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main.c
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/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*\
| main.c -- main driver program for the z80 emulator -- all I/O |
| to the Unix world is done from this file -- "z80.c" calls various |
| functions within this file |
| |
| Copyright 1986-1988 by Parag Patel. All Rights Reserved. |
| Copyright 1994-1995 by CodeGen, Inc. All Rights Reserved. |
\*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include "defs.h"
#include "vt.h"
#if defined macintosh
# include <Types.h>
# include <Events.h>
# ifdef THINK_C
# include <console.h>
# endif
#elif defined DJGPP
# include <pc.h>
#elif defined _WIN32
#
#else /* UNIX */
# include <unistd.h>
# include <sys/ioctl.h>
# if defined POSIX_TTY
# include <sys/termios.h>
# elif defined BeBox
# include <termios.h>
# else
# include <termio.h>
# endif
#endif
#define INTR_CHAR 31 /* control-underscore */
extern int errno;
/* globally visible vars */
static FILE *logfile = NULL;
#ifndef _WIN32
# if defined UNIX || defined BeBox
# ifdef POSIX_TTY
# define termio termios
# endif
static struct termio rawterm, oldterm; /* for raw terminal I/O */
# endif
#endif
#ifdef _WIN32
static int have_term = 0; /* no terminal in Win32 */
#else
static int have_term = 1; /* FALSE if terminal initialization failed */
#endif
static void dumptrace(z80info *z80);
char *jgets(char *s, int len, FILE *f)
{
char *rtn = fgets(s, len, f);
if (rtn)
{
int x;
for (x = 0; s[x] && s[x] != '\r' && s[x] != '\n'; ++x);
s[x] = 0;
}
return rtn;
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*\
| resetterm -- reset terminal characteristics to original settings
\*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void
resetterm(void)
{
#ifndef _WIN32
if (have_term)
tcsetattr(fileno(stdin), TCSADRAIN, &oldterm);
#endif
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*\
| setterm -- set terminal characteristics to raw mode
\*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void
setterm(void)
{
#ifndef _WIN32
if (have_term)
tcsetattr(fileno(stdin), TCSADRAIN, &rawterm);
#endif
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*\
| initterm -- initialize terminal stuff -- called once on startup
| and then after returning from a sub-shell
\*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void
initterm(void)
{
#ifdef _WIN32
fprintf(stderr, "Sorry, terminal not found, using cooked mode.\n");
have_term = 0;
#else
if (tcgetattr(fileno(stdin), &oldterm))
{
fprintf(stderr, "Sorry, terminal not found, using cooked mode.\n");
have_term = 0;
}
else {
rawterm = oldterm;
rawterm.c_iflag &= ~(ICRNL | IXON | IXOFF | INLCR | ICRNL);
rawterm.c_lflag &= ~(ICANON | ECHO);
rawterm.c_cc[VSUSP] = -1;
rawterm.c_cc[VQUIT] = -1;
rawterm.c_cc[VERASE] = -1;
rawterm.c_cc[VKILL] = -1;
}
/* tcsetattr(fileno(stdin), TCSADRAIN, &rawterm); */
#if 0
/* rawterm.c_lflag &= ~(ISIG | ICANON | ECHO); */
rawterm.c_lflag &= ~(ICANON | ECHO);
#ifdef IENQAK
rawterm.c_iflag &= ~(IENQAK | IXON | IXOFF | INLCR | ICRNL);
#else
rawterm.c_iflag &= ~(IXON | IXOFF | INLCR | ICRNL);
#endif
rawterm.c_oflag &= ~OPOST;
rawterm.c_cc[VINTR] = INTR_CHAR;
rawterm.c_cc[VSUSP] = -1;
rawterm.c_cc[VQUIT] = -1;
rawterm.c_cc[VERASE] = -1;
rawterm.c_cc[VKILL] = -1;
rawterm.c_cc[VMIN] = 1; /* MIN number of chars */
rawterm.c_cc[VTIME] = 0; /* TIME timeout value */
#endif
#endif
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*\
| command -- called when user-level commands are needed by the z80
| for some reason or another
\*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void
command(z80info *z80)
{
unsigned int i, j, t, e;
char str[256], *s;
FILE *fp;
static word pe = 0;
static word po = 0;
resetterm();
printf("\n");
loop: /* "infinite" loop */
/* prompt for a command from the user & then do it */
printf("Cmd: ");
fflush(stdout);
*str = '\0';
fgets(str, sizeof str - 1, stdin);
for (s = str; *s == ' ' || *s == '\t'; s++)
;
switch (isupper(*(unsigned char *)s) ? tolower(*(unsigned char *)s) : *s)
{
case '?': /* help */
printf(" Q(uit) T(race on/off) S(tep trace) D(ump regs)\n");
printf(" E(xamine memory) P(oke memory) R(egister modify)\n");
printf(" L(oad binary) C(ontinue running - <CR> if Step)\n");
printf(" G(o) B(oot CP/M) Z(80 disassembled dump)\n");
printf(" W(write memory to file) X,Y(-set/clear breakpoint)\n");
printf(" O(output to \"logfile\")\n\n");
printf(" !(fork shell) ?(command list) V(ersion)\n\n");
break;
case 'o':
if (logfile != NULL)
{
fclose(logfile);
logfile = NULL;
printf(" Logging off.\n");
}
else
{
printf(" Logfile name? ");
jgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);
for (s = str; isspace(*(unsigned char *)s); s++)
;
if (*s == '\0')
break;
logfile = fopen(s, "w");
if (logfile == NULL)
printf("Cannot open logfile!\n");
else
printf(" Logging on.\n");
}
break;
case '!': /* fork a shell */
system("exec ${SHELL:-/bin/sh}");
initterm();
printf("\n");
break;
case 'q': /* quit */
if (logfile != NULL)
fclose(logfile);
exit(0);
break;
case 'v': /* version */
printf(" Version %s\n", VERSION);
break;
case 'b': /* boot cp/m */
setterm();
sysreset(z80);
return;
break;
case 't': /* toggle trace mode */
z80->trace = !z80->trace;
printf(" Trace %s\n", z80->trace ? "on" : "off");
break;
case 's': /* toggle step-trace mode */
z80->step = !z80->step;
printf(" Step-trace %s\n", z80->step ? "on" : "off");
printf(" Trace %s\n", z80->trace ? "on" : "off");
break;
case 'd': /* dump registers */
dumptrace(z80);
break;
case 'e': /* examine memory */
printf(" Starting at loc? (%.4X) : ", pe);
jgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);
t = pe;
sscanf(str, "%x", &t);
pe = t;
for (i = 0; i <= 8; i++)
{
printf(" %.4X: ", pe);
for (j = 0; j <= 0xF; j++)
printf("%.2X ", z80->mem[pe++]);
printf("\n");
}
break;
case 'w': /* write memory to file */
printf(" Starting at loc? ");
jgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);
sscanf(str, "%x", &t);
printf(" Ending at loc? ");
jgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);
sscanf(str, "%x", &e);
fp = fopen("mem", "w");
if (fp == NULL)
printf("Cannot open file 'mem' for writing!\n");
else
{
j = 0;
for (i = t; i < e; i++)
{
if (j++ > 9)
{
fprintf(fp, "\n");
j = 0;
}
fprintf(fp, "0x%X, ", z80->mem[i]);
}
fprintf(fp, "\n");
fclose(fp);
}
break;
case 'x': /* set breakpoint */
#ifdef MEM_BREAK
printf(" Set breakpoint at loc? (A for abort): ");
jgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);
if (tolower(*(unsigned char *)str) == 'a' || *str == '\0')
break;
sscanf(str, "%x", &t);
if (t >= sizeof z80->mem)
{
printf("Cannot set breakpoint at addr 0x%X\n", t);
break;
}
if (!(z80->membrk[t] & M_BREAKPOINT))
{
printf(" Breakpoint set at addr 0x%X\n", t);
z80->membrk[t] |= M_BREAKPOINT;
z80->numbrks++;
}
#else
printf("Sorry, Z80 has not been compiled with MEM_BREAK.\n");
#endif /* MEM_BREAK */
break;
case 'y': /* clear breakpoints */
#ifdef MEM_BREAK
printf(" Clear breakpoint at loc? (A for all) : ");
jgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);
if (tolower(*(unsigned char *)str) == 'a')
{
for (i = 0; i < sizeof z80->membrk; i++)
z80->membrk[i] &= ~M_BREAKPOINT;
z80->numbrks = 0;
printf(" All breakpoints cleared\n");
break;
}
sscanf(str, "%x", &t);
if (t >= sizeof z80->mem)
{
printf(" Cannot clear breakpoint at addr 0x%X\n", t);
break;
}
if (z80->membrk[t] & M_BREAKPOINT)
{
printf("Breakpoint cleared at addr 0x%X\n", t);
z80->membrk[t] &= ~M_BREAKPOINT;
z80->numbrks--;
}
#else
printf("Sorry, Z80 has not been compiled with MEM_BREAK.\n");
#endif /* MEM_BREAK */
break;
case 'z': /* z80 disassembled memory dump */
printf(" Starting at loc? (%.4X) : ", pe);
jgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);
t = pe;
sscanf(str, "%x", &t);
pe = t;
for (i = 0; i < 0x10; i++)
{
printf(" %.4X: ", pe);
j = pe;
pe += disassem(z80, pe, stdout);
t = disassemlen();
while (t++ < 15)
putchar(' ');
while (j < pe)
printf(" %.2X", z80->mem[j++]);
printf("\n");
}
break;
case 'p': /* poke memory */
printf(" Start at loc? (%.4X) : ", po);
jgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);
sscanf(str, "%x", &i);
po = i;
for (;;)
{
printf(" Mem[%.4X] (%.2X) = ", po, z80->mem[po]);
jgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);
for (s = str; *s == ' ' || *s == '\t'; s++)
;
if (*s == '~') /* exit? */
{
po = i;
break;
}
if (*s == '\0') /* leave the value alone */
continue;
j = 0;
sscanf(str, "%x", &j);
z80->mem[po] = j;
po++;
}
break;
case 'r': /* set a register */
printf(" Value? = ");
jgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);
i = 0;
sscanf(str, "%x", &i);
printf(" Reg? (A,F,B,C,D,E,H,L,IX,IY,SP,PC) : ");
jgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);
for (s = str; *s == ' ' || *s == '\t'; s++)
;
switch (tolower(*(unsigned char *)s))
{
case 'a': A = i; break;
case 'f': F = i; break;
case 'b': B = i; break;
case 'c': C = i; break;
case 'd': D = i; break;
case 'e': E = i; break;
case 'h': H = i; break;
case 'l': L = i; break;
case 'i':
if (tolower(((unsigned char *)s)[1]) == 'x')
IX = i;
else if (tolower(((unsigned char *)s)[1]) == 'y')
IY = i;
break;
case 'x': IX = i; break;
case 'y': IY = i; break;
case 's': SP = i; break;
case 'p': PC = i; break;
default:
printf("No such register\n");
break;
}
break;
case 'l': /* load a file into z80 memory */
printf(" File-name: ");
jgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);
if (!loadfile(z80, str))
fprintf(stderr, "Cannot load file %s!\r\n", str);
break;
case '\0': /* carriage-return */
case '\r':
case '\n':
if (z80->trace && z80->step)
goto cont;
break;
case 'c': /* continue z80 execution */
case 'g':
cont:
setterm();
if (z80->trace)
{
z80->event = TRUE;
z80->halt = TRUE;
}
return;
default:
/*putchar('\007');*/
printf("\007Command \"%s\" not recognized\n", s);
break;
}
goto loop;
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*\
| dumptrace -- dump the z80 registers in an easy-to-trace format
| -- note that the dump takes exactly one line so that changes in
| register values are easier to spot -- disassembles the z80 code
\*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void
dumptrace(z80info *z80)
{
printf("a%.2X f%.2X bc%.4X de%.4X hl%.4X ",
A, F, BC, DE, HL);
printf("ix%.4X iy%.4X sp%.4X pc%.4X:%.2X ",
IX, IY, SP, PC, z80->mem[PC]);
disassem(z80, PC, stdout);
printf("\r\n");
if (logfile)
{
fprintf(logfile, "a%.2X f%.2X bc%.4X de%.4X hl%.4X ",
A, F, BC, DE, HL);
fprintf(logfile, "ix%.4X iy%.4X sp%.4X pc%.4X:%.2X ",
IX, IY, SP, PC, z80->mem[PC]);
disassem(z80, PC, logfile);
fprintf(logfile, "\r\n");
}
}
#define HEXVAL(c) (('0' <= (c) && (c) <= '9') ? (c) - '0' :\
(('a' <= (c) && (c) <= 'f') ? (c) - 'a' + 10 :\
(('A' <= (c) && (c) <= 'F') ? (c) - 'A' + 10 :\
-1 )))
static int
gethex(FILE *fp)
{
int i, j;
i = getc(fp);
j = getc(fp);
if (i < 0 || j < 0)
return -1;
i = HEXVAL(i);
j = HEXVAL(j);
if (i < 0 || j < 0)
return -1;
return (i << 4) | j;
}
static int
loadhex(z80info *z80, FILE *fp)
{
int start = TRUE;
int len, line, i;
word addr, check, t;
for (line = 1; getc(fp) >= 0; line++) /* should be a ':' */
{
if ((len = gethex(fp)) <= 0)
break;
check = len;
if ((i = gethex(fp)) < 0)
break;
addr = (word)i;
check += addr;
if ((i = gethex(fp)) < 0)
break;
t = (word)i;
check += t;
addr = (addr << 8) | t;
if (start)
PC = addr, start = FALSE;
if ((i = gethex(fp)) < 0) /* ??? */
break;
check += (word)i;
while (len-- > 0)
{
if ((i = gethex(fp)) < 0)
break;
t = (word)i;
check += t;
z80->mem[addr] = t;
addr++;
}
if ((i = gethex(fp)) < 0) /* checksum */
break;
t = (word)i;
if ((t + check) & 0xFF)
{
fprintf(stderr, "%d: Checksum error: %.2X != 0!\r\n",
line, (t + check) & 0xFF);
return FALSE;
}
if (getc(fp) < 0) /* should be a '\n' */
break;
}
return TRUE;
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*\
| getword -- return a 16-bit word from the specified file
\*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static int
getword(FILE *file)
{
int w;
w = getc(file) << 8;
w |= getc(file);
return w;
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*\
| loadpisces -- load the specified file (assumed to be in Pisces+
| format) into the z80 memory for subsequent execution
\*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static int
loadpisces(z80info *z80, FILE *file)
{
int numbytes, i;
unsigned short loadaddr;
/* ignore the 1st 12 words in the file - the 13th word is the starting
PC value - the 14th is also ignored */
for (i = 0; i < 12; i++)
getword(file);
PC = getword(file);
getword(file);
/* read in each block of words into the z80 memory - each block
specifies the number of bytes in the block and the address to load
the data into */
while (getword(file) != EOF)
{
numbytes = getword(file);
loadaddr = getword(file);
getword(file);
for (; numbytes > 0; numbytes -= 2)
{
z80->mem[loadaddr] = getc(file);
loadaddr++;
z80->mem[loadaddr] = getc(file);
loadaddr++;
}
}
return TRUE;
}
static void
suffix(char *str, const char *suff)
{
while(*str != '\0' && *str != '.')
str++;
strcpy(str, suff);
}
boolean
loadfile(z80info *z80, const char *fname)
{
char buf[200];
FILE *fp;
int ret;
if ((fp = fopen(fname, "r")) != NULL)
{
ret = loadhex(z80, fp);
fclose(fp);
return ret;
}
strcpy(buf, fname);
suffix(buf, ".hex");
if ((fp = fopen(buf, "r")) != NULL)
{
ret = loadhex(z80, fp);
fclose(fp);
return ret;
}
strcpy(buf, fname);
suffix(buf, ".X");
if ((fp = fopen(buf, "r")) != NULL)
{
ret = loadpisces(z80, fp);
fclose(fp);
return ret;
}
return FALSE;
}
/* input -- z80 input instruction -- this function is called whenever
an input ports is referenced from the z80 to handle the real I/O --
it returns a byte to the z80 just like the real I/O instruction --
the arguments represent the data on the bus as it would be for a real
z80 - this routine is restarted later if there is no input pending,
and we must wait for some to occur */
boolean
input(z80info *z80, byte haddr, byte laddr, byte *val)
{
unsigned int data;
/* just uses the lower 8-bits of the I/O address for now... */
switch (laddr)
{
/* return a character from the keyboard - wait for it if necessary --
return "last" if we have already read in something via 0x01 */
case 0x00:
if (1)
{
#if defined macintosh
EventRecord ev;
again:
fflush(stdout);
while (!WaitNextEvent(keyDownMask | autoKeyMask,
&ev, 20, nil))
;
data = ev.message & charCodeMask;
if ((data == '.' && (ev.modifiers & cmdKey)) ||
data == INTR_CHAR)
{
command(z80);
goto again;
}
else if (data == 'q' && (ev.modifiers & cmdKey))
exit(0);
#elif defined DJGPP
fflush(stdout);
data = getkey();
while (data == INTR_CHAR)
{
command(z80);
data = getkey();
}
#else /* TCGETA */
fflush(stdout);
data = kget(0);
/* data = getchar(); */
while ((data > 0x7f && errno == EINTR) ||
data == INTR_CHAR)
{
command(z80);
data = kget(0);
/* data = getchar(); */
}
#endif
}
*val = data & 0x7F;
break;
/* return 0xFF if we have a character waiting to be read - save the
character in "last" for 0x00 above */
case 0x01:
#if defined macintosh
{
EventRecord ev;
*val = EventAvail(keyDownMask | autoKeyMask, &ev) ?
0xFF : 0;
}
#elif defined DJGPP
*val = (kbhit()) ? 0xFF : 0;
#else /* UNIX or BeBox */
fflush(stdout);
if (constat())
*val = 0xFF;
else
*val = 0x00;
#endif
break;
/* default - prompt the user for an input byte */
default:
resetterm();
printf("INPUT : addr = %X%X DATA = ", haddr, laddr);
fflush(stdout);
scanf("%x", &data);
setterm();
*val = data;
break;
}
return TRUE;
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*\
| output -- output the data at the specified I/O address
\*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void
output(z80info *z80, byte haddr, byte laddr, byte data)
{
if (laddr == 0xFF) {
/* BIOS call - interrupt the z80 before the next instruction
since we may have to mess with the PC & other stuff -
otherwise we would do it right here */
z80->event = TRUE;
z80->halt = TRUE;
z80->syscall = TRUE;
z80->biosfn = data;
if (z80->trace)
{
printf("BIOS call %d\r\n", z80->biosfn);
if (logfile)
fprintf(logfile, "BIOS call %d\r\n",
z80->biosfn);
}
} else if (laddr == 0) {
/* output a character to the screen */
/* putchar(data); */
vt52(data);
if (logfile != NULL)
putc(data, logfile);
} else {
/* dump the data for our user */
printf("OUTPUT: addr = %X%X DATA = %X\r\n", haddr, laddr,data);
}
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*\
| haltcpu -- this is called after the z80 halts -- it is used for
| tracing & such
\*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void
haltcpu(z80info *z80)
{
z80->halt = FALSE;
/* we were interrupted by a Unix signal */
if (z80->sig)
{
if (z80->sig != SIGINT)
printf("\r\nCaught signal %d.\r\n", z80->sig);
z80->sig = 0;
command(z80);
return;
}
/* we are tracing execution of the z80 */
if (z80->trace)
{
/* re-enable tracing */
z80->event = TRUE;
z80->halt = TRUE;
dumptrace(z80);
if (z80->step)
command(z80);
}
/* a CP/M syscall - done here so tracing still works */
if (z80->syscall)
{
z80->syscall = FALSE;
bios(z80, z80->biosfn);
}
}
word
read_mem(z80info *z80, word addr)
{
#ifdef MEM_BREAK
if (z80->membrk[addr] & M_BREAKPOINT)
{
fprintf(stderr, "\r\nBreak at 0x%X\r\n", addr);
}
else if (z80->membrk[addr] & M_READ_PROTECT)
{
fprintf(stderr,
"\r\nAttempt to read protected memory at 0x%X\r\n",
addr);
}
else if (z80->membrk[addr] & M_MEM_MAPPED_IO)
{
fprintf(stderr,
"\r\nAttempt to perform mem-mapped input at 0x%X\r\n",
addr);
/* fake some sort of I/O here and return its value */
}
dumptrace(z80);
command(z80);
#endif /* MEM_BREAK */
return z80->mem[addr];
}
word
write_mem(z80info *z80, word addr, byte val)
{
#ifdef MEM_BREAK
if (z80->membrk[addr] & M_BREAKPOINT)
{
fprintf(stderr, "\r\nBreak at 0x%X\r\n", addr);
}
else if (z80->membrk[addr] & M_WRITE_PROTECT)
{
fprintf(stderr,
"\r\nAttempt to write to protected memory at 0x%X\r\n",
addr);
}
else if (z80->membrk[addr] & M_MEM_MAPPED_IO)
{
fprintf(stderr,
"\r\nAttempt to perform mem-mapped output at 0x%X\r\n",
addr);
/* fake some sort of I/O here and set mem to its value, */
/* then return */
}
dumptrace(z80);
command(z80);
#endif /* MEM_BREAK */
return z80->mem[addr] = val;
}
void
undefinstr(z80info *z80, byte instr)
{
printf("\r\nIllegal instruction 0x%.2X at PC=0x%.4X\r\n",
instr, PC - 1);
command(z80);
}