This is an example for how to build a teeny, tiny Docker image for your golang programs.
This example is an web server that prints Hello World and ends up in a 4.7MB Docker image.
Clone it into $GOPATH/src/github.com/gerald525.
And be sure you have godep installed to vendor dependencies. Install it with go get github.com/tools/godep.
We only have one dependency, so let's get it and vendor it:
go get github.com/gorilla/mux
godep save -r
We want this to be static because we're running it inside a container with nothing in it, so this command is a bit long, but just copy and paste it into your console.
docker run --rm -it -v "$GOPATH":/gopath -v "$(pwd)":/app -e "GOPATH=/gopath" -w /app golang:1.4.2 sh -c 'CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -a --installsuffix cgo --ldflags="-s" -o hello'
The Dockerfile in this repo will take care of this, it's really simple (take a look). It's based off an image that is just the Docker scratch image + certificate files to support SSL so it's as small as it can be.
docker build -t treeder/go-hello-http .
Now that we built the image, let's run it.
docker run --rm -it -p 8080:8080 treeder/go-hello-http
Surf to: http://localhost:8080/
Boom.
If you want to cross compile a Go program to a bunch of different platforms, see this: https://medium.com/iron-io-blog/how-to-cross-compile-go-programs-using-docker-beaa102a316d.