Skip to content

Latest commit

 

History

History
71 lines (51 loc) · 2 KB

c2.md

File metadata and controls

71 lines (51 loc) · 2 KB

Exercises: generating functions (2)

  1. Using Rule 5, prove that [Wilf 38, example 6] $$F_0+F_1+\dots+F_n=F_{n+2}-1 \qquad \hbox{for $n\ge 0$}.$$

    solution
    • Compare gfs of both sides, left is $f/(1-x)$, where $f = x/(1-x-x^2)$, i.e. Fibonacci.
  2. Solve $$g_n=g_{n-1}+g_{n-2} \qquad\hbox{for $n\ge 2$}, \qquad g_0 = 0, \quad g_{10} = 10.$$

    solution
    • $g_n = {g_{10}\over F_{10}}F_n$
    • try also the ``boundary method'' from the lecture, computer necessary
  3. Solve [R16] $$a_n = \sum_{k=0}^{n-1}a_k \qquad\hbox{for $n > 0$}; \qquad a_0 = 1.$$

    solution
    • $a_n = 2^{n-1}$ for $n \ge 1$
  4. Solve [Knuth 349/(7.41)] $$f_n=2f_{n-1}+f_{n-2}+f_{n-3}+\dots+f_1+1 \qquad\hbox{for $n\ge 1$}, \qquad f_0 = 0.$$

    solution
    • $F(x) = x/(1-3x+x^2)$
    • $f_n=F_{2n}$
  5. Solve [K7.7] $$g_n = g_{n-1} + 2g_{n-2}+\dots +ng_0 \qquad\hbox{for $n > 0$}, \qquad g_0 = 1.$$

    solution
    • $G(x)=1+{x\over 1-3x+x^2}$
    • $g_n=F_{2n} + [n=0]$
  6. Solve $$g_n = \sum_{k=1}^{n-1} {g_k + g_{n-k} + k\over 2} \qquad\hbox{for $n\ge 2$}, \qquad g_1 = 1.$$

    solution

    TODO

  7. Solve $$g_n=g_{n-1}+2g_{n-2}+(-1)^n \qquad\hbox{for $n\ge 2$}, \qquad g_0 = g_1 = 1.$$

    solution
    • $G(x) = {1+x+x^2\over (1-2x)(1+x)^2}$
    • $g_n = {7\over 9}2^n + {1\over 9}(3n+2)(-1)^n$
  8. Solve [R24] $$a_{n+2}=3a_{n+1}-2a_n+n+1 \qquad\hbox{for $n\ge 0$}, \qquad a_0 = a_1 = 1.$$

    solution
    • $A(z) = {2\over 1-2z}-{1\over (1-z)^3}$
    • $a_n = 2^{n+1}-{n+2\choose 2}$
  9. Prove that $$\ln {1\over 1-x} = \sum_{n\ge 1} {1\over n} x^n.$$

    solution
    • consider $\int {1\over 1-x}$