_repo: git2::Repository,
     git_repo: git2::Repository,
@@ -1343,7 +1326,6 @@ impl GitRepoData {
         )
         .unwrap();
         Self {
-            settings,
             _temp_dir: temp_dir,
             origin_repo,
             git_repo,
@@ -1359,9 +1341,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_empty_git_repo() {
     let heads_before = test_data.repo.view().heads().clone();
     let mut tx = test_data.repo.start_transaction();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants(&test_data.settings)
-        .unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
     assert_eq!(*repo.view().heads(), heads_before);
     assert_eq!(repo.view().bookmarks().count(), 0);
@@ -1461,9 +1441,7 @@ fn test_import_refs_detached_head() {
     let mut tx = test_data.repo.start_transaction();
     git::import_head(tx.repo_mut()).unwrap();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants(&test_data.settings)
-        .unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let expected_heads = hashset! { jj_id(&commit1) };
@@ -1485,7 +1463,7 @@ fn test_export_refs_no_detach() {
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
     git::import_head(mut_repo).unwrap();
     git::import_refs(mut_repo, &git_settings).unwrap();
-    mut_repo.rebase_descendants(&test_data.settings).unwrap();
+    mut_repo.rebase_descendants().unwrap();
 
     // Do an initial export to make sure `main` is considered
     assert!(git::export_refs(mut_repo).unwrap().is_empty());
@@ -1516,10 +1494,10 @@ fn test_export_refs_bookmark_changed() {
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
     git::import_head(mut_repo).unwrap();
     git::import_refs(mut_repo, &git_settings).unwrap();
-    mut_repo.rebase_descendants(&test_data.settings).unwrap();
+    mut_repo.rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert!(git::export_refs(mut_repo).unwrap().is_empty());
 
-    let new_commit = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &test_data.settings)
+    let new_commit = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![jj_id(&commit)])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -1555,10 +1533,10 @@ fn test_export_refs_current_bookmark_changed() {
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
     git::import_head(mut_repo).unwrap();
     git::import_refs(mut_repo, &git_settings).unwrap();
-    mut_repo.rebase_descendants(&test_data.settings).unwrap();
+    mut_repo.rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert!(git::export_refs(mut_repo).unwrap().is_empty());
 
-    let new_commit = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &test_data.settings)
+    let new_commit = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![jj_id(&commit1)])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -1592,11 +1570,11 @@ fn test_export_refs_unborn_git_bookmark(move_placeholder_ref: bool) {
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
     git::import_head(mut_repo).unwrap();
     git::import_refs(mut_repo, &git_settings).unwrap();
-    mut_repo.rebase_descendants(&test_data.settings).unwrap();
+    mut_repo.rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert!(git::export_refs(mut_repo).unwrap().is_empty());
     assert!(git_repo.head().is_err(), "HEAD is unborn");
 
-    let new_commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &test_data.settings);
+    let new_commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     mut_repo.set_local_bookmark_target("main", RefTarget::normal(new_commit.id().clone()));
     if move_placeholder_ref {
         git_repo
@@ -1633,9 +1611,9 @@ fn test_export_import_sequence() {
     let git_repo = test_data.git_repo;
     let mut tx = test_data.repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let commit_a = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &test_data.settings);
-    let commit_b = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &test_data.settings);
-    let commit_c = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &test_data.settings);
+    let commit_a = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit_b = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit_c = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
 
     // Import the bookmark pointing to A
     git_repo
@@ -1770,9 +1748,9 @@ fn test_export_conflicts() {
     let git_repo = test_data.git_repo;
     let mut tx = test_data.repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let commit_a = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &test_data.settings);
-    let commit_b = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &test_data.settings);
-    let commit_c = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &test_data.settings);
+    let commit_a = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit_b = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit_c = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     mut_repo.set_local_bookmark_target("main", RefTarget::normal(commit_a.id().clone()));
     mut_repo.set_local_bookmark_target("feature", RefTarget::normal(commit_a.id().clone()));
     assert!(git::export_refs(mut_repo).unwrap().is_empty());
@@ -1845,7 +1823,7 @@ fn test_export_partial_failure() {
     let git_repo = test_data.git_repo;
     let mut tx = test_data.repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let commit_a = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &test_data.settings);
+    let commit_a = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     let target = RefTarget::normal(commit_a.id().clone());
     // Empty string is disallowed by Git
     mut_repo.set_local_bookmark_target("", target.clone());
@@ -1930,9 +1908,9 @@ fn test_export_reexport_transitions() {
     let git_repo = test_data.git_repo;
     let mut tx = test_data.repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let commit_a = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &test_data.settings);
-    let commit_b = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &test_data.settings);
-    let commit_c = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &test_data.settings);
+    let commit_a = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit_b = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit_c = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     // Create a few bookmarks whose names indicate how they change in jj in git. The
     // first letter represents the bookmark's target in the last export. The second
     // letter represents the bookmark's target in jj. The third letter represents
@@ -2085,7 +2063,7 @@ fn test_export_undo_reexport() {
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
 
     // Initial export
-    let commit_a = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &test_data.settings);
+    let commit_a = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     let target_a = RefTarget::normal(commit_a.id().clone());
     mut_repo.set_local_bookmark_target("main", target_a.clone());
     assert!(git::export_refs(mut_repo).unwrap().is_empty());
@@ -2138,11 +2116,11 @@ fn test_reset_head_to_root() {
     let root_commit_id = repo.store().root_commit_id();
     let tree_id = repo.store().empty_merged_tree_id();
     let commit1 = mut_repo
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![root_commit_id.clone()], tree_id.clone())
+        .new_commit(vec![root_commit_id.clone()], tree_id.clone())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let commit2 = mut_repo
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![commit1.id().clone()], tree_id.clone())
+        .new_commit(vec![commit1.id().clone()], tree_id.clone())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
 
@@ -2196,11 +2174,11 @@ fn test_reset_head_with_index() {
     let root_commit_id = repo.store().root_commit_id();
     let tree_id = repo.store().empty_merged_tree_id();
     let commit1 = mut_repo
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![root_commit_id.clone()], tree_id.clone())
+        .new_commit(vec![root_commit_id.clone()], tree_id.clone())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let commit2 = mut_repo
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![commit1.id().clone()], tree_id.clone())
+        .new_commit(vec![commit1.id().clone()], tree_id.clone())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
 
@@ -2655,8 +2633,8 @@ fn set_up_push_repos(settings: &UserSettings, temp_dir: &TempDir) -> PushTestSet
         .get_commit(&jj_id(&parent_of_initial_git_commit))
         .unwrap();
     let mut tx = jj_repo.start_transaction();
-    let sideways_commit = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), settings);
-    let child_of_main_commit = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), settings)
+    let sideways_commit = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
+    let child_of_main_commit = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![main_commit.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -3156,7 +3134,6 @@ fn test_push_updates_invalid_remote() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_bulk_update_extra_on_import_refs() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let git_settings = GitSettings::default();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init_with_backend(TestRepoBackend::Git);
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
@@ -3173,7 +3150,7 @@ fn test_bulk_update_extra_on_import_refs() {
     let import_refs = |repo: &Arc<ReadonlyRepo>| {
         let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
         git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-        tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+        tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
         tx.commit("test").unwrap()
     };
 
@@ -3202,7 +3179,6 @@ fn test_bulk_update_extra_on_import_refs() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rewrite_imported_commit() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let git_settings = GitSettings::default();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init_with_backend(TestRepoBackend::Git);
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
@@ -3212,7 +3188,7 @@ fn test_rewrite_imported_commit() {
     let git_commit = empty_git_commit(&git_repo, "refs/heads/main", &[]);
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     git::import_refs(tx.repo_mut(), &git_settings).unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
     let imported_commit = repo.store().get_commit(&jj_id(&git_commit)).unwrap();
 
@@ -3221,7 +3197,6 @@ fn test_rewrite_imported_commit() {
     let authored_commit = tx
         .repo_mut()
         .new_commit(
-            &settings,
             imported_commit.parent_ids().to_vec(),
             imported_commit.tree_id().clone(),
         )
@@ -3271,7 +3246,7 @@ fn test_concurrent_write_commit() {
             s.spawn(move || {
                 barrier.wait();
                 let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-                let commit = create_rooted_commit(tx.repo_mut(), settings)
+                let commit = create_rooted_commit(tx.repo_mut())
                     .set_description("racy commit")
                     .write()
                     .unwrap();
@@ -3296,7 +3271,7 @@ fn test_concurrent_write_commit() {
     assert_eq!(commit_change_ids.len(), num_thread);
 
     // All unique commits should be preserved.
-    let repo = repo.reload_at_head(settings).unwrap();
+    let repo = repo.reload_at_head().unwrap();
     for (commit_id, change_ids) in &commit_change_ids {
         let commit = repo.store().get_commit(commit_id).unwrap();
         assert_eq!(commit.id(), commit_id);
@@ -3357,7 +3332,7 @@ fn test_concurrent_read_write_commit() {
             s.spawn(move || {
                 barrier.wait();
                 let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-                let commit = create_rooted_commit(tx.repo_mut(), settings)
+                let commit = create_rooted_commit(tx.repo_mut())
                     .set_description(format!("commit {i}"))
                     .write()
                     .unwrap();
@@ -3380,7 +3355,7 @@ fn test_concurrent_read_write_commit() {
                     if pending_commit_ids.is_empty() {
                         break;
                     }
-                    repo = repo.reload_at_head(settings).unwrap();
+                    repo = repo.reload_at_head().unwrap();
                     let git_backend = get_git_backend(&repo);
                     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
                     pending_commit_ids = pending_commit_ids
@@ -3427,7 +3402,7 @@ fn test_concurrent_read_write_commit() {
     });
 
     // The index should be consistent with the store.
-    let repo = repo.reload_at_head(settings).unwrap();
+    let repo = repo.reload_at_head().unwrap();
     for commit_id in &commit_ids {
         assert!(repo.index().has_id(commit_id));
         let commit = repo.store().get_commit(commit_id).unwrap();
@@ -3438,10 +3413,7 @@ fn test_concurrent_read_write_commit() {
     }
 }
 
-fn create_rooted_commit<'repo>(
-    mut_repo: &'repo mut MutableRepo,
-    settings: &UserSettings,
-) -> CommitBuilder<'repo> {
+fn create_rooted_commit(mut_repo: &mut MutableRepo) -> CommitBuilder<'_> {
     let signature = Signature {
         name: "Test User".to_owned(),
         email: "test.user@example.com".to_owned(),
@@ -3453,7 +3425,6 @@ fn create_rooted_commit<'repo>(
     };
     mut_repo
         .new_commit(
-            settings,
             vec![mut_repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()],
             mut_repo.store().empty_merged_tree_id(),
         )
diff --git a/lib/tests/test_git_backend.rs b/lib/tests/test_git_backend.rs
index ec2bb4f6e3..9b77cf8519 100644
--- a/lib/tests/test_git_backend.rs
+++ b/lib/tests/test_git_backend.rs
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ use jj_lib::repo::ReadonlyRepo;
 use jj_lib::repo::Repo;
 use jj_lib::repo_path::RepoPath;
 use jj_lib::repo_path::RepoPathBuf;
-use jj_lib::settings::UserSettings;
 use jj_lib::store::Store;
 use jj_lib::transaction::Transaction;
 use maplit::hashset;
@@ -77,13 +76,12 @@ fn get_copy_records(
 
 fn make_commit(
     tx: &mut Transaction,
-    settings: &UserSettings,
     parents: Vec<CommitId>,
     content: &[(&RepoPath, &str)],
 ) -> Commit {
     let tree = create_tree(tx.base_repo(), content);
     tx.repo_mut()
-        .new_commit(settings, parents, tree.id())
+        .new_commit(parents, tree.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap()
 }
@@ -96,7 +94,6 @@ fn test_gc() {
         return;
     }
 
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init_with_backend(TestRepoBackend::Git);
     let repo = test_repo.repo;
     let git_repo_path = get_git_backend(&repo).git_repo_path();
@@ -115,7 +112,7 @@ fn test_gc() {
     // B
     // A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_b]);
@@ -123,7 +120,7 @@ fn test_gc() {
     let commit_e = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_b]);
     let commit_f = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_b]);
     let commit_g = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_e, &commit_f]);
-    let commit_h = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit_h = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![commit_f.id().clone()])
         .set_predecessors(vec![commit_d.id().clone()])
         .write()
@@ -239,7 +236,6 @@ fn test_gc() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_copy_detection() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init_with_backend(TestRepoBackend::Git);
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -252,19 +248,16 @@ fn test_copy_detection() {
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let commit_a = make_commit(
         &mut tx,
-        &settings,
         vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()],
         &[(&paths[0], "content")],
     );
     let commit_b = make_commit(
         &mut tx,
-        &settings,
         vec![commit_a.id().clone()],
         &[(&paths[1], "content")],
     );
     let commit_c = make_commit(
         &mut tx,
-        &settings,
         vec![commit_b.id().clone()],
         &[(&paths[2], "content")],
     );
diff --git a/lib/tests/test_id_prefix.rs b/lib/tests/test_id_prefix.rs
index 75f1856d81..8ce306c478 100644
--- a/lib/tests/test_id_prefix.rs
+++ b/lib/tests/test_id_prefix.rs
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ use testutils::TestRepoBackend;
 
 #[test]
 fn test_id_prefix() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init_with_backend(TestRepoBackend::Git);
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
     let root_commit_id = repo.store().root_commit_id();
@@ -48,11 +47,7 @@ fn test_id_prefix() {
             },
         };
         tx.repo_mut()
-            .new_commit(
-                &settings,
-                vec![parent_id.clone()],
-                repo.store().empty_merged_tree_id(),
-            )
+            .new_commit(vec![parent_id.clone()], repo.store().empty_merged_tree_id())
             .set_author(signature.clone())
             .set_committer(signature)
             .write()
@@ -259,7 +254,6 @@ fn test_id_prefix() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_id_prefix_divergent() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init_with_backend(TestRepoBackend::Git);
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
     let root_commit_id = repo.store().root_commit_id();
@@ -276,11 +270,7 @@ fn test_id_prefix_divergent() {
                 },
             };
             tx.repo_mut()
-                .new_commit(
-                    &settings,
-                    vec![parent_id.clone()],
-                    repo.store().empty_merged_tree_id(),
-                )
+                .new_commit(vec![parent_id.clone()], repo.store().empty_merged_tree_id())
                 .set_description(description)
                 .set_author(signature.clone())
                 .set_committer(signature)
@@ -398,7 +388,6 @@ fn test_id_prefix_divergent() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_id_prefix_hidden() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init_with_backend(TestRepoBackend::Git);
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
     let root_commit_id = repo.store().root_commit_id();
@@ -417,7 +406,6 @@ fn test_id_prefix_hidden() {
         let commit = tx
             .repo_mut()
             .new_commit(
-                &settings,
                 vec![root_commit_id.clone()],
                 repo.store().empty_merged_tree_id(),
             )
@@ -469,7 +457,7 @@ fn test_id_prefix_hidden() {
     let hidden_commit = &commits[8];
     tx.repo_mut()
         .record_abandoned_commit(hidden_commit.id().clone());
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let prefix = |x: &str| HexPrefix::new(x).unwrap();
diff --git a/lib/tests/test_index.rs b/lib/tests/test_index.rs
index 21f5163ee8..657f181d55 100644
--- a/lib/tests/test_index.rs
+++ b/lib/tests/test_index.rs
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ use jj_lib::repo::ReadonlyRepo;
 use jj_lib::repo::Repo;
 use jj_lib::revset::ResolvedExpression;
 use jj_lib::revset::GENERATION_RANGE_FULL;
-use jj_lib::settings::UserSettings;
 use maplit::hashset;
 use testutils::commit_transactions;
 use testutils::create_random_commit;
@@ -47,12 +46,8 @@ use testutils::write_random_commit;
 use testutils::CommitGraphBuilder;
 use testutils::TestRepo;
 
-fn child_commit<'repo>(
-    mut_repo: &'repo mut MutableRepo,
-    settings: &UserSettings,
-    commit: &Commit,
-) -> CommitBuilder<'repo> {
-    create_random_commit(mut_repo, settings).set_parents(vec![commit.id().clone()])
+fn child_commit<'repo>(mut_repo: &'repo mut MutableRepo, commit: &Commit) -> CommitBuilder<'repo> {
+    create_random_commit(mut_repo).set_parents(vec![commit.id().clone()])
 }
 
 // Helper just to reduce line wrapping
@@ -75,7 +70,6 @@ fn test_index_commits_empty_repo() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_index_commits_standard_cases() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -95,7 +89,7 @@ fn test_index_commits_standard_cases() {
 
     let root_commit_id = repo.store().root_commit_id();
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
@@ -142,7 +136,6 @@ fn test_index_commits_standard_cases() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_index_commits_criss_cross() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -152,7 +145,7 @@ fn test_index_commits_criss_cross() {
     // keeping track of visited nodes, it would be 2^50 visits, so if this test
     // finishes in reasonable time, we know that we don't do a naive traversal.
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let mut left_commits = vec![graph_builder.initial_commit()];
     let mut right_commits = vec![graph_builder.initial_commit()];
     for gen in 1..num_generations {
@@ -307,7 +300,7 @@ fn test_index_commits_previous_operations() {
     // o root
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_b]);
@@ -350,9 +343,9 @@ fn test_index_commits_hidden_but_referenced() {
     // This can also happen if imported remote bookmarks get immediately
     // abandoned because the other bookmark has moved.
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit_a = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
-    let commit_b = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
-    let commit_c = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let commit_a = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
+    let commit_b = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
+    let commit_c = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
     tx.repo_mut().remove_head(commit_a.id());
     tx.repo_mut().remove_head(commit_b.id());
     tx.repo_mut().remove_head(commit_c.id());
@@ -404,9 +397,7 @@ fn test_index_commits_incremental() {
 
     let root_commit = repo.store().root_commit();
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit_a = child_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings, &root_commit)
-        .write()
-        .unwrap();
+    let commit_a = child_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &root_commit).write().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let index = as_readonly_composite(&repo);
@@ -414,12 +405,8 @@ fn test_index_commits_incremental() {
     assert_eq!(index.num_commits(), 1 + 1);
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit_b = child_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings, &commit_a)
-        .write()
-        .unwrap();
-    let commit_c = child_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings, &commit_b)
-        .write()
-        .unwrap();
+    let commit_b = child_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &commit_a).write().unwrap();
+    let commit_c = child_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &commit_b).write().unwrap();
     tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let repo = test_env.load_repo_at_head(&settings, test_repo.repo_path());
@@ -456,9 +443,7 @@ fn test_index_commits_incremental_empty_transaction() {
 
     let root_commit = repo.store().root_commit();
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit_a = child_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings, &root_commit)
-        .write()
-        .unwrap();
+    let commit_a = child_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &root_commit).write().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let index = as_readonly_composite(&repo);
@@ -486,7 +471,6 @@ fn test_index_commits_incremental_empty_transaction() {
 #[test]
 fn test_index_commits_incremental_already_indexed() {
     // Tests that trying to add a commit that's already been added is a no-op.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -498,9 +482,7 @@ fn test_index_commits_incremental_already_indexed() {
 
     let root_commit = repo.store().root_commit();
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit_a = child_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings, &root_commit)
-        .write()
-        .unwrap();
+    let commit_a = child_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &root_commit).write().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     assert!(repo.index().has_id(commit_a.id()));
@@ -512,14 +494,10 @@ fn test_index_commits_incremental_already_indexed() {
 }
 
 #[must_use]
-fn create_n_commits(
-    settings: &UserSettings,
-    repo: &Arc<ReadonlyRepo>,
-    num_commits: i32,
-) -> Arc<ReadonlyRepo> {
+fn create_n_commits(repo: &Arc<ReadonlyRepo>, num_commits: i32) -> Arc<ReadonlyRepo> {
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     for _ in 0..num_commits {
-        write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), settings);
+        write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
     }
     tx.commit("test").unwrap()
 }
@@ -551,64 +529,62 @@ fn commits_by_level(repo: &Arc<ReadonlyRepo>) -> Vec<u32> {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_index_commits_incremental_squashed() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
-
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, repo, 1);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(repo, 1);
     assert_eq!(commits_by_level(&repo), vec![2]);
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, &repo, 1);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(&repo, 1);
     assert_eq!(commits_by_level(&repo), vec![3]);
 
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, repo, 2);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(repo, 2);
     assert_eq!(commits_by_level(&repo), vec![3]);
 
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, repo, 100);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(repo, 100);
     assert_eq!(commits_by_level(&repo), vec![101]);
 
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, repo, 1);
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, &repo, 2);
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, &repo, 4);
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, &repo, 8);
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, &repo, 16);
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, &repo, 32);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(repo, 1);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(&repo, 2);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(&repo, 4);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(&repo, 8);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(&repo, 16);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(&repo, 32);
     assert_eq!(commits_by_level(&repo), vec![64]);
 
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, repo, 32);
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, &repo, 16);
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, &repo, 8);
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, &repo, 4);
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, &repo, 2);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(repo, 32);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(&repo, 16);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(&repo, 8);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(&repo, 4);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(&repo, 2);
     assert_eq!(commits_by_level(&repo), vec![57, 6]);
 
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, repo, 30);
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, &repo, 15);
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, &repo, 7);
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, &repo, 3);
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, &repo, 1);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(repo, 30);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(&repo, 15);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(&repo, 7);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(&repo, 3);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(&repo, 1);
     assert_eq!(commits_by_level(&repo), vec![31, 15, 7, 3, 1]);
 
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, repo, 10);
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, &repo, 10);
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, &repo, 10);
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, &repo, 10);
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, &repo, 10);
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, &repo, 10);
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, &repo, 10);
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, &repo, 10);
-    let repo = create_n_commits(&settings, &repo, 10);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(repo, 10);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(&repo, 10);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(&repo, 10);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(&repo, 10);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(&repo, 10);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(&repo, 10);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(&repo, 10);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(&repo, 10);
+    let repo = create_n_commits(&repo, 10);
     assert_eq!(commits_by_level(&repo), vec![71, 20]);
 }
 
@@ -620,7 +596,7 @@ fn test_reindex_no_segments_dir() {
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit_a = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let commit_a = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
     assert!(repo.index().has_id(commit_a.id()));
 
@@ -641,7 +617,7 @@ fn test_reindex_corrupt_segment_files() {
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit_a = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let commit_a = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
     assert!(repo.index().has_id(commit_a.id()));
 
@@ -664,7 +640,6 @@ fn test_reindex_corrupt_segment_files() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_reindex_from_merged_operation() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -679,17 +654,17 @@ fn test_reindex_from_merged_operation() {
     let mut txs = Vec::new();
     for _ in 0..2 {
         let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-        let commit = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+        let commit = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
         let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
         let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
         tx.repo_mut().remove_head(commit.id());
         txs.push(tx);
     }
-    let repo = commit_transactions(&settings, txs);
+    let repo = commit_transactions(txs);
     let mut op_ids_to_delete = Vec::new();
     op_ids_to_delete.push(repo.op_id());
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
     op_ids_to_delete.push(repo.op_id());
     let operation_to_reload = repo.operation();
@@ -719,7 +694,7 @@ fn test_reindex_missing_commit() {
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let missing_commit = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let missing_commit = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
     let bad_op_id = repo.op_id();
 
@@ -760,7 +735,6 @@ fn test_index_store_type() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_change_id_index() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -772,7 +746,6 @@ fn test_change_id_index() {
         commit_number += 1;
         tx.repo_mut()
             .new_commit(
-                &settings,
                 vec![root_commit.id().clone()],
                 root_commit.tree_id().clone(),
             )
diff --git a/lib/tests/test_init.rs b/lib/tests/test_init.rs
index 8d3a086b51..8845b540f1 100644
--- a/lib/tests/test_init.rs
+++ b/lib/tests/test_init.rs
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ fn test_init_local() {
 
     // Just test that we can write a commit to the store
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ fn test_init_internal_git() {
 
     // Just test that we can write a commit to the store
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ fn test_init_colocated_git() {
 
     // Just test that we can write a commit to the store
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ fn test_init_external_git() {
 
     // Just test that we can write a commit to the store
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
 }
 
 #[test_case(TestRepoBackend::Local ; "local backend")]
diff --git a/lib/tests/test_load_repo.rs b/lib/tests/test_load_repo.rs
index 92c7ae0dc8..66ac7912c2 100644
--- a/lib/tests/test_load_repo.rs
+++ b/lib/tests/test_load_repo.rs
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ fn test_load_at_operation() {
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let commit = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
     let repo = tx.commit("add commit").unwrap();
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ fn test_load_at_operation() {
         &test_repo.env.default_store_factories(),
     )
     .unwrap();
-    let head_repo = loader.load_at_head(&settings).unwrap();
+    let head_repo = loader.load_at_head().unwrap();
     assert!(!head_repo.view().heads().contains(commit.id()));
 
     // If we load the repo at the previous operation, we should see the commit since
diff --git a/lib/tests/test_local_working_copy.rs b/lib/tests/test_local_working_copy.rs
index 5d0bcf3105..e56501d035 100644
--- a/lib/tests/test_local_working_copy.rs
+++ b/lib/tests/test_local_working_copy.rs
@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@ use jj_lib::repo_path::RepoPath;
 use jj_lib::repo_path::RepoPathBuf;
 use jj_lib::repo_path::RepoPathComponent;
 use jj_lib::secret_backend::SecretBackend;
-use jj_lib::settings::UserSettings;
 use jj_lib::working_copy::CheckoutError;
 use jj_lib::working_copy::CheckoutOptions;
 use jj_lib::working_copy::CheckoutStats;
@@ -151,7 +150,6 @@ fn test_checkout_file_transitions(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
     }
 
     fn write_path(
-        settings: &UserSettings,
         repo: &Arc<ReadonlyRepo>,
         tree_builder: &mut MergedTreeBuilder,
         kind: Kind,
@@ -242,7 +240,7 @@ fn test_checkout_file_transitions(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
             }
             Kind::GitSubmodule => {
                 let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-                let id = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), settings).id().clone();
+                let id = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut()).id().clone();
                 tx.commit("test").unwrap();
                 Merge::normal(TreeValue::GitSubmodule(id))
             }
@@ -269,8 +267,8 @@ fn test_checkout_file_transitions(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
     for left_kind in &kinds {
         for right_kind in &kinds {
             let path = RepoPathBuf::from_internal_string(format!("{left_kind:?}_{right_kind:?}"));
-            write_path(&settings, repo, &mut left_tree_builder, *left_kind, &path);
-            write_path(&settings, repo, &mut right_tree_builder, *right_kind, &path);
+            write_path(repo, &mut left_tree_builder, *left_kind, &path);
+            write_path(repo, &mut right_tree_builder, *right_kind, &path);
             files.push((*left_kind, *right_kind, path.clone()));
         }
     }
@@ -1321,7 +1319,7 @@ fn test_git_submodule() {
         }),
     );
 
-    let submodule_id1 = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings).id().clone();
+    let submodule_id1 = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut()).id().clone();
 
     tree_builder.set_or_remove(
         submodule_path.to_owned(),
@@ -1332,7 +1330,7 @@ fn test_git_submodule() {
     let commit1 = commit_with_tree(repo.store(), tree_id1.clone());
 
     let mut tree_builder = MergedTreeBuilder::new(tree_id1.clone());
-    let submodule_id2 = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings).id().clone();
+    let submodule_id2 = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut()).id().clone();
     tree_builder.set_or_remove(
         submodule_path.to_owned(),
         Merge::normal(TreeValue::GitSubmodule(submodule_id2)),
diff --git a/lib/tests/test_merge_trees.rs b/lib/tests/test_merge_trees.rs
index ae5d61d30a..b65f8b09cc 100644
--- a/lib/tests/test_merge_trees.rs
+++ b/lib/tests/test_merge_trees.rs
@@ -542,7 +542,6 @@ fn test_simplify_conflict() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_simplify_conflict_after_resolving_parent() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -563,46 +562,30 @@ fn test_simplify_conflict_after_resolving_parent() {
     let tree_a = create_tree(repo, &[(path, "abc\ndef\nghi\n")]);
     let commit_a = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .new_commit(
-            &settings,
-            vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()],
-            tree_a.id(),
-        )
+        .new_commit(vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()], tree_a.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let tree_b = create_tree(repo, &[(path, "Abc\ndef\nghi\n")]);
     let commit_b = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![commit_a.id().clone()], tree_b.id())
+        .new_commit(vec![commit_a.id().clone()], tree_b.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let tree_c = create_tree(repo, &[(path, "Abc\ndef\nGhi\n")]);
     let commit_c = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![commit_b.id().clone()], tree_c.id())
+        .new_commit(vec![commit_b.id().clone()], tree_c.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let tree_d = create_tree(repo, &[(path, "abC\ndef\nghi\n")]);
     let commit_d = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![commit_a.id().clone()], tree_d.id())
+        .new_commit(vec![commit_a.id().clone()], tree_d.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
 
-    let commit_b2 = rebase_commit(
-        &settings,
-        tx.repo_mut(),
-        commit_b,
-        vec![commit_d.id().clone()],
-    )
-    .unwrap();
-    let commit_c2 = rebase_commit(
-        &settings,
-        tx.repo_mut(),
-        commit_c,
-        vec![commit_b2.id().clone()],
-    )
-    .unwrap();
+    let commit_b2 = rebase_commit(tx.repo_mut(), commit_b, vec![commit_d.id().clone()]).unwrap();
+    let commit_c2 = rebase_commit(tx.repo_mut(), commit_c, vec![commit_b2.id().clone()]).unwrap();
 
     // Test the setup: Both B and C should have conflicts.
     let tree_b2 = commit_b2.tree().unwrap();
@@ -614,18 +597,12 @@ fn test_simplify_conflict_after_resolving_parent() {
     let tree_b3 = create_tree(repo, &[(path, "AbC\ndef\nghi\n")]);
     let commit_b3 = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit_b2)
+        .rewrite_commit(&commit_b2)
         .set_tree_id(tree_b3.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit_c3 = rebase_commit(
-        &settings,
-        tx.repo_mut(),
-        commit_c2,
-        vec![commit_b3.id().clone()],
-    )
-    .unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    let commit_c3 = rebase_commit(tx.repo_mut(), commit_c2, vec![commit_b3.id().clone()]).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     // The conflict should now be resolved.
@@ -652,7 +629,6 @@ fn test_simplify_conflict_after_resolving_parent() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_on_lossy_merge() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -678,24 +654,19 @@ fn test_rebase_on_lossy_merge() {
     let tree_2 = create_tree(repo, &[(path, "2")]);
     let tree_3 = create_tree(repo, &[(path, "3")]);
     let commit_a = repo_mut
-        .new_commit(
-            &settings,
-            vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()],
-            tree_1.id(),
-        )
+        .new_commit(vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()], tree_1.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let commit_b = repo_mut
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![commit_a.id().clone()], tree_2.id())
+        .new_commit(vec![commit_a.id().clone()], tree_2.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let commit_c = repo_mut
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![commit_a.id().clone()], tree_2.id())
+        .new_commit(vec![commit_a.id().clone()], tree_2.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let commit_d = repo_mut
         .new_commit(
-            &settings,
             vec![commit_b.id().clone(), commit_c.id().clone()],
             tree_2.id(),
         )
@@ -703,11 +674,10 @@ fn test_rebase_on_lossy_merge() {
         .unwrap();
 
     let commit_c2 = repo_mut
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![commit_a.id().clone()], tree_3.id())
+        .new_commit(vec![commit_a.id().clone()], tree_3.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let commit_d2 = rebase_commit(
-        &settings,
         repo_mut,
         commit_d,
         vec![commit_b.id().clone(), commit_c2.id().clone()],
diff --git a/lib/tests/test_mut_repo.rs b/lib/tests/test_mut_repo.rs
index e869d18dbb..0bc0cdbd52 100644
--- a/lib/tests/test_mut_repo.rs
+++ b/lib/tests/test_mut_repo.rs
@@ -29,12 +29,11 @@ use testutils::TestRepo;
 #[test]
 fn test_edit() {
     // Test that MutableRepo::edit() uses the requested commit (not a new child)
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let wc_commit = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let wc_commit = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
@@ -47,19 +46,18 @@ fn test_edit() {
 #[test]
 fn test_checkout() {
     // Test that MutableRepo::check_out() creates a child
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let wc_commit_parent = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let wc_commit_parent = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let ws_id = WorkspaceId::default();
     let wc_commit = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .check_out(ws_id.clone(), &settings, &wc_commit_parent)
+        .check_out(ws_id.clone(), &wc_commit_parent)
         .unwrap();
     assert_eq!(wc_commit.tree_id(), wc_commit_parent.tree_id());
     assert_eq!(wc_commit.parent_ids().len(), 1);
@@ -72,22 +70,21 @@ fn test_checkout() {
 fn test_edit_previous_not_empty() {
     // Test that MutableRepo::edit() does not usually abandon the previous
     // commit.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let old_wc_commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let old_wc_commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     let ws_id = WorkspaceId::default();
     mut_repo.edit(ws_id.clone(), &old_wc_commit).unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let new_wc_commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let new_wc_commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     mut_repo.edit(ws_id, &new_wc_commit).unwrap();
-    mut_repo.rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    mut_repo.rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert!(mut_repo.view().heads().contains(old_wc_commit.id()));
 }
 
@@ -95,7 +92,6 @@ fn test_edit_previous_not_empty() {
 fn test_edit_previous_empty() {
     // Test that MutableRepo::edit() abandons the previous commit if it was
     // empty.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -103,7 +99,6 @@ fn test_edit_previous_empty() {
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
     let old_wc_commit = mut_repo
         .new_commit(
-            &settings,
             vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()],
             repo.store().empty_merged_tree_id(),
         )
@@ -115,9 +110,9 @@ fn test_edit_previous_empty() {
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let new_wc_commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let new_wc_commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     mut_repo.edit(ws_id, &new_wc_commit).unwrap();
-    mut_repo.rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    mut_repo.rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert!(!mut_repo.view().heads().contains(old_wc_commit.id()));
 }
 
@@ -125,14 +120,13 @@ fn test_edit_previous_empty() {
 fn test_edit_previous_empty_merge() {
     // Test that MutableRepo::edit() abandons the previous commit if it was
     // an empty merge commit.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let old_parent1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let old_parent2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let old_parent1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let old_parent2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     let empty_tree = repo.store().root_commit().tree().unwrap();
     let old_parent_tree = old_parent1
         .tree()
@@ -141,7 +135,6 @@ fn test_edit_previous_empty_merge() {
         .unwrap();
     let old_wc_commit = mut_repo
         .new_commit(
-            &settings,
             vec![old_parent1.id().clone(), old_parent2.id().clone()],
             repo.store().empty_merged_tree_id(),
         )
@@ -154,9 +147,9 @@ fn test_edit_previous_empty_merge() {
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let new_wc_commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let new_wc_commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     mut_repo.edit(ws_id, &new_wc_commit).unwrap();
-    mut_repo.rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    mut_repo.rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert!(!mut_repo.view().heads().contains(old_wc_commit.id()));
 }
 
@@ -164,7 +157,6 @@ fn test_edit_previous_empty_merge() {
 fn test_edit_previous_empty_with_description() {
     // Test that MutableRepo::edit() does not abandon the previous commit if it
     // has a non-empty description.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -172,7 +164,6 @@ fn test_edit_previous_empty_with_description() {
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
     let old_wc_commit = mut_repo
         .new_commit(
-            &settings,
             vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()],
             repo.store().empty_merged_tree_id(),
         )
@@ -185,9 +176,9 @@ fn test_edit_previous_empty_with_description() {
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let new_wc_commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let new_wc_commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     mut_repo.edit(ws_id, &new_wc_commit).unwrap();
-    mut_repo.rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    mut_repo.rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert!(mut_repo.view().heads().contains(old_wc_commit.id()));
 }
 
@@ -195,7 +186,6 @@ fn test_edit_previous_empty_with_description() {
 fn test_edit_previous_empty_with_local_bookmark() {
     // Test that MutableRepo::edit() does not abandon the previous commit if it
     // is pointed by local bookmark.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -203,7 +193,6 @@ fn test_edit_previous_empty_with_local_bookmark() {
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
     let old_wc_commit = mut_repo
         .new_commit(
-            &settings,
             vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()],
             repo.store().empty_merged_tree_id(),
         )
@@ -216,9 +205,9 @@ fn test_edit_previous_empty_with_local_bookmark() {
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let new_wc_commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let new_wc_commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     mut_repo.edit(ws_id, &new_wc_commit).unwrap();
-    mut_repo.rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    mut_repo.rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert!(mut_repo.view().heads().contains(old_wc_commit.id()));
 }
 
@@ -226,7 +215,6 @@ fn test_edit_previous_empty_with_local_bookmark() {
 fn test_edit_previous_empty_with_other_workspace() {
     // Test that MutableRepo::edit() does not abandon the previous commit if it
     // is pointed by another workspace
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -234,7 +222,6 @@ fn test_edit_previous_empty_with_other_workspace() {
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
     let old_wc_commit = mut_repo
         .new_commit(
-            &settings,
             vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()],
             repo.store().empty_merged_tree_id(),
         )
@@ -248,9 +235,9 @@ fn test_edit_previous_empty_with_other_workspace() {
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let new_wc_commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let new_wc_commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     mut_repo.edit(ws_id, &new_wc_commit).unwrap();
-    mut_repo.rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    mut_repo.rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert!(mut_repo.view().heads().contains(old_wc_commit.id()));
 }
 
@@ -258,7 +245,6 @@ fn test_edit_previous_empty_with_other_workspace() {
 fn test_edit_previous_empty_non_head() {
     // Test that MutableRepo::edit() does not abandon the previous commit if it
     // was empty and is not a head
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -266,7 +252,6 @@ fn test_edit_previous_empty_non_head() {
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
     let old_wc_commit = mut_repo
         .new_commit(
-            &settings,
             vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()],
             repo.store().empty_merged_tree_id(),
         )
@@ -274,7 +259,6 @@ fn test_edit_previous_empty_non_head() {
         .unwrap();
     let old_child = mut_repo
         .new_commit(
-            &settings,
             vec![old_wc_commit.id().clone()],
             old_wc_commit.tree_id().clone(),
         )
@@ -286,9 +270,9 @@ fn test_edit_previous_empty_non_head() {
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let new_wc_commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let new_wc_commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     mut_repo.edit(ws_id, &new_wc_commit).unwrap();
-    mut_repo.rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    mut_repo.rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert_eq!(
         *mut_repo.view().heads(),
         hashset! {old_child.id().clone(), new_wc_commit.id().clone()}
@@ -299,12 +283,11 @@ fn test_edit_previous_empty_non_head() {
 fn test_edit_initial() {
     // Test that MutableRepo::edit() can be used on the initial working-copy commit
     // in a workspace
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let wc_commit = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let wc_commit = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
@@ -323,12 +306,11 @@ fn test_edit_initial() {
 fn test_edit_hidden_commit() {
     // Test that MutableRepo::edit() edits a hidden commit and updates
     // the view head ids.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let wc_commit = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let wc_commit = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
 
     // Intentionally not doing tx.commit, so the commit id is not tracked
     // in the view head ids.
@@ -345,14 +327,13 @@ fn test_edit_hidden_commit() {
 fn test_add_head_success() {
     // Test that MutableRepo::add_head() adds the head, and that it's still there
     // after commit. It should also be indexed.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     // Create a commit outside of the repo by using a temporary transaction. Then
     // add that as a head.
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let new_commit = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let new_commit = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
     drop(tx);
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
@@ -371,12 +352,11 @@ fn test_add_head_success() {
 fn test_add_head_ancestor() {
     // Test that MutableRepo::add_head() does not add a head if it's an ancestor of
     // an existing head.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
     let commit3 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit2]);
@@ -393,23 +373,22 @@ fn test_add_head_ancestor() {
 fn test_add_head_not_immediate_child() {
     // Test that MutableRepo::add_head() can be used for adding a head that is not
     // an immediate child of a current head.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let initial = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let initial = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     // Create some commits outside of the repo by using a temporary transaction.
     // Then add one of them as a head.
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let rewritten = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let rewritten = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_change_id(initial.change_id().clone())
         .set_predecessors(vec![initial.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let child = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let child = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![rewritten.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -433,12 +412,11 @@ fn test_remove_head() {
     // Test that MutableRepo::remove_head() removes the head, and that it's still
     // removed after commit. It should remain in the index, since we otherwise would
     // have to reindex everything.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
     let commit3 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit2]);
@@ -470,7 +448,6 @@ fn test_has_changed() {
     // Test that MutableRepo::has_changed() reports changes iff the view has changed
     // (e.g. not after setting a bookmark to point to where it was already
     // pointing).
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
     let normal_remote_ref = |id: &CommitId| RemoteRef {
@@ -480,8 +457,8 @@ fn test_has_changed() {
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     mut_repo.remove_head(commit2.id());
     let ws_id = WorkspaceId::default();
     mut_repo
@@ -535,12 +512,11 @@ fn test_has_changed() {
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_simple() {
     // There are many additional tests of this functionality in `test_rewrite.rs`.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
     let commit3 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit2]);
@@ -550,13 +526,13 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_simple() {
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, mut_repo);
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(mut_repo);
     let commit6 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
     mut_repo.set_rewritten_commit(commit2.id().clone(), commit6.id().clone());
     mut_repo.record_abandoned_commit(commit4.id().clone());
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, Default::default())
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())
         .unwrap();
     // Commit 3 got rebased onto commit 2's replacement, i.e. commit 6
     assert_rebased_onto(tx.repo_mut(), &rebase_map, &commit3, &[commit6.id()]);
@@ -567,7 +543,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_simple() {
     // No more descendants to rebase if we try again.
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, Default::default())
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())
         .unwrap();
     assert_eq!(rebase_map.len(), 0);
 }
@@ -577,12 +553,11 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_divergent_rewrite() {
     // Test rebasing descendants when one commit was rewritten to several other
     // commits. There are many additional tests of this functionality in
     // `test_rewrite.rs`.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
     let _commit3 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit2]);
@@ -590,7 +565,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_divergent_rewrite() {
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, mut_repo);
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(mut_repo);
     let commit4 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
     let commit5 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
     mut_repo.set_divergent_rewrite(
@@ -601,19 +576,18 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_divergent_rewrite() {
     // commit 4 or commit 5
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, Default::default())
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())
         .unwrap();
     assert!(rebase_map.is_empty());
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rename_remote() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     let remote_ref = RemoteRef {
         target: RefTarget::normal(commit.id().clone()),
         state: RemoteRefState::Tracking, // doesn't matter
@@ -631,13 +605,12 @@ fn test_rename_remote() {
 fn test_remove_wc_commit_previous_not_discardable() {
     // Test that MutableRepo::remove_wc_commit() does not usually abandon the
     // previous commit.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let old_wc_commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let old_wc_commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     let ws_id = WorkspaceId::default();
     mut_repo.edit(ws_id.clone(), &old_wc_commit).unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
@@ -645,7 +618,7 @@ fn test_remove_wc_commit_previous_not_discardable() {
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
     mut_repo.remove_wc_commit(&ws_id).unwrap();
-    mut_repo.rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    mut_repo.rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert!(mut_repo.view().heads().contains(old_wc_commit.id()));
 }
 
@@ -653,7 +626,6 @@ fn test_remove_wc_commit_previous_not_discardable() {
 fn test_remove_wc_commit_previous_discardable() {
     // Test that MutableRepo::remove_wc_commit() abandons the previous commit
     // if it was discardable.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -661,7 +633,6 @@ fn test_remove_wc_commit_previous_discardable() {
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
     let old_wc_commit = mut_repo
         .new_commit(
-            &settings,
             vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()],
             repo.store().empty_merged_tree_id(),
         )
@@ -674,7 +645,7 @@ fn test_remove_wc_commit_previous_discardable() {
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
     mut_repo.remove_wc_commit(&ws_id).unwrap();
-    mut_repo.rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    mut_repo.rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert!(!mut_repo.view().heads().contains(old_wc_commit.id()));
 }
 
@@ -682,12 +653,11 @@ fn test_remove_wc_commit_previous_discardable() {
 fn test_reparent_descendants() {
     // Test that MutableRepo::reparent_descendants() reparents descendants of
     // rewritten commits without altering their content.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_child_a_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a, &commit_b]);
@@ -710,11 +680,11 @@ fn test_reparent_descendants() {
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
     mut_repo
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit_a)
+        .rewrite_commit(&commit_a)
         .set_tree_id(create_random_tree(&repo))
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let reparented = mut_repo.reparent_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    let reparented = mut_repo.reparent_descendants().unwrap();
     // "child_a_b", "grandchild_a_b" and "child_a" (3 commits) must have been
     // reparented.
     assert_eq!(reparented, 3);
diff --git a/lib/tests/test_operations.rs b/lib/tests/test_operations.rs
index e27843885d..10b876e191 100644
--- a/lib/tests/test_operations.rs
+++ b/lib/tests/test_operations.rs
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ fn list_dir(dir: &Path) -> Vec<String> {
 #[test]
 fn test_unpublished_operation() {
     // Test that the operation doesn't get published until that's requested.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -54,7 +53,7 @@ fn test_unpublished_operation() {
     assert_eq!(list_dir(&op_heads_dir), vec![repo.op_id().hex()]);
 
     let mut tx1 = repo.start_transaction();
-    write_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    write_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut());
     let unpublished_op = tx1.write("transaction 1");
     let op_id1 = unpublished_op.operation().id().clone();
     assert_ne!(op_id1, op_id0);
@@ -67,7 +66,6 @@ fn test_unpublished_operation() {
 fn test_consecutive_operations() {
     // Test that consecutive operations result in a single op-head on disk after
     // each operation
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -76,7 +74,7 @@ fn test_consecutive_operations() {
     assert_eq!(list_dir(&op_heads_dir), vec![repo.op_id().hex()]);
 
     let mut tx1 = repo.start_transaction();
-    write_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    write_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut());
     let op_id1 = tx1
         .commit("transaction 1")
         .unwrap()
@@ -86,9 +84,9 @@ fn test_consecutive_operations() {
     assert_ne!(op_id1, op_id0);
     assert_eq!(list_dir(&op_heads_dir), vec![op_id1.hex()]);
 
-    let repo = repo.reload_at_head(&settings).unwrap();
+    let repo = repo.reload_at_head().unwrap();
     let mut tx2 = repo.start_transaction();
-    write_random_commit(tx2.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    write_random_commit(tx2.repo_mut());
     let op_id2 = tx2
         .commit("transaction 2")
         .unwrap()
@@ -101,7 +99,7 @@ fn test_consecutive_operations() {
 
     // Reloading the repo makes no difference (there are no conflicting operations
     // to resolve).
-    let _repo = repo.reload_at_head(&settings).unwrap();
+    let _repo = repo.reload_at_head().unwrap();
     assert_eq!(list_dir(&op_heads_dir), vec![op_id2.hex()]);
 }
 
@@ -109,7 +107,6 @@ fn test_consecutive_operations() {
 fn test_concurrent_operations() {
     // Test that consecutive operations result in multiple op-heads on disk until
     // the repo has been reloaded (which currently happens right away).
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -118,7 +115,7 @@ fn test_concurrent_operations() {
     assert_eq!(list_dir(&op_heads_dir), vec![repo.op_id().hex()]);
 
     let mut tx1 = repo.start_transaction();
-    write_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    write_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut());
     let op_id1 = tx1
         .commit("transaction 1")
         .unwrap()
@@ -131,7 +128,7 @@ fn test_concurrent_operations() {
     // After both transactions have committed, we should have two op-heads on disk,
     // since they were run in parallel.
     let mut tx2 = repo.start_transaction();
-    write_random_commit(tx2.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    write_random_commit(tx2.repo_mut());
     let op_id2 = tx2
         .commit("transaction 2")
         .unwrap()
@@ -147,7 +144,7 @@ fn test_concurrent_operations() {
     assert_eq!(actual_heads_on_disk, expected_heads_on_disk);
 
     // Reloading the repo causes the operations to be merged
-    let repo = repo.reload_at_head(&settings).unwrap();
+    let repo = repo.reload_at_head().unwrap();
     let merged_op_id = repo.op_id().clone();
     assert_ne!(merged_op_id, op_id0);
     assert_ne!(merged_op_id, op_id1);
@@ -163,12 +160,11 @@ fn assert_heads(repo: &dyn Repo, expected: Vec<&CommitId>) {
 #[test]
 fn test_isolation() {
     // Test that two concurrent transactions don't see each other's changes.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let initial = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let initial = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -184,17 +180,17 @@ fn test_isolation() {
     assert_heads(mut_repo2, vec![initial.id()]);
 
     let rewrite1 = mut_repo1
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &initial)
+        .rewrite_commit(&initial)
         .set_description("rewrite1")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    mut_repo1.rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    mut_repo1.rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let rewrite2 = mut_repo2
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &initial)
+        .rewrite_commit(&initial)
         .set_description("rewrite2")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    mut_repo2.rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    mut_repo2.rebase_descendants().unwrap();
 
     // Neither transaction has committed yet, so each transaction sees its own
     // commit.
@@ -211,13 +207,12 @@ fn test_isolation() {
     tx2.commit("transaction 2").unwrap();
     assert_heads(repo.as_ref(), vec![initial.id()]);
     // After reload, the base repo sees both rewrites.
-    let repo = repo.reload_at_head(&settings).unwrap();
+    let repo = repo.reload_at_head().unwrap();
     assert_heads(repo.as_ref(), vec![rewrite1.id(), rewrite2.id()]);
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_reparent_range_linear() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo_0 = test_repo.repo;
     let loader = repo_0.loader();
@@ -238,7 +233,7 @@ fn test_reparent_range_linear() {
     // 0 (initial)
     let random_tx = |repo: &Arc<ReadonlyRepo>| {
         let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-        write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+        write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
         tx
     };
     let repo_a = random_tx(&repo_0).commit("op A").unwrap();
@@ -284,7 +279,6 @@ fn test_reparent_range_linear() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_reparent_range_branchy() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo_0 = test_repo.repo;
     let loader = repo_0.loader();
@@ -310,7 +304,7 @@ fn test_reparent_range_branchy() {
     // 0 (initial)
     let random_tx = |repo: &Arc<ReadonlyRepo>| {
         let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-        write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+        write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
         tx
     };
     let repo_a = random_tx(&repo_0).commit("op A").unwrap();
@@ -319,7 +313,7 @@ fn test_reparent_range_branchy() {
     let repo_d = random_tx(&repo_c).commit("op D").unwrap();
     let tx_e = random_tx(&repo_d);
     let tx_f = random_tx(&repo_c);
-    let repo_g = testutils::commit_transactions(&settings, vec![tx_e, tx_f]);
+    let repo_g = testutils::commit_transactions(vec![tx_e, tx_f]);
     let [op_e, op_f] = op_parents(repo_g.operation());
 
     // Reparent D..G (= E|F|G) onto B:
@@ -593,7 +587,7 @@ fn test_resolve_op_parents_children() {
     // Merge and fork
     let tx1 = repo.start_transaction();
     let tx2 = repo.start_transaction();
-    let repo = testutils::commit_transactions(&settings, vec![tx1, tx2]);
+    let repo = testutils::commit_transactions(vec![tx1, tx2]);
     let op5_id_hex = repo.operation().id().hex();
     assert_matches!(
         op_walk::resolve_op_with_repo(&repo, &format!("{op5_id_hex}-")),
@@ -632,7 +626,7 @@ fn test_gc() {
     let empty_tx = |repo: &Arc<ReadonlyRepo>| repo.start_transaction();
     let random_tx = |repo: &Arc<ReadonlyRepo>| {
         let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-        write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+        write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
         tx
     };
     let repo_a = random_tx(&repo_0).commit("op A").unwrap();
diff --git a/lib/tests/test_refs.rs b/lib/tests/test_refs.rs
index 07836e9e81..4f37435376 100644
--- a/lib/tests/test_refs.rs
+++ b/lib/tests/test_refs.rs
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ fn test_merge_ref_targets() {
     // |/
     // 1
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
     let commit3 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit2]);
diff --git a/lib/tests/test_revset.rs b/lib/tests/test_revset.rs
index 758db1aa5b..d30264a089 100644
--- a/lib/tests/test_revset.rs
+++ b/lib/tests/test_revset.rs
@@ -132,7 +132,6 @@ fn test_resolve_symbol_commit_id() {
     for i in &[1, 167, 895] {
         let commit = mut_repo
             .new_commit(
-                &settings,
                 vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()],
                 repo.store().empty_merged_tree_id(),
             )
@@ -371,25 +370,20 @@ fn test_resolve_symbol_change_id(readonly: bool) {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_resolve_symbol_in_different_disambiguation_context() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo0 = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo0.start_transaction();
-    let commit1 = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let commit1 = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
     // Create more commits that are likely to conflict with 1-char hex prefix.
     for _ in 0..50 {
-        write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+        write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
     }
     let repo1 = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let mut tx = repo1.start_transaction();
-    let commit2 = tx
-        .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit1)
-        .write()
-        .unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    let commit2 = tx.repo_mut().rewrite_commit(&commit1).write().unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo2 = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     // Set up disambiguation index which only contains the commit2.id().
@@ -432,15 +426,14 @@ fn test_resolve_symbol_in_different_disambiguation_context() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_resolve_working_copy() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
 
-    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
 
     let ws1 = WorkspaceId::new("ws1".to_string());
     let ws2 = WorkspaceId::new("ws2".to_string());
@@ -492,15 +485,14 @@ fn test_resolve_working_copy() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_resolve_working_copies() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
 
-    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
 
     // Add some workspaces
     let ws1 = WorkspaceId::new("ws1".to_string());
@@ -530,7 +522,6 @@ fn test_resolve_working_copies() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_resolve_symbol_bookmarks() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
     let new_remote_ref = |target| RemoteRef {
@@ -547,11 +538,11 @@ fn test_resolve_symbol_bookmarks() {
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
 
-    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit3 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit4 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit5 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit3 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit4 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit5 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
 
     mut_repo.set_local_bookmark_target("local", RefTarget::normal(commit1.id().clone()));
     mut_repo.set_remote_bookmark("remote", "origin", normal_tracking_remote_ref(commit2.id()));
@@ -763,16 +754,15 @@ fn test_resolve_symbol_bookmarks() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_resolve_symbol_tags() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
 
-    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit3 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit3 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
 
     mut_repo.set_tag_target("tag-bookmark", RefTarget::normal(commit1.id().clone()));
     mut_repo.set_local_bookmark_target("tag-bookmark", RefTarget::normal(commit2.id().clone()));
@@ -811,7 +801,6 @@ fn test_resolve_symbol_tags() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_resolve_symbol_git_refs() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -819,11 +808,11 @@ fn test_resolve_symbol_git_refs() {
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
 
     // Create some commits and refs to work with and so the repo is not empty
-    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit3 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit4 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit5 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit3 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit4 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit5 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     mut_repo.set_git_ref_target(
         "refs/heads/bookmark1",
         RefTarget::normal(commit1.id().clone()),
@@ -989,7 +978,7 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_root_and_checkout() {
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
 
     let root_commit = repo.store().root_commit();
-    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
 
     // Can find the root commit
     assert_eq!(
@@ -1021,14 +1010,13 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_root_and_checkout() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_heads() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let root_commit = repo.store().root_commit();
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, mut_repo);
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(mut_repo);
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
     let commit3 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit2]);
@@ -1086,14 +1074,13 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_heads() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_roots() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let root_commit = repo.store().root_commit();
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, mut_repo);
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(mut_repo);
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
     let commit3 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit2]);
@@ -1148,7 +1135,7 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_parents() {
     let root_commit = repo.store().root_commit();
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, mut_repo);
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(mut_repo);
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
     let commit3 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
@@ -1214,31 +1201,30 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_parents() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_children() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
 
-    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit2 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit2 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit1.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit3 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit3 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit2.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit4 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit4 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit1.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit5 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit5 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit3.id().clone(), commit4.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit6 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit6 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit5.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -1294,14 +1280,13 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_children() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_ancestors() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let root_commit = repo.store().root_commit();
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, mut_repo);
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(mut_repo);
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
     let commit3 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit2]);
@@ -1381,13 +1366,12 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_ancestors() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_range() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, mut_repo);
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(mut_repo);
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
     let commit3 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit2]);
@@ -1456,14 +1440,13 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_range() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_dag_range() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let root_commit_id = repo.store().root_commit_id().clone();
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, mut_repo);
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(mut_repo);
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
     let commit3 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit2]);
@@ -1549,14 +1532,13 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_dag_range() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_connected() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let root_commit_id = repo.store().root_commit_id().clone();
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, mut_repo);
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(mut_repo);
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
     let commit3 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit2]);
@@ -1621,7 +1603,6 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_connected() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_reachable() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -1630,37 +1611,37 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_reachable() {
 
     // Construct 3 separate subgraphs off the root commit.
     // 1 is a chain, 2 is a merge, 3 is a pyramidal monstrosity
-    let graph1commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let graph1commit2 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let graph1commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let graph1commit2 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![graph1commit1.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let graph1commit3 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let graph1commit3 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![graph1commit2.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let graph2commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let graph2commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let graph2commit3 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let graph2commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let graph2commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let graph2commit3 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![graph2commit1.id().clone(), graph2commit2.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let graph3commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let graph3commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let graph3commit3 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let graph3commit4 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let graph3commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let graph3commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let graph3commit3 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let graph3commit4 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![graph3commit1.id().clone(), graph3commit2.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let graph3commit5 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let graph3commit5 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![graph3commit2.id().clone(), graph3commit3.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let graph3commit6 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let graph3commit6 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![graph3commit3.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let graph3commit7 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let graph3commit7 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![graph3commit4.id().clone(), graph3commit5.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -1779,7 +1760,6 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_reachable() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_descendants() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -1787,24 +1767,24 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_descendants() {
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
 
     let root_commit_id = repo.store().root_commit_id().clone();
-    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit2 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit2 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit1.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit3 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit3 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit2.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit4 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit4 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit1.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit5 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit5 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit3.id().clone(), commit4.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit6 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit6 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit5.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -1907,14 +1887,13 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_none() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_all() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
     let root_commit_id = repo.store().root_commit_id().clone();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, mut_repo);
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(mut_repo);
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
     let commit3 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
@@ -1934,13 +1913,12 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_all() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_visible_heads() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, mut_repo);
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(mut_repo);
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
     let commit3 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
@@ -1953,17 +1931,16 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_visible_heads() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_git_refs() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
 
-    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit3 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit4 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit3 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit4 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
 
     // Can get git refs when there are none
     assert_eq!(resolve_commit_ids(mut_repo, "git_refs()"), vec![]);
@@ -2012,14 +1989,13 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_git_refs() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_git_head() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
 
-    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
 
     // Can get git head when it's not set
     assert_eq!(resolve_commit_ids(mut_repo, "git_head()"), vec![]);
@@ -2032,17 +2008,16 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_git_head() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_bookmarks() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
 
-    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit3 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit4 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit3 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit4 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
 
     // Can get bookmarks when there are none
     assert_eq!(resolve_commit_ids(mut_repo, "bookmarks()"), vec![]);
@@ -2123,7 +2098,6 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_bookmarks() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_remote_bookmarks() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
     let tracking_remote_ref = |target| RemoteRef {
@@ -2136,11 +2110,11 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_remote_bookmarks() {
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
 
-    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit3 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit4 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit_git_remote = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit3 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit4 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit_git_remote = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
 
     // Can get bookmarks when there are none
     assert_eq!(resolve_commit_ids(mut_repo, "remote_bookmarks()"), vec![]);
@@ -2305,17 +2279,16 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_remote_bookmarks() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_tags() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
 
-    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit3 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit4 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let commit1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit3 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit4 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
 
     // Can get tags when there are none
     assert_eq!(resolve_commit_ids(mut_repo, "tags()"), vec![]);
@@ -2390,7 +2363,6 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_tags() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_latest() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -2398,7 +2370,7 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_latest() {
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
 
     let mut write_commit_with_committer_timestamp = |sec: i64| {
-        let builder = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+        let builder = create_random_commit(mut_repo);
         let mut committer = builder.committer().clone();
         committer.timestamp.timestamp = MillisSinceEpoch(sec * 1000);
         builder.set_committer(committer).write().unwrap()
@@ -2473,7 +2445,6 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_latest() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_fork_point() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -2487,7 +2458,7 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_fork_point() {
     // 0
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, mut_repo);
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(mut_repo);
     let root_commit = repo.store().root_commit();
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
@@ -2597,7 +2568,6 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_fork_point() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_fork_point_criss_cross() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -2608,7 +2578,7 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_fork_point_criss_cross() {
     // 0
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, mut_repo);
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(mut_repo);
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit3 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1, &commit2]);
@@ -2625,7 +2595,6 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_fork_point_criss_cross() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_fork_point_merge_with_ancestor() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -2636,7 +2605,7 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_fork_point_merge_with_ancestor() {
     //   0
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, mut_repo);
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(mut_repo);
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit3 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
@@ -2654,13 +2623,12 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_fork_point_merge_with_ancestor() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_merges() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, mut_repo);
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(mut_repo);
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit3 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
@@ -2681,23 +2649,22 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_merges() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_description() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
 
-    let commit1 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit1 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_description("commit 1")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit2 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit2 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit1.id().clone()])
         .set_description("commit 2")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit3 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit3 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit2.id().clone()])
         .set_description("commit 3")
         .write()
@@ -2726,7 +2693,6 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_description() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_author() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -2737,7 +2703,7 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_author() {
         timestamp: MillisSinceEpoch(0),
         tz_offset: 0,
     };
-    let commit1 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit1 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_author(Signature {
             name: "name1".to_string(),
             email: "email1".to_string(),
@@ -2745,7 +2711,7 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_author() {
         })
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit2 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit2 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit1.id().clone()])
         .set_author(Signature {
             name: "name2".to_string(),
@@ -2754,7 +2720,7 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_author() {
         })
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit3 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit3 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit2.id().clone()])
         .set_author(Signature {
             name: "name3".to_string(),
@@ -2812,7 +2778,6 @@ fn parse_timestamp(s: &str) -> Timestamp {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_author_date() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -2824,7 +2789,7 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_author_date() {
     let timestamp3 = parse_timestamp("2023-03-25T13:30:00Z");
 
     let root_commit = repo.store().root_commit();
-    let commit1 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit1 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_author(Signature {
             name: "name1".to_string(),
             email: "email1".to_string(),
@@ -2837,7 +2802,7 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_author_date() {
         })
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit2 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit2 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit1.id().clone()])
         .set_author(Signature {
             name: "name2".to_string(),
@@ -2851,7 +2816,7 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_author_date() {
         })
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit3 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit3 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit2.id().clone()])
         .set_author(Signature {
             name: "name3".to_string(),
@@ -2879,7 +2844,6 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_author_date() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_committer_date() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -2891,7 +2855,7 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_committer_date() {
     let timestamp3 = parse_timestamp("2023-03-25T13:30:00Z");
 
     let root_commit = repo.store().root_commit();
-    let commit1 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit1 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_author(Signature {
             name: "name1".to_string(),
             email: "email1".to_string(),
@@ -2904,7 +2868,7 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_committer_date() {
         })
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit2 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit2 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit1.id().clone()])
         .set_author(Signature {
             name: "name2".to_string(),
@@ -2918,7 +2882,7 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_committer_date() {
         })
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit3 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit3 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit2.id().clone()])
         .set_author(Signature {
             name: "name3".to_string(),
@@ -2947,7 +2911,7 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_committer_date() {
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_mine() {
     let settings = testutils::user_settings();
-    let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
+    let test_repo = TestRepo::init_with_settings(&settings);
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
@@ -2957,7 +2921,7 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_mine() {
         timestamp: MillisSinceEpoch(0),
         tz_offset: 0,
     };
-    let commit1 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit1 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_author(Signature {
             name: "name1".to_string(),
             email: "email1".to_string(),
@@ -2965,7 +2929,7 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_mine() {
         })
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit2 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit2 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit1.id().clone()])
         .set_author(Signature {
             name: "name2".to_string(),
@@ -2979,7 +2943,7 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_mine() {
         resolve_commit_ids(mut_repo, "mine()"),
         vec![commit2.id().clone()]
     );
-    let commit3 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit3 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit2.id().clone()])
         .set_author(Signature {
             name: "name3".to_string(),
@@ -3012,7 +2976,6 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_mine() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_committer() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -3023,7 +2986,7 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_committer() {
         timestamp: MillisSinceEpoch(0),
         tz_offset: 0,
     };
-    let commit1 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit1 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_committer(Signature {
             name: "name1".to_string(),
             email: "email1".to_string(),
@@ -3031,7 +2994,7 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_committer() {
         })
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit2 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit2 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit1.id().clone()])
         .set_committer(Signature {
             name: "name2".to_string(),
@@ -3040,7 +3003,7 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_committer() {
         })
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit3 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit3 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit2.id().clone()])
         .set_committer(Signature {
             name: "name3".to_string(),
@@ -3086,17 +3049,16 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_committer() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_at_operation() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo0 = &test_repo.repo;
     let root_commit = repo0.store().root_commit();
 
     let mut tx = repo0.start_transaction();
-    let commit1_op1 = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit1_op1 = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_description("commit1@op1")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit2_op1 = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit2_op1 = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_description("commit2@op1")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -3107,19 +3069,19 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_at_operation() {
     let mut tx = repo1.start_transaction();
     let commit1_op2 = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit1_op1)
+        .rewrite_commit(&commit1_op1)
         .set_description("commit1@op2")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit3_op2 = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit3_op2 = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_description("commit3@op2")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo2 = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let mut tx = repo2.start_transaction();
-    let _commit4_op3 = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let _commit4_op3 = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_description("commit4@op3")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -3220,14 +3182,13 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_at_operation() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_coalesce() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
     let root_commit_id = repo.store().root_commit_id().clone();
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, mut_repo);
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(mut_repo);
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
     mut_repo.set_local_bookmark_target("commit1", RefTarget::normal(commit1.id().clone()));
@@ -3298,14 +3259,13 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_coalesce() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_union() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let root_commit = repo.store().root_commit();
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, mut_repo);
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(mut_repo);
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
     let commit3 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit2]);
@@ -3370,13 +3330,12 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_union() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_machine_generated_union() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, mut_repo);
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(mut_repo);
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
 
@@ -3393,14 +3352,13 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_machine_generated_union() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_intersection() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let root_commit = repo.store().root_commit();
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, mut_repo);
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(mut_repo);
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
     let commit3 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit2]);
@@ -3429,14 +3387,13 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_intersection() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_difference() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let root_commit = repo.store().root_commit();
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, mut_repo);
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(mut_repo);
     let commit1 = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit2 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit1]);
     let commit3 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit2]);
@@ -3510,7 +3467,6 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_difference() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_evaluate_expression_filter_combinator() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -3518,16 +3474,16 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_filter_combinator() {
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
 
     let root_commit_id = repo.store().root_commit_id();
-    let commit1 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit1 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_description("commit 1")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit2 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit2 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit1.id().clone()])
         .set_description("commit 2")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit3 = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+    let commit3 = create_random_commit(mut_repo)
         .set_parents(vec![commit2.id().clone()])
         .set_description("commit 3")
         .write()
@@ -3605,23 +3561,19 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_file() {
         ],
     );
     let commit1 = mut_repo
-        .new_commit(
-            &settings,
-            vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()],
-            tree1.id(),
-        )
+        .new_commit(vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()], tree1.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let commit2 = mut_repo
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![commit1.id().clone()], tree2.id())
+        .new_commit(vec![commit1.id().clone()], tree2.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let commit3 = mut_repo
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![commit2.id().clone()], tree3.id())
+        .new_commit(vec![commit2.id().clone()], tree3.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let commit4 = mut_repo
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![commit3.id().clone()], tree3.id())
+        .new_commit(vec![commit3.id().clone()], tree3.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
 
@@ -3737,23 +3689,19 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_diff_contains() {
         ],
     );
     let commit1 = mut_repo
-        .new_commit(
-            &settings,
-            vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()],
-            tree1.id(),
-        )
+        .new_commit(vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()], tree1.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let commit2 = mut_repo
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![commit1.id().clone()], tree2.id())
+        .new_commit(vec![commit1.id().clone()], tree2.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let commit3 = mut_repo
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![commit2.id().clone()], tree3.id())
+        .new_commit(vec![commit2.id().clone()], tree3.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let commit4 = mut_repo
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![commit3.id().clone()], tree4.id())
+        .new_commit(vec![commit3.id().clone()], tree4.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
 
@@ -3847,12 +3795,8 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_file_merged_parents() {
     let tree3 = create_tree(repo, &[(file_path1, "1\n3\n"), (file_path2, "1\n3\n")]);
     let tree4 = create_tree(repo, &[(file_path1, "1\n4\n"), (file_path2, "2\n1\n3\n")]);
 
-    let mut create_commit = |parent_ids, tree_id| {
-        mut_repo
-            .new_commit(&settings, parent_ids, tree_id)
-            .write()
-            .unwrap()
-    };
+    let mut create_commit =
+        |parent_ids, tree_id| mut_repo.new_commit(parent_ids, tree_id).write().unwrap();
     let commit1 = create_commit(vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()], tree1.id());
     let commit2 = create_commit(vec![commit1.id().clone()], tree2.id());
     let commit3 = create_commit(vec![commit1.id().clone()], tree3.id());
@@ -3921,12 +3865,8 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_conflict() {
     let tree3 = create_tree(repo, &[(file_path1, "3"), (file_path2, "1")]);
     let tree4 = tree2.merge(&tree1, &tree3).unwrap();
 
-    let mut create_commit = |parent_ids, tree_id| {
-        mut_repo
-            .new_commit(&settings, parent_ids, tree_id)
-            .write()
-            .unwrap()
-    };
+    let mut create_commit =
+        |parent_ids, tree_id| mut_repo.new_commit(parent_ids, tree_id).write().unwrap();
     let commit1 = create_commit(vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()], tree1.id());
     let commit2 = create_commit(vec![commit1.id().clone()], tree2.id());
     let commit3 = create_commit(vec![commit2.id().clone()], tree3.id());
@@ -3941,7 +3881,6 @@ fn test_evaluate_expression_conflict() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_reverse_graph() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -3962,7 +3901,7 @@ fn test_reverse_graph() {
     //  |
     // root
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_b]);
@@ -4000,13 +3939,12 @@ fn test_reverse_graph() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_no_such_revision_suggestion() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let commit = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
 
     for bookmark_name in ["foo", "bar", "baz"] {
         mut_repo.set_local_bookmark_target(bookmark_name, RefTarget::normal(commit.id().clone()));
@@ -4022,16 +3960,15 @@ fn test_no_such_revision_suggestion() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_revset_containing_fn() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let commit_a = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit_b = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit_c = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let commit_d = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let commit_a = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit_b = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit_c = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let commit_d = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let revset = revset_for_commits(repo.as_ref(), &[&commit_b, &commit_d]);
diff --git a/lib/tests/test_rewrite.rs b/lib/tests/test_rewrite.rs
index 1c67465bdb..be8c50017f 100644
--- a/lib/tests/test_rewrite.rs
+++ b/lib/tests/test_rewrite.rs
@@ -75,7 +75,6 @@ fn test_restore_tree() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_sideways() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -89,7 +88,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_sideways() {
     // |/
     // A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_b]);
@@ -101,7 +100,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_sideways() {
         .set_rewritten_commit(commit_b.id().clone(), commit_f.id().clone());
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, Default::default())
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())
         .unwrap();
     assert_eq!(rebase_map.len(), 3);
     let new_commit_c = assert_rebased_onto(tx.repo_mut(), &rebase_map, &commit_c, &[commit_f.id()]);
@@ -120,7 +119,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_sideways() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_forward() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -142,7 +140,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_forward() {
     // B
     // A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_b]);
@@ -155,7 +153,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_forward() {
         .set_rewritten_commit(commit_b.id().clone(), commit_f.id().clone());
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, Default::default())
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())
         .unwrap();
     let new_commit_d =
         assert_rebased_onto(tx.repo_mut(), &rebase_map, &commit_d, &[(commit_f.id())]);
@@ -181,7 +179,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_forward() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_reorder() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -197,7 +194,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_reorder() {
     // B
     // A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_b]);
@@ -216,7 +213,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_reorder() {
         .set_rewritten_commit(commit_g.id().clone(), commit_h.id().clone());
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, Default::default())
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())
         .unwrap();
     let new_commit_i = assert_rebased_onto(tx.repo_mut(), &rebase_map, &commit_i, &[commit_h.id()]);
     assert_eq!(rebase_map.len(), 1);
@@ -231,7 +228,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_reorder() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_backward() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -242,7 +238,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_backward() {
     // B
     // A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_b]);
@@ -252,7 +248,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_backward() {
         .set_rewritten_commit(commit_c.id().clone(), commit_b.id().clone());
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, Default::default())
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())
         .unwrap();
     let new_commit_d = assert_rebased_onto(tx.repo_mut(), &rebase_map, &commit_d, &[commit_b.id()]);
     assert_eq!(rebase_map.len(), 1);
@@ -265,7 +261,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_backward() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_chain_becomes_branchy() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -280,7 +275,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_chain_becomes_branchy() {
     // |/
     // A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_b]);
@@ -294,7 +289,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_chain_becomes_branchy() {
         .set_rewritten_commit(commit_c.id().clone(), commit_f.id().clone());
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, Default::default())
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())
         .unwrap();
     let new_commit_f = assert_rebased_onto(tx.repo_mut(), &rebase_map, &commit_f, &[commit_e.id()]);
     let new_commit_d =
@@ -311,7 +306,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_chain_becomes_branchy() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_internal_merge() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -326,7 +320,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_internal_merge() {
     // |/
     // A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_b]);
@@ -338,7 +332,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_internal_merge() {
         .set_rewritten_commit(commit_b.id().clone(), commit_f.id().clone());
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, Default::default())
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())
         .unwrap();
     let new_commit_c = assert_rebased_onto(tx.repo_mut(), &rebase_map, &commit_c, &[commit_f.id()]);
     let new_commit_d = assert_rebased_onto(tx.repo_mut(), &rebase_map, &commit_d, &[commit_f.id()]);
@@ -358,7 +352,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_internal_merge() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_external_merge() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -374,7 +367,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_external_merge() {
     // |/
     // A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_b]);
@@ -386,7 +379,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_external_merge() {
         .set_rewritten_commit(commit_c.id().clone(), commit_f.id().clone());
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, Default::default())
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())
         .unwrap();
     let new_commit_e = assert_rebased_onto(
         tx.repo_mut(),
@@ -404,7 +397,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_external_merge() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -418,7 +410,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon() {
     // B
     // A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_b]);
@@ -430,7 +422,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon() {
     tx.repo_mut().record_abandoned_commit(commit_e.id().clone());
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, Default::default())
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())
         .unwrap();
     let new_commit_c = assert_rebased_onto(tx.repo_mut(), &rebase_map, &commit_c, &[commit_a.id()]);
     let new_commit_d = assert_rebased_onto(tx.repo_mut(), &rebase_map, &commit_d, &[commit_a.id()]);
@@ -449,7 +441,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon_no_descendants() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -459,7 +450,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon_no_descendants() {
     // B
     // A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_b]);
@@ -468,7 +459,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon_no_descendants() {
     tx.repo_mut().record_abandoned_commit(commit_c.id().clone());
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, Default::default())
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())
         .unwrap();
     assert_eq!(rebase_map.len(), 0);
 
@@ -482,7 +473,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon_no_descendants() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon_and_replace() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -495,7 +485,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon_and_replace() {
     // |/
     // A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_b]);
@@ -507,7 +497,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon_and_replace() {
     tx.repo_mut().record_abandoned_commit(commit_c.id().clone());
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, Default::default())
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())
         .unwrap();
     let new_commit_d = assert_rebased_onto(tx.repo_mut(), &rebase_map, &commit_d, &[commit_e.id()]);
     assert_eq!(rebase_map.len(), 1);
@@ -520,7 +510,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon_and_replace() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon_degenerate_merge_simplify() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -533,7 +522,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon_degenerate_merge_simplify() {
     // |/
     // A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
@@ -542,13 +531,10 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon_degenerate_merge_simplify() {
     tx.repo_mut().record_abandoned_commit(commit_b.id().clone());
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(
-            &settings,
-            RebaseOptions {
-                simplify_ancestor_merge: true,
-                ..Default::default()
-            },
-        )
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(RebaseOptions {
+            simplify_ancestor_merge: true,
+            ..Default::default()
+        })
         .unwrap();
     let new_commit_d = assert_rebased_onto(tx.repo_mut(), &rebase_map, &commit_d, &[commit_c.id()]);
     assert_eq!(rebase_map.len(), 1);
@@ -561,7 +547,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon_degenerate_merge_simplify() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon_degenerate_merge_preserve() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -574,7 +559,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon_degenerate_merge_preserve() {
     // |/
     // A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
@@ -583,13 +568,10 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon_degenerate_merge_preserve() {
     tx.repo_mut().record_abandoned_commit(commit_b.id().clone());
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(
-            &settings,
-            RebaseOptions {
-                simplify_ancestor_merge: false,
-                ..Default::default()
-            },
-        )
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(RebaseOptions {
+            simplify_ancestor_merge: false,
+            ..Default::default()
+        })
         .unwrap();
     let new_commit_d = assert_rebased_onto(
         tx.repo_mut(),
@@ -607,7 +589,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon_degenerate_merge_preserve() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon_widen_merge() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -622,7 +603,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon_widen_merge() {
     //  \|/
     //   A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
@@ -633,7 +614,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon_widen_merge() {
     tx.repo_mut().record_abandoned_commit(commit_e.id().clone());
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, Default::default())
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())
         .unwrap();
     let new_commit_f = assert_rebased_onto(
         tx.repo_mut(),
@@ -651,7 +632,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_abandon_widen_merge() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_multiple_sideways() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -664,7 +644,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_multiple_sideways() {
     // |/
     // A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_b]);
@@ -678,7 +658,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_multiple_sideways() {
         .set_rewritten_commit(commit_d.id().clone(), commit_f.id().clone());
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, Default::default())
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())
         .unwrap();
     let new_commit_c = assert_rebased_onto(tx.repo_mut(), &rebase_map, &commit_c, &[commit_f.id()]);
     let new_commit_e = assert_rebased_onto(tx.repo_mut(), &rebase_map, &commit_e, &[commit_f.id()]);
@@ -696,7 +676,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_multiple_sideways() {
 #[test]
 #[should_panic(expected = "cycle")]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_multiple_swap() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -708,7 +687,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_multiple_swap() {
     // |/
     // A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let _commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_b]);
@@ -719,14 +698,12 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_multiple_swap() {
         .set_rewritten_commit(commit_b.id().clone(), commit_d.id().clone());
     tx.repo_mut()
         .set_rewritten_commit(commit_d.id().clone(), commit_b.id().clone());
-    let _ = tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings); // Panics because of
-                                                         // the cycle
+    let _ = tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(); // Panics because of the cycle
 }
 
 #[test]
 #[should_panic(expected = "cycle")]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_multiple_no_descendants() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -736,7 +713,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_multiple_no_descendants() {
     // |/
     // A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
@@ -745,13 +722,11 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_multiple_no_descendants() {
         .set_rewritten_commit(commit_b.id().clone(), commit_c.id().clone());
     tx.repo_mut()
         .set_rewritten_commit(commit_c.id().clone(), commit_b.id().clone());
-    let _ = tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings); // Panics because of
-                                                         // the cycle
+    let _ = tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(); // Panics because of the cycle
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_divergent_rewrite() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -776,7 +751,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_divergent_rewrite() {
     // |/
     // A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_b]);
@@ -800,7 +775,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_divergent_rewrite() {
         .set_rewritten_commit(commit_f.id().clone(), commit_f2.id().clone());
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, Default::default())
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())
         .unwrap();
     let new_commit_c =
         assert_rebased_onto(tx.repo_mut(), &rebase_map, &commit_c, &[commit_b2.id()]);
@@ -822,7 +797,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_divergent_rewrite() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_repeated() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -838,20 +812,20 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_repeated() {
     // |/
     // A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_b]);
 
     let commit_b2 = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit_b)
+        .rewrite_commit(&commit_b)
         .set_description("b2")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, Default::default())
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())
         .unwrap();
     let commit_c2 = assert_rebased_onto(tx.repo_mut(), &rebase_map, &commit_c, &[commit_b2.id()]);
     assert_eq!(rebase_map.len(), 1);
@@ -866,20 +840,20 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_repeated() {
     // We made no more changes, so nothing should be rebased.
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, Default::default())
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())
         .unwrap();
     assert_eq!(rebase_map.len(), 0);
 
     // Now mark B3 as rewritten from B2 and rebase descendants again.
     let commit_b3 = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit_b2)
+        .rewrite_commit(&commit_b2)
         .set_description("b3")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, Default::default())
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())
         .unwrap();
     let commit_c3 = assert_rebased_onto(tx.repo_mut(), &rebase_map, &commit_c2, &[commit_b3.id()]);
     assert_eq!(rebase_map.len(), 1);
@@ -895,7 +869,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_repeated() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_contents() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -912,32 +885,28 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_contents() {
     let tree1 = create_tree(repo, &[(path1, "content")]);
     let commit_a = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .new_commit(
-            &settings,
-            vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()],
-            tree1.id(),
-        )
+        .new_commit(vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()], tree1.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let path2 = RepoPath::from_internal_string("file2");
     let tree2 = create_tree(repo, &[(path2, "content")]);
     let commit_b = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![commit_a.id().clone()], tree2.id())
+        .new_commit(vec![commit_a.id().clone()], tree2.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let path3 = RepoPath::from_internal_string("file3");
     let tree3 = create_tree(repo, &[(path3, "content")]);
     let commit_c = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![commit_b.id().clone()], tree3.id())
+        .new_commit(vec![commit_b.id().clone()], tree3.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let path4 = RepoPath::from_internal_string("file4");
     let tree4 = create_tree(repo, &[(path4, "content")]);
     let commit_d = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![commit_a.id().clone()], tree4.id())
+        .new_commit(vec![commit_a.id().clone()], tree4.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
 
@@ -945,7 +914,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_contents() {
         .set_rewritten_commit(commit_b.id().clone(), commit_d.id().clone());
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, Default::default())
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(Default::default())
         .unwrap();
     assert_eq!(rebase_map.len(), 1);
     let new_commit_c = repo
@@ -973,7 +942,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_contents() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_basic_bookmark_update() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -984,7 +952,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_basic_bookmark_update() {
     // |         =>   |
     // A              A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     tx.repo_mut()
@@ -992,12 +960,8 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_basic_bookmark_update() {
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit_b2 = tx
-        .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit_b)
-        .write()
-        .unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    let commit_b2 = tx.repo_mut().rewrite_commit(&commit_b).write().unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert_eq!(
         tx.repo_mut().get_local_bookmark("main"),
         RefTarget::normal(commit_b2.id().clone())
@@ -1011,7 +975,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_basic_bookmark_update() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_bookmark_move_two_steps() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -1026,7 +989,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_bookmark_move_two_steps() {
     // |/             |
     // A              A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_b]);
@@ -1037,17 +1000,17 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_bookmark_move_two_steps() {
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let commit_b2 = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit_b)
+        .rewrite_commit(&commit_b)
         .set_description("different")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let commit_c2 = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit_c)
+        .rewrite_commit(&commit_c)
         .set_description("more different")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let heads = tx.repo_mut().view().heads();
     assert_eq!(heads.len(), 1);
     let c3_id = heads.iter().next().unwrap().clone();
@@ -1062,7 +1025,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_bookmark_move_two_steps() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_basic_bookmark_update_with_non_local_bookmark() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -1075,7 +1037,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_basic_bookmark_update_with_non_local_bookmark() {
     // |                         =>   |/
     // A                              A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_b_remote_ref = RemoteRef {
@@ -1091,12 +1053,8 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_basic_bookmark_update_with_non_local_bookmark() {
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit_b2 = tx
-        .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit_b)
-        .write()
-        .unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    let commit_b2 = tx.repo_mut().rewrite_commit(&commit_b).write().unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert_eq!(
         tx.repo_mut().get_local_bookmark("main"),
         RefTarget::normal(commit_b2.id().clone())
@@ -1121,7 +1079,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_basic_bookmark_update_with_non_local_bookmark() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_update_bookmark_after_abandon() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -1132,7 +1089,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_update_bookmark_after_abandon() {
     // |          =>   A main
     // A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     tx.repo_mut()
@@ -1141,7 +1098,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_update_bookmark_after_abandon() {
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     tx.repo_mut().record_abandoned_commit(commit_b.id().clone());
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert_eq!(
         tx.repo_mut().get_local_bookmark("main"),
         RefTarget::normal(commit_a.id().clone())
@@ -1155,7 +1112,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_update_bookmark_after_abandon() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_update_bookmarks_after_divergent_rewrite() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -1171,7 +1127,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_update_bookmarks_after_divergent_rewrite() {
     // |         =>   |/           =>   |/
     // A              A                 A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_b]);
@@ -1182,22 +1138,18 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_update_bookmarks_after_divergent_rewrite() {
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit_b2 = tx
-        .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit_b)
-        .write()
-        .unwrap();
+    let commit_b2 = tx.repo_mut().rewrite_commit(&commit_b).write().unwrap();
     // Different description so they're not the same commit
     let commit_b3 = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit_b)
+        .rewrite_commit(&commit_b)
         .set_description("different")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     // Different description so they're not the same commit
     let commit_b4 = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit_b)
+        .rewrite_commit(&commit_b)
         .set_description("more different")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -1209,14 +1161,10 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_update_bookmarks_after_divergent_rewrite() {
             commit_b4.id().clone(),
         ],
     );
-    let commit_b41 = tx
-        .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit_b4)
-        .write()
-        .unwrap();
+    let commit_b41 = tx.repo_mut().rewrite_commit(&commit_b4).write().unwrap();
     let commit_b42 = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit_b4)
+        .rewrite_commit(&commit_b4)
         .set_description("different")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -1224,7 +1172,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_update_bookmarks_after_divergent_rewrite() {
         commit_b4.id().clone(),
         vec![commit_b41.id().clone(), commit_b42.id().clone()],
     );
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
 
     let main_target = tx.repo_mut().get_local_bookmark("main");
     assert!(main_target.has_conflict());
@@ -1262,7 +1210,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_update_bookmarks_after_divergent_rewrite() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_rewrite_updates_bookmark_conflict() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -1270,7 +1217,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_rewrite_updates_bookmark_conflict() {
     // A gets rewritten as A2 and A3. B gets rewritten as B2 and B2. The bookmark
     // should become a conflict removing A and B, and adding B2, B3, C.
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_c = graph_builder.initial_commit();
@@ -1284,27 +1231,19 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_rewrite_updates_bookmark_conflict() {
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit_a2 = tx
-        .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit_a)
-        .write()
-        .unwrap();
+    let commit_a2 = tx.repo_mut().rewrite_commit(&commit_a).write().unwrap();
     // Different description so they're not the same commit
     let commit_a3 = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit_a)
+        .rewrite_commit(&commit_a)
         .set_description("different")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit_b2 = tx
-        .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit_b)
-        .write()
-        .unwrap();
+    let commit_b2 = tx.repo_mut().rewrite_commit(&commit_b).write().unwrap();
     // Different description so they're not the same commit
     let commit_b3 = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit_b)
+        .rewrite_commit(&commit_b)
         .set_description("different")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -1316,7 +1255,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_rewrite_updates_bookmark_conflict() {
         commit_b.id().clone(),
         vec![commit_b2.id().clone(), commit_b3.id().clone()],
     );
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
 
     let target = tx.repo_mut().get_local_bookmark("main");
     assert!(target.has_conflict());
@@ -1347,7 +1286,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_rewrite_updates_bookmark_conflict() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_rewrite_resolves_bookmark_conflict() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -1359,7 +1297,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_rewrite_resolves_bookmark_conflict() {
     // is a descendant of A, and B2 is a descendant of C, the conflict gets
     // resolved to B2.
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
@@ -1375,11 +1313,11 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_rewrite_resolves_bookmark_conflict() {
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let commit_b2 = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit_b)
+        .rewrite_commit(&commit_b)
         .set_parents(vec![commit_c.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert_eq!(
         tx.repo_mut().get_local_bookmark("main"),
         RefTarget::normal(commit_b2.id().clone())
@@ -1393,7 +1331,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_rewrite_resolves_bookmark_conflict() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_bookmark_delete_modify_abandon() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -1403,7 +1340,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_bookmark_delete_modify_abandon() {
     // result in the bookmark pointing to "-A+A=0", so the bookmark should
     // be deleted.
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     tx.repo_mut().set_local_bookmark_target(
@@ -1414,7 +1351,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_bookmark_delete_modify_abandon() {
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     tx.repo_mut().record_abandoned_commit(commit_b.id().clone());
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     assert_eq!(
         tx.repo_mut().get_local_bookmark("main"),
         RefTarget::absent()
@@ -1427,7 +1364,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_bookmark_delete_modify_abandon() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_update_checkout() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -1438,8 +1374,8 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_update_checkout() {
     // |/
     // A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit_a = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
-    let commit_b = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit_a = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
+    let commit_b = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![commit_a.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -1460,11 +1396,11 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_update_checkout() {
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let commit_c = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit_b)
+        .rewrite_commit(&commit_b)
         .set_description("C")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     // Workspaces 1 and 2 had B checked out, so they get updated to C. Workspace 3
@@ -1476,7 +1412,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_update_checkout() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_update_checkout_abandoned() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -1487,8 +1422,8 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_update_checkout_abandoned() {
     // |
     // A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit_a = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
-    let commit_b = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit_a = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
+    let commit_b = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![commit_a.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -1508,7 +1443,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_update_checkout_abandoned() {
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     tx.repo_mut().record_abandoned_commit(commit_b.id().clone());
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     // Workspaces 1 and 2 had B checked out, so they get updated to the same new
@@ -1527,7 +1462,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_update_checkout_abandoned() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_descendants_update_checkout_abandoned_merge() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -1540,16 +1474,16 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_update_checkout_abandoned_merge() {
     // |/
     // A
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit_a = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
-    let commit_b = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit_a = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
+    let commit_b = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![commit_a.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit_c = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit_c = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![commit_a.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit_d = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit_d = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![commit_b.id().clone(), commit_c.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -1561,7 +1495,7 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_update_checkout_abandoned_merge() {
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     tx.repo_mut().record_abandoned_commit(commit_d.id().clone());
-    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let new_checkout_id = repo.view().get_wc_commit_id(&workspace_id).unwrap();
@@ -1576,7 +1510,6 @@ fn test_rebase_descendants_update_checkout_abandoned_merge() {
 #[test_case(EmptyBehaviour::AbandonNewlyEmpty; "abandon newly empty commits")]
 #[test_case(EmptyBehaviour::AbandonAllEmpty ; "abandon all empty commits")]
 fn test_empty_commit_option(empty_behavior: EmptyBehaviour) {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -1612,10 +1545,10 @@ fn test_empty_commit_option(empty_behavior: EmptyBehaviour) {
     let tree_f = create_fixed_tree(&["B", "C", "D"]);
     let tree_g = create_fixed_tree(&["B", "C", "D", "G"]);
 
-    let commit_a = create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings).write().unwrap();
+    let commit_a = create_random_commit(mut_repo).write().unwrap();
 
     let mut create_commit = |parents: &[&Commit], tree: &MergedTree| {
-        create_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings)
+        create_random_commit(mut_repo)
             .set_parents(
                 parents
                     .iter()
@@ -1639,13 +1572,10 @@ fn test_empty_commit_option(empty_behavior: EmptyBehaviour) {
         .set_rewritten_commit(commit_b.id().clone(), commit_bd.id().clone());
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(
-            &settings,
-            RebaseOptions {
-                empty: empty_behavior,
-                simplify_ancestor_merge: true,
-            },
-        )
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(RebaseOptions {
+            empty: empty_behavior,
+            simplify_ancestor_merge: true,
+        })
         .unwrap();
 
     let new_head = match empty_behavior {
@@ -1716,7 +1646,6 @@ fn test_empty_commit_option(empty_behavior: EmptyBehaviour) {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_rebase_abandoning_empty() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -1736,35 +1665,35 @@ fn test_rebase_abandoning_empty() {
     // A                              A
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit_a = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
-    let commit_b = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit_a = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
+    let commit_b = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![commit_a.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit_c = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit_c = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![commit_b.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit_d = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit_d = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![commit_c.id().clone()])
         .set_tree_id(commit_c.tree_id().clone())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit_e = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit_e = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![commit_c.id().clone()])
         .set_tree_id(commit_c.tree_id().clone())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit_b2 = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit_b2 = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![commit_a.id().clone()])
         .set_tree_id(commit_b.tree_id().clone())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit_f = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit_f = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![commit_e.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit_g = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit_g = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![commit_e.id().clone()])
         .set_tree_id(commit_e.tree_id().clone())
         .write()
@@ -1780,10 +1709,10 @@ fn test_rebase_abandoning_empty() {
         simplify_ancestor_merge: true,
     };
     let rewriter = CommitRewriter::new(tx.repo_mut(), commit_b, vec![commit_b2.id().clone()]);
-    rebase_commit_with_options(&settings, rewriter, &rebase_options).unwrap();
+    rebase_commit_with_options(rewriter, &rebase_options).unwrap();
     let rebase_map = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(&settings, rebase_options)
+        .rebase_descendants_with_options_return_map(rebase_options)
         .unwrap();
     assert_eq!(rebase_map.len(), 5);
     let new_commit_c =
diff --git a/lib/tests/test_rewrite_duplicate.rs b/lib/tests/test_rewrite_duplicate.rs
index d3a6680a1c..af95ea85f7 100644
--- a/lib/tests/test_rewrite_duplicate.rs
+++ b/lib/tests/test_rewrite_duplicate.rs
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ use testutils::TestRepo;
 
 #[test]
 fn test_duplicate_linear_contents() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -43,7 +42,6 @@ fn test_duplicate_linear_contents() {
     let commit_a = tx
         .repo_mut()
         .new_commit(
-            &settings,
             vec![repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()],
             empty_tree_id.clone(),
         )
@@ -51,22 +49,22 @@ fn test_duplicate_linear_contents() {
         .unwrap();
     let commit_b = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![commit_a.id().clone()], tree_1.id())
+        .new_commit(vec![commit_a.id().clone()], tree_1.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let commit_c = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![commit_b.id().clone()], tree_1_2.id())
+        .new_commit(vec![commit_b.id().clone()], tree_1_2.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let commit_d = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![commit_c.id().clone()], tree_2.id())
+        .new_commit(vec![commit_c.id().clone()], tree_2.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let commit_e = tx
         .repo_mut()
-        .new_commit(&settings, vec![commit_d.id().clone()], tree_2.id())
+        .new_commit(vec![commit_d.id().clone()], tree_2.id())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
@@ -76,7 +74,6 @@ fn test_duplicate_linear_contents() {
                                 parent_commit_ids: &[&CommitId],
                                 children_commit_ids: &[&CommitId]| {
         duplicate_commits(
-            &settings,
             tx.repo_mut(),
             &target_commits.iter().copied().cloned().collect_vec(),
             &parent_commit_ids.iter().copied().cloned().collect_vec(),
diff --git a/lib/tests/test_rewrite_transform.rs b/lib/tests/test_rewrite_transform.rs
index cb1074f4d1..35b58b50aa 100644
--- a/lib/tests/test_rewrite_transform.rs
+++ b/lib/tests/test_rewrite_transform.rs
@@ -32,12 +32,11 @@ use testutils::TestRepo;
 // A
 #[test]
 fn test_transform_descendants_sync() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_b]);
@@ -48,13 +47,13 @@ fn test_transform_descendants_sync() {
 
     let mut rebased = HashMap::new();
     tx.repo_mut()
-        .transform_descendants(&settings, vec![commit_b.id().clone()], |mut rewriter| {
+        .transform_descendants(vec![commit_b.id().clone()], |mut rewriter| {
             rewriter.replace_parent(commit_a.id(), [commit_g.id()]);
             if *rewriter.old_commit() == commit_c {
                 rewriter.abandon();
             } else {
                 let old_commit_id = rewriter.old_commit().id().clone();
-                let new_commit = rewriter.rebase(&settings)?.write()?;
+                let new_commit = rewriter.rebase()?.write()?;
                 rebased.insert(old_commit_id, new_commit);
             }
             Ok(())
@@ -90,22 +89,21 @@ fn test_transform_descendants_sync() {
 // A
 #[test]
 fn test_transform_descendants_sync_linearize_merge() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let commit_a = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let commit_b = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a]);
     let commit_c = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&commit_a, &commit_b]);
 
     let mut rebased = HashMap::new();
     tx.repo_mut()
-        .transform_descendants(&settings, vec![commit_c.id().clone()], |mut rewriter| {
+        .transform_descendants(vec![commit_c.id().clone()], |mut rewriter| {
             rewriter.replace_parent(commit_a.id(), [commit_b.id()]);
             let old_commit_id = rewriter.old_commit().id().clone();
-            let new_commit = rewriter.rebase(&settings)?.write()?;
+            let new_commit = rewriter.rebase()?.write()?;
             rebased.insert(old_commit_id, new_commit);
             Ok(())
         })
diff --git a/lib/tests/test_signing.rs b/lib/tests/test_signing.rs
index 23105c0c05..5aab227cd2 100644
--- a/lib/tests/test_signing.rs
+++ b/lib/tests/test_signing.rs
@@ -62,14 +62,13 @@ fn manual(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
 
     let repo = &test_workspace.repo;
 
-    let settings = settings.clone();
     let repo = repo.clone();
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit1 = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit1 = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_sign_behavior(SignBehavior::Own)
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    let commit2 = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit2 = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_sign_behavior(SignBehavior::Own)
         .set_author(someone_else())
         .write()
@@ -92,10 +91,9 @@ fn keep_on_rewrite(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
 
     let repo = &test_workspace.repo;
 
-    let settings = settings.clone();
     let repo = repo.clone();
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_sign_behavior(SignBehavior::Own)
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -103,7 +101,7 @@ fn keep_on_rewrite(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let rewritten = mut_repo.rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit).write().unwrap();
+    let rewritten = mut_repo.rewrite_commit(&commit).write().unwrap();
 
     let commit = repo.store().get_commit(rewritten.id()).unwrap();
     assert_eq!(commit.verification().unwrap(), good_verification());
@@ -118,10 +116,9 @@ fn manual_drop_on_rewrite(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
 
     let repo = &test_workspace.repo;
 
-    let settings = settings.clone();
     let repo = repo.clone();
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_sign_behavior(SignBehavior::Own)
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -130,7 +127,7 @@ fn manual_drop_on_rewrite(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
     let rewritten = mut_repo
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit)
+        .rewrite_commit(&commit)
         .set_sign_behavior(SignBehavior::Drop)
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -148,10 +145,9 @@ fn forced(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
 
     let repo = &test_workspace.repo;
 
-    let settings = settings.clone();
     let repo = repo.clone();
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_sign_behavior(SignBehavior::Force)
         .set_author(someone_else())
         .write()
@@ -171,10 +167,9 @@ fn configured(backend: TestRepoBackend) {
 
     let repo = &test_workspace.repo;
 
-    let settings = settings.clone();
     let repo = repo.clone();
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let commit = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
     tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let commit = repo.store().get_commit(commit.id()).unwrap();
diff --git a/lib/tests/test_view.rs b/lib/tests/test_view.rs
index d2211e926e..87d516420c 100644
--- a/lib/tests/test_view.rs
+++ b/lib/tests/test_view.rs
@@ -42,12 +42,11 @@ fn test_heads_empty() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_heads_fork() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
 
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let initial = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let child1 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&initial]);
     let child2 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&initial]);
@@ -64,12 +63,11 @@ fn test_heads_fork() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_heads_merge() {
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
 
-    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(&settings, tx.repo_mut());
+    let mut graph_builder = CommitGraphBuilder::new(tx.repo_mut());
     let initial = graph_builder.initial_commit();
     let child1 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&initial]);
     let child2 = graph_builder.commit_with_parents(&[&initial]);
@@ -82,26 +80,25 @@ fn test_heads_merge() {
 #[test]
 fn test_merge_views_heads() {
     // Tests merging of the view's heads (by performing divergent operations).
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let head_unchanged = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let head_remove_tx1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let head_remove_tx2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let head_unchanged = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let head_remove_tx1 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let head_remove_tx2 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let mut tx1 = repo.start_transaction();
     tx1.repo_mut().remove_head(head_remove_tx1.id());
-    let head_add_tx1 = write_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let head_add_tx1 = write_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut());
 
     let mut tx2 = repo.start_transaction();
     tx2.repo_mut().remove_head(head_remove_tx2.id());
-    let head_add_tx2 = write_random_commit(tx2.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let head_add_tx2 = write_random_commit(tx2.repo_mut());
 
-    let repo = commit_transactions(&settings, vec![tx1, tx2]);
+    let repo = commit_transactions(vec![tx1, tx2]);
 
     let expected_heads = hashset! {
         head_unchanged.id().clone(),
@@ -114,7 +111,6 @@ fn test_merge_views_heads() {
 #[test]
 fn test_merge_views_checkout() {
     // Tests merging of the view's checkout (by performing divergent operations).
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
@@ -126,9 +122,9 @@ fn test_merge_views_checkout() {
     // Workspace 6 gets added in tx1.
     // Workspace 7 gets added in tx2.
     let mut initial_tx = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit1 = write_random_commit(initial_tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
-    let commit2 = write_random_commit(initial_tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
-    let commit3 = write_random_commit(initial_tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let commit1 = write_random_commit(initial_tx.repo_mut());
+    let commit2 = write_random_commit(initial_tx.repo_mut());
+    let commit3 = write_random_commit(initial_tx.repo_mut());
     let ws1_id = WorkspaceId::new("ws1".to_string());
     let ws2_id = WorkspaceId::new("ws2".to_string());
     let ws3_id = WorkspaceId::new("ws3".to_string());
@@ -188,7 +184,7 @@ fn test_merge_views_checkout() {
         .set_wc_commit(ws7_id.clone(), commit3.id().clone())
         .unwrap();
 
-    let repo = commit_transactions(&settings, vec![tx1, tx2]);
+    let repo = commit_transactions(vec![tx1, tx2]);
 
     // We currently arbitrarily pick the first transaction's working-copy commit
     // (first by transaction end time).
@@ -205,15 +201,14 @@ fn test_merge_views_checkout() {
 fn test_merge_views_bookmarks() {
     // Tests merging of bookmarks (by performing concurrent operations). See
     // test_refs.rs for tests of merging of individual ref targets.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let main_bookmark_local_tx0 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let main_bookmark_origin_tx0 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
-    let main_bookmark_alternate_tx0 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let main_bookmark_local_tx0 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let main_bookmark_origin_tx0 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
+    let main_bookmark_alternate_tx0 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     let main_bookmark_origin_tx0_remote_ref = RemoteRef {
         target: RefTarget::normal(main_bookmark_origin_tx0.id().clone()),
         state: RemoteRefState::New,
@@ -232,7 +227,7 @@ fn test_merge_views_bookmarks() {
         "alternate",
         main_bookmark_alternate_tx0_remote_ref.clone(),
     );
-    let feature_bookmark_local_tx0 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let feature_bookmark_local_tx0 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     mut_repo.set_local_bookmark_target(
         "feature",
         RefTarget::normal(feature_bookmark_local_tx0.id().clone()),
@@ -240,20 +235,20 @@ fn test_merge_views_bookmarks() {
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let mut tx1 = repo.start_transaction();
-    let main_bookmark_local_tx1 = write_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let main_bookmark_local_tx1 = write_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut());
     tx1.repo_mut().set_local_bookmark_target(
         "main",
         RefTarget::normal(main_bookmark_local_tx1.id().clone()),
     );
-    let feature_bookmark_tx1 = write_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let feature_bookmark_tx1 = write_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut());
     tx1.repo_mut().set_local_bookmark_target(
         "feature",
         RefTarget::normal(feature_bookmark_tx1.id().clone()),
     );
 
     let mut tx2 = repo.start_transaction();
-    let main_bookmark_local_tx2 = write_random_commit(tx2.repo_mut(), &settings);
-    let main_bookmark_origin_tx2 = write_random_commit(tx2.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let main_bookmark_local_tx2 = write_random_commit(tx2.repo_mut());
+    let main_bookmark_origin_tx2 = write_random_commit(tx2.repo_mut());
     let main_bookmark_origin_tx2_remote_ref = RemoteRef {
         target: RefTarget::normal(main_bookmark_origin_tx2.id().clone()),
         state: RemoteRefState::Tracking,
@@ -268,7 +263,7 @@ fn test_merge_views_bookmarks() {
         main_bookmark_origin_tx2_remote_ref.clone(),
     );
 
-    let repo = commit_transactions(&settings, vec![tx1, tx2]);
+    let repo = commit_transactions(vec![tx1, tx2]);
     let expected_main_bookmark = BookmarkTarget {
         local_target: &RefTarget::from_legacy_form(
             [main_bookmark_local_tx0.id().clone()],
@@ -300,32 +295,31 @@ fn test_merge_views_bookmarks() {
 fn test_merge_views_tags() {
     // Tests merging of tags (by performing divergent operations). See
     // test_refs.rs for tests of merging of individual ref targets.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let v1_tx0 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let v1_tx0 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     mut_repo.set_tag_target("v1.0", RefTarget::normal(v1_tx0.id().clone()));
-    let v2_tx0 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let v2_tx0 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     mut_repo.set_tag_target("v2.0", RefTarget::normal(v2_tx0.id().clone()));
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let mut tx1 = repo.start_transaction();
-    let v1_tx1 = write_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let v1_tx1 = write_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut());
     tx1.repo_mut()
         .set_tag_target("v1.0", RefTarget::normal(v1_tx1.id().clone()));
-    let v2_tx1 = write_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let v2_tx1 = write_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut());
     tx1.repo_mut()
         .set_tag_target("v2.0", RefTarget::normal(v2_tx1.id().clone()));
 
     let mut tx2 = repo.start_transaction();
-    let v1_tx2 = write_random_commit(tx2.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let v1_tx2 = write_random_commit(tx2.repo_mut());
     tx2.repo_mut()
         .set_tag_target("v1.0", RefTarget::normal(v1_tx2.id().clone()));
 
-    let repo = commit_transactions(&settings, vec![tx1, tx2]);
+    let repo = commit_transactions(vec![tx1, tx2]);
     let expected_v1 = RefTarget::from_legacy_form(
         [v1_tx0.id().clone()],
         [v1_tx1.id().clone(), v1_tx2.id().clone()],
@@ -344,18 +338,17 @@ fn test_merge_views_tags() {
 fn test_merge_views_git_refs() {
     // Tests merging of git refs (by performing divergent operations). See
     // test_refs.rs for tests of merging of individual ref targets.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx = repo.start_transaction();
     let mut_repo = tx.repo_mut();
-    let main_bookmark_tx0 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let main_bookmark_tx0 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     mut_repo.set_git_ref_target(
         "refs/heads/main",
         RefTarget::normal(main_bookmark_tx0.id().clone()),
     );
-    let feature_bookmark_tx0 = write_random_commit(mut_repo, &settings);
+    let feature_bookmark_tx0 = write_random_commit(mut_repo);
     mut_repo.set_git_ref_target(
         "refs/heads/feature",
         RefTarget::normal(feature_bookmark_tx0.id().clone()),
@@ -363,25 +356,25 @@ fn test_merge_views_git_refs() {
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let mut tx1 = repo.start_transaction();
-    let main_bookmark_tx1 = write_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let main_bookmark_tx1 = write_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut());
     tx1.repo_mut().set_git_ref_target(
         "refs/heads/main",
         RefTarget::normal(main_bookmark_tx1.id().clone()),
     );
-    let feature_bookmark_tx1 = write_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let feature_bookmark_tx1 = write_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut());
     tx1.repo_mut().set_git_ref_target(
         "refs/heads/feature",
         RefTarget::normal(feature_bookmark_tx1.id().clone()),
     );
 
     let mut tx2 = repo.start_transaction();
-    let main_bookmark_tx2 = write_random_commit(tx2.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let main_bookmark_tx2 = write_random_commit(tx2.repo_mut());
     tx2.repo_mut().set_git_ref_target(
         "refs/heads/main",
         RefTarget::normal(main_bookmark_tx2.id().clone()),
     );
 
-    let repo = commit_transactions(&settings, vec![tx1, tx2]);
+    let repo = commit_transactions(vec![tx1, tx2]);
     let expected_main_bookmark = RefTarget::from_legacy_form(
         [main_bookmark_tx0.id().clone()],
         [
@@ -403,27 +396,26 @@ fn test_merge_views_git_refs() {
 fn test_merge_views_git_heads() {
     // Tests merging of git heads (by performing divergent operations). See
     // test_refs.rs for tests of merging of individual ref targets.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
     let repo = &test_repo.repo;
 
     let mut tx0 = repo.start_transaction();
-    let tx0_head = write_random_commit(tx0.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let tx0_head = write_random_commit(tx0.repo_mut());
     tx0.repo_mut()
         .set_git_head_target(RefTarget::normal(tx0_head.id().clone()));
     let repo = tx0.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let mut tx1 = repo.start_transaction();
-    let tx1_head = write_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let tx1_head = write_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut());
     tx1.repo_mut()
         .set_git_head_target(RefTarget::normal(tx1_head.id().clone()));
 
     let mut tx2 = repo.start_transaction();
-    let tx2_head = write_random_commit(tx2.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let tx2_head = write_random_commit(tx2.repo_mut());
     tx2.repo_mut()
         .set_git_head_target(RefTarget::normal(tx2_head.id().clone()));
 
-    let repo = commit_transactions(&settings, vec![tx1, tx2]);
+    let repo = commit_transactions(vec![tx1, tx2]);
     let expected_git_head = RefTarget::from_legacy_form(
         [tx0_head.id().clone()],
         [tx1_head.id().clone(), tx2_head.id().clone()],
@@ -435,32 +427,31 @@ fn test_merge_views_git_heads() {
 fn test_merge_views_divergent() {
     // We start with just commit A. Operation 1 rewrites it as A2. Operation 2
     // rewrites it as A3.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
 
     let mut tx = test_repo.repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit_a = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let commit_a = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let mut tx1 = repo.start_transaction();
     let commit_a2 = tx1
         .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit_a)
+        .rewrite_commit(&commit_a)
         .set_description("A2")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    tx1.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx1.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
 
     let mut tx2 = repo.start_transaction();
     let commit_a3 = tx2
         .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit_a)
+        .rewrite_commit(&commit_a)
         .set_description("A3")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    tx2.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx2.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
 
-    let repo = commit_transactions(&settings, vec![tx1, tx2]);
+    let repo = commit_transactions(vec![tx1, tx2]);
 
     // A2 and A3 should be heads.
     assert_eq!(
@@ -474,15 +465,14 @@ fn test_merge_views_divergent() {
 fn test_merge_views_child_on_rewritten(child_first: bool) {
     // We start with just commit A. Operation 1 adds commit B on top. Operation 2
     // rewrites A as A2.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
 
     let mut tx = test_repo.repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit_a = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
+    let commit_a = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let mut tx1 = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit_b = create_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit_b = create_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![commit_a.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -490,16 +480,16 @@ fn test_merge_views_child_on_rewritten(child_first: bool) {
     let mut tx2 = repo.start_transaction();
     let commit_a2 = tx2
         .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit_a)
+        .rewrite_commit(&commit_a)
         .set_description("A2")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    tx2.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx2.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
 
     let repo = if child_first {
-        commit_transactions(&settings, vec![tx1, tx2])
+        commit_transactions(vec![tx1, tx2])
     } else {
-        commit_transactions(&settings, vec![tx2, tx1])
+        commit_transactions(vec![tx2, tx1])
     };
 
     // A new B2 commit (B rebased onto A2) should be the only head.
@@ -520,12 +510,11 @@ fn test_merge_views_child_on_rewritten_divergent(on_rewritten: bool, child_first
     // of A2 or A3. Operation 2 rewrites A2 as A4. The result should be that B
     // gets rebased onto A4 if it was based on A2 before, but if it was based on
     // A3, it should remain there.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
 
     let mut tx = test_repo.repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit_a2 = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
-    let commit_a3 = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit_a2 = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
+    let commit_a3 = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_change_id(commit_a2.change_id().clone())
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -533,7 +522,7 @@ fn test_merge_views_child_on_rewritten_divergent(on_rewritten: bool, child_first
 
     let mut tx1 = repo.start_transaction();
     let parent = if on_rewritten { &commit_a2 } else { &commit_a3 };
-    let commit_b = create_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit_b = create_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![parent.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -541,16 +530,16 @@ fn test_merge_views_child_on_rewritten_divergent(on_rewritten: bool, child_first
     let mut tx2 = repo.start_transaction();
     let commit_a4 = tx2
         .repo_mut()
-        .rewrite_commit(&settings, &commit_a2)
+        .rewrite_commit(&commit_a2)
         .set_description("A4")
         .write()
         .unwrap();
-    tx2.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx2.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
 
     let repo = if child_first {
-        commit_transactions(&settings, vec![tx1, tx2])
+        commit_transactions(vec![tx1, tx2])
     } else {
-        commit_transactions(&settings, vec![tx2, tx1])
+        commit_transactions(vec![tx2, tx1])
     };
 
     if on_rewritten {
@@ -576,19 +565,18 @@ fn test_merge_views_child_on_rewritten_divergent(on_rewritten: bool, child_first
 fn test_merge_views_child_on_abandoned(child_first: bool) {
     // We start with commit B on top of commit A. Operation 1 adds commit C on top.
     // Operation 2 abandons B.
-    let settings = testutils::user_settings();
     let test_repo = TestRepo::init();
 
     let mut tx = test_repo.repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit_a = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings);
-    let commit_b = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit_a = write_random_commit(tx.repo_mut());
+    let commit_b = create_random_commit(tx.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![commit_a.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
     let repo = tx.commit("test").unwrap();
 
     let mut tx1 = repo.start_transaction();
-    let commit_c = create_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut(), &settings)
+    let commit_c = create_random_commit(tx1.repo_mut())
         .set_parents(vec![commit_b.id().clone()])
         .write()
         .unwrap();
@@ -596,12 +584,12 @@ fn test_merge_views_child_on_abandoned(child_first: bool) {
     let mut tx2 = repo.start_transaction();
     tx2.repo_mut()
         .record_abandoned_commit(commit_b.id().clone());
-    tx2.repo_mut().rebase_descendants(&settings).unwrap();
+    tx2.repo_mut().rebase_descendants().unwrap();
 
     let repo = if child_first {
-        commit_transactions(&settings, vec![tx1, tx2])
+        commit_transactions(vec![tx1, tx2])
     } else {
-        commit_transactions(&settings, vec![tx2, tx1])
+        commit_transactions(vec![tx2, tx1])
     };
 
     // A new C2 commit (C rebased onto A) should be the only head.
diff --git a/lib/tests/test_workspace.rs b/lib/tests/test_workspace.rs
index 9f6b0589c8..a8ab278df2 100644
--- a/lib/tests/test_workspace.rs
+++ b/lib/tests/test_workspace.rs
@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ fn test_init_additional_workspace() {
     let ws2_root = test_workspace.root_dir().join("ws2_root");
     std::fs::create_dir(&ws2_root).unwrap();
     let (ws2, repo) = Workspace::init_workspace_with_existing_repo(
-        &settings,
         &ws2_root,
         test_workspace.repo_path(),
         &test_workspace.repo,
diff --git a/lib/testutils/src/lib.rs b/lib/testutils/src/lib.rs
index dbc5996e19..a49edcda2e 100644
--- a/lib/testutils/src/lib.rs
+++ b/lib/testutils/src/lib.rs
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ impl TestEnvironment {
     ) -> Arc<ReadonlyRepo> {
         RepoLoader::init_from_file_system(settings, repo_path, &self.default_store_factories())
             .unwrap()
-            .load_at_head(settings)
+            .load_at_head()
             .unwrap()
     }
 }
@@ -318,14 +318,14 @@ impl TestWorkspace {
     }
 }
 
-pub fn commit_transactions(settings: &UserSettings, txs: Vec<Transaction>) -> Arc<ReadonlyRepo> {
+pub fn commit_transactions(txs: Vec<Transaction>) -> Arc<ReadonlyRepo> {
     let repo_loader = txs[0].base_repo().loader().clone();
     let mut op_ids = vec![];
     for tx in txs {
         op_ids.push(tx.commit("test").unwrap().op_id().clone());
         std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(1));
     }
-    let repo = repo_loader.load_at_head(settings).unwrap();
+    let repo = repo_loader.load_at_head().unwrap();
     // Test the setup. The assumption here is that the parent order matches the
     // order in which they were merged (which currently matches the transaction
     // commit order), so we want to know make sure they appear in a certain
@@ -406,18 +406,11 @@ pub fn create_random_tree(repo: &Arc<ReadonlyRepo>) -> MergedTreeId {
     create_tree(repo, &[(&path, "contents")]).id()
 }
 
-pub fn create_random_commit<'repo>(
-    mut_repo: &'repo mut MutableRepo,
-    settings: &UserSettings,
-) -> CommitBuilder<'repo> {
+pub fn create_random_commit(mut_repo: &mut MutableRepo) -> CommitBuilder<'_> {
     let tree_id = create_random_tree(mut_repo.base_repo());
     let number = rand::random::<u32>();
     mut_repo
-        .new_commit(
-            settings,
-            vec![mut_repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()],
-            tree_id,
-        )
+        .new_commit(vec![mut_repo.store().root_commit_id().clone()], tree_id)
         .set_description(format!("random commit {number}"))
 }
 
@@ -478,8 +471,8 @@ pub fn dump_tree(store: &Arc<Store>, tree_id: &MergedTreeId) -> String {
     buf
 }
 
-pub fn write_random_commit(mut_repo: &mut MutableRepo, settings: &UserSettings) -> Commit {
-    create_random_commit(mut_repo, settings).write().unwrap()
+pub fn write_random_commit(mut_repo: &mut MutableRepo) -> Commit {
+    create_random_commit(mut_repo).write().unwrap()
 }
 
 pub fn write_working_copy_file(workspace_root: &Path, path: &RepoPath, contents: &str) {
@@ -496,21 +489,17 @@ pub fn write_working_copy_file(workspace_root: &Path, path: &RepoPath, contents:
     file.write_all(contents.as_bytes()).unwrap();
 }
 
-pub struct CommitGraphBuilder<'settings, 'repo> {
-    settings: &'settings UserSettings,
+pub struct CommitGraphBuilder<'repo> {
     mut_repo: &'repo mut MutableRepo,
 }
 
-impl<'settings, 'repo> CommitGraphBuilder<'settings, 'repo> {
-    pub fn new(
-        settings: &'settings UserSettings,
-        mut_repo: &'repo mut MutableRepo,
-    ) -> CommitGraphBuilder<'settings, 'repo> {
-        CommitGraphBuilder { settings, mut_repo }
+impl<'repo> CommitGraphBuilder<'repo> {
+    pub fn new(mut_repo: &'repo mut MutableRepo) -> Self {
+        CommitGraphBuilder { mut_repo }
     }
 
     pub fn initial_commit(&mut self) -> Commit {
-        write_random_commit(self.mut_repo, self.settings)
+        write_random_commit(self.mut_repo)
     }
 
     pub fn commit_with_parents(&mut self, parents: &[&Commit]) -> Commit {
@@ -518,7 +507,7 @@ impl<'settings, 'repo> CommitGraphBuilder<'settings, 'repo> {
             .iter()
             .map(|commit| commit.id().clone())
             .collect_vec();
-        create_random_commit(self.mut_repo, self.settings)
+        create_random_commit(self.mut_repo)
             .set_parents(parent_ids)
             .write()
             .unwrap()