verbs.md

Quick reference

tense	yo	tu	el/ella/usted	nosotros	ellos/as/ustedes	ingles
Present perfect (AR)	-o	-as	-a	-amos	-an	I run
Present perfect (ER/IR)	-o	-es	-e	-emos, -imos	-en	She runs
Present progressive (AR)	-ando					I am running
Present progressive (ER/IR)	-iendo					She is running
Preterite (AR)	-é	-aste	-ó	amos	-aron	I ran
Preterite (ER/IR)	-í	-iste	-ió	imos	-ieron	He ran
Imperfect (AR)	-aba	-abas	-aba	-ábamos	-aban	She was running
Imperfect (ER/IR)	-ía	-ías	-ía	-íamos	-ían	I used to run
Future (ALL)	+é	+ás	+á	+emos	+án	I will run
Conditional (ALL)	+ía	+ías	+ía	+íamos	+ían	I would run

Spanish Verbs

Verbs either end in -ar, -ir, -er

There are several different tenses but the main tenses I've covered here are:

• Present - I cook (cocinar)
• Present progressive - I am cooking (cocinando)
• Present perfect - I have cooked (cocinado)
• Preterite - I cooked (cociné)
• Imperfect - I was cooking, I used to cook (cocinaba)
• Future - I will cook (cocinaré)
• Conditional - I would cook (concinaría)

Present

• Used to describe what is happening and what is true right now.
• Describes the now and the general now (these days, this week, this month, today, etc)

Method: REPLACE the -ar, -ir, -er and add the appropriate ending

Present progressive

• Describes the addition of adding -ing to the verb to indicate that something is in progres
• Used much less often in Spanish than in English

Method: REPLACE the -ar, ir, -er and add the appropriate ending

Present perfect

• Indicate that the action was completed recently
• Requires a helping verb (e.g. have)
• Works with two verbs, not one

Helper verb example

Haber - to have
yo	he +verb
tu	has +verb
el/ella/usted	ha +verb
nosotros	hemos +verb
ellos/ellas/ustedes	han +verb

Method: REPLACE the -ar, -ir, -er and add the appropriate ending. For example:

• he hablado - I have spoken
• ha comido - She has eaten
• hemos vivido - We have lived.

Preterite

• Fixed point of time
• Is a type of past tense

Method: REPLACE the -ar, -ir, -er and add the appropriate ending

Imperfect tense

• Refers to actions that took place either repeatedly or over an extended period of time
• Clock time and age in the past always use the imperfect tense. Use ser (clock time) and tener (age)
• -ing in the past uses the imperfect tense
• Describes two actions happening at the same time

Method: REPLACE the -ar, -ir, -er and add the appropriate ending

Future

• Describe actions that will take place

Method: ADD the appropriate ending to the verb (do not remove AR, IR, ER)

Conditional

• Frequently used to express probability, wonder or conjecture and is usually translated to would, could must have or probably
• Used for events that are not guaranteed to occur. E.g. "I would run 100 miles"

Method: ADD the appropriate ending to the verb (do not remove AR, IR, ER)