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fb_prophet_parallel.py
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fb_prophet_parallel.py
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"""Prophet by Facebook for TimeSeries with an example of parameter mutation."""
import importlib
import datatable as dt
import numpy as np
from h2oaicore.models import CustomTimeSeriesModel
from h2oaicore.systemutils import make_experiment_logger, loggerinfo, loggerwarning, loggerdebug
from h2oaicore.systemutils import (
small_job_pool, save_obj, load_obj, user_dir, remove, config, max_threads
)
from h2oaicore.systemutils_more import arch_type
import os
import pandas as pd
import shutil
import random
import uuid
from sklearn.preprocessing import LabelEncoder, MinMaxScaler
class suppress_stdout_stderr(object):
def __init__(self):
self.null_fds = [os.open(os.devnull, os.O_RDWR) for x in range(2)]
self.save_fds = [os.dup(1), os.dup(2)]
def __enter__(self):
os.dup2(self.null_fds[0], 1)
os.dup2(self.null_fds[1], 2)
def __exit__(self, *_):
os.dup2(self.save_fds[0], 1)
os.dup2(self.save_fds[1], 2)
for fd in self.null_fds + self.save_fds:
os.close(fd)
# Parallel implementation requires methods being called from different processes
# Global methods support this feature
# We use global methods as a wrapper for member methods of the transformer
def MyParallelProphetTransformer_fit_async(*args, **kwargs):
return FBProphetParallelModel._fit_async(*args, **kwargs)
def MyParallelProphetTransformer_transform_async(*args, **kwargs):
return FBProphetParallelModel._transform_async(*args, **kwargs)
class FBProphetParallelModel(CustomTimeSeriesModel):
_regression = True
_binary = False
_multiclass = False
_display_name = "FB_Prophet_Parallel"
_description = "Facebook Prophet TimeSeries forecasting with multi process support"
_parallel_task = True
_testing_can_skip_failure = False # ensure tested as if shouldn't fail
@staticmethod
def is_enabled():
return not (arch_type == "ppc64le")
@staticmethod
def can_use(accuracy, interpretability, **kwargs):
return False # by default too slow unless only enabled
@staticmethod
def do_acceptance_test():
return False
froms3 = True
if froms3:
_root_path = "https://s3.amazonaws.com/artifacts.h2o.ai/deps/dai/recipes"
_suffix = "-cp311-cp311-linux_x86_64.whl"
_modules_needed_by_name = [
'%s/setuptools_git-1.2%s' % (_root_path, _suffix),
'%s/LunarCalendar-0.0.9%s' % (_root_path, _suffix),
'%s/ephem-4.1.5%s' % (_root_path, _suffix),
'%s/cmdstanpy-1.2.2%s' % (_root_path, _suffix),
'%s/pystan-3.9.1%s' % (_root_path, _suffix),
'%s/httpstan-4.12.0%s' % (_root_path, _suffix),
'%s/prophet-1.1.5%s' % (_root_path, _suffix),
]
else:
_modules_needed_by_name = ['holidays==0.47', 'convertdate', 'lunarcalendar', 'pystan==3.9.1',
'prophet==1.1.5']
def set_default_params(self,
accuracy=None, time_tolerance=None, interpretability=None,
**kwargs):
"""
Parameters available for the model :
- growth : available market growth strategy in Prophet are linear and logistic
logistic growth require a cap that saturates the predictions output
See : https://facebook.github.io/prophet/docs/saturating_forecasts.html#forecasting-growth
- country_holidays : allows Prophet to use built in Holidays
See mutate_params to check the available countries in the model
https://facebook.github.io/prophet/docs/seasonality,_holiday_effects,_and_regressors.html#built-in-country-holidays
We can change the way seasonality affects the predictions
- seasonality_mode : 'additive' (default) or 'multiplicative'
We can override Fourier Order for seasonality calculation
https://facebook.github.io/prophet/docs/seasonality,_holiday_effects,_and_regressors.html#fourier-order-for-seasonalities
- weekly_seasonality : default is 'auto'
Can be False or any number that gives the Fourier Order for the seasonality calculation
- yearly_seasonality : default is 'auto'
Can be False or any number that gives the Fourier Order for the seasonality calculation
By default only weekly and yearly seasonality are calculated
However one can ask Prophet to calculate other/specific seasonality
https://facebook.github.io/prophet/docs/seasonality,_holiday_effects,_and_regressors.html#specifying-custom-seasonalities
- monthly_seasonality : Either False (no monthly seasonality) or a number which will be the Fourier Order
for monthly seasonality.
- quarterly_seasonality : Either False (no quarterly seasonality) or a number which will be the Fourier Order
for quarterly seasonality.
"""
self.params = dict(
growth=kwargs.get("growth", "linear"),
seasonality_mode=kwargs.get("seasonality_mode", "additive"),
country_holidays=kwargs.get("country_holidays", None),
weekly_seasonality=kwargs.get("weekly_seasonality", 'auto'),
monthly_seasonality=kwargs.get("monthly_seasonality", False),
quarterly_seasonality=kwargs.get("quarterly_seasonality", False),
yearly_seasonality=kwargs.get("yearly_seasonality", 'auto'),
)
def mutate_params(self,
accuracy, time_tolerance, interpretability,
**kwargs):
logger = None
if self.context and self.context.experiment_id:
logger = make_experiment_logger(experiment_id=self.context.experiment_id, tmp_dir=self.context.tmp_dir,
experiment_tmp_dir=self.context.experiment_tmp_dir)
# Default version is do no mutation
# Otherwise, change self.params for this model
holiday_choice = [None, "US", "UK", "DE", "FRA"]
if accuracy >= 8:
weekly_choice = [False, 'auto', 5, 7, 10, 15]
yearly_choice = [False, 'auto', 5, 10, 15, 20, 30]
monthly_choice = [False, 3, 5, 7, 10]
quarterly_choice = [False, 3, 5, 7, 10]
elif accuracy >= 5:
weekly_choice = [False, 'auto', 10, 20]
yearly_choice = [False, 'auto', 10, 20]
monthly_choice = [False, 5]
quarterly_choice = [False, 5]
else:
# No alternative seasonality, and no seasonality override for weekly and yearly
weekly_choice = [False, 'auto']
yearly_choice = [False, 'auto']
monthly_choice = [False]
quarterly_choice = [False]
self.params["country_holidays"] = np.random.choice(holiday_choice)
self.params["seasonality_mode"] = np.random.choice(["additive", "multiplicative"])
self.params["weekly_seasonality"] = np.random.choice(weekly_choice)
self.params["monthly_seasonality"] = np.random.choice(monthly_choice)
self.params["quarterly_seasonality"] = np.random.choice(quarterly_choice)
self.params["yearly_seasonality"] = np.random.choice(yearly_choice)
self.params["growth"] = np.random.choice(["linear", "logistic"])
@staticmethod
def _fit_async(X_path, grp_hash, tmp_folder):
"""
Fits a FB Prophet model for a particular time group
:param X_path: Path to the data used to fit the FB Prophet model
:param grp_hash: Time group identifier
:return: time group identifier and path to the pickled model
"""
np.random.seed(1234)
random.seed(1234)
X = load_obj(X_path)
# Commented for performance, uncomment for debug
# print("prophet - fitting on data of shape: %s for group: %s" % (str(X.shape), grp_hash))
if X.shape[0] < 20:
# print("prophet - small data work-around for group: %s" % grp_hash)
return grp_hash, None
# Import FB Prophet package
mod = importlib.import_module('prophet')
Prophet = getattr(mod, "Prophet")
nrows = X[['ds', 'y']].shape[0]
n_changepoints = max(1, int(nrows * (2 / 3)))
if n_changepoints < 25:
model = Prophet(n_changepoints=n_changepoints)
else:
model = Prophet()
with suppress_stdout_stderr():
model.fit(X[['ds', 'y']])
model_path = os.path.join(tmp_folder, "fbprophet_model" + str(uuid.uuid4()))
save_obj(model, model_path)
remove(X_path) # remove to indicate success
return grp_hash, model_path
@staticmethod
def _get_n_jobs(logger, **kwargs):
if 'n_jobs_prophet' in config.recipe_dict:
return min(config.recipe_dict['n_jobs_prophet'], max_threads())
try:
if config.fixed_num_folds <= 0:
n_jobs = max(1, int(int(max_threads() / min(config.num_folds, kwargs['max_workers']))))
else:
n_jobs = max(1, int(
int(max_threads() / min(config.fixed_num_folds, config.num_folds, kwargs['max_workers']))))
except KeyError:
loggerinfo(logger, "Prophet No Max Worker in kwargs. Set n_jobs to 1")
n_jobs = 1
return n_jobs if n_jobs > 1 else 1
def _clean_tmp_folder(self, logger, tmp_folder):
try:
shutil.rmtree(tmp_folder)
loggerinfo(logger, "Prophet cleaned up temporary file folder.")
except:
loggerwarning(logger, "Prophet could not delete the temporary file folder.")
def _create_tmp_folder(self, logger):
# Create a temp folder to store files used during multi processing experiment
# This temp folder will be removed at the end of the process
# Set the default value without context available (required to pass acceptance test
tmp_folder = os.path.join(user_dir(), "%s_prophet_model_folder" % uuid.uuid4())
# Make a real tmp folder when experiment is available
if self.context and self.context.experiment_id:
tmp_folder = os.path.join(self.context.experiment_tmp_dir, "%s_prophet_model_folder" % uuid.uuid4())
# Now let's try to create that folder
try:
os.mkdir(tmp_folder)
except PermissionError:
# This not occur so log a warning
loggerwarning(logger, "Prophet was denied temp folder creation rights")
tmp_folder = os.path.join(user_dir(), "%s_prophet_model_folder" % uuid.uuid4())
os.mkdir(tmp_folder)
except FileExistsError:
# We should never be here since temp dir name is expected to be unique
loggerwarning(logger, "Prophet temp folder already exists")
tmp_folder = os.path.join(self.context.experiment_tmp_dir, "%s_prophet_model_folder" % uuid.uuid4())
os.mkdir(tmp_folder)
except:
# Revert to temporary file path
tmp_folder = os.path.join(user_dir(), "%s_prophet_model_folder" % uuid.uuid4())
os.mkdir(tmp_folder)
loggerinfo(logger, "Prophet temp folder {}".format(tmp_folder))
return tmp_folder
@staticmethod
def _fit_async(X_path, grp_hash, tmp_folder, params, cap):
"""
Fits a FB Prophet model for a particular time group
:param X_path: Path to the data used to fit the FB Prophet model
:param grp_hash: Time group identifier
:return: time group identifier and path to the pickled model
"""
np.random.seed(1234)
random.seed(1234)
X = load_obj(X_path)
# Commented for performance, uncomment for debug
# print("prophet - fitting on data of shape: %s for group: %s" % (str(X.shape), grp_hash))
if X.shape[0] < 20:
return grp_hash, None
# Import FB Prophet package
mod = importlib.import_module('prophet')
Prophet = getattr(mod, "Prophet")
# Fit current model and prior
nrows = X[['ds', 'y']].shape[0]
n_changepoints = max(1, int(nrows * (2 / 3)))
if n_changepoints < 25:
model = Prophet(growth=params["growth"], n_changepoints=n_changepoints)
else:
model = Prophet(growth=params["growth"])
# Add params
if params["country_holidays"] is not None:
model.add_country_holidays(country_name=params["country_holidays"])
if params["monthly_seasonality"]:
model.add_seasonality(name='monthly', period=30.5, fourier_order=params["monthly_seasonality"])
if params["quarterly_seasonality"]:
model.add_seasonality(name='quarterly', period=92, fourier_order=params["quarterly_seasonality"])
with suppress_stdout_stderr():
if params["growth"] == "logistic":
X["cap"] = cap
model.fit(X[['ds', 'y', 'cap']])
else:
model.fit(X[['ds', 'y']])
model_path = os.path.join(tmp_folder, "fbprophet_model" + str(uuid.uuid4()))
save_obj(model, model_path)
remove(X_path) # remove to indicate success
return grp_hash, model_path
def get_hash(self, key):
# Create dict key to store the min max scaler
if isinstance(key, tuple):
key = list(key)
elif isinstance(key, list):
pass
else:
# Not tuple, not list
key = [key]
grp_hash = '_'.join(map(str, key))
return grp_hash
def fit(self, X, y, sample_weight=None, eval_set=None, sample_weight_eval_set=None, **kwargs):
# Get TGC and time column
self.tgc = self.params_base.get('tgc', None)
self.time_column = self.params_base.get('time_column', None)
self.nan_value = np.mean(y)
self.cap = np.max(y) * 1.5 # TODO Don't like this we should compute a cap from average yearly growth
self.prior = np.mean(y)
if self.time_column is None:
self.time_column = self.tgc[0]
# Get the logger if it exists
logger = None
if self.context and self.context.experiment_id:
logger = make_experiment_logger(
experiment_id=self.context.experiment_id,
tmp_dir=self.context.tmp_dir,
experiment_tmp_dir=self.context.experiment_tmp_dir
)
loggerinfo(logger, "Start Fitting Prophet Model with params : {}".format(self.params))
try:
# Add value of prophet_top_n in recipe_dict variable inside of config.toml file
# eg1: recipe_dict="{'prophet_top_n': 200}"
# eg2: recipe_dict="{'prophet_top_n':10}"
self.top_n = config.recipe_dict['prophet_top_n']
except KeyError:
self.top_n = 50
loggerinfo(logger, f"Prophet will use {self.top_n} groups as well as average target data.")
# Get temporary folders for multi process communication
tmp_folder = self._create_tmp_folder(logger)
n_jobs = self._get_n_jobs(logger, **kwargs)
# Reduce X to TGC
tgc_wo_time = list(np.setdiff1d(self.tgc, self.time_column))
X = X[:, self.tgc].to_pandas()
# Fill NaNs or None
X = X.replace([None, np.nan], 0)
# Add target, Label encoder is only used for Classif. which we don't support...
if self.labels is not None:
y = LabelEncoder().fit(self.labels).transform(y)
X['y'] = np.array(y)
self.nan_value = X['y'].mean()
# Change date feature name to match Prophet requirements
X.rename(columns={self.time_column: "ds"}, inplace=True)
# Create a general scale now that will be used for unknown groups at prediction time
# Can we do smarter than that ?
general_scaler = MinMaxScaler().fit(X[['y', 'ds']].groupby('ds').median().values)
# Go through groups and standard scale them
if len(tgc_wo_time) > 0:
X_groups = X.groupby(tgc_wo_time)
else:
X_groups = [([None], X)]
scalers = {}
scaled_ys = []
print('Number of groups : ', len(X_groups))
for g in tgc_wo_time:
print(f'Number of groups in {g} groups : {X[g].unique().shape}')
for key, X_grp in X_groups:
# Create dict key to store the min max scaler
grp_hash = self.get_hash(key)
# Scale target for current group
scalers[grp_hash] = MinMaxScaler()
y_skl = scalers[grp_hash].fit_transform(X_grp[['y']].values)
# Put back in a DataFrame to keep track of original index
y_skl_df = pd.DataFrame(y_skl, columns=['y'])
y_skl_df.index = X_grp.index
scaled_ys.append(y_skl_df)
# Set target back in original frame but keep original
X['y_orig'] = X['y']
X['y'] = pd.concat(tuple(scaled_ys), axis=0)
# Now Average groups
X_avg = X[['ds', 'y']].groupby('ds').mean().reset_index()
# Send that to Prophet
mod = importlib.import_module('prophet')
Prophet = getattr(mod, "Prophet")
nrows = X[['ds', 'y']].shape[0]
n_changepoints = max(1, int(nrows * (2 / 3)))
if n_changepoints < 25:
model = Prophet(yearly_seasonality=True, weekly_seasonality=True, daily_seasonality=True,
n_changepoints=n_changepoints)
else:
model = Prophet(yearly_seasonality=True, weekly_seasonality=True, daily_seasonality=True)
if self.params["country_holidays"] is not None:
model.add_country_holidays(country_name=self.params["country_holidays"])
if self.params["monthly_seasonality"]:
model.add_seasonality(name='monthly', period=30.5, fourier_order=self.params["monthly_seasonality"])
if self.params["quarterly_seasonality"]:
model.add_seasonality(name='quarterly', period=92, fourier_order=self.params["quarterly_seasonality"])
with suppress_stdout_stderr():
model.fit(X[['ds', 'y']])
top_groups = None
if len(tgc_wo_time) > 0:
if self.top_n > 0:
top_n_grp = X.groupby(tgc_wo_time).size().sort_values().reset_index()[tgc_wo_time].iloc[
-self.top_n:].values
top_groups = [
'_'.join(map(str, key))
for key in top_n_grp
]
grp_models = {}
priors = {}
if top_groups:
# Prepare for multi processing
num_tasks = len(top_groups)
def processor(out, res):
out[res[0]] = res[1]
pool_to_use = small_job_pool
loggerinfo(logger, f"Prophet will use {n_jobs} workers for fitting.")
pool = pool_to_use(
logger=None, processor=processor,
num_tasks=num_tasks, max_workers=n_jobs
)
#
# Fit 1 FB Prophet model per time group columns
nb_groups = len(X_groups)
# Put y back to its unscaled value for top groups
X['y'] = X['y_orig']
for _i_g, (key, X) in enumerate(X_groups):
# Just log where we are in the fitting process
if (_i_g + 1) % max(1, nb_groups // 20) == 0:
loggerinfo(logger, "FB Prophet : %d%% of groups fitted" % (100 * (_i_g + 1) // nb_groups))
X_path = os.path.join(tmp_folder, "fbprophet_X" + str(uuid.uuid4()))
X = X.reset_index(drop=True)
save_obj(X, X_path)
grp_hash = self.get_hash(key)
if grp_hash not in top_groups:
continue
priors[grp_hash] = X['y'].mean()
args = (X_path, grp_hash, tmp_folder, self.params, self.cap)
kwargs = {}
pool.submit_tryget(None, MyParallelProphetTransformer_fit_async,
args=args, kwargs=kwargs, out=grp_models)
pool.finish()
for k, v in grp_models.items():
grp_models[k] = load_obj(v) if v is not None else None
remove(v)
self._clean_tmp_folder(logger, tmp_folder)
self.set_model_properties(
model={
'avg': model,
'group': grp_models,
'priors': priors,
'topgroups': top_groups,
'skl': scalers,
'gen_scaler': general_scaler
},
features=self.tgc, # Prophet uses time and timegroups
importances=np.ones(len(self.tgc)),
iterations=-1 # Does not have iterations
)
return None
@staticmethod
def _transform_async(model_path, X_path, nan_value, tmp_folder):
"""
Predicts target for a particular time group
:param model_path: path to the stored model
:param X_path: Path to the data used to fit the FB Prophet model
:param nan_value: Value of target prior, used when no fitted model has been found
:return: self
"""
model = load_obj(model_path)
XX_path = os.path.join(tmp_folder, "fbprophet_XXt" + str(uuid.uuid4()))
X = load_obj(X_path)
# Facebook Prophet returns the predictions ordered by time
# So we should keep track of the time order for each group so that
# predictions are ordered the same as the imput frame
# Keep track of the order
order = np.argsort(pd.to_datetime(X["ds"]))
if model is not None:
# Run prophet
yhat = model.predict(X)['yhat'].values
XX = pd.DataFrame(yhat, columns=['yhat'])
else:
XX = pd.DataFrame(np.full((X.shape[0], 1), nan_value), columns=['yhat']) # invalid models
XX.index = X.index[order]
assert XX.shape[1] == 1
save_obj(XX, XX_path)
remove(model_path) # indicates success, no longer need
remove(X_path) # indicates success, no longer need
return XX_path
def predict(self, X: dt.Frame, **kwargs):
"""
Uses fitted models (1 per time group) to predict the target
:param X: Datatable Frame containing the features
:return: FB Prophet predictions
"""
# Get the logger if it exists
logger = None
if self.context and self.context.experiment_id:
logger = make_experiment_logger(
experiment_id=self.context.experiment_id,
tmp_dir=self.context.tmp_dir,
experiment_tmp_dir=self.context.experiment_tmp_dir
)
if self.tgc is None or not all([x in X.names for x in self.tgc]):
loggerdebug(logger, "Return 0 predictions")
return np.ones(X.shape[0]) * self.nan_value
models, _, _, _ = self.get_model_properties()
model = models['avg']
grp_models = models['group']
priors = models['priors']
top_groups = models['topgroups']
scalers = models['skl']
general_scaler = models['gen_scaler']
tmp_folder = self._create_tmp_folder(logger)
n_jobs = self._get_n_jobs(logger, **kwargs)
# Reduce X to TGC
tgc_wo_time = list(np.setdiff1d(self.tgc, self.time_column))
X = X[:, self.tgc].to_pandas()
# Fill NaNs or None
X = X.replace([None, np.nan], 0)
# Change date feature name to match Prophet requirements
X.rename(columns={self.time_column: "ds"}, inplace=True)
if self.params["growth"] == "logistic":
X["cap"] = self.cap
# Predict y using unique dates
X_time = X[['ds']].groupby('ds').first().reset_index()
with suppress_stdout_stderr():
y_avg = model.predict(X_time)[['ds', 'yhat']]
# Prophet transforms the date column to datetime so we need to transfrom that to merge back
X_time.sort_values('ds', inplace=True)
X_time['yhat'] = y_avg['yhat']
X_time.sort_index(inplace=True)
# Merge back into original frame on 'ds'
# pd.merge wipes the index ... so keep it to provide it again
indices = X.index
X = pd.merge(
left=X,
right=X_time[['ds', 'yhat']],
on='ds',
how='left'
)
X.index = indices
# Go through groups and recover the scaled target for knowed groups
if len(tgc_wo_time) > 0:
X_groups = X.groupby(tgc_wo_time)
else:
X_groups = [([None], X)]
inverted_ys = []
for key, X_grp in X_groups:
grp_hash = self.get_hash(key)
# Scale target for current group
if grp_hash in scalers.keys():
inverted_y = scalers[grp_hash].inverse_transform(X_grp[['yhat']])
else:
inverted_y = general_scaler.inverse_transform(X_grp[['yhat']])
# Put back in a DataFrame to keep track of original index
inverted_df = pd.DataFrame(inverted_y, columns=['yhat'])
inverted_df.index = X_grp.index
inverted_ys.append(inverted_df)
XX_general = pd.concat(tuple(inverted_ys), axis=0).sort_index()
if top_groups:
# Go though the groups and predict only top
XX_paths = []
model_paths = []
def processor(out, res):
out.append(res)
num_tasks = len(top_groups)
pool_to_use = small_job_pool
pool = pool_to_use(logger=None, processor=processor, num_tasks=num_tasks, max_workers=n_jobs)
nb_groups = len(X_groups)
for _i_g, (key, X_grp) in enumerate(X_groups):
# Just log where we are in the fitting process
if (_i_g + 1) % max(1, nb_groups // 20) == 0:
loggerinfo(logger, "FB Prophet : %d%% of groups predicted" % (100 * (_i_g + 1) // nb_groups))
# Create dict key to store the min max scaler
grp_hash = self.get_hash(key)
X_path = os.path.join(tmp_folder, "fbprophet_Xt" + str(uuid.uuid4()))
if grp_hash not in top_groups:
XX = pd.DataFrame(np.full((X_grp.shape[0], 1), np.nan), columns=['yhat']) # unseen groups
XX.index = X_grp.index
save_obj(XX, X_path)
XX_paths.append(X_path)
continue
if grp_models[grp_hash] is None:
XX = pd.DataFrame(np.full((X_grp.shape[0], 1), np.nan), columns=['yhat']) # unseen groups
XX.index = X_grp.index
save_obj(XX, X_path)
XX_paths.append(X_path)
continue
model = grp_models[grp_hash]
model_path = os.path.join(tmp_folder, "fbprophet_modelt" + str(uuid.uuid4()))
save_obj(model, model_path)
save_obj(X_grp, X_path)
model_paths.append(model_path)
args = (model_path, X_path, priors[grp_hash], tmp_folder)
kwargs = {}
pool.submit_tryget(None, MyParallelProphetTransformer_transform_async, args=args, kwargs=kwargs,
out=XX_paths)
pool.finish()
XX_top_groups = pd.concat((load_obj(XX_path) for XX_path in XX_paths), axis=0).sort_index()
for p in XX_paths + model_paths:
remove(p)
self._clean_tmp_folder(logger, tmp_folder)
features_df = pd.DataFrame()
features_df['GrpAvg'] = XX_general['yhat']
if top_groups:
features_df[f'_Top{self.top_n}Grp'] = XX_top_groups['yhat']
features_df.loc[
features_df[f'_Top{self.top_n}Grp'].notnull(), 'GrpAvg'
] = features_df.loc[
features_df[f'_Top{self.top_n}Grp'].notnull(), f'_Top{self.top_n}Grp'
]
# Models have to return a numpy array
return features_df['GrpAvg'].values