README.md

• Abstract
• Essentials
• Materials
• Prerequisites
• MikanOS on macos
  • edk2
  • qemu
  • llvm
  • etc
  • Hello World
  • Build Kernel
  • Run Loader With Kernel
  • Draw Pixel On Kernel
  • Make Basic
  • Print Characters On Console
  • Mouse Input
  • Final
  • How To Boot Real Computer With USB

---

Abstract

os 를 구현해보자. 바탁부터 구현하는 것은 어려워서 UEFI 를 이용해서 제작해 보자. 0부터 시작하는 OS 자작 입문 [내가 만드는 OS 세계의 모든 것] 를 읽고 따라해본다.

fourbucks @ github 에서 실제로 구현해 본다.

Essentials

• 0부터 시작하는 OS 자작 입문 [내가 만드는 OS 세계의 모든 것]
  • src
  • mikanos-build
  • os 구조와 원리 | hanbit 를 계승한 책이다.
• 만들면서 배우는 OS 커널의 구조와 원리
  • src
• C++로 나만의 운영체제 만들기
  • visual studio 와 c++ 를 주로 사용하여 os 를 개발한다. 부트로더는 grub 를 사용함.
  • src
• 64비트 멀티코어 OS 원리와 구조
  • ebook
  • src

Materials

• os 구조와 원리 | hanbit
  • src
• 만들면서 배우는 OS 커널의 구조와 원리 해설 @ naver
  • 책을 잘 요약함
• iamroot
  • 커널 오프라인 스터디

Prerequisites

• NASM
• qemu
• Intel_Architecture_Software_Developers_Manual_Volume_3_Sys.pdf

MikanOS on macos

edk2

• mikanos macosx build
  • Build & Run on macosx
• 0부터 시작하는 os 자작 입문 [에러 및 해결]
  • Trouble shooting edk2

$ cd ~/my/etc
$ git clone --recursive https://github.com/tianocore/edk2.git
$ cd edk2/BaseTools/Source/C
$ git checkout edk2-stable202111
$ make

qemu

$ brew install qemu

llvm

$ brew install llvm
$ export PATH=/usr/local/opt/llvm/bin:$PATH

etc

$ brew install nasm dosfstools binutils
$ export PATH=/usr/local/opt/binutils/bin:$PATH

Hello World

$ cd ~/my/cpp/
$ git clone https://github.com/uchan-nos/mikanos.git
$ cd mikanos
$ git checkout osbook_day02a
$ cd ~/my/c/edk2
$ ln -s $HOME/workspace/mikanos/MikanLoaderPkg .
$ source edksetup.sh
$ vim Conf/target.txt
ACTIVE_PLATFORM       = MikanLoaderPkg/MikanLoaderPkg.dsc
TARGET                = DEBUG
TARGET_ARCH           = X64
TOOL_CHAIN_CONF       = Conf/tools_def.txt
TOOL_CHAIN_TAG        = CLANGPDB
BUILD_RULE_CONF = Conf/build_rule.txt

$ vim /Users/david.s/my/c/edk2/MdePkg/Library/BaseLib/BaseLib.inf
#[LibraryClasses.X64, LibraryClasses.IA32]
#  RegisterFilterLib

$ build

$ ~/my/etc/mikanos-build/devenv/run_qemu.sh Build/MikanLoaderX64/DEBUG_CLANGPDB/X64/Loader.efi

Build Kernel

$ cd ~/my/c/mikanos
$ git checkout osbook_day03a
$ cd kernel

$ clang++ -O2 -Wall -g --target=x86_64-elf -ffreestanding -mno-red-zone \
  -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -std=c++17 -c main.cpp
$ ld.lld --entry KernelMain -z norelro --image-base 0x100000 --static \
  -o kernel.elf main.o

Run Loader With Kernel

$ cd ~/my/etc/mikanos-buld/edk2
$ build
$ ~/my/etc/mikanos-build/devenv/run_qemu.sh \
    Build/MikanLoaderX64/DEBUG_CLANGPDB/X64/Loader.efi \
    ~/my/cpp/mikanos/kernel/kernel.elf

Draw Pixel On Kernel

• mikanos macosx build
  • Build & Run on macosx

We need to update some code for macos

// ~/my/cpp/mikanos/MikanLoaderPkg/Main.c
// AsIs
typedef void EntryPointType(UINT64, UINT64);
// ToBe
typedef void __attribute__((sysv_abi)) EntryPointType(UINT64, UINT64);

We need to change link commandline

# AsIs
$ ld.lld $LDFLAGS --entry KernelMain -z norelro --image-base 0x100000 --static -o kernel.elf main.o
# ToBe
$ ld.lld $LDFLAGS --entry=KernelMain -z norelro --image-base 0x100000 --static -o kernel.elf -z separate-code main.o

$ ln -s ~/my/etc/mikanos-build/ ~/osbook
$ vim ~/my/etc/mikanos-build/devenv/buildenv.sh
BASEDIR="$HOME/my/etc/mikanos-build/devenv/x86_64-elf"
EDK2DIR="$HOME/my/c/edk2"

$ source ~/my/etc/mikanos-build/devenv/buildenv.sh
$ echo $CPPFLAGS
$ echo $LDFLAGS

$ cd ~/my/cpp/mikanos/kernel
$ git checkout osbook_day03c
$ ~/my/cpp/mikanos/MikanLoaderPkg/Main.c

$ clang++ $CPPFLAGS -O2 -Wall -g --target=x86_64-elf -ffreestanding -mno-red-zone \
  -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -std=c++17 -c main.cpp
#$ clang++ -I/Users/david.s/my/etc/mikanos-build/devenv/x86_64-elf/include/c++/v1 -I/Users/david.s/my/etc/mikanos-build/devenv/x86_64-elf/include -I/Users/david.s/my/etc/mikanos-build/devenv/x86_64-elf/include/freetype2     -I/Users/david.s/my/c/edk2/MdePkg/Include -I/Users/david.s/my/c/edk2/MdePkg/Include/X64     -nostdlibinc -D__ELF__ -D_LDBL_EQ_DBL -D_GNU_SOURCE -D_POSIX_TIMERS     -DEFIAPI='__attribute__((ms_abi))' -O2 -Wall -g --target=x86_64-elf -ffreestanding -mno-red-zone -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -std=c++17 -c main.cpp
$ ld.lld $LDFLAGS --entry=KernelMain -z norelro --image-base 0x100000 --static -o kernel.elf -z separate-code main.o

# Build and run edk2
$ cd ~/my/c/edk2
$ source edksetup.sh 
$ build
$ ~/my/etc/mikanos-build/devenv/run_qemu.sh \
    Build/MikanLoaderX64/DEBUG_CLANGPDB/X64/Loader.efi \
    ~/my/cpp/mikanos/kernel/kernel.elf

Make Basic

We need to update Makefile for macos

# Build kernel
$ cd ~/my/cpp/mikanos
$ git checkout osbook_day04a

$ vim kernel/Makefile # Add -z separate-code
LDFLAGS += --entry KernelMain -z norelro --image-base 0x100000 --static -z separate-code

$ vim MikanLoaderPkg/Main.c
//typedef void EntryPointType(UINT64, UINT64);
typedef void __attribute__((sysv_abi)) EntryPointType(UINT64, UINT64);

$ source ~/my/etc/mikanos-build/devenv/buildenv.sh
$ make

# Build edk2
$ cd ~/my/c/edk2
$ source edksetup.sh 
$ build

# Run BootLoader and Kernel
$ ~/my/etc/mikanos-build/devenv/run_qemu.sh \
    Build/MikanLoaderX64/DEBUG_CLANGPDB/X64/Loader.efi \
    ~/my/cpp/mikanos/kernel/kernel.elf

Print Characters On Console

# Build kernel
$ cd ~/my/cpp/mikanos
$ git checkout osbook_day05f

$ vim kernel/Makefile # Add -z separate-code
LDFLAGS += --entry KernelMain -z norelro --image-base 0x100000 --static -z separate-code

$ vim kernel/Makefile # Update sed for macos sed
    sed -I '' -e 's|$(notdir $(OBJ))|$(OBJ)|' $@

$ vim MikanLoaderPkg/Main.c
//typedef void EntryPointType(const struct FrameBufferConfig*);
typedef void __attribute__((sysv_abi)) EntryPointType(const struct FrameBufferConfig*);

$ source ~/my/etc/mikanos-build/devenv/buildenv.sh
$ make

# Build edk2
$ cd ~/my/c/edk2
$ source edksetup.sh 
$ build

# Run BootLoader and Kernel
$ ~/my/etc/mikanos-build/devenv/run_qemu.sh \
    Build/MikanLoaderX64/DEBUG_CLANGPDB/X64/Loader.efi \
    ~/my/cpp/mikanos/kernel/kernel.elf

Mouse Input

# Build kernel
$ cd ~/my/cpp/mikanos
$ git checkout osbook_day06c

$ vim kernel/Makefile # Add -z separate-code
LDFLAGS += --entry KernelMain -z norelro --image-base 0x100000 --static -z separate-code

$ vim kernel/Makefile # Update sed for macos sed
    sed -I '' -e 's|$(notdir $(OBJ))|$(OBJ)|' $@

$ vim MikanLoaderPkg/Main.c
//typedef void EntryPointType(const struct FrameBufferConfig*);
typedef void __attribute__((sysv_abi)) EntryPointType(const struct FrameBufferConfig*);

$ source ~/my/etc/mikanos-build/devenv/buildenv.sh
$ make clean && make

# Build edk2
$ cd ~/my/c/edk2
$ source edksetup.sh 
$ build clean && build

# Run BootLoader and Kernel
$ ~/my/etc/mikanos-build/devenv/run_qemu.sh \
    Build/MikanLoaderX64/DEBUG_CLANGPDB/X64/Loader.efi \
    ~/my/cpp/mikanos/kernel/kernel.elf

Final

# Build kernel
$ cd ~/my/cpp/mikanos
$ git checkout master

$ vim kernel/Makefile # Add -z separate-code
LDFLAGS += --entry KernelMain -z norelro --image-base 0x100000 --static -z separate-code

$ vim kernel/Makefile # Update sed for macos sed
    sed -I '' -e 's|$(notdir $(OBJ))|$(OBJ)|' $@

$ vim kernel/main.cpp # Add this for macos
extern "C" void __cxa_pure_virtual() {
  while (1) __asm__("hlt");
}

$ vim MikanLoaderPkg/Main.c
//  typedef void EntryPointType(const struct FrameBufferConfig*,
//                              const struct MemoryMap*,
//                              const VOID*,
//                              VOID*,
//                              EFI_RUNTIME_SERVICES*);
  typedef void __attribute__((sysv_abi)) EntryPointType(const struct FrameBufferConfig*,
                                                        const struct MemoryMap*,
                                                        const VOID*,
                                                        VOID&,
                                                        EFI_RUNTIME_SERVICES*);

$ source ~/my/etc/mikanos-build/devenv/buildenv.sh
$ make clean && make

# Build edk2
$ cd ~/my/c/edk2
$ source edksetup.sh 
$ build clean && build

# Run BootLoader and Kernel
$ ~/my/etc/mikanos-build/devenv/run_qemu.sh \
    Build/MikanLoaderX64/DEBUG_CLANGPDB/X64/Loader.efi \
    ~/my/cpp/mikanos/kernel/kernel.elf

How To Boot Real Computer With USB

Copy files to USB like these. BOOTX64.EFI is same with Build/MikanLoaderX64/DEBUG_CLANGPDB/X64/Loader.efi

/kernel.elf
/EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.EFI

Turn on computer inserting USB. It works. (2022.12.03)