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markdown-table-style.html
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Markdown 表格樣式調整與自適應優化
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<p> Markdown 寫的表格最終會被解析成 HTML 格式，如果使用的編輯器支持自定義 CSS，就能方便的調整樣式。如果可以引入 JavaScript，樣式自適應也能較好地實現。</p>
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<p></p><p data-height="300" data-theme-id="0" data-slug-hash="ONyKqb" data-default-tab="css" data-user="MOxFIVE" class="codepen">See the Pen <a href="http://codepen.io/MOxFIVE/pen/ONyKqb/" target="_blank" rel="external">Table style</a> by MOxFIVE (<a href="http://codepen.io/MOxFIVE" target="_blank" rel="external">@MOxFIVE</a>) on <a href="http://codepen.io" target="_blank" rel="external">CodePen</a>.</p><p></p>
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<h2 id="樣式調整"><a href="#樣式調整" class="headerlink" title="樣式調整"></a>樣式調整</h2><h3 id="基礎概念"><a href="#基礎概念" class="headerlink" title="基礎概念"></a>基礎概念</h3><pre><code><table>: 表格
<thead>: table header 表頭區
<th>: table headings 表頭單元格内容
<tbody>: table body 表格内容區
<tr>: table row 表行
<td>: table data 單元格内容
</code></pre><h3 id="基本樣式"><a href="#基本樣式" class="headerlink" title="基本樣式"></a>基本樣式</h3><figure class="highlight css"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="selector-tag">table</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attribute">width</span>: <span class="number">100%</span>; <span class="comment">/*表格寬度*/</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attribute">max-width</span>: <span class="number">65em</span>; <span class="comment">/*表格最大寬度，避免表格過寬*/</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attribute">border</span>: <span class="number">1px</span> solid <span class="number">#dedede</span>; <span class="comment">/*表格外邊框設置*/</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attribute">margin</span>: <span class="number">15px</span> auto; <span class="comment">/*外邊距*/</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attribute">border-collapse</span>: collapse; <span class="comment">/*使用單一線條的邊框*/</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attribute">empty-cells</span>: show; <span class="comment">/*單元格無内容依舊繪製邊框*/</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="selector-tag">table</span> <span class="selector-tag">th</span>,</span><br><span class="line"><span class="selector-tag">table</span> <span class="selector-tag">td</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attribute">height</span>: <span class="number">35px</span>; <span class="comment">/*統一每一行的默認高度*/</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attribute">border</span>: <span class="number">1px</span> solid <span class="number">#dedede</span>; <span class="comment">/*内部邊框樣式*/</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attribute">padding</span>: <span class="number">0</span> <span class="number">10px</span>; <span class="comment">/*内邊距*/</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="表頭樣式"><a href="#表頭樣式" class="headerlink" title="表頭樣式"></a>表頭樣式</h3><figure class="highlight css"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="selector-tag">table</span> <span class="selector-tag">th</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attribute">font-weight</span>: bold; <span class="comment">/*加粗*/</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attribute">text-align</span>: center <span class="meta">!important</span>; <span class="comment">/*内容居中，加上 !important 避免被 Markdown 樣式覆蓋*/</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attribute">background</span>: <span class="built_in">rgba</span>(158,188,226,0.2); <span class="comment">/*背景色*/</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="隔行變色"><a href="#隔行變色" class="headerlink" title="隔行變色"></a>隔行變色</h3><ul>
<li>使用選擇器選取復數行設置背景色。一般 Markdown 表格編譯後都有 <code><tbody></code> 包裹内容，那下面就相當於從表格第二行開始技術</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight css"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="selector-tag">table</span> <span class="selector-tag">tbody</span> <span class="selector-tag">tr</span><span class="selector-pseudo">:nth-child(2n)</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attribute">background</span>: <span class="built_in">rgba</span>(158,188,226,0.12);</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="懸浮變色"><a href="#懸浮變色" class="headerlink" title="懸浮變色"></a>懸浮變色</h3><ul>
<li>滑鼠懸浮時該行改變背景色</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight css"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="selector-tag">table</span> <span class="selector-tag">tr</span><span class="selector-pseudo">:hover</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attribute">background</span>: <span class="number">#efefef</span>;</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="自適應優化"><a href="#自適應優化" class="headerlink" title="自適應優化"></a>自適應優化</h2><p>表格用 Markdown 書寫，編輯器解析，因而只能在已經生成好的程式碼上進行自適應優化。</p>
<h3 id="表頭不換行"><a href="#表頭不換行" class="headerlink" title="表頭不換行"></a>表頭不換行</h3><ul>
<li>設置表頭單元格内容不換行，這樣可以通過表頭控制該列的最小寬度，避免瀏覽器視窗缩小時内容被壓縮得太緊</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight css"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="selector-tag">table</span> <span class="selector-tag">th</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attribute">white-space</span>: nowrap; <span class="comment">/*表頭内容強制在一行顯示*/</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="首列不換行"><a href="#首列不換行" class="headerlink" title="首列不換行"></a>首列不換行</h3><ul>
<li>表格第一列單元格内容不換行，多數情况下表格首列不應該被壓縮換行</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight css"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="selector-tag">table</span> <span class="selector-tag">td</span><span class="selector-pseudo">:nth-child(1)</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attribute">white-space</span>: nowrap;</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="表格滾動條"><a href="#表格滾動條" class="headerlink" title="表格滾動條"></a>表格滾動條</h3><ul>
<li>添加 JavaScript 代碼，用一個 <code><div></code> 把表格包裹起来，父元素寬度不足時顯示横向滾動條，避免表格撑破布局</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[].slice.call(<span class="built_in">document</span>.querySelectorAll(<span class="string">'table'</span>)).forEach(<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">el</span>)</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">var</span> wrapper = <span class="built_in">document</span>.createElement(<span class="string">'div'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> wrapper.className = <span class="string">'table-area'</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> el.parentNode.insertBefore(wrapper, el);</span><br><span class="line"> el.parentNode.removeChild(el);</span><br><span class="line"> wrapper.appendChild(el);</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>jQuery</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$(<span class="string">"table"</span>).wrap(<span class="string">"<div class='table-area'></div>"</span>);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>同时添加如下 CSS</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight css"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="selector-class">.table-area</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attribute">overflow</span>: auto;</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>To be added</li>
</ul>
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<p><span>本文標題:</span><a href="/markdown-table-style.html">Markdown 表格樣式調整與自適應優化</a></p>
<p><span>文章作者:</span><a href="/" title="回到主頁">Tin</a></p>
<p><span>發布時間:</span>2017-11-15, 20:39:17</p>
<p><span>最後更新:</span>2017-11-15, 18:09:40</p>
<p>
<span>原始連結:</span><a class="post-url" href="/markdown-table-style.html" title="Markdown 表格樣式調整與自適應優化">http://s2339956.github.io/markdown-table-style.html</a>
<span class="copy-path" data-clipboard-text="原文: http://s2339956.github.io/markdown-table-style.html 作者: Tin" title="點擊複製文章連結"><i class="fa fa-clipboard"></i></span>
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<ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#樣式調整"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">樣式調整</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#基礎概念"><span class="toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">基礎概念</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#基本樣式"><span class="toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">基本樣式</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#表頭樣式"><span class="toc-number">1.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">表頭樣式</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#隔行變色"><span class="toc-number">1.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">隔行變色</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#懸浮變色"><span class="toc-number">1.5.</span> <span class="toc-text">懸浮變色</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#自適應優化"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">自適應優化</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#表頭不換行"><span class="toc-number">2.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">表頭不換行</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#首列不換行"><span class="toc-number">2.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">首列不換行</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#表格滾動條"><span class="toc-number">2.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">表格滾動條</span></a></li></ol></li></ol>
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