From d996d68b0c945c306351ae49265ffea78031a4ff Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: GitHub Actions Date: Mon, 1 Apr 2024 22:48:14 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] differences for PR #39 --- clean-data.md | 73 +++++++ config.yaml | 8 +- describe-cases.md | 136 +++++++++++++ ...cribe-cases-rendered-unnamed-chunk-3-1.png | Bin 0 -> 5687 bytes ...cribe-cases-rendered-unnamed-chunk-4-1.png | Bin 0 -> 7184 bytes ...le-analysis-rendered-unnamed-chunk-1-1.png | Bin 0 -> 21079 bytes ...le-analysis-rendered-unnamed-chunk-2-1.png | Bin 0 -> 20476 bytes ...le-analysis-rendered-unnamed-chunk-5-1.png | Bin 0 -> 22930 bytes ...le-analysis-rendered-unnamed-chunk-6-1.png | Bin 0 -> 20947 bytes md5sum.txt | 6 +- read-cases.md | 132 +++++++++++++ simple-analysis.md | 180 ++++++++++++++++++ 12 files changed, 530 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) create mode 100644 clean-data.md create mode 100644 describe-cases.md create mode 100644 fig/describe-cases-rendered-unnamed-chunk-3-1.png create mode 100644 fig/describe-cases-rendered-unnamed-chunk-4-1.png create mode 100644 fig/simple-analysis-rendered-unnamed-chunk-1-1.png create mode 100644 fig/simple-analysis-rendered-unnamed-chunk-2-1.png create mode 100644 fig/simple-analysis-rendered-unnamed-chunk-5-1.png create mode 100644 fig/simple-analysis-rendered-unnamed-chunk-6-1.png create mode 100644 read-cases.md create mode 100644 simple-analysis.md diff --git a/clean-data.md b/clean-data.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..2193910b --- /dev/null +++ b/clean-data.md @@ -0,0 +1,73 @@ +--- +title: 'Clean outbreaks data' +teaching: 10 +exercises: 2 +--- + +:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: questions + +- How to clean and standardize case data? +- How to convert raw dataset into a `linelist` object? + +:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: + +::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: objectives + +- Explain how clean, curate, and standardize case data using `{cleanepi}` package +- Demonstrate how to covert case data to a `linelist` object + +:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: + +## Introduction +In the process of analyzing outbreak data, it's essential to ensure that the dataset is clean, curated, standardized, and validate to facilitate accurate and reproducible analysis. This episode focuses on cleaning epidemics and outbreaks data using the [cleanepi](https://epiverse-trace.github.io/cleanepi/) package, and validate it using the [linelist](https://epiverse-trace.github.io/linelist/) package. For demonstration purposes, we'll work with a simulated dataset of Ebola cases. + + +The first step is to import the dataset following the guidelines outlined in the [Read case data](../episodes/read-cases.Rmd) episode. This involves loading the dataset into our environment and view its structure and content. + + +```r +requireNamespace("rio", quietly = TRUE) +sim_ebola_data <- rio::import(file.path("data", "simulated_ebola.csv", + fsep = "/")) +utils::head(sim_ebola_data, 5) +``` + +```{.output} + case id age gender status date onset date sample district cheifdom +1 14905 90 1 confirmed 03/15/2015 06/04/2015 M D +2 13043 twenty-five 2 Sep /11/Y 03/01/2014 W X +3 14364 54 f 09/02/2014 03/03/2015 N M +4 14675 ninety 10/19/2014 31/ 12 /14 D W +5 12648 74 F 08/06/2014 10/10/2016 V Y + age_cat +1 65+ +2 twenty-five +3 25-64 +4 ninety +5 65+ +``` + +## Quick inspection +Quick exploration and inspection of the dataset are crucial before diving into any analysis tasks. The `{cleanepi}` package simplifies this process with the `scan_data()` function. Let's take a look at how you can use it: + + +```r +requireNamespace("cleanepi", quietly = TRUE) +cleanepi::scan_data(sim_ebola_data) +``` + +```{.output} + Field_names missing numeric date character logical +1 case id 0.000000 1.0000 0.000000 0.000000 0 +2 age 0.064600 0.8348 0.000000 0.100600 0 +3 gender 0.157867 0.0472 0.000000 0.794933 0 +4 status 0.053533 0.0000 0.000000 0.946467 0 +5 date onset 0.000067 0.0000 0.915733 0.084200 0 +6 date sample 0.000133 0.0000 0.999867 0.000000 0 +7 district 0.000000 0.0000 0.000000 1.000000 0 +8 cheifdom 0.000000 0.0000 0.000000 1.000000 0 +9 age_cat 0.064600 0.0000 0.000000 0.935400 0 +``` + + +The results provides a summary of each column, including column names, data types, number of missing values, and summary statistics for numerical columns. diff --git a/config.yaml b/config.yaml index cab81e68..699db0e5 100644 --- a/config.yaml +++ b/config.yaml @@ -59,10 +59,10 @@ contact: 'andree.valle-campos@lshtm.ac.uk' # Order of episodes in your lesson episodes: -#- read-cases.Rmd -#- clean-data.Rmd -#- describe-cases.Rmd -#- simple-analysis.Rmd +- read-cases.Rmd +- clean-data.Rmd +- describe-cases.Rmd +- simple-analysis.Rmd - delays-reuse.Rmd - delays-functions.Rmd diff --git a/describe-cases.md b/describe-cases.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..4b8e7025 --- /dev/null +++ b/describe-cases.md @@ -0,0 +1,136 @@ +--- +title: 'Aggregate and visulaize' +teaching: 10 +exercises: 2 +--- + +:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: questions + +- How to aggregate case data? +- How to visualize aggregated data? +- What is distribution of cases in time, place, gender, age? + +:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: + +::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: objectives + +- Convert case data to incidence +- Create epidemic curves from incidence data +- Estimate the growth rate from incidence curves +- Create quick descriptive and comparison tables + +:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: + +## Introduction + +A comprehensive description of data is pivotal for conducting insightful explanatory and exploratory analyses. This episode focuses on describing and visualizing epidemic data. The examples are built around the **Covid-19 case data from England** dataset that contained in the [outbreaks](http://www.reconverse.org/outbreaks/) package. The first setp is to read this dataset, and we recommend utilizing the [readr](../links.md#readr) package for this purpose (or employing alternative methods as outlined in the [Read case data](../episodes/read-cases.Rmd) episode. + + +```r +requireNamespace("outbreaks", quietly = TRUE) +covid19_eng_case_data <- outbreaks::covid19_england_nhscalls_2020 +utils::head(covid19_eng_case_data, 5) +``` + +```{.output} + site_type date sex age ccg_code +1 111 2020-03-18 female missing e38000062 +2 111 2020-03-18 female missing e38000163 +3 111 2020-03-18 female 0-18 e38000001 +4 111 2020-03-18 female 0-18 e38000002 +5 111 2020-03-18 female 0-18 e38000004 + ccg_name count postcode +1 nhs_gloucestershire_ccg 1 gl34fe +2 nhs_south_tyneside_ccg 1 ne325nn +3 nhs_airedale_wharfedale_and_craven_ccg 8 bd57jr +4 nhs_ashford_ccg 7 tn254ab +5 nhs_barking_and_dagenham_ccg 35 rm13ae + nhs_region day weekday +1 South West 0 rest_of_week +2 North East and Yorkshire 0 rest_of_week +3 North East and Yorkshire 0 rest_of_week +4 South East 0 rest_of_week +5 London 0 rest_of_week +``` + +## Incidence data + +Downstream analysis involves working with aggregated data rather than individual cases. This requires aggregating case data and creating incidence data. The [incidence2]((https://www.reconverse.org/incidence2/articles/incidence2.html){.external target="_blank"}) package offers an essential function, called `incidence`, for grouping case data, usually centered around dated events and/or other factors. The code chunk provided below demonstrates the creation of an `incidence2` object from the `covid19_eng_case_data` based on the date of samples. + + +```r +requireNamespace("incidence2", quietly = TRUE) +covid19_eng_incidence_data <- incidence2::incidence( + covid19_eng_case_data, + date_index = "date" +) +utils::head(covid19_eng_incidence_data, 5) +``` + +```{.output} +# incidence: 5 x 3 +# count vars: date + date_index count_variable count +* +1 2020-03-18 date 2579 +2 2020-03-19 date 2602 +3 2020-03-20 date 2615 +4 2020-03-21 date 2588 +5 2020-03-22 date 2603 +``` + +The `incidence2` object can be visualized using the `plot()` function from base R package. + + +```r +base::plot(covid19_eng_incidence_data) +``` + + + +Moreover, `{incidence2}` has other functions that allow for aggregating case data based on a dated event and other factors such as the individual gender, the sampling location, etc. In the example below, we calculate weekly counts of Covid-19 cases in England grouping them by `sex` type. + + +```r +weekly_covid19_eng_incidence <- incidence2::incidence( + covid19_eng_case_data, + date_index = "date", + interval = "week", + groups = "sex" +) +base::plot(weekly_covid19_eng_incidence, angle = 45) +``` + + + + + +::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: challenge + +## Challenge 1: Can you do it? + + - Using the above `covid91_eng_case_data` dataset, produce monthly epi-curves for Covid-19 cases in England based on regional places in England? + +:::::::::::::::::::::::: solution + + +```r +monthly_covid19_eng_incidence <- incidence2::incidence( + covid19_eng_case_data, + date_index = "date", + interval = "month", + groups = "sex" +) +base::plot(monthly_covid19_eng_incidence, angle = 45) +``` + +::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: + +:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: + + +::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: keypoints + +- Use `{incidence2}` to aggregate case data based on a date event. +:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: + diff --git a/fig/describe-cases-rendered-unnamed-chunk-3-1.png b/fig/describe-cases-rendered-unnamed-chunk-3-1.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5dbdf3f711f487e405f7905c2f773d995e058d72 GIT binary patch literal 5687 zcmeHLdpOkVw;v|=Tf5o`o7u8+>HJC&Q!%Dep%O)|p^_*xMVOeIdpD^hXH&s+==8eGnm}@y3QD5=J!>*z0Y(0J(u4(&vV}A{XWn4dDr({YrX68S?m4Yv_Ed8 zB(E+Hfk2dOtPh@qKqUC9k1P~ixxc7l3xP(H)B)#z{ zI5L`!Wj5P_Bdf*E&hEsC6DLoebZ~HRbaZrba&mTdc5!iWb#--fb8~lhKYjYNhlhu! zr>B>f*ST}&yuH1Be0(lkxZvyS>*wcp>Cz>CfB%4hfWW}O%a<>sP^ha{uLcJPU%PfK zBqSs>G&C$M42?!#zkWSDJRF0;V6j*n4u{9%2?Ro9WMouSRCIK7OiWB{Y;0UyTzq`| zjT<*^-n@D1)~(yOZ{N9dCm|u>?%lhIiHY~_-MfGP{(}b(l9G}hK75#*oc!p~qm-1C z$B!SUrlvl5@`OkvrlqB&r>AFRWMpP$W@Tk%XJ?XeE-Wm3^X5%aQBiSm@!Pj=OG-*gOG_yf%DZ>(%FD|uDk`W{YGq|5 zjYgx>=?n&=s;a8Gx|+#kzJLF|rlzL0w)W%4k9Bo*_4V})4GoQrjm^!?EiEl=ZEfxC z?HwH*ot>RsU0vPX-90@$y}iACeSQ7?{VW!X&1Me_3=9qq4h;=)x!mF5;gOM%(b3Vd zv9a;-@rj9v$;rv7sj2DdX#fCbW@ct*XXobT=I7@Z78Vv47kNA$pU+=fS`r8Z%gf6` zp>SnoMI;i5#o`U2M%G}o$z8E_4TeAz)~!AgZGAW)1hPKL=HPxublPNZLgwku9<^8B z=RRsPbAL8D zI2WaoEW4#bySuNu?|djv=-SlOfZz$gHKZB)e(O(9t<0Pr|8SnyJ1v|-4fiQt{P<1U zRz6iDyb>~MOEC2NG0(A84D<%4PFSAZ+#&m`E=(1Xy@)bd$uktWQq70 zMj%U}?H)#~!E~rI+#?{cJ!{bG*@p-eb%vgV=bHaoQk@D8{ch3DgwZ3>{}syrsLdck z42wd6xNeLzru}so|8oaYqQ9v;2HweJZbSf~ovIkkvPI^VCzmA9W*-P-oH8|iK?ao- z$@4)}!S_L@Kb6O#6ak|jnx9|Gj*pL|K&d4%zpRtzhW#D5?? zP-fSvrZ@cKGHp=*GX z9P!>A+o28>IFWmG*g2h$zYi}-{S2{?12!`vp8h|{@LysLf2>dQNJea1KQ?h&uF7YH z`bkMx$zeQ`zGR8zmw5Zm7Z10^k4bSuBNN?n=$w-6(`DwOySPDnfqiP|!r0KQq_!in zxF+m_k8KCC>@$=%I5{2Q28uUxvTrAv)McBLOFBfbtiK81WmU?n=d$BFy z*O+lKh9-3z@lO!3^G3)FKPlv#HMenre-S&sFrOX1zs#e5ET?m1nj+AtusTem6r!#L zZNcVw+Fw@X=a~pJXg>c5P#<$eN_+P%Kbek7oBGmm0Oav-4H3abH?~HuV&!|{r)GAB#uks{G z12(H7)^oKaU?tK(rxwHNe}KeQq<@v6X^*SZJfSojdFkn8e-nbLS^x-t8j@5nC!-Y% z1q}GJ-2js$mQHv3(+cMc*+lbJd0_MS8eFXt2rVGYoZrDomz%7L5Px-KlN7Zu{_cMw zsM;0uj2f_6Dw@{@MM+X+fed|Ko*vNj`%k((|0}8oI(-zzbhic#Vz8CE$x#91t!bet zNwxk4tnW&1@MKLjmj)*2b&-6g^vZQgUF?!ml7<_0HC!_`9xrq8&~bE0li%>l ze~pnwL5zljLS%LC)9JB+Bt%ro1%{Q1YXq9B6#_W10H;QG?8LqOD`6N_pivLPx_6F2 z7C}MHE)w9b&cNuqjX#|7-O-D-QA+IKNZuD!C{47WqD_j&nQ{G4vfzEMns7KD`A);7-gXFgc1Tw>+X^ok}@t_np2g;SL6jH z5-6y30Ygw0U(fLpK=MqCqX@cvl_ywq7T$`hxAu|4HH+4XiAF;QdWiapSTcoS@?KJ4cls zGOa3-;CH%`0Xk*wWv&H2Q+&4`F^1%Sn`aPrF;J!|q@3OyTnuWFD~W1@i0kTmgl(i% zL3v0{{(VE=mmEW8z_GI&nBaX19rKC#w+^uCafgUnPr2To&Jg@U3u1nX1o!$e*zWDB z8*yU8iz^CvE$Vt5D3<1tRf04Qy_)% z*r2A*AG+;-znV#YQSS5ndj*%4q804{bo(PloPYr`2eOJ5N)QZbl_>KoZv3vUSC%H5 z6es4P3B1E)R?$i*&rR&gRk(5@P$a47G6H-Q%6HQNK0v`blPu)q6D7Z=q?3*!vUlFc z2u$M^4p)(-ssd)iUwb5IliCZmkw1Egoml{rIe^@93QDzc0xSe2QLuGKZ={d?lAFZ3xPwJjx3p|C4+u)SuGK_*jwzMDA3c{# ziCX~{mT&mNtM%3sK@JmaXK$Rr7Eg>JhJ-wy(e|oa3v<%%jRBxrNkH)t^WT8Zti9AS zD`v0;2f_MPj%p)jREVGYL1{}`{wj1~Z$bU72p*y|%>v>TPr<=KOW~6JO#0{{qy_K; z{1VCVB6i{qZt=9hemDQCj3&dq`PXP^i08PxkZ&ePupEu<%+WA4N58Zwea*UI*o-Ml zfOYImFpNQ8?N!ZR6f*jZ1?$vj2XFo^YzMzpa3&uw*lj>sBkF?dBL~BF8N9|teoLC| zxW%W2cBhdnl=rA=5G{+^t~rRgM@r*7caHl~|E;uWNUVkzzO@j93+xe2mxB?s&%_&H zgZ1uMW)B&iA7+JSjrr#WPPN|a?H_AS>@}GktERQqCC^Ln{m?VFW5X-x9QPM3fLW=c znG=K3B#1{LsCCq{A1>g}Np3*-%cqpq|5mY(&U$62lMWkz}k$XP}tYneZi`n*P{j==L zY~Ho5sJnNbO9+h%=+n|yd@kku8Z%kv$DcW*XMDS7rMrBa{THpRih**rvUl@#N&6(2 z#s#R!Cs->Kd>O!)Q-c!G`OWAA8YW-HLi~TsBLC~1co{?bU>bFzd_22Y#MjWOJT#2{_2HLd<_gqN~C$NSeL0D&Gv1MQ~v~ZE^XIF zw8FRd%97p~!Q8yJMw=W73{Vd^mI959-NO1@${JH$OgLWPh&(xU2)s;f(&z80M@U*+ zQeu-3gv8&zw{ENXleC(kdjEM+(INoez3tvv8Aa4e#@5a3J1fl3j)Dy9=xHChF0T6N2L9aVTya?RN+2_HIcQ(n}TX%72_bR%Y?*F zH-r0*qwz-3CY~03lQAkqJ0iHx72`02m5Omg%65WX4AouTRbJi3<-XYh%}1kFUop+x zm&o=yy-&@Pw=#jRu!K8QSlZf6ML}n-HDjFpspdwrwXDg|gxiTY@1aW+%NJVxxlUiz z+BSDr{kX`Cg}Jqn>sE+S=|bv6~}D9-qF^XMtQ;OwVu?sjNVz8BK|vUgP2 z$5s?#siUNzvqcb#4;)sQQ8rkq`{MPF5VN6F2LUiQsdVv)B8PmZ(nG9#bgngw7E~k{ z>{gwJ?p=De@F+vh!9h@_%3LqBREBklJ8IT8uc-_YAJOo-f&bWAEcimdX7=ovu3k^X z{wI27{8XzK-<5ebjs$;pu~wd%#&0W~w?)r+U$^hfr_3xOU0!?ayHv3bJzngk84JdallR9iSN((O5pJDJ(r*N&aD*5<%o z>We$8qBA|(G@LoLqFt4ak#v$Io$mC~>-wZ6y)(yl?x;3LJkuUNm8)zKo+;vG@~2`| z#)IM8M#y-2s6iz8)FtPQ7U7&GW@X>*cT|(hn@*@2Kt!4ah{BbQh$zhnS2~Cw9i&NDDG?C}5Fmm`7m+SaQ9x?wH9!C< zQbeVMB9Ks(8cHP8>=(Shdw0+7*|U4j{;_k;_nk>H^Ul2Od7qg?+|kuwft-baKp++^ zO;rOB2u!9v$7q3X;(oE-27zdD@8}q*v9Pe5Jb99fi|g#!v%I{#P$=}mg$n`#0)m2q z!otELA|j%qqLPx5moHzIl9IY|<%+bl^wq0ZWn^SzWo6~$YCW%S(wTIOdR zpk?*n2HKl1y1Kf0dU|*6+|k$9H!v_TG&D3aGBP$cHZd_VH8nLeGcz|gzkBztg@uKs zrKOdXm9@3Cjg8H{d-rT@ZSCyr?CtFx92^`S9i5zxVpN! zxw*N!yTjq|M~@zPcz8U1{Mgge^U0GZUS3|_-rhbwJ_rQD*Vot2&(GiAABjW;1Ox;I z1_lKMp-`x&PoD+{2Zw}&JbU&mG&J=2^XFkh$lao_YQc_b>U%!5xmX?;Do}QVRnU$6G=FOY8 zZ{KETXTN**?*04sIXOAGxw(0Hc^^J}$j{F&C@3f_EG#N2DlRTADJemt(WRxOWo2dM z<>eI>6_u5hRaI5h)zvjMHMO<1b#-<1_4N%64Hyijv9YnKsj0cS8H>fXw6wIgwzjpk zef;>by}iAoqocF4v#YD?)2C0}-Q7JsJ-xlXeSLkOKY#A;@Bi}U%h#`8zkT~QFfcGU zI5;#kG(0?v!{J6oMn*?R$HvCS$H%{a|2{D>F*!LoH8q9D;|T=9^z`)1%*^cU?A+Yk z{QUgF!orUqKYsrFxwyEvw6wImyu7lqvbwsuwzftj64%$)H#RmlH#fJown!w>uV25m zx3|e;^3KlA?(Xj1-roNH{=vb);o%{LLg~BPC<6rU@kg5Go*)p@De43MHW9cF0-ZUj zrFzo{k-jpqXP+>X!SD#zXzpTxTOB5uc=f!fkh*2)J!De$c%5Nd`Ku_M<;l>KnzYAT zgu^)#3e32kKGHhRMMKB=2d5-fcOsHxAnw^LH2e54K4Y_Kq1WGOa(nOd#rQhKe%6`m zo4xXz8Jkk}oy*;h%=w=zO%}l~ztIt|oyFqrgKXY?q7O8@wKM0bID*T`Y~{}wi(3&P zo#v8Hklu%wjyjquL6<{tw{C>V_f!d37%xio%Hts92xh#{RaCz`Dr*E}?SKzM=PC`3 z$!D@u>41>n+-Z^1$fxsKxg*4eg)}}Iq)h%3av0kG!D3NZe^F{3u_=eOve^gM>)&7P zeS#R)QQ`6w&jjP_mm`?MA4!bXJE_kEF;{x?rIn}Kq^IwG8DxcfdL0f{AsCvo7CyH> zpV}EI=eFz#nyBt2tu^N5@qC|qJvlIzf8%PV6%(BeJ|6)APgQ>;O`$8RCp|115PtD4 zbGv&}8JpO;hPyilFrQ0``^(qYD5Le&Cvd#9&Xkp|B43?ky!*Z`q9u%CI@|~|%4_rSSG#^m%uxi*@=Dd+erzF*~O-`pJN3i^DdL#DzU|z>$ zZ{9$!{DsR49tX}jgZ3#EH+;zL{83!uGT&;uYIP;J*xOrOBh}0AtcmZ>H6Tk_q4C?? zrwX}bPPNmNnu;`HtWlaW%(U!{KNcJ;_Ng}l$t}_&`;S*W3Qz5{nl}8=#6{G z!CJmwB5F^1Yxy?B)Ku&Em`|#~R5{8@?=t^TTGyBjAf+yP$*FU^mD8tVjA&JIu#8np zY?XDjjP2NJd!^9<6Hu2ga$hm|y!NWT%EI^C%law}5r#xJLo>U@Y7z0aewQG6m_BIo z7~U6zW+Yxgaic*9EG-`q#R#K?;Rl$G`pzguj0tG6mI2c)itPbev*IiM^8~ajnSn3x zZyDTdit?xN@#8d;7~bE*SrOPMkTnC*?$KWh{3BkH9%-SfH^Lqq3u@aiQ+)3Mv_l;lnz!VK+g5A-KU9W_&vyFv!uAJno}jKZq4k48nM@073wruAp$V zWN{hCM?aJmS)(Cd8KTb`v2)zN1D{4;-y8WA zxFR@b1+vZ^!*4?!{WBj-$bCP&cy6R%;&L@XNXdMjeVvRv!56qf67dkjJtXus5*>`U zNbA0OEAb(|(Jclhz6RB&O$mZbS$8WR3e^oiOiUj8e9KLPyGcB9P{rHlCDC3lMk+RJ zef26~0zmN{qi$#MF3s%&o{Hodh?943&pHy$@Q%=361!;si_eDOe>icBvKyU%G! zdAY&V{SSpMAPg6Fi5hey zkYW_*KSV9^Vq1+`<)FOK&>4^C0-v72I=nujEg2i@xWG{34?g>yu^TN6Cw_zs$@6qO zi0Cn&9N+2U*W|D+AU=y;dUUVY+hJt`T;r#+c;d-hOU9w%A(a!)Bl!O;ryE{ij?F@3 zp52dN{9jm%7I6dB&yQLF192`%g8(#XIm#*^di5lM1i{i~f}30kRg6`pAf#8DUeY&e z{2ygs6oZX3GXvRyiaO@+%L(xzU_jH4OTVG$_f$S2Gx5`rL{lk@_bQ4JIf``wQ*o(6 zQ;07ff90C#nf-{m+qb#j^+~v> z$DAWsffQ30gOvu;YDY&qtGCa|E;fLWKw>p7qz=clt=N=5E$(2khxevd@V{v%q|BbT zyR>ytQ4bq#T9?ZNH)+?8LB6qIc6t#IH`1bkIbn|IYK2?w1-MjJxW=>A8frUoS_$J6 zgJeR(gbi3n$8Way!(2637Xk-rZI>cG3f!Di(BT4S zAIsrb;~l_H4Ko({C=4*33~j4F&BOdG0=I4$Dr;xiX&9Me@NBHA!cqwONX*e_VvN@m z;^k7a@m|wN1g6bqQXP}8ra3WO$kC!HL?85b(meQnKeSJykuNIN?_iS;N=hW^Q%1iH z^_3xd3SLOfs0VPP^m6O*pAu-1DjA0E-Q`b@0PuG#=5^!qHq(Nfs)4)$Pkq6se1C~C z6(OPn*2)V@>K84hoT~Fh5oH>-fIp2Pu&D1otKa35{f=>gVR~LI6-2nK`$*~2Q3fK+ zm?3Cpa3|vOI4Bbky5^Wli^voW2{Jn9S7rkSC$>!a?Zn7VA*Cx=@V*7ihhL=loX%l4 zjn3?wWSXYBf%**{iL8obe6-k_9k3fq&L%V1(b#4_N?7R?}k)IPm`aZ|8?JQUVG%6zeS9T7@Rl#w_TmvzrNF(N=r>6}Kme zETnS$64*wUXex9NG?Mov>+hH4Gp|WKWJ13lg}eN@w#6lcj#!W3**Xj8%FM zl-bEFSzU1FcV$_iMRP9xU5C!mkc&;c2s~GcT|PMT@YT^@QF0U zv3n>z1|mulN}gQ@3JdIF7+RWv7IO+HZ-K1@78?KoFQVX45AqAsjGRB_TjJ!yUGnO_ zY(sYJ)M>iCy83N2VUqW%5=}6k39K?-#27s9(8{HobK8Mz!c%(B$&|bUA9xv74@KTf zqvA{IYIvDww)@J9vpCzMcq}bfSk#Y=5Di|ewk8!n%j`K5c#x7*33Z(lYEo=aZW!8* zWbBAmO;|D$URU1mO;TFF>!D4FSQ}vMSrD2u3I_*!*j=FjMWUd@d+=OHj4G~BLq=x) zjEsquL5+9pX`ISYwFpU$USf+i_?YMx)~L;9Ttmu-&l!Xw2lL>@)=-iN(Rfc^DUNve zEryF)lovyAkb?pM;hhsf@G%H+euf@~?+a~upfWbarfWw}9n<~1=8`spqzog54eLUI z6Nkk>a4$hlX7mI-0FuQuG?*P7QQk?iO#n&{Vtf%}5`Oy}2u;Z`Apq6m8Ay@|oA&wr z6+$r+mgxevhlZFdO$AC;#5fJHJDv)UoBF^TC@yKHV1N%~gOKx7xK}<#EC*qJ>Kp;+ zWHku0@duSvAUUXT%14|xrqT;xP?kIZyqJ?T7;z9>f&GY5)kuKQu;Wxvgwg|=0g>R# zNv&)Utn&$g;Qeb)bi_mu6yZHovHtHF1ps_7eIteapRuEGU7p3;mMhEl<9k(9h|Clg z$)OHo(+BEZmt zdAQ&HNBJEFrd`~9p;4|=9*ioV=x95IDU!X&n zgC?H{9@TTW1<2a>6g5*6A%J2)9&8>RJ2+7NJOF4}9|K!+p=2|TQ%7LOxlpE=bX2Ml zOM}2lV`(Qb5GtFd$4di1j^b8ECDY??I|IJ~IaE!LPZR=j2(|DIKtg~%$f9WgqNN5V z_fnZ+=t;aI7%`A~M87d^V8oo(5vB?QZ-9056@nyb5&EG2a?3{2$VTK@T1@^2Me;1W z5N%Tuq1_W~6HjDeiBB+|qldb=n@bloF=5%;Yw^B|J&-_W==dZn*A7(`Cy zYdW|kQ<_+|nkZ)ayy~C4>S~SiY0+5UhRz9`;5iu*W8Y8|rRDIJnQH?*#M-~uC2pDu zu#!e)zNW0&bH{#;rhYnMjt1$DFjI9Ps?-!|HqFpwMbzzY)4kD*IS_ z1izdnM<5CMQ9p;6pVethlzcQTQK;}l1-m)O3}7wbVpb|_{r3bs>Iet_I;Z_TVTh)= z(zO3+Mx**K=+zQ`Z;^KEoFBR(gF_AZ*-^s3R`jE|y~w1ELuw`sePG(j;$)Y>H-ap)~x!euXqxdRE$cLA=|7vRQPNSTl@Zms#Jr9#Niv> z(X6?H2c6NYy=Ueklme#eiAN~%y5jo|?b)y({zwQ@r8KIW_T=k}4Pv~ar>7uEG;_iQub z_3RYSVBy@13k!Cx-KMG@QB%9?Be&`H+k-B8D+CGYBVldREl7NvsOC*VM6<>%OtvQ4 zusXyX-9>wdq=b8wQNHRgWuF#{+){A7ZdM}pI85nrkbeb<3AVLQNpe+-v(9s6?D17w zCB`D#O;jcL)`EUWmYCkE{w-$?!*5DvlfjOtXSL6KjdFD@+fli=e%zsP8X5G(ubo>+ zqu3PbamArg8T#gQd?UOL72rWW_xSQg*T^v`GdmRfu-IoP=3Zm)>uAMt9)glJmQu19 z&S=sp!RI{gKfoQXcYYJ1pJKYz=jvW&c>%HsaYXU!I9Z>EEVXnAu!pvb27sbC{cOvE zU-!;;J$|+}S|%*z)`|19sqsr^`P}@n`cEWHs%dyDX8J99>UADAvorL@Bc4jfU1W;ySTWt<%zC zDlNzg#qR3TbLR&>&V#RT&V#%7)4-8Zsie3$5VX$6Q0_21xqZOKoFli>(RR1D+ia^( zhmw{czRb{dwQOhLs=e)5lz92sH^<`5q2{_u>u5~beF~u}IztdLFq3^b;J&lCdRV#S z(QsdsPN*-ayvqsji8_z@Fj1rV-g?K#uZ}Z6n}bCk*qSD-+{?*|7P24@Y|5wwZlB$A zGT&v?&|+#RcV!eiaDbTy4aP3})$ZjhC0qP!^xRfIf>QspryE@=*5h6JO)rUaKUDf% zwAJpAX>V1{Rr;XsMk7h(mnB5ikXET{a7CxAx<679$u>Mrs z1vi$0G^P^;dfsW?5+n<3*GT#Nze2NokhHi}08jf#}pgqpeEQv@$Bw31g}EZ2`RTGZ!FzS4T^o&Bw^gKEyvbC z@z4mA?5Y#~t{Xa8;v{%0Rsu$9Jin0r=sKrg!|PP>8{Wj(?cnsN))k{4D-WH@w?Ala43ng|M?)J-U>ozSbjRzxh`ZA=NUBfM>t=+@4UG3{01YnWd zdQ!hO`vh*mGamcGX%0u58wt+~lYbb~9IAKB!w0kYU+Yo)0v|ADq6Yuik9@XqBTbfq zcs7A0m@3&C9Ve%;6VGksh0lNF91KD?JO%{9CtCS~DtzZ)zrNb6cm_m~Y|c0r=WS`X zF6n(uBl}qTP;x8TxfQP+S3+)YuaQT47MlHg_H6?83dPX&g(Y=|O|z8R0Rk!SM_=&V za#}N`zEXf2cI|j9aKq6b^nNbhpkKcT)TB;JKFfl4xr#!61wL$2tnc3uV8~cT0DqW( NwA6G}OO)>g{~Ixc`(ywB literal 0 HcmV?d00001 diff --git a/fig/simple-analysis-rendered-unnamed-chunk-1-1.png b/fig/simple-analysis-rendered-unnamed-chunk-1-1.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..dd91f5a25eb59d096860e0018d3bc50d20878512 GIT binary patch literal 21079 zcmdqJbySsK*ER}>grIB$B$e(|kcJJ2q=0}(gLHSgDWw}EB{w0VAloJ?A;^80U=f#a|!88n<_>m~*W;uj`sCk%$dMn*!D7-PADiikMDk?4$pdDp`cKq$V!U8b5Gr#b@L>0X@uSkqzcdrFe0M; z>Cn->zC|0R&XfxoeogE)p{wiSvA;Pn7KDTq-xSp)9&grdKG8(f(~J}41b;#s#-1I# zmx=xu4SS=j>pS=1rI9nqYHyON(`srL@_YgB#fsCMnW&QMvaJ!sXs zCKe0@CF0fKJrr{a-)AUd%SV>PVsoB{edFWrD+@k-m~k2qxqttD3;g)_c(?JgDD+rt zknKrNvG+0Se)KVN0xswx_Y+1%xZEC*^4uuUJ@`U=esHkFc|!#}{V7ek>V&K zBI5k~+^9WVxs(N~Uz*a3j?{6fEreb^Azua8-`8Xkyh`5pS&%IX3eO{PJd_NFf42+s zdqDw`xasWo&GqHIG>6$bmlQs`osbx+7lVGK_pe_=j>HQJ3Rsz$lei3grvgw=&N6N^ z`JP)|UmUBcsR_C5Tx}KecyS3sazh-p3W9u-}H2T5!*UE=KUj zfX~h0YF~=m)}Q^W!-1yjlW8!v{t$x;e}8nfdGoyzY07W4PHT~*+_^DIe~5%j~v)A~97?HiqhjFuJ| zb(=X)ZcYwqgj8aW$%~}-KeZ~s_rr)e1=AGmxFzDm@GMd0Ll|O1c8jA#FUj}ynK?xA z82|GtK5EU956$2i@arTGdfl~X->ImoqH+M-RaFIN7U-%3Rn~#SlIA{Ra?OJ~tXVcX|61N#>dHR0(i16B;iJ*LHr(Q?>FAv&;yNnDC;g2xppJ*j=>aPx{$KvuNz4DH~GY?RCZk@;KXcjyyOA^N<`qX$T#SH|Yc|?8Il?Eot&3mz9kSem74zy{x3xSx z>JL~S#0g1!4a{N+P*k^VgUfj);D3JE4Syj~ENNf>d-O(Db`kp3wpvK1AggC(7?d(Q*0aPh{kyn-`dx?+eBZOWnz>$|p$zl^e$=7wz|mRhiz5jE|d^YBYFBkOVr^ z&(67eYbMxOSnSW}C)n5OP;>y}UFp)&(u#?VMW`X21(`z+-seqk?`&EYp_qmw$I>#-6E$<1Wyw&um0kg>9|GBnI`6g*?2MYD>7nm{B{ z74!N`k2PY>PWNIayl% zsNQqrr{GcWK(ZzFjE#-a*RwnTjjja);P7C?zfp>wj_%Ae@8-x{+l)Y_jMj}gn~jAl!1vd$dCR%cUvsCOO!IBEpH`tB3l6 z=1JxR3Jn{B-!s|Fk7q;oslp9c3&{sDe0YcdMBno#{%7+tEg$5oo|4=~S!JA~qQ!5P8Te_abR9u3G(wH^G2p1^di`FqF{JzJB(> zOD^2yZMCz6cq=OZz3t1?aQLuxC2*H4COdAqi`Oq`I~wc2atB^# z&S-ja%5381-_NRnTv;^3|K%V4CYpBT9ZlE(erer>b;>wKM%gAO_1 zRQZqzCg6M)ZE(xqlr(n6#0*U&^!G}o?{?44-63GZe$Bti3a7VuNpSz~mJ2_8tt_FM z4(zf;!`ta67b-RQ5<;)o(~|17G7K@NEp+9EW@mIh%eq45PSJ7Bog`7&9To<9U~~*a z7`yppF(v0d#PHjrTtcvh_#nQIY)EV}?@GlKJqn7s_z{MPIY!ka%4X$hf87(D^Y1G$Sv>2U+h?QWj(tvN-~4}c65m6CjDU-zLE9Jm2><0# z4s_T9*G*I!206dRTN`=OJOt7*VvPwM9YstG+~)#&CAD9Zt9psu^FtTMzs+XXR=`Q} zq=)oT8>*yK9EJ!r-E%ug4qt`7=(4~Aq2uTNyzMTdYHoT0d9Ktb2zAi)%>3TW<&=U) zj<$(YIbwTEX&gqKXSu4F{0aLMVK%&C=#mbD1cp1Yc5mL;i1_q65u(uq()~TkQ&>Go zR<$HX8pFCe$+{dBCew>9k~3oRDCLjyCQ3&QeKrL0Tr!U@mpH;!u#(cP z@LurOuh=jN8Hs)rKl<9^D+e$T(cg|J+v{}8{?!HSQo`C1Rqv#VFx}u8aQvG@#|qW}94sxAwv_2?UY- z0)ol(t@x1A93@%Jp2=cTOj}#j!R0Kzb;MAIrV3_6gSTh#-5|VSCQaD#U1gb>LCfd> zQ{^%JU5VVYpuAxA@LUxu_)pApXHV&EO*82*5F(rFyu(EB5&j&Y5L~?Idhlof9(sR{ z_s<2teD|*yB;)DF$QEGQ;b689CX$A8R8x?(bE{`)G=d**9eKNl=0;~V$QNNKuy}Jk z*b+M}6N}Z~zpLCqB1)C1!G%#z1rgLSE5!oi%>w22LR7|C_L>EtjM^m@B3 z@r!fLbu;#oNLkS9lD;+mmtYqG zI-?R*Jjjz${G&Gc@ezmB3h`>*?%A=&S<%%GT|K4d&yFZ2*Md>S)`3GJWS{c1%+8K| zTxl>q3)r*)0Z%t!V`}9@s;f(-Y~Y0M)X3p$RC67+`v_~Pw-uu0#>2-19s<>@2lV1K zBy6(G0rY2%7{DKxfw>at{!YI~;D|v&prZYQmAfvVq&)Yd}C2xgF!V-_ieJH0Js@Jx8UIME@t`Gdzei6b+sIy`P?|4;S<86GT_I z*~9iaaDQFV_#bUDV02=%hA-DctjAT~!L{=$QbmS`97c-E{*Z=i9ZWPQ^#bQ1i`q^Q z7NfYvf~1l>f@$V{JNkB&Wi$OP>U&y4Im66!GBgjKo_t*UlP{ zlpL<*Oms`!S-iYlisE+l^tNRp8syMWXgx${d<0|pXk&!W`p++}Gc{h`PTP{cq}tWq zneFLn`M_*SR5YSPaZW1`hGS!6dz>!SmOX#Pi{uVUOc(xGmWkTbjpi?jBhHzE53;A} zax*3EX$8Knmi`acLmk>6H{i9Iq9cv;M#l<%;+x)S;sqD=l8PW(Ny3Lz8uR@D`Dyv| zc6|IWIVtL=+oR^b_Oh+ymsamV7T~xdCn4kJc3M!}C^y2RFalDP{8?M|Gu6DX!EuxJ za8jRZq&~>ZRo}g%!)m)?^JZ1Nk=HnkMg^}uc?@N#xhJ}VMEiVTw691?s zdX$d8kA`Zf5}hdaR-DtI){>=ag{>v&VjzSpInV6XJ^Yh={aC`oqZ*%e)H0Mc3 zOthP+8QO3@84Qy^CnO}q1?eehl1e?~lLpb>XI_?fKR@=&6cqaYlp0}E2LuGS`muXx#Rs?PjNvwJe-M41 zjT}6{!5JADX}Z`f*ci#1&p)|}Y&?%`c-f+!^%eyR!h{C|doHdnF3fzxv+O?7#F5Kb z)Gfnr%|Any${$BA)2T^aZ^8s#l3J&>!l z`~Y1!zt=FQmsMY{UHf&dJM)x|;T2!Kz%hZkhV;6KtuNuVU_w>Z;(pvi=}1}_X+zr zWHMRaT%Au>*~C&nT3?x1F?l`y-7~z2P@@f1EH8Sv{^}OsHrtIH3tU=0EC!1 zY(PWVlPVYA?J|DRm&A>kH`bBR;QOL0IwmG&baeEokZUleq2I#{u^#c=T2-j$*&YDa zwx%lOg(0N)PInL&KziESrS`>+Xg~33J%Z6B9y_h||12zQfF1u}ITnK)Tq-5t%F4^L zva{<}+dg$Wq|HYWOKA6-Q+0Gah+|eAFVbagWFQdoQ|@>2(|!Mb)mac=QEbnGz0sp{ zt}{-1gTeT29>cnH-Je2IZyOCJ_$2Jw9a9qpN41HfkR z=Ua${{GR9K=QD9~+Vv!`FMVE@Mk&=JJZhsw9v&P>g_G=`uffAG$H%uKt(74pld7gl zV58e#dabsJ8tjc=T^H#~eu=y|Ms`F#Rjr3$eWF7WJbr9Ckj`Gqi3ZXIbOgsbJt;t$ zp0H``{U+Ae`1#&|YR8k@3G90DF)?Lcm#+I_#v&-i6Zb{-YrMKYq23D(3!}%hr|SOr z>{k+>-CX9YAp1V|eUMqkEh zkg<>bV21eX*RSDTCrMgh%IVT%lt)_va9CMb+W4vp1)5roL_f{toMMRV2ZsQ|D^M>^ z2beO6Z`#E=o0qjX{wt#Y^MTQ5nTjZdQ#Lgb#ciWi(^S&sxR{A>T*u=zy zM`3r`ZTU#fx+HUA*m{taV)*!bMn=ZBZ^mHGS|G-f6<@Y>9L5jL7PjV_C^79(c*u`F z9|(UMnVa)oAEY+GdO<^mUa{Zb*~tVfzuffUqXjX}po}K*)ME_4MF26))VTmKsUVbI zJcEvW%VD{lG@|{fkZr156llH#)~huD}HUb{Iq+*(ikQ|WNj zCB-*y-ZU&n3XKU9EJ48o9>8ma4KQHj=!nM-MLl5f_b z_Q`vb)1#x#XL|+)SY@IN!9t}aCH8+izW^MU zfFtTx`GWW%{O-L9&kXLN-c*b?sXB!QKKwJB0DSV<=;3eSyxGjbZa@5c5qiHbSq-d1H9C-fd!h{NNQ>R3%c60c*6ix%t?xWGE`* zIo3t=x4gW8B+?O9@q6MB zv+J+VjV?~M!#qeoGf=PlF}C?D+BK}DdsNv>GYAK72B=Z~P$xzgOFhPU!j@lLOg!I% zB}NW8qCQ_RZ^e`*$D;PSI7$+5TI~ST#$2YBw~Uuf09R6VhsG-&$TKF>7fCyH$fCX! zK0aRFgI6HEocff3*X50bEZ!P*MD`5~G{M|i&rc)~^2Dw`-VviS1AhZE23}U$v$7OK zg%rOBIm&!&=H=E@+Fw*Pj?(127`i1^zG#22H2SEVdi0d zrprNZN>bk!b6|anJ_dmm*yvAl6;e{4vQtvnoULmtkJWi~AEHTeqkEmv6BBB`I0U=q zsHZnqVKK6a=h;=~Q1Z<1nXjmI8z%BHJk_(ZvV3I=p9uMxYES6+YW3sr zH`(^KxWHmNij1}LXKQc8d&LJamy1r7*!7qX!wRC00b)QZR1ZK8koJ0Gxo#S@v=B*C zPNqmTia79k9N~Ic8BPC=wVb#Q0Ta4s?1uC&ZDnNR(PuFk zTXubJg4cBOI?$Lp%tse4;=#LI!KeQ8aUeRPSxQ~vFZH@d_gp{C4YY!}X!q;@$;h(B zK94Q}Iv5ZQVtY}ymTenirT1!T%mcnZUr17;d*Mw@sP*15a=hd&|5kCckodkJp3=8q zGdom5@KE!1W8*zS;JL?9IN-o)3!h%)zjfU#ef~*CVo+MfQQSeo^)?E6^VLMtyK^P1 z-oNzhPY1fZ>*v}J8rL_R{Ox^|!L5nh!PrGY!gDVi$XWn0Ahp47P5ObjK@*Qw>9 zg4x2&qRNZ_lmdxw(MO%v_aS|dBaxkUwReKBjp3X;C3sO`;ol%n`wG-GyEgPiVqytp z0VC5XZE~#vO4@lnbu~8&yvTMjo>zm?EfL%xtk|htOTXLT1V*2)f!9c>&SS3tXb*(u z?|x$a(#N{M!Z*CzZ+2#CDZP%Ar91eVHui;%|ImkfFL}h7&I;O${ZMN$88|b=7{V1V z_PryuKv;Trk*GX4G+P;h~o)z zRGjv_ba`2+|B~@=*CX_-_Kd8}PEv(vzH!f4)s8>1eA0UE2l!YPQ{Kq;y(h+rfwQ*6 zibO;VRnyy^c7ha-s;3ni-006;pR*haMAYz^bWBZ>gs+(~MS98ri(59X#g>qj>6EWZsX`&0wB*P* z=lyYwOjRYBzWx(DgJ+}g_lsnuH;owk+6xlg zGNV~rfC?q(k^wTS#jDZ%UrDK9Y0a!{EXXsGf{SksCR1+SJ_VN4Y&xV zIbNn)jiOGMU?+?eC|0g3IMfo@HZ?dY=*R`q7f?bIb|noAyU6G(Xql%iD_M$NuBJ;T ztslfP^R+ktvV%LN56}?mD9O3(PjGt5mhf`CksbWTQ znXQgdp7|Oz36#0+&$z0weEt;d^Ht%grS+A%l9zTYCC)Ei&ycZf6a_))663 zV`;p0luGHXCD;X^Z$^FQdy*b_7{Z=L7Dnb2-W-{&?h zm!5y`W8M=wtJcE(n}L3*L*p%h?;NX|D}0&zBKHxi*X8VKKuSJDN1M{>vExM^aYUnv z!}1#zUnBku7W8X{chK^5NX%$4Q_k&R!6jcQM-Uf8lk(bD5Zi1}#tA-iajoCr^S9kb zP6Twlh<|<76CIehuCDGE=A1-=4oTR)hN_&@^$j_r&SPUQHi(-c9AA|wxzW{F=r(UF zdl8l9mFW7s`*OsDo=2Z;brdPL>B6ti#SI5?{yi#RLKCZJj`)9kQ5BFNYn&68bYl=7 zmu^ZK_{QSq%yYNlv@fAN%9jvbzdbJYxdu7`eL$0gh!=@OLa&cTuo80w$D$VB3JSV; z)*^nEe&5Vsi8ohj^LDOvV2E%2%4cDFne!vE#|+C`7xTCi6ESJcOBO-SXWM`*sy9zQ zIqX-}${ByjFPP2jHrx;?ueSY?FAMcKe)O)7quwmq(P~>GL3fJcduP6J?0Z8Y5Q778 zrIDlTDA78zf%NaHc|gxFzZPNd5z+|{GU8%fRZR7`{ws>Cly4F9ygm)8o1h4eYWbaG zY#NcQ>|Nw7-5gAZ_%yy_^S$Hx{*$@P1p4e4;Uxaa%r=8a6g{0}5Vd-ui6^2Ux_+MLbzse#G7v;5F;II> zmf9sHKWuedt#b87rcLswV4ZF0_SMFEBY~}(YlRN9R!JCD5FZxjIhdH32s9(bxw)&= zP1oD&L)p6^T*XSfZ^&1co>kV-Pe-ANfV~XTZTa(!o5YE+582?@cs!#Z9lOb~z0Zpy z77UvI9Y|xY_B#Nw_PMvWw|WkS1PY{Zd(DN1IoX$rOm-F)lK{JL=PwiO4rxl-SZ4p2 zbEwtt?R9nLu+OtDxlXOO>%tAfXtVT>tKc=1U_j|`LcM=n6*5L*r!~9pB2M*c>ptA?ej#iP+ZEPKwAr9ni+HT8tNGP zzhYY#&BAWg6+;hnH%pXIDltZhKZ|;NrINuRc#*u;4S!|GJuY`<>!Y3_HpnpyTaP6O8Rs>3ZivCA@;AhRQH8M5ec!Nr@@g@NGPKx}VO2kKHsOY8Dc<`>Hc=Ry@?L6bISysgeAk3=)89MZ8ueGnQuPj!a zCz_%)N%-Rd0N=se(txyQe-CGDn&X{aYn1ztZ0fO8_C6R68%s;ACU1oCiQI63ch zdpHjs(CCw*OE$>MU?qWW0n=13)L8r&W+B|nVF^f}X1geCYSZ%b#>*WbMVtYUD1GcA z$s=?*vLk@o=vA11u}_!-08ApAW|`GQQ7|zE>T-E{6t;v6fYJ>N7DI_xMMYVz*{?ye zd(dHTPr@k2rsLqeA#Fx?53ETb>23t1fZa5Mf~&Vx#Lhjatltel6>pcqI2|1w&!7N~ zxdwg{r({GRr{ZbSDx$o@iy92p)yVC1x}w{JMUdfpWW_&986on(nv zF#T}G?fmWaJYWl({V;uYJ?1a_-5OOjH2%!YTm?a|#N(H!_|q|w*wmV|d0$7IEZvHY zwq|3LJ1@*zrFnfGM{*5DN2jV+Wo)-NcsJ>x1v!X)=2-_!3IJ2@ylu|=avQ88I!)d{ zeu@Nuj~eqM3F=9DI>IrtHe)AK+wC0}+mxeJ`P5S4w6>^ZYJZZ)Dvt7N)#=c2#}li8 zkT1sz5qhrcH30C7ASYf_q1t+YIZ(sg%=|-1cJes(5;UlfQ#+rJ5z9!Fe~PQQWmk9! zzj_=Wi2SMBXaAVrBs{ zl(w1AmGu*Kg-_F+3?@V$$o98Br=wd-WVbF57}Ig-bTT}ma*vtM#4ISWY9xne%>G9^8Y>NW02 z6Yjvs#9og~Sjrx4U)|+C(Zdqyd7-WPkBQNc7(HR$oRV*@6M|+P3a31)c=v-(A2i)| zonyVj5|uqgvdf;w61(ULxLr%$uRRw{MDIW@nqpnd88%6e=RItEi7;;hD-3a0GIgko~K>DGy8;~lfHpBnn$}U;8y^}`IK3i(>g~J%GJQmx*?33Z+FvETLFbD>usy0VW1}ri`Vs!z70T2x z;~L*S55GQXA6;Vo!LZ1rV+W8Egm7$2T%y{e4*GJ+2ay0pc{%Wn>uwTtXS@(QQ(ubt->)W$0Ln>3hKa>v)LH($_jdow zq9WIqp}zTk8N1tbd8PysM-B;BU12)2X~!V=c5K=bfA^*DqIWR|06QGJT1ay%m29S9 z4lG!77c6ZkPF)b5Ljb^-tc& zZn)G>bj{u1W`$ahGoDf=i&#!|pNhIW8NL21@4F5JT6Ue!P&?~fEDd*lP0b=Ts#PPh zs8E1ZVX&IZZE1U=ac;1nwnopg<*wg?`LbvJOy7m$MRhz+(X7?;m|kPY>uhfqvD*6sn^AymFe9x zE=$jKpeiDk81z%`ggq2vL=zwMdocjw$6oRAd%n*+qlJgD4Drhv6JHJb*#%>RJ5Efo zV4vo)(DeIZtmqgx>4c+RG6uI=!h{(-3s#|z;2yECki!HwX_6nrYh75-mATP2i7j#D>FcaY3LE6 zpj_csWdL5!9#9^JhD)#TMBb^Ya=UJ6NXUTA3FHg_w`}t{5ZBk#{J7Y1Un02A6o@Q< z;L$|0{yIe)UapsJ)8;_Y$_0P~!d3^04u?6d1#)%s=Cv&eoNkjn1?C3){>$=X@belTmx*UDvEeN}Et61d2(So=7^#A|%P zwVpXt#k>QcBjF&6-*CP-WVvDENt9oGzSDwpZY}9*@B(+aHqf7Oolzkf#7p0fj*gU| z*UlhcT~e0HRz4X3{l16!2qFP6d0h_To-$9tJ)?LhX@S`*S=oTno8BEWQqd9Nb((8V zHJ$JlrWNM}eTg!agK5*QwyV0H;%sVH|Gmvjo~3f)E9QSmh5hxg&#U-E4qx-GpLYTB zyOVZ5>_WAvXGP`D+S@tWea(K)MnrSw;1C}NXo4UB^1_rdst#=}7 zAoHJ(%Sq%6Hy}yQjSpM&Xwk+IC0`_tZP{vT5`iW502Ow_HC1z7REq|{o2;njy^B0= zRu>&>fjIo^iixLXqD!6T=+OXB?_2ZkL(&w9DJkJ!zy6trI?Ob8JB2tDv*r;q$$s-7?2OTXp};iQp` zH!?DNRb>MIU^ED!e?-waI@nEcd}87}u81+qoI3$F>zfZi-yLCNWAiel56Bf9X&XS; zm_4-qQ|ksPe}_U%rlh2p5a(_QLeevoc!nP|XPPV7bcvBKN zbT{q!+k667h)_{}DJ^1Opx(o{I`z4&{trt2iV+1x@^Qa2`u~K2`ae|q{~LAL|L4CI zR*6G}+Y0iI>gm3+!dcrj%rZ7sq30bAxUFvqa|Wq8z#8+>>a(3r=6!fM4m(p~Ghfc0 z6mX}nU)=Svym@JuTeT~%m;wX?*1Hf`;Kms7mZF=yX zBA}**zXVt&z@(=@nZW}ifk?2D-86(kar#yqnH!=9q<~Pnl`Gu}R7w?(Y~W(tgD+tC zeWqNuQOjVG%R9VgmlO!_id16~oADip${DbbAVsdpL-fZEdPd-Pt=<4~2eX(gCV=L0 zk!-mNDU4hliM#omp*FvKe1R^ShwXKzY)MnhYsg+UqX%v^UxX18@(|-5C29IdPgUW> zWj_HzZ+Dxv*MUL-=-oU#u!CANb+F-0-6MPA#at27+W@R9{`-#y2?w=O-$}BCF#nNc zrzx)8Rg2^?h2~lSnbfT`Nj?_>-p3Mtu%?S|u^_>}&)J`u+g>Z~dDW zNs4*d7FuUfjy*SS{+r^Ih7Y^TFXw{?`VS8KV1eJ)bgqocbazAMpPd20e7pAGA@<5o z{F|OoXgrhBvJG}H<6B$tOqpA9>a2mVEse-!&&KGMmbhQf|6AeO|3X2-|M`yd|Fg;< zrtYJNvDLmsD4h9#OkHIEF^)O~y?Uq0}Ha9ogI)fn49x^oLEas zOM7?-^*G3egmiV?E;&J&nKv}Jojhc{B_vvM$)-^~u&Mv*A0Cc+VRy8G1jrJ4Kc#hx>nmw@{Uy+$02Qer#O;H9kRYnHT z9C=!#Q^x5~Shvr%EiXe3X>W+9)s+MJ^Zg>kn)1`Fv&(y++K`%=Lb!Fs@##!TF86xy z=V&^|K*(ch8Mqz82i-@~(mied+(yG8BO4W3KlLYg>Ynnp8(bb;W%@>Pv|Hpc&2qXX zn;UuRt5VoptQZd*EfIM$uHSiU6!Zd^ z+Nr?tU%WLQR3NZtLvC3*Iak!wP3exinyIFg7ufW_&CNaE3b2YCYHO|%_$t-W!zuV; z##S!xa%JwUriPzY9(fe#jiK6npO8I(ConSDSr6tQPVsVJm^5LqaV1L6+ z^YbP3qpJilp6f$SFrvPMMXd~Rie_?h+;rdG624X@gzmNUjg+wUaN#OA6z%j+tp2?@ zL-_6NC??KsS|VjS6&)t)K+Mw*htAKYf ztfe$`q2u@bazNeOPuWiK+e4`-!s4iM+-dW{4#q1-Lt8DaWPn>Ifyysg9tD8)URk@0 zb>PK=_$?6o`dUhl&bP6?{_;O!*LQiXU6&}O3V(1`Z(GZ(jrG*?_>yCWf!J0BbBaD& zuiodcZ#63@?_B+?9CPp5)`M@kf;-Yy-7PWfwrO_C?dom&hW&J%M&ii!dR6sHAP%js zKTOKz7`M=N)V?Jo7#p2b(1>&qIuzI$3epD^aCTfA9FdTv+#|vq`O>dPFoa^Bko&hU zkQO^~^JGOiIU0XD28IJ8PzZ`mEtNfFSPGGN!$5FXJOd=0K*RY3Li6So*2k-!DZa!6 z08{`-X>|0RcZOc^S{|+ho$n3Mow2dArvbe(fYex6SO6M9vzLVeaaDEcYBQRq z&5hzlF8BI>`(o$TWs!U`&fm(#qcB0B!pT=vk4PFH3eQflFD$4JvoD;sy}UI&apI@Q zZg(Y+(9+hv)lxq7%LIj+Mf{#F%E_OXYkYjXe%nChv65nlZ^x1_Bs%j&r3%J=jBKzV zwJ_;6P5Ve@3|*2f5+K7XA1>K zID+1v@W~UP(h9}9FzHDE)t;e{7XaSM&1LYGTZGQdk?&s?#7f}Y@MHWyz4BXU`@TTMP1mk4SRDwL1=CuHVZTaMuO<|v@k>>l4v>W#Pz<^p5QK`Qn5VO|20fj@-h^N?t~05E(!21ULCtf+P_P7Om;+ ztLLAo$V#<-629(I{6!fC0o?4y#s*tYRb^#PPR{;4#4!V$ZEl=KTwWf)xuMm5)sKSw zK#gY_U~&uJ7i|4tdV8a>Usn(ErqHM;^{-+dBg!<`{!s*jjMIXPL^x46YMK9LFoNrE zn0{O+<6adPY2ZE^=VNi`|2q%yF5eFc3tOJQcg%isE2>R!tFvr_23KGXKX!73n=mE* znDK?n)3V{Pugf(&BsASG=km$LuH(Bdlsx`-UEJ9$XG}=8ry6ci_}g}=!#Z{$c{*?6 zG@vN@d=C?p>W&W%{-SI}MfnsQ()P?tM`s3TXz@Q2gOYb8{ttGIC}{XC>skLx4qT*`B{h4>8r`bGtxhVPoS`s{ z5t*G4`oXi>(s`irlv+mXXt!|B0gSUxPahquY`R?ibKCK zH9kJ)s*@US0#>4ni@Q7qeL?~#3r9A3ySr7~vF}vk&Mqzh@CK>k{RtVMhSV!2enw2c zdj6+pW@ctW-)DBkacq42!2r%dJ6s8!`Y)(!zrH*@eV^$_3(Cj=&uW5P9VM`qOeifHMBr69;f@0t6AV6Qw95<7gLY_ng*I- z0A&y!Z2?)X2dGRyOI`u`G}YWU*cU|fU^NEPJ>Qg5pc|J@)! zDI53NKX9R!a^0OdP`mOZVE5Y%aBwCzHo)cK+MZNYRAgn*1TczUwtnFH`}Z&IGhzOk zNq{=HmPz4Dgi9HLPlGSnmow7Q;ZpE((bBfwYB~$*y1Ke5D=XU)Q=i!jP2*cWxM-2kD|N*^hTwT7%rUt@;!8 zz=n1v%kvr<6A%%j_4wWr>FPpCp^}%3oO8OnP7UHn}csouUy6wcv4O13I!Gq%9+*yoqqNi z96$gVry;=5P$tPqd>2;<43(#?k!$&rQug~&->2q@5l^A=T=)8hT$Zug))1bly~$DA zaIgmbCOTq^`iGL}`Cq_Ff}#SijGrQhz1(2!d)eUtQiGd09qh?~gANmdwCDv*lT=qib3hf()pt6%_rKFGKR8+zD*sT=ntJA? ztvwCS`0%^*k}~`qN(9tn3%5Q%lYV=8dqdgb5Fa1^rI0R;tVJV`CH}~HU+2xSX(49> zlO~Zz1uLz7;AVWj=lDbY(>pSaT^mSxe689nD@DNu4%7`Rx1N9&10`Gpi*hY0uhvcS zwPpV?3_~vqU@1d`@tKL4FnSiaOY3~mLDLPg39JG@Mo*+ei{WR``}Mic#R!}!)KK%} zZ~)r0T{Vq{DB*AW|9+J>y|}fC?_FU9Knb~UTOCqIHax-NbWg;S?N6hZhpH;UtxqO% z!Po^DFeD)94?fOIPEOwYY1|t45bk~PeUEWo5iH8^m!193X3zw{{sDG2|9LaCpOV7$ zZ!z-RkKWG2Q$OL{38M;4OcQCF!!?YENfW7YnJyRdMatc>e!2eO_?bfViGL~IeluQiRUgox2+w%K-IEc+VO080^32Ax_`%q z9!$d7ev}Veh3CR&%qrViG9CJuN&3U?_cR;bZ$sB?cf!QN)YC=Q z=Wr`90w(Y2l6BAG4>owe&)RFo&AQ<_VG#W)ew6Erb^kib=gP>NZxJj4Rg=~r7({(t z-j*)nA$qx04(z!B?1tIdw1c@4sk$diJh#)>4z3~KNQ1l9F9YG^+-c)!FZTezsYNn! z>B`|ypSiV$m?C3M-u0#0luO^`8nKiI4z7wtLRXqti^;k)!8?1r#c(T$0WYrFK^OsL z?_1N;(ejS<037s#!$Xiq^rs0`12+XVFy6pQK>fp`_4Zl`Rl?UM#>Nz)o@YYy=l!h3 z4J}O%;e1aYI=DIrrKP0-nLgMcmcmACL1YLgrrCc9PVvYuFIRQ6Nr9I4RGD&-aOl=m z0OJGOhX6Qz<#|ysOkTOo{oHCZF0ho&&GozWylumZ`j_G3`^`s}~+(RuUx8 zuXGhV!GU*XGe*$bjyGY57Q@G!hUMH1!hSqG>^0=sa35;r4AQF1p7S_8e-gyt>G z?|$}f877u;LCQQlJPcM2As{D6NJs!>jUESoySn)e!_KwYq6CLK<)ct|}(-On-I z4D@KgWSL+5l+`7#_TeK(ILj24Zwzl1K~0PNHDj0P!D~S-|0-{rn4}6Zgdc zVsNfa{Qp(R)rPZqMqw01+l$6*YNk?*rW#VQepo6^lnJ3G>4&04F-=<0YC4h7X`(ST zTb8UHDjH)AZK_4nXz8`mwbm+`&(JGdwG8tyZD>)+&TIR*kN5ZUzSn!5=RD_}=bZb# zlV4p1z8F@h&@smvUukcpkBSVu)q~?&Z5Z)y>mEvebsVv7XKnqd1{a4VN4X*=`h&wL zT*X)Tn=~s-L2hJ=V_eElL&tU|v4_~}yi@VC!L7YO6g@pc(NvmnvQ7$XGa0UBlNJf7 zflVUsEbqkqFYoxto}OMaKd#=F7hpZ9ei-ZgCHQ$uBO$Sv5)zXCX#A&%*BPzko7i)^ zs!{E#q{k)SmXPPEJCPRNR2+#E1(U&<9qJcq8+2%{LZz73WY2e?+vxOwQnKy(@&9`5Px&dVkn?)&T0 z7ABNI*VkvU_0wa6(iiV|?j=Uh$`Va`!|FB`5RkSbu{0$Uv_C~nu9Fu93nq-Ln1nAi+%&O!F)&5Rj9mP)!0 zA7L`Nhy>S>{&WanXPh{fpkEMA%}c&2ms^Ic`Rs=6g^*^$k`)Lx@%T5tW$V9}O89*Mo*`cC?R=6A02__Dt9VnMoiJVPsb*1ih z)6M&%qV&j{b#?eM861>aIg5^p2S}~pj}Pox#=+w~_MKJN1PZh?R_%RVmAyh>qjiv7 z5jmTs-2}wWM=*N41@NzByvaN`6`So86cW>2thCWq=A0*-ZCvA)k8|j`)KP48bQZjB zF@>LBWL+60F?Fv=&}qXkKvHaPZx5$ZV{U(%Mx?fuPUt$w)^kjZr^KV{*Kj{{lc2^6 z@t4e0^IqCtm0(;7MyN^P(N{hsjpS9Vrc3ziPL=K1F8A>B8!+5zTQ5xzOQl!2)i-Kr zgD*dHA7YcZD+t%{CPj_z93Nrj-Fo}-xB{z?$Q_TIey@(-`!*@uv*1#dD@{N3=Dtpo zM2I4LmNw=3tZ$xq`|iM7kH1@a6uq<~t^vm5>i=6&a>90AlcX)O(m9sb&`??j(pD-( zLg6SjFFTAl4;Z5c50(X&oM#3}d@=nP%dfCEH6ZX*nl(QP_#8oOI=F5HQrzD|ihGts zUHn&Z?-v*C5J3<2&e`(B_D9>(B*aPq{T!DZ!Fdc7vBOG z%^rHtxbAlO5L160ul^ z@Q524=7CgoRJi~FW4cQo2~%wyKniV1S+liL7!L!Ia*_WfkWA9%b)&!toYS;t!D;Bi zIuf07oQSzU9JKdIdIYzP;-Vrb5)kYlL`g`wko6(1zJlPmVfW=e(5!>;sWSB!{m{7s zW9bb*gbSLeGJbA0_h_$C8%)8VL+ayGt5Rh=F4>w?t7>X$lFK1C7D^97Oa(22qV2qG z=8PKn!+7VddvMa0H#hl@0HJ0LQ2;sMM$T^>{jBnFsRt^Gm@pu*f$@50~={TyE2 z#(iDWFIe`Vx$&rx1^Rh^Jp+(;(AM*Oc+61=v+`squjkOF?yfFC=(!RIJh5dk6MGuDXte>a{C{;rNs$}gxd R*n=jcQSi>N00rq_&Y#V&fY1N{ literal 0 HcmV?d00001 diff --git a/fig/simple-analysis-rendered-unnamed-chunk-2-1.png b/fig/simple-analysis-rendered-unnamed-chunk-2-1.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d5a2d871ad7081d8fce42b7b1348213fca6160e1 GIT binary patch literal 20476 zcmeFZbx@Vz7cRO%6c7*uB&3y+l9CPu0YOp`q!pyQyQHL1q@|@q8l*w#?vU=5l7e&>C5Jnu^Yi?E$IfX} z>-{w2c|&xq1&d_6cqGnQTQ+T@ZNNzA)1!goqw^iq=eA)U@wUqa{YKnrd|~$yh!jnx z%4-P3<6f~;bc7-wp$h`xC;soxvPqP-nTx~n%uM>qmtKUO(X3=bPK67-@$vD!qL-R2 zLey$bPR9x!e9IDDQS6IiS;$gtzoC*P7B0?%v!$qW6 zG4B8S^P!Tf>sd*!h$%Zs)r8gFa<}W@pS8eevs5I%X5a7LW8DArN>$a+&~RmCrIP{; z@$=eAZx!YXjdF`xr``Ef@qoka87flJcI!#oUg2`R*08;m-lL7tg3L^Vwg{SX%bA{@ zo+S3S4H}lUcW&Q)Tc)n#aiU-64EKb0mW;Ah^r%rAqFFWA-#;;2XbE*c-H+qYYgr%8 z<>KUA-`MC)6pV?8u!3pKoNqZIIUTnqoj3BzZES4|v}@NZg5SnEPCGLQ2~8StU!0EC zUmO&8p09{rI`<|CqvKM#oga*fp6?IF$KMtEpm*}&1BP01w%zaa7^4g1No8dvEL|jn zg2$X6F|1v1aPTXp;n`n4$u8?T%gf6TUS=YZE25%SvyV+pH;(F#YG;tkye4I*%iRfX zd)*1VjuwpDwkYT!DX7`X-xe1a8Is*>nm*iK=}l(vjg`%Wfvq$X>x6vxui%FS!LN^gUezC<=mHXMDR=vlRNm-RC1`6u^Yy^_p-`96%;Q(&= zH7l#NwN-HHm5xrY=jMG5j@|JxQ+|Ga7#VMzY@ ziG2V5z3b7IpTEDy!LX`Uj9R(HRH^YGEVYiy8eOYIYU15f-bZ%0lI%Z?x$h=)OJY>I z9$83AN{(KqbYA>8QEs_CRXw_P*woYnw%pa#H9kHL7lz&Z{<`R%h=>R?v*}co{n*&p z#j|Z!(sd*(+gPltgm0cYn02oiDTfA{6g>= zbj8Ay-I2Sk-QC@6o^Qm{`-OI!2*3{W3JSK}&fZ_gxh>OQ)Op7UTVC%yE~e% zMaFOQPF;O`ccC?EpTbh+kc!e7Y{DAT_l>fW(rqd#9Yw|2iVWD6v@|j41gUK}I68bH z<%_I3b>uORF(i?6cpfL6Iu3QWUH@}j{@cl6xK!iK%gcM>{@$d(es5Xs!tGHOnYftP zyY_3-tEUNg4%HN72JE_OKQ==D61$YCYpJVuSd%xhQ`T#@6@Qmmn$!Bwnor`NYOFp> z!xu*I+RGC|3`0T*we$C;Lwx2G>p~HFLU(4r5!xv+X=5iXD)XRjQ3#c2-5x7b)VKWn z{EQ5Va~cU-6FnZewHP)RZY_9Etz!i~N#i-MM;MnnGD{K2A;*)vUg6 zNvfx|ELLLl$G~Xw&pPGJc*t6<)$>%Gir@_q_tT2!re*36f^1?2Ey~Nw%9@*+>}ofL za$eF$wm&#@Kbqpz@Aw=YO_V6VVm+$uL`~kQNO*^ch(0eeGc&WT?b+P=EQddp!RJ^K zU%cF56VABP{k8jfk%xy4Q8G(5`gNBVXY%D%t z#&sKb7Z_D =pn*Q^{^lO#|7pFI2j;N<^r|5-uJwjZpLXnl%{K-k?`^`n#^NBn&5 zt-Xo@zn;8YEi%PLP={_%Y2uRQFXIJZy)dJ z&N>#gAfZb{x44dGnz8yDl-38ah}qCtK|6?pQ)#8brxLk6R^;U-{nV8{2n5>AKmBki z@|(g4uZDKdReyc8gzgr0>{e@@gl_BfPCx!ITgR9|-LU*g;k0U3Qvci9UOJN0U+?=& zSrE7VWDlv9nsX)Ud5kf4c2q%9|Fyc*p*k^*(Ge%Hr8$SD)jH8~jxWsfMc5_YuQFN# zZsGi!bHC=LemyWOccFgI{6rR4_sV{z8Q!XmXzk@+`}MHBK;Yv`C2a4L7EwV*pXTs% zEBv|cj;q6^-NWd8(QJ2*-h3srjUt9QQYTcNS2vsz@px`=CS5g0`EDqTzIrOZ--w*I zN;7tW&(YCd+dqv_N>xiOPsQ8yB*xVHItC3(=eJ>#xtG@-1ii=|-a4I|A*iU1nW@F^ z`MJO+-=&Lc?59dBp|rL2DtB1Env77QpF0n(cuBJr@aY4Y9GG^u(cknG6|8RCIm!>S zGI)bNv7~hLH+EetG+2l{Y&Tp~N4;mMo*|V9D`VC39C%k*ItRE}*#hZ*XsyX_ZTKSv=f#fHdSZ`^oPd^a#1f#4bKcRQOZ8EFO>VJFNRmjtU;| zy}+do@M7DqaXPP9&Rro1mfoVKo`Mflu;lAecIqEL+`o~oO?HQD+EZ~bii;8NN$86l zT`n7|Qyj0$>n^D)&1k#~>M!zqj+xc`^M+VdsJ^H;q)ZLgJ>}gKwbhg7G&bZD>RN$`zh+-eCglXL5fdf< zejUg>g0i2I!UA6xQ`&9Z+kW-sr!mO3~h`bUYz!xt$UKpRY8BlXz|qNF!aG6k&s`PmA(+AC85v+8ClJWjyVYx1=h9=r(~)@nYMZS|`8UgW zSy+!2dr(sz|I&h09?$;W=52h$RLDg#xf)RjONz5}BjmnU?{)X9FYHDgI1RdUFiDc*4&v6*1A8t-K=B|I3R71Q^K*c(@P8Sgstxrvz>$vm9 zgtQ4;(%o!4ThMV!vp#HF0mVte8)n35)V4^8=u>n0W!E;*l~heZIa zU)ADgX)c4VGJeDCNx6;sB51^Kk@I;e==-S4$jIpG&VRfw1wML! zv9d2KQz2Q{)j>^7OQ!Tg z_SYP$&wX%3D%?(NOiu0Uh1rf(OdumP*gM;<_k@CW$gXk_fkqbis5~Qs?mm?AUMR@q zYRBy)KI{45hjn~TJG1lix^trL#M+(5L|#wLZiJBuk7idZ&QgYZ5@M?1_n1vUoYwjTA;`C5@1mQ~fFu_ZsH zM$|*zLCIBGj-?eDyigGqcFWQ6wwQqEb?;^&`Z>P*va(m|4Dt&DY8n~|gRIz%rRC+k zj~;PgH?m`2{_!3C+S*_GnuWX-a$K=zDk>v^1Pn6IpX;54t$k5^!>ty*89x|kg^NU$ z=lZ50{2@+BR~PTs9Nr*i{g0EVwXYkYJPDzm)N@jHLTtBr?`Wv2f3=^tCL|Azlcf(= z(#l6`MMd3+cpLlU2MXX>UpuE zF)V7F_Up=GZ9R#C_wV1&Q_1Z%z{1776o?+TXZL@r%oMewzRV||@j^mUQoy2}M8t4w zGP76Y%&aTcXDppKUN*C@PtmcPl?bbm{q5VgsJH+l44ahgaAg1Z@#E?v1z#$?tf;}0 z>5-9<9)(|Y)l)szUnJ9SYkw~*dj#Ns7Szp>N}qq;ip7U}Ef$8Qc*6caZ$Hz#Lt zZLL=B@Za7ZtzNekZaJ)gQ6p|bi8VU`u@54qTQ$!1WV{w#P@D}r1Fa~8Bd!sV#Fd~y;THBkpXPh-d z@a{!K>#KRgLAQ2%C^snIxaic8m|XocmlKTgDCBt5UdjuQA2|Lyzl-$lOZGUjP?KxF zA#B>8r7jGyx=O9vNGQ>tR}etbYT=!qaOd*zd{$a)^RfP~g5DWBlNytEZ3QeQ2+ zakE>1kSkrtVSZKS4M*65K+Mw^&3xIIgs3LHed34OZVREj-*R(joEAdo=jX>t3}Zfj zX3?pusjCxt_)y_k!8m+116%+c+8URG^-wb2cbEu~kMSb4g@uJ*zkVGm)V^{!;`5a5 z1_sNPo@Wz1-`C)#k$P@aSz#Rs!lIfR?uD4SO2}8a2j#l~^)3 zbmCE4z4m+94e7tmXqI^Lx`Uxus zhxPH!9QrNt2tka;DI1|zF~Q-_>#zkl^jGQVZdR9yiVEfAWgIwqRP~3DSqF5-ih5pL zoS*eZnO{Ywm`5hRpa2KRCrCjb1#N!-Ha|{afumNt9zdQ-A1_rHSo({corI4FR2NGa zLsydU8Cc_)gC~n4UW7$oM7xB9#M#ldsH;ox)oqju*!ICRlKE|yA*NYhUr6CGUcc{B zOPSS$S}~Xl@ragzfq|QQA4~}1Q9)Pyqm92yo#=;opI{c$>zjTekK9ioc7{V(D1P@Z zj(k_b0vyO2MyLs&!z}CGs99KS{V=a!6tn8=?gpoDoX_%Dl@T&8PFNr~66Pm=ufg!` zV8)D0OakER*9IP5t>kM(2*9*@$6uWHmNzFWOOTVdu2!6Y-raD2wZGb7^J*Axo}^xm zPhJ-#hk#e-&euTpn(}mhz~{1t(c@%oFiTZcb$jwh@yb0EGzxv9Qz;(J$UYO;Z~)pK ziu_ebUO}nvH|%C*VVMN@Hp9m4&aGL~4wn6akPbC&+vP6vi62uH4$rn&sI~e(CAYM; zQVBUJZc!t=QT;A70C%$&m;&JHs*q8uuzG83yjIkBd9}rlAE#atUFaINhEs`JyCqJl z&0eyo+xuTK*qm@UKc|7TQMYI#Xf2@WX7Z!CEt1@;&7v z>-nb%-9Pj;ZbC8Mrf}jnUBtjxH=^)`4YnKxVNAuvaZ_&GoU&aTBAlCgUfv*$8pVz_-3=J)3>ZSrd{tS3} zYYXfuH#gTBf$qZJOysiNog`dcS4TN2fx$TCzAH~EU=J%c@x#2)@`Jdgzu2})%ML#l z5et|_t6$0Q0$g2NVkG;62bik40n^xi+HGH)d%tF6Z2tDfnnjD~NzMh9^g@rq(2OAX*GKysUnMNbu)e?9u>okj`z$I|5YWZouzkPq@ z;p@UT8zXrYh5Cxsm#I2WB_!smF!}^j`&@bISI2(&pf9l0{-phTPAZ`U2F@V=h0n#v zTtNyIgPUa_`nC_VOheIv?p zFEzlHJl>1V2=4_a$w^E9Liv)Csgir;R2SQBHx_w9-ujaYzHdHVQQ+J*EYa6tUh7fACOBpae}iRqvO$D{2kou zz4*-Fpr9}+(J<3lulKNBOJ@qTx;zQik`DiN8~hbSZtjHct3ljm+}DP<`#gqC*ltyE z_oL@kIizv86AXOA$zr-H>|Wn}#nswJb#KPNTt^FZEIH$#M8e-C<`99CdLf+L28(s1 zxavNe{HF#m$UnF@%K9sVSGp6*-!|UROdG&&4T)GztzBGPrg91Z=}5dzdpAkgvOi4%5ch|ImC|6$B0gf<&t31u zsD-kUI*wcwFODQl23XFZJxr88`gskPT)@t#baN-|mEqPI zvSu<6QS%;G&wblw-tp7ji~Zh5o|9x}u`+%!11XNYItzu;xMdVr@Q#j?MQi|AoqHxk1V%pI#^r)PqR?!Ve`3Z=Yyc}zvum1 zM2z}2QX!QZjy9e>`*m3r))!qjrmd8%E<~OA2frO&3g*r@hap{V)KsUJw~J4)$Tl){`F_$C@7i1Ex(B#oVkUk@Ar z-vs`9;+yWcY07qD)8Cgjh>Jt3uPpHuy(sW5o(D6Rf#Q33UlmtfM;=&c>Td0iN1oZP zy@=5l>tb*{-tQHi%zGE5USiarmYHiP6@PdznU2^eCp@Ke6tU4>{F!Q>amI(ld({V< zS1{8iUB+;fC|V-tBwfQKju1;d3dnt+P>3BF=5yfPp=a;$uCXlWck^5KNFMX?#q+X| z9bJS6_(ohN^~6}-lC|*@VL?%wN(9eYiWTcp;J0zX#`QXC5>5;z#(fW)phbpdd7XNX za|m@A2VNZm;t;hywb89b^feWgY-_Pl==1kQ1|r`4AgRAK)t%NOARyqIl~(;rS53v~J4GjkPSgh- z%uk~4b#7)PKx0cI?EO zY+lI9+|iZC-Jh~ot5icZm5dks-RgB3@tOQlOf-(C z-9BXgGg_Vx=4i6?kAv1;SD2b5bsGR~ojZK9iQ4xyOY~J8#@u95_JS~@-$-*BO2SQt z>dvy%!8KX>mn#}jNuc|`HRDN;&mwr; zV#NJ|aLI;_k7$SQYB@R5+u1`@a_wWH7x+rX$nV}=&#$bGYG;=ntsH-jJGCQawkXW> zLYMRrb$#L7eBj6BbIuloWi~g>wU!=>oT`Z7A0>O6e6u%DGGd5M5lWH@>!Kz$a_vc) zuW}~UK0l8B>k_nhM8#EmxOhQsGr5F{i%dsF-+iLZxUUmwie4{dprrglU9Nr0I`#Pa z`Wt&5H+fkT75Kh&l`R|?t0xzF`&RZlN0I8&Rkq6*q|r+iyRKwFgVJlaC_nkS$6UH_ z8HTHcOy@jtZSUS5N)&mvKX&1!iQoYDDjJkY(AvW@T^Z$U2)X0qdqFSgmV4NFNA!mv zV_-q_D6R_cZ0?dfqJMzkbZrl7Tbmuj6GiF}H{!`p%!yc(6F;0Kx?`d{Xm`o0FbVbJ zA2dom8vXo-t&@z?M)vlvII<_%vck^C*_q=6)wWp@Z0ZspX2PjaDtyJZqc1niod2W^ zE&A7c{B?ezPew!P;bFHE`1iL&&b93!5{K}F@5~(f&K8KiJ*(AajdwGFTY|bmdBejo z6gwA&A&=R>7*f;L1P#ORev#6hz4MuF6bEztQCmADs^o>IyGoM8=kOzAX?myn_zll% zCGJE%2l>{i^^ns`vZtTzBR+13)$29~9ZkFTn(?eGFJE!SiH_5|wk)LW7YES2dUDiYA|AoTe)yDL^v>zmwpp5YtNa7s5!;xM<4fsfXi*eLESug}nRNoKo~P&K582PWx1dXQw)sr=y_a5NiY6&S{|q z=Q8uXCBMX9^pM0*&f7yh>jwK|YKkw5nN{t@wpjW$D%kds1@3=k=_6aIM17MScomM|Mu;h&c)vtP)!`o zc-ANDJyE@5{X8uoq{7|p?6n*e(vQ=Q=N7oTMF$+0wpI@`)fHB4n3UM*wG_I{yrBwytLWZK%fE3YwOD@imuS?>0GQ;qkc z6}2u)Ai2ntOK2%J19(XE+I11q@Gm3+{^4YeDpV6c;Ij6u#p>?ERqt5kB~ZWA?YPUAUzne7ad~mhn@{mc@YXZyPwf=r6UxCy7+uCwWR(8U(1eXuj@_pBu!rt1r2>1ZjdVzN|;Yo9jq^%+q9zS+qj2ZfJo?Mt}(#W#DtTJ z3)Dhq6Ehbhy+x0|E^NjT_$!5EEbR4)dWxk({T?NF+fKt}`MZASA1Y7eZj!JoV~~to zGMnQ)#k-@f`&T6)lo7s|1h*)KoB*l;wGm8b7qI%7?}1lV-YR-wU8x&BY5n*nU_$zx z(NQrmRH7b8^(9ppPKLGC>Z7|jG)-naB`gVviS8Fd9>@1mNCo_%8uZOvJJ=Xq*z}AT zFzj|;{3vycN+hHk$F1ieHDP~$AN-gla1c;C!C|ZfNE-~*F~hJ&{YS{jpORjv_lu1{ znRAI`aN?ujVqa2lYcu01fISita$EkwuoQN!W3H;NK(n$Kz(gq7b5#pkh%?_yEPrSS zp!(tYx19kXlthVVE9&*{4)}x8G=Hd9Eu+%B+aS_fv_wZsizfyQgQ=-0;ADS}-cU=7WM2;# zF}XZm2p1O@Z!b3$M)L!mz+!+@FJNcg@sEJW{&S4JD32yH>lWex3NgSR@^f<+F2CpH zX;s;+!5*GdV$+_UpL~|0axbl@I0k+L+3FH*R+0USG?bU`slPnm)uup<%Uee7Op z0-*g_%o70VC&#%zRpNoM!9`@ZG=~xOThA;>qgtMKUV9W)Iiwnrk~y<`33gZZuV88 zk@K#fVUtqwvaF2s=Zzd1kT+sVW*mO;CLku+u;5ny{01#mLvy>|htn?q0LWKQ#<|y- zr)|rN(!qQ8g{T_UO4mWXlFZt2l%_vxqgp$Zl)&||(%mjtCZng98uk9FQP{>^lwXwY z1;ESd4M<648O#V&jg3st+Y}U_R=%4+`SE_j%(`?bNp zvU{l{FbrBe>Pi8! zgM^O+iJbEzA6a?yI*&2je8A&p($f;N0Jm9nGVZsvHM$U$LM)cL9a@)j&}d097NSn| zwN$A{`a0IO7L$49^rkv)EzV8%hX?j~RGew2ZA1xKdsaJnorrhr>*8tipXk}lvibUL zYRSte(Ng-3t{8ZS*Yb8IBYF2VzMIQs6FzALPJKV{ITNEvHskK=jolYh2~dKYAf5Su z>$IR4(=|7LnujZpXzIRqfJIP6?kDb!{=URw*2#7Gm^&?PO+$)@K~6K4N~_2yYBDZG z5S*$s;^=1epE_4d&L(0yXy93hXn>YeD(vwE~;H`JYwW_YV zy%l|XBu#*&Qfe;r&Od`2ZXQMn8ireuGlO5E^ifhUwU@pw;gFltQW&iFhhS&K*B6dK!hjuE!%rp6A`neGYN?{mf8T*S zeD`kgrGhY^rx4SnFr?+=SRX#LG%{L6GU%*!c68)xRZC)klQ$?CvnVfNG37}(xurI8 zK)l5trbhx2F>iK&C&*Xw(d%rzDTR0(_o>N!wq<4mt;iYrA}Vw+?+IE5&9Sk1#ypmn z!f##O`L2>Xm=4z|Q|~t5>MRDW+(HQ+<%fI}plHugJz{~%jj$Z?;gvqt|Kk4%ufgtQ znX8^;=Ih2^wgkt`ugt;C^K7Y87KS7(7Uk8h7-0*(k%cT993ZO8Vw6dts-9xAde~~M zlKZMF{ezk@s77bKfts_?=fobg_dm|;Q-}pEw=br(wKc?|-@q!aR0GA^DVqE38>j#< zXg+@Y2=t=9TAjeo(alkcxpn$XnVXZ$nUz2Y=2k97%%?ltx^ER@Wj{;RVEp25LAN~C zo^4EWy7n#Kh5p*LrUk|ifgnz$qxV0OZsScKE32zu*+=SaMBvSPFa}oiFRoPWIAKmQBPS(Vb{a$Q z34Gj2TABDU>$#o}mJTX@ViSDli}znx({YAQRn97wzkYoOd##rJC^kmoGbhB0{~4&5uJga^~E+Z3W6LM$wQQUfT9U$Z1$ z?zi7ZMR+}{d$2F=k9|^bd0Oz_In}BjPxwr9PFCu_H9Y)3FDLweOQ!h$`RhV&2}UFP z|KMxL)S~Sx*;}o#8x;xZ`al*--defgy{(yo9^OqMjL|wrMH@gCP9XR*Q11 z$xiDp!zOq37on)A((uWMfQ7erNR`wY)=3g&~u&YB`YcUIhw= zBRryD2|i36PrsNstlFQP4%J$-+8&==-7*^zcK}%Zr=;b_yHe6B=O}Agey;C(NhmQ` zDw8pPxlp0>#`)va%}F|gT!K2)cOTdL#d^2Roljh-GYKxVvsfdjIJ26SneNC9hFxMD zv3O9wd$_M{fM>y0M-c8q_qW}FHB(DtH@K4gH2-+?T6pkoX9e@Vo1e`n=B0szEdHGS zWS(~q7RC`Z-U~N|uY-s4f3?FFghV2KcG$hw`=1&X{!d*$|E-PT|9|(tHbVVxEQz;1 z=<1=E{3z&`meP04>-9h7)zQ;lEoMQJTHKtaTL{FH1)x$2YEMfg(*r|7LXIV&Ct_^m za{JEmQC;LrflfV$E~K75#S^QQOVd9 zrzewf&$lpSYJ8;WvZRzpefx(|Lqc9&XvqL;`8Nxl%F^C(@XHzb3UKSLj})XE9c@<+K_%1f0*?SQ!6@4DTf!IjA|7|h#Q2Njy$annTk|#ns3e3@9sY))LFS*bQ z2_-@~DE0e&VFw~$@x`7Q8D-07*&ePoFj=hYi>8>EpFRK52~% z4U@;X%G7`!f*vn9IXTd{=`wv2y?G8&tSgkwetpP(W8@AoF)<+kYvM=IMW)N#M*$^1QqEq9mQpldft}H z22zaaaSA#|A_gxps6AWQl=;1RI5MK*!I97n%16l>N(|uB zW|)^NgRhe4rR2(P_K-nEe6cPA+fga&^0z(b6PO(QT7TP>_mg0p~<hzw@L@Uzr)l6H9X4s-(I+ZuN~&5IyH+W9xx_vb+&c zPFze=D703ZS#ZYL323dPJ86w=9)gZDHkQN@%g)Y@ZyK%A4Fhs&9a>hRVD&tr-w&vL zOG`_^aG>ol=7@=r4i_KoXj9k!45d5cTY-O^~%E@`a#MGgso;xg~^tt+r zLv?L!ZK5aoIxW1LBal734oa1ZiV9dP$iOegD#>K#jiJ2^PYjKSVC!pTB|j)Q^N8YC z{!1er=sMN&3`*2yD+;X`B-1~pF~(r+1P}@gnv{XTvUKwB^0u~kxYJHe8U2lFo?@{v zGBaBYcdxD))h+7d-n1wLda>Wg4w}n+d6~7Pq|halu0)$y7`@p$J67Sn%3Vf3%F2wn z#n&K40bq{gMxPLZZDOe$NyBZELje%*&%IH>V93$=vm5BjaF#>)Kf)0 z3NqW`@V8Q)qkNi=ll+~#U3zkA)#x5)Y^*+QcxD@IaW5kWM~#Bm)9~QI1{9Gy8O=M( z(~pxT*b6Rgi~m>u zyRxklyB?Iec15f}2W45A{p?Tg1}s639wo14-JHBU&?zPv6WXFE_>eV9<^mtzgJIq_1pB{YuO6yo3cps?=7O$n1*coM9 zrcTVJ`THaq9I3GD;g|oY5dp3b{O|$q7QF#Cum`y>a?m`?o>xSIA_uyeb&eSVgjxz; zvpjnA2nrnQa<5iW{W5isHa^_J1EsVW6j})h36Y;ZeYLk)>7gi7-#o6&?y0)?v-H#Z z+KlI=dqTIv#t3Wc_Vvp92Eo+6nzb&E=;)fY#OCB>=?AB(9no>_()QKIvd)8F=Is(rx(LtAg6Y_!v^Bs}}0@oGe;iojSJ@ zfY*oe=poiY%XBpIgFKL1(4d`BChYuoQ5;uz(cQm%#>2Ha=+37EScG%Ko-ey1H(IS9 z*6cI@p+(D^49EfGGf&w<{xzXX)t|0|c$WHKkN|}gK-{h~pdg`SfAd&fJ-&1q3Rmcr zmY0>?=adA$ASvnJn(XT!o$=xT_NZXgHO?CXK}=lS1GnP_icrb>Z}kt?1`U4~zD3=Z zZVvwN;hCHq2xJRNmy3#u0F_3q7YsUp*H9jn!W=U0POFRzV?VM2MSvh=D5z zFYRAK1e0dTbB5s5mny!nu+Yq_l%tG^i3yh&pzN1+bF0xVI6CeeXMvE^|TC??+(f|~MR|+0pfQ17P zH`WW1$#%``A%CP%X?#MYQEBT7boZD0vDbG*!si;x<}PWW-5>fx%zhW9rlkBl%kN1R zy-b)vW~Qf$x6pb=JZYgt`81=-;j(9R!`>;mb!Toof+29R*Ufz%fG-f((<>Zq)jaQ{@9hN? zad2?J0fmWV$tSvOmW|%Pr9}Qhr|OF3Xk2)Z%@)_a+@CIW1RX0&9Z`Um{TVS7sguFS zAYGKfr#^8fNgoX}Pz*S7#-7Q?QTx=UvP$YdS3k<`vcH-x6;4D%6h^|4=6QJmf<$as zU)c9@7vQ9;o%b@e3vh98DEO@2C@T+v$hf4q_~OX(lJ`pS?PIJ%w@dGH-~W%PxH>*n z7(JB;8(Y|=dQfTq{wr)}L&Dwu@l}gYh`6A-DR%v2B~FHq`#p^sD?N#4!v!8oP7@#v zx=aRIOL(t~3xs~#Dwe<-xI$yOj_YRG3N)91Tp1Y(PeD)vG!Po+&m)@>u;n@4X_5_m zI=150@+VH7QO)JRGx%IhBAiJ3I8!&=B6dJ`ziE6&1K;^(ZKt?0cr73bTVdhHr>3=? zm!bx<6l}>=)znS~lP^lEs>a`Op6_Rg-g!Cd76lh)(`zf{`AWAtXXJp>YyE{ceJz*d zB3X$|&uTgkheI0m9n;~Ye|tMe`a6Yt6O`_@wk5ybL>!)kM83*ZF`ubRyu8eK9^1UM*tGuI;wQh`5%I5)elJkdtA}U%wxdi#*@< zgx+~}gDw)|L?iC_$;nC4^ECxRi6WM2kTpX)lHE~ovo`&%^o?!3wglSj#xo(w!h%pl zI~9ibnmhJM75r!N=1&_+N~>GQ*r~9mG^HjIPDki zDY}r>?Y(}6v0Ypllm6hXWThFKxrHOeEo1QqB7vPaksCd8dgx$4JhH~=YhlSZ&%Ljq z*8%T$Ifv_cyg+r?W<7Z&0RXR-kgPF}OC?wXbStEy!4}DflfgSzX&Elz*oeg&BNRW?P2E>hZ7S}> zS2e8i4&NK+rI^RRQDCM&_^IG`v6hv*>`0&ukI9H^9~u}K$Q$^xxZ0nt@x$x{40yP& zuMZxqFqL0pw)MBuc>Zj+xH1wvIVG&x49GdIxH(lYIS4IN>m4~K!?~)$KkV%Yg6SsHO3dD|LlOwx_zk$$w35FW=>mq;>%dwY|L^ zydFTNV<1Xc>Wl%|2#@i=R|_q^(f&IUO7MgQ28ATIonPoP&MOob#!fY>*)iRMM}s3H z@Z19VB%!gBPGiu*9vn;1iioSLt6w!MIZiZjJB}qtrdL`ow1D@R@i^OrXJ=gH0)>T& z?><3x2Fc*JZ%k5qxS~kKSq%rbT%~kLeFFmle;bIA(2llq>?62^y1zLw%0UFlS)K~k z<&PMJc*m`;8&=3oOV0#;+sxQx^uL*vomqoDFk_d zu!YAMKvruv@Kw5j`0TLQdDH_M)%wTBPeIuD;nGHZ1v^~ibQLnI+LP$S^z!23Vt7zR z#@DZ1U-(NvmYbdt6@G`6(;32LCm8+ZZkB-|V%PY)}8XqJ(RDJn>qn zfbmfwXVHONJ;=-jvC=u1v(ulVR**X_?&{$@OsM{|0;&X#%aErY{M`>4^EAqjCoc_yPY$ecO**zXHe%MyIPD{b#W!wN$63u11%Feza;iUDIA{22y6|uz{y?0Eevj z`Zcs<{1Uy`4F_T$MB&A}TJ9@?GbcNZxH|3!!_ZXdg1l{hHDCr|;j1=3_Pe3mwMWwf z8P8io$wsHJLH!3*1m2itN;y1pq{Ofnnhzi`=#77rTP>~f{q=4OndQ*X5S-3Zm24OgrBBZvIYM(zESo&O4}pyly|nx0;=p-foI;SL$uM)GpQ`3Gc&PeC0Ujq0cT zJcFJuq>$)F?!aV->Y3o6|6g3NskNR|LsfP3_wU%axSSU`W;_$gpawYGs@?|uH#CY} zsfmPLe|T1{Pe$Y2;}48E-(MYfI-U!FHpVN-#(^TfPM$avxqul zjy4W?fi2ASVYLl$T{VPN$@WjQzd=&#v6!eN9P_lH;=_u0s;J#+U-fn!sDh#Q<4W&W zf4*r6&2FLae4yZ9fam0%J;S?nPK?pwj~^WxQdU-Wq7oMqMXBJa8onBDXTDq6-E05# z+6pRS3g1J$WCn1w>+T=-hkG=6*3XuWYIEHUy?T_ zO|oC$V{ZEh4}bCX_Xn;DdRga1FBU|r?4y|L%E4bhU+vJs4{m;;qjOn3bN+wKFGWcI z_s3_NKelOeo~_-=xA*-iNYlt6+;*1A3Sij!rOXdxoa(})*}Ctwr|X}$y}iBv|K9&^ zTlnZmUTfLS*(cTkn?R@Q_Ed81d+X&?EZ>*bu;!SsTAr$rvXK3W}c8Pu-dyVdooh3`*Y4@`3X=Kcq_$9iVGJA9F6!c_?l<5R!aEivVP zwNhi5uwH_h&(296m-i-rdFQ941zddT=hxTS8M!INbNjBM%59f{v$sz-YR^{@JfW~m zUVnbm`Ri`wvwzo^EG-2EI?yb2pviJ?f-kCTFI2zg=Ain~&75oR2TxaEpWxAYGxeIj zz@nl}AC}&#nRMiFrQe~y6+cC)l5$H{SNiuXYXK*QM7N(yfZ@|ztMw~I71&PXSfO%H zX#Z#VE9tYpX0#>P)bgeW{dxro#5tatxvD>GoENBm3^M=rqWM?OX1TKhJbuZ+`Bxb*taaOMWt0W#8EcXETE~sl42I@l9CxzNp?t zgT*zMrnWo-CK}ss%BOp{fSQ6lv#;H_@#E8JeSRsE6TdG2)7E6nj>PxJhqnp_crKYx zu;X~UI$PzSYunIjn zSL%Ri=YC1<1r@+a^|fKZ&eC__nknFxB2I4Z)hkzKW@LDHc|8&bwRtNme*&%NP<;FL zEwE`-bd0rtzg6x4>*SLmQBl91&CXvJw|Cc?H95fEiiz)M)4Pf)Do+~Oy9(oau3cQ!NcXv@CK036?ojg1Wo3Q9{;JH1KfxGr!v+STxQUQW)Ht5!t;kJXBa zxzi!23@mPc02`_Afd2UQ<|fdo?R>IPzyShal?vRkxWKU)*z{Qp9ADcxpS^(_a>^X$ gv2$nxL;vMJ*S=aU;bt`xc$^=Dr>mdKI;Vst08zdc&Hw-a literal 0 HcmV?d00001 diff --git a/fig/simple-analysis-rendered-unnamed-chunk-5-1.png b/fig/simple-analysis-rendered-unnamed-chunk-5-1.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..01bdd3492818928507061f4ba14ec73442ed5e85 GIT binary patch literal 22930 zcmdSBWl&r}*Dg9F0TSGTOG0qB;1U@U+->mS7F-7>K?ZjnAV7fN3>w@acm{&IyITgm zJMaBYefQjdr_T9vsG6c?cJJ=qt5>gH@;n=+qVy3LixLY20^!QafYm@Cw7>s8Pagrl zu*zAn0RNsj%0OH|AZ((4AGEOrzgrOK1xObBR>Kp%zu=KdJ(0$Jf2FZKF9G2nV~}Pb z=nNouQS&0Q!%Po@+tb5I=O%scm_MX8#cld#U((i_d*o{i#^m&L@1^K3<4U_UyTE>m zXB(wRu;T7~(#TOv`p%Bd!Z?5WBpl^O`%ZbH$Yrry{m$JjSUu832^gBIXci3wYCj1E zh; zSN@mP*~9QE>+ynvxq5AO+SKsZwv){_3r8bxwL9?A)Rf19+mxmlR%#86n7gZ+n>o|< z{r&yr<>f?)wl*)@kD&_xyFEDTT;1oU&2-yhA{>Qab4Z5Z=Kw-P2aqvE?VE<@}H~WfYdzP+%o;| zQAU3|$!6!~j67G+W#dJ~#H3DO%8`+g`i>pwLJO|rM)#*Fj>0}&xI#XtK_e}ajpLQB z%hee1Q<=@6319Bm5L%J|2HAsy1GE#%RmLBe}99k|W-@J$w8EnNl z$$mg(D@$Db;nb_Esj0!i#ceqo5$iDiT~#XKeF=x|7KvyMt4-sk#V;-{ex9pqIUQg} z=x~r=5vuz7N)R^amtS8)QwH<*8s`oce>$xtC`)=Rx1%YJhjTtY} zv9U4d5s|G@y?T2`$KQJwl6U9hD04ykdC!$#vU0=Z!uWTdpl*LcLBj><~9v&VQI*8oD!ovLgjY$5HpIceplvGsz zBoIXdieLE!aq~e!Mf?7ZjR?kr=1yo;BgPPAFm7jHY2c+Z!O=EhXmqp+L=ML?z?xHq0*{`z89J!4c6(5 z4%{^y^6_%FSgepF>+~uPF@X*d4;Evgx8O+LP`;2)zpC_075XV%4YV~Ua_;%MQcW1} z*!h#>GQAHQ($pDbcMlF|XlUH*d50TbjhU01;$qZ}Rzb z*9k8l-fEn!c@gQMc2do%cvsDM1`+To{4hNK=?E(PIlD8HmK1U{ zTk63j`$nHFNiJWF(Lo&6w`N#TZx(_Z+I9IE5532Pw{6MD&YnJwM{yiwxTV2nzNE0C zVqs?1eRM^3^EI`=n*0MI(`c|NBqZeYD#c~HaYV$UL4TwN_-{M^tq8#8d8YR?Gw3h+{gmb*8D+e|+r7L+(0) z$Jmt`$XN{M36mMG0n@9htE)p8kyaY<--FoC%9{=c(mF*RMjvjKf$>8_sVFJokE^*& zxlz76!ooV*+S(jm`D(0?Kl1qRBmSg{aitrzsj|Za#y>XN|2Z4g#=VF2g zsEPg;n_4*KDpP8WV1q!vJaU<@SH2qBO^)A$xEO*!Z(4~ZkZqpA`UeCckVQT4rSO18 zfh1#Mnf>IOAt<0>zgzJ3*Xw9-Ni-y2I0xYPabAM;L<+Wax}529);Ib*O5 z7#tP1fj4}Re0Wz}R$;NN@+)V>%rcYNGB-E!v!By~21A_#526%lsXJc=|9L|PszyFb z-^Ryb))Ksdv8< z_X)Dk22~Go{C#opL7+{3Bz@hTIF8LW^!7|_SNspzD|$oq5}##JlgO*97s%{Xq7Z2? z{MYL3MENgsdE4Qwy6$>$8a~&8LM5gGZb*43Wof;kkdRd8t50g0jTcKYY3O>a?Jzrc z|F86{31_9O92%y$_?oQLEFF@c%PA&hI$zM6MB?MpdXB!v7Ts)WK0HvJ)ZP2k{fE-y zU459$b&P+GOzN&92cEH<#YV^Pg}&AFe(X`~V3r_uK4lfox7y0!jK3MY=3Pr4bjkE; zFV^vAEzNdY1`w%!0&sCkC4@>?Zd`FN_KR>x^7aTw1>8ZC1^SiGZh24MvO#w zBHt1&?nkTr2>D2F_USx>SVoy4Nh)qbd4P$(_uXq@0!$vaYHp;MsU)2&k$iUv%~J&# z3Us9(fA#rHm1g|j{*vyXWQ;C9`Hm4vKRZeG`ti?BH3C+nfE;$T0)-l| zGMJ?MwO7#Z=C`ylan@R51OYQ;*B-sP$-p^ioep;ajv$$2bIPWbBujnnY^mTXOF}|s zB@&#f4zwn=P|}Fu*NWo}0S3M0eK~-&e%DL-3MKBS1C#+%EyI}CSAUWgfq6ZS9tXP%!|yx$si zOG`>5{=6CbBQ=P9+%QUn7=1o(>*rtH7aZg!NUPdBQ0hW)+edEM_~PPZbBd6h;QgQY)2BStlGVO zYk>DTN&7J3QHO*&NS(E@kr2SLO?B?1qD z9Z){gd1R0ApRiJP6uAWy5%43`U;ILR%#trMU7j zQ?Yo7TQ<7-b)1gh#J)lT4N_rQw?Hp4FMc_d@VAqMrEPN>fxORGpFUv?T72>Y{_naU zJn}gP{u9S-3}dz@isykKMq;x>+8;C)X!}4HQ9u)Rwg&y_BC;pZ|Mfjg2UI_T{V3EP zR3Nhsj*)=AeG>FDn%0=@tK#|J7H%BUrzf7&F;6jnq*lVR(48=p3FZ%&q@XqL3!S zFS)T(5lfb!BtlUn<`+P87+<2tzz*1oSza6MJ+R%JcGhv3_PLpBU zyJ7rD{RN{Pr6qjU^{Nw?ymPK)$BTTm@3s?oPYND~G@<=S`~}M*NfM`x40?eve~+QU zn?o!?c(#Tm|F+UNtnwqi3L%o%mq&)z4D;oa<4jzYmmS0sRbT$iv*2yNS?y!ARNp7c z=NtsxN4{@mh|aDZDW1PU2YvyJ56e&9N8jj!fTzG&EvEXkd`0ob91L6;{J`*5Uk+d8 z8PFBpLfF@pKca7>fm?8H0v>&OD{c(>MwH78^^YZb#y4z(`Dh%?`yBL~P#l@i_dY!6 z3}FK3Bj7T!y@2M{kM^x@>bzVgmw02|t^9A9@x=LXzR|A&W48YY4KnU{K|zj=W<0j} zCb#cLXlFaiQ=lg)Br)wR8Zn@b?|y2$Cy4L% z@%uL^Ru_8YT42z-4q&zk0?b4b*e2gioGM>@cneB}H^gl}1{zay1jz58FE#o3SQwT0ka`{2y+BsBk+FllDcfr?_7qjmNJl zj=@vT`uTXk6T46Ro_6p4se@pL(wfz|!Sbhds$a*8rTV7Xx1b@W=SYs8eO8))HKX@H4cT|svMud@a8#epiT$=Vpi`-f>Ujq)f<=N&i*tM6!5(gjO1&E)z zy1KyYS2vsyF7zMZ!du<2{h%=TRRr*#TF($AVCGM2|(Q)Qkas=J<0Pfwv{ccf%KLU_98AJ)ZDY^8L~@ z!wq9bDi30j;uU?b&I^KHc2mV=7Ze!S7%-MN8PAqQlaoR<)^Pz}$?PugKLU!XBwMB` zaWdU|7i@AXukEg!Mh5!fRCu9ZI=;QX1Dla!Z0T!iZkYh?I}nUSXid5G>L7#_$0K`8 z&|jUPd_=NIW#gL-9eBtiKjd+xu-_f(H1_r0XHR4jS2GnvUNDRU%+9hUPI=@B?v?_m8>@D7Ie#;lVEXLkLYfcskuA@Q6wUW{iVUTbyCg$ zgd7MR1-I3yi9{t?;p8Y^(>yTHSo^dcrZo~#=WmeHWy)l(z6L_CvU*-($DoqypJf-B%9uk ztFyY;TpBgpJ;%x?Pf(X7eM*{|LDu}9dm3&lR;EYm-_;1o?4!oLav)oP=dU%ns)26ndD2D3 zlfl#b2rV4UqGBRM46*~vz;kvjpNkTsVYu^NS$%<#w>WL6R7p_qyW8!!-Coc*6Txa6 zPe$9fStrmCp3ABzw2C{wuV*Uvjl&~_0e#tX60DWqQ9L?4VDfytZ+0$>$Z8ebnB`3! zRpUg_fc{i|n552o*b@rIa`O-f+LZ#@e{NcLjvEZ#e}O^T{XPJV>C*@xN7B*`3h}qg zFWW&0yeUM!EMQ?e_9vt`E0Nf5P@5{b%x0LXl`3IG&jzS|KL%l?zlUY5K=L{r8)V&9 zwsGI2ZK~zs2S4>b&ozEKPmZQiE|R#-8t~@@9%(1wJ#GAJ9_+Z({N~tGCZK9KA52%; z(KFTA4*1-s!#QB(9D$WiNJ^mi}2_ zoR2e0Dl_=q*S&4Dfmg=4%(?egD_a$7fzMYfo8rm-;(-FFO_;7t9Jeh5vAnRvkK<8~ zyG3I9EG20JAePaL*D7IaTp2UHg##^woaJdBHhHOgbwGeimS|qi03E!K0v=@;QLSpE zF(*Pm7j7vfgkh-<8hGWG>yP@yLP$fcbVw&xS>ScsE=fsI?ykavtE0#%HLH2R0WXPo$lvrCETw&mvliU?|<$4{QaZU=iLhD;2L)B zo|sQVx<98yU5zce0044y5UjW9wZ#)-W#@<)QH zKRQ@QK}^*2#EvA@4&H#2tX#N|b2?k}dptyUrG+wf-&-ekcX~}RK-5D>Fn6uT>3hr) z8gzv(+OHxTBz!>H6)7&O1g5d!@Jx`1;TU@MOKeUliFtx1^t-~d@ls*8QK8`tvic*NgDyg zj;U;u^PO%{`1qPY97&9XE1iEYw)11}`vgUkiT^VTM6fJY_RLWFA{Rp1ck~$ZXqYNP zaOHCvYy=exhAZP6UKa^u^`%nD9uF`CXivw=%_HuU#=pKsfM&Q+3T}!{v2%+ufrUhJ zWBNw*{E_HE92#FrcF;~=QV`nO*5fH#|IQF8j_utR?4pAAb}aW(r-w?~ff4XGN`7R(GQ4n5OaZ#C!tEM16I4sltJ@v!*Hu zTsIVgo54*;n9=zOIv3qaPFVEVx0_*d+DutPGbt=f5hHb!&VDCx#K5xUdi75pI_9|d zoQ4P3yM&o?T%mW`b>bP%8Sso@-|M1TnV=a>d+jpv%)FE99<1T-z#l&(>@=M2x(t;$ z#2YT_Dx`9a`^{-6@GD}EmIuw?!m@s~b~^LH43js4nmo(PzvK-cfHjWP@nUSi5DybX zFO#)lM8m;BQ3!Sq;!y z!UmpI>y{2Y3@^&em-l$(Wpda@N?mHwMD2=|t}l~|3(r4dF(T^lO2+zH@tIw3HbYH$ zGyCYz=uk5&*h>!j530UhZUYx|?!KGZVLuAmbA|*4Q*PyzUq`*ZhlLykklDv)B=%&_zKuTmRA4idGlOMmY0vSH~s7 z`Qr85;@#VeBguk?OEOPtks(rwU6Q5nI$R9{;`C zq8fBO9lgSd*ZI7hc9S`GusQ_0y#bf@K&mh^duGi$Nz*9Qc0p17Bc8{x+kKV&M@Y+f z+~L_aX2kir2|5Yv?qc~VVO%a7-E|o1_{hpJAgq%$Z#mT}Ejp5kShRPFgUt45*|+68 z8Es}~NA!K^C$_(Vcm0zlaW6%c{$?}1QER@G%3 z8G}IZMi^J&p zN(_0^gkKdbKjx1Y`LH`Hl~`#sZBU?pf#x;bFgAL~@Asfb%kB{{*6~x4q_5{Mk4x+} zbLFIaNp9D9R+sl{|Jc{Bm2Frj4z$WqDn54`1Kj?%BdtVJzBdMP8ePZ?X9Nn{)1d+8 z_d<2~_Tx9(wi+wh`}6awj_LPL$rDEX>rq9cXJ+pn7X5X_>b1#v+fRTc3aqWu79rmeJHAHB>>5}?N|cNmHs10nuFi}8Y|~k>#9wAGY?!{)Dye6_69-uuylM~{ z=r8(Sc*LUTtd=(1kiJ<&cP(=}fKS=x74Z2sm@-C*OFv)@2apz!ZH|eq1e-WVK$88B zqC3KgdHh_@&wt`@QzofpiRE+SqOWA8fWZTn`Lc!=kS3YJaS{ZU^Qx|Gc8Q zSJidGvi3lzp~~p9wr#jMJ&{8N)S?aTsAN+AEE?%sw-m{Qcc;lT?l5;m$+( zByPinI%5bmP5rM+8g#thWHmJ%wlNy%?sok}<;wnxJ{#z!YuxPEAYI-FymF*d}7*0CSl{pc+!9pBn^a#!l^C1Zj&2D2B-v#_wR zVI$)tUr9k?Itr~UTJ4xj{gcCPR<+YZa*!tP6J+n=7P~!SG?=LhTu^ukCcN~{O$$EzLfp(FB2M(V2w9(7I(jA3BIo9(wne!z{{su4dW~-0ylnc= ze@{ab(L-*k?{q{Nmc6*jkJBZfIQg65&MksQ4H58MnxX>64kJI>lda)g**Wvt;bHX- zzateEQan3$oOtSsd1u;wQ-0X-FI>ENd35}(VXYzQ2A?XY zL_G%3w}A0rReb;Vg^VJN z0UjLs)0;c^S>#0gz0h9I-+9E$&TH|>K8lPEFs`X>8dV4o!#l5)*v7_)n?tnd;~YID z6Z_Uy#9JDiRwL^iqTD#D%^0g2=KqF?+DgD(ddauM;{{+p7`Jz0Y+lB6icAS8)^l98 z+LkTdcQ!9eY!;83Mn(w`1o-yr0XZw{<26@~!4+ zjM)A~qVUhsX{#qc&kA%(t2qXNG>iyQlftI%uw}*9@Tr^@=_H>*^Ggf1BeY>Ukp^4R=}jMPwgj!jtKQT*Rl1Ds-iI6*jY)6V$;s&sjKbyM zA+mz7o}MsnK}(-sY)|}ILJ%!JA##(gq+w}U!<;G@017^Ay48sEs*EQt@)JnU()tLp=m_ZDmrRgyVO4HMCB7_>85IUvH(2?)fx_}0-Z0bMT(vN2_%1IbP zQ3Y@e`n4@pl@8%s@Lpbl5oIi#X$sdqttLg{Npk%_4Y}IYfV+;hAg!Qi4>}S){OM@r zx&E`AM|fpc>6;f&`POk~D3DA_8Pw#^9r5BzJBPOPkaGX4bq+mLjw0U+74+QD>q192 zD=_$636wU_}8=x<}mv{`}nc5A2DQow{^SmkSkOib@>s2+@)l8e>5lh=ivgf zhL3-;lCw6u&Ee)Kych0i{kCa-O00aD<{Va^VMGK3~W%l7SK0Q`@`w@$c_% z5dmL2F7PGbRqwtensH+d98WIZ$&+)c)rZ0KDCpPRXBT8b7Lw!~HJdzqCh z#W@osh#GpmnGmDoomZ`48zpuJ-Fl-{ftVB&>_0;UO3Y0cB~T3H;>0C-@dz6kdIa8A z)14xby+YX)OSe?4X*`1WW3$0x)}NSOAY%~1baU8ZrnnA9KbHKJM}B-o+0?ZNR<1^_ z5#pHc>lAM<3!X}+q&u{Y#9YwD6j;*4(6{*syaR{yF!qMA#Pb=7QNE;~oaItvLbCUN zz53;+iz;6uEOb8EC~Z}3I#}ARYZG+5i+Yt}7hBQV>-pEi%-EG*_%L?+jK{*T;qC7B zpVlk?VQoVWt#JJF28_nglq}J-aAv}u$wirwM6WM)y&`5rj&#< zlv4KmxtA$A9p_&n$>?PVZX|#BohNLn$G9)}3Q?esG(birX$-xRixPjXGA3xpopGIV zu&wvET(+0Uh~1c8j^b^s%A*i|(3_}Jz3d2a+7fG8|N9xfh^hTWN)c-!Q$?{@>}WwY z*+ehdXQroKWT_6#qMV$Mgx}L5y z8C0KqW3drdFeLFsnodW{^ua{kU@Saoa#E;Q%T80EX^ zs7+IUJ|l0hQn>Zxk*9&=QP3JmZ@DS&Fvr?6L?nWL@_5RK%fLC>7V^!|IbW3JZ_O0XdnfT%?FVgupgd!}?E>eQQMQNP#J# zM7zSU%B=qifP7KlmFNa>&8)7EG#Q1|dNkf|EJ3^r@0T9T?>A0X)U~u3oAqDU{+YCI z{c>Y3moN%pHgd1M&uc=x2^>_rt7wzi%JSEL>{&4FVye&ObulB-hk;h0y#n@sxV!S- zRnLb0T?rkPxSBsaJjA5)aSZ7y&b?11ohs{EQ>ID(3!r+~Q}kaNImS)+x^918b1rg2 zpO$4Wm1rua>4CA6<0wVmI8Ex_HDh1U-35H?Ofzq8F_7bUSEw+0A=vZN+*CwQ~#03)b4= zKB|QnTJgM_6j0vP>0ay%=yhx+Q97^USaKfZ{P&mu&gOVbo;!*9skWUrCUK+n=c9;= z4>d9a#vLlPuLgcs1%wUw6I@c~$VG+;bWtjqEj-Q{P-xhtJoP+(KvB%RZ|GgiY0)z+ ztSFL$Tc3JuRi|Y4kqJ^W2NU0M`<+CX4<_FMXf4+UeE?A?b&ZU%5H2NFH`0hmZsda& z@b)Hi0KUEt{D)LQKhX};5>iSKV`LRt@m8T_g*Y*6?`lat#9s12q2_au>YUDkRsM5! zimk~*nhD&;U`=7<)Z}Dw@pb!Sd;(-=Fg6*du0XYF2ZM~T!qKmF{Uqjcdmog{w2DD* zr~^YUFx?{5d~)DK-=5rzY%GKAuNPi%g(LDIN224iO-;9PUZ4SO zVI-ZfT6n;)!_Zgyme+o>EoMXqLKa0Gnxtn z8#}!l*Cytbwip(H3ZTI|`6-3~{tXkK_I8!5&2ux&(hyK5eri(Tu)T(l*5898%HCuC z1BbqvZ1^SWS~;s45P&5WdIjM72L2%(0d%6Lc-GBflfy!zHSJ@wOE&RayINUnvJ7P@ z!vhxMVxWgeMSP;I1aEh=H>|-x-Sr>94k)SRm_ts4L)6k#jx=#2h%b!wM25)Wp9=+?(5lX0QX&bQQ2s%WZA&QHm7iu_U$5zcJmBa&T z^v}K=js;uLnwFZrjPC5H>CzFZR?b_RAe#u=zQ~I^f0Hq0ZK>nXW;pTFg1Ak7)@2`j zTf|oD;jHiZcpTSsVMtETI~PpiJc!v#m&le~H6S|M6B=4fIb~-er7LKyad7`7sL)%- zJ9Gj->yG09H`q5}^v1kuSQraeKQ7Icm8D2F*Zl06R`4be6HoqgW^-FiO>@aTTEVwc zgnjEpnZvN7jtbMwZsbpUqBx&x$fo?LdGz2@=AWN^k>$vJy-zKMTG|dY606NGnB`)= zKM5=!3Z{ns*8^vV1RR0ILKPHJa}(=Zx-lwSoJ8JTV=pr5m$%d4P?sw;C8ue99IYc&7b z!CyphT6E|gAZ#h0e=4DZ#SGQdgt4S4=qA_NOcVon)L}af6%mvJ7lSl!wl7fX|IZLv z3de!1K(%|71-=cajyq7ADTh>BbcNvlL(VQQFXM!wCnYdkq~lX4OLg>x=9)(4(-nGf z6dchgn2~Cepr?###U)D31~SMFYUzkA_H*w$Hvq^$3wjO$`4!W10A_cDFzriEPp9=< zMw{n(y;q4|2CUFfn>YZp4Gd$DB-CNK?UpxyaN^7x^7EyWHvlyBdDS4- z-u^xu^~;zoQNEnV2pSy|O+aYM5zlAZXuYH?#=T5WPfI&-*!qP|M8I^7Gr(>d@oMy;I^!m6G69&J7DD&h0+&C-~s}XA(PUhHa z*~~*EDAC+DDOYWh9$Y%4b4zGve%q>pR*0qxkW5H}F+&nqyUhIB{><99qKdoJZ0H+3 z*53CX`QD=vQIruWC1FC-dv~Q-31lOADZ`b&TcZYWd$Wa3BE<@$BbDY~njcJSJ$!K}{?eyo zn%8{kGbQB<0aS7FvTR_XUJvtf#A=&|YMnMO222lN&YKhF(E>i|f@!IE+ku z=-5w^u(^@`DD@-hseT04)TEH|+y$OX!(VI5!{(LE*@DK|eK{T5Cg%-|wUn!-`<=mc z(U+JWBnBR4ChL!jT;iO2ZqBps>#q^Y2=p>=O`g=E;hObv(Rb_3uC^$B--XNBp3K3% z=&9;!4C@VRSW4EoKQ!BUM)S16Kf$Q2xEKfzM`aselC&{U+bu3>Jx!|cIm=k8>1$KWSIfTJw*)Y?*EZc43C7X*BS{xH z9KGw<++MYQGh>X{W)L~yMS-?5?pbO_p|%IzgJ_5TlBr4y@ta&xzN>}}mr2AXs`tp> zRPtoYMMjA+H>yfpv_j(8!#}&>SH?oz^Rrv{xX~r9L2It2-SFJzGjK0yw71;aBxWu$SoDsdP`$_U#Q-Do8>04sgZl+Uad@>+KL4|_>&>T+w z8O{^~_nDi;t5!vTBQaakzjvXQkf>i+k6fbb!543gPd{ zX%}Eie}q+Z!M5@}PDHx(FQ0SMg|~f*B=l9VO$6uDzPaXr5~*UK2pdg8ktl4fgVYFg ziqcVx+8Y%+)}ejXXD|zpxK9zjOU6vbdo>Zrkt$#KByd`+)=k4gDEYe z*E7Cj+rMf;F-LC8VM{s{G*QBd>u?Uk^%++C`s(OW`d@Xic z+QM8vNKa3n>jn5;l|LEiBM?(BP+&9gpJ`hu4-a*ua-NF1K0f8uwF zc}{otZKHolNc@IHDkvj+i`oa8Q)$*)F2RM&kj9DFqODC~xS*3{;*^rcpB(7Ex?KG} z2>;@8qVi6jpzGz3UpSl5`C>)blQwz3LT;_|F}zd>p5Mc8 zzyrv43ssjnt5*G3#(dW(6`p`_AtRD7d)CNH5H8Fhc~?zUUN;{|vm1W3S3-M+dx`niS&Nj8VHZY1l)_nU2I z$A5Jo0|lh^5)Q_f?7!X2c(mf4lMqWF6W0?_@37>zKaCiYIsiXxW;h%!wPlA9 z!N5Qk5vQxF)QnFSTwFXh{i7H@)>Tqa7NsWQe~4-}oNScT&VDm!6(z zRSmevSr-in613y!wzyi)YY=v8@4y?vgS1w8%Jg)6R}!*qkeA=_7jGPOhHwp?fM>=|cE| zdRkIyf$YrwXx;+s5_3GT#nX=wrB*~@TDr{9#iKATfRm>~40qX*;TUA2`0|MyU}`{d zx*Ssnfjny&Tx$Sg-B>OrpivbMWI+WK2M2up*3TKPYi*|h|En%1XQcy(Do^{F`7MEf zFUTJd@9{>85mT-)&yT%EbBMe93wmkQDk;(CH(6Yq%q2?SzrY?W{gtr4Pw%sGSo)o8 zR@n>>%A+Dk@1Jb>h+_++sG?HA+Onr{x}-O`@!xOJ?<{O*C;xLc5aF(`L$DX2m-6Gu+o*- zw0i6UaY9KhuT0}G!X>uIHE3hc@e8(TWpYtCmw#RwY12zZ%bl?BIWp?G<=XRnb~=1| z8WeZ~GOSoin2e-WtQmB+D9AA7U}yUf_~ykc!BdnE3{3A5&L9iSj2tIAIvOfYTR)eH z@SGG?z!XOiRZZD9Zn)yENeqo0iJ2Z)PKhA0s-{dYMMw4hi8C;$xZw-)U^fb?F|f;y zj?1;^Sx>ij4h+K4(&^>CA)O&VIxtJiU$xqeN$x1QMS5p zcIF=qO*gIrYuy(FEbhr%{}Q*QEWru!|M)3?M2Nhly4FsF6Jb3jk-XWXTPp1Uuq{JO zTzvlwCD*FHC1>|vRF%nl)anH^f>RRUxj34q7qAXGk96dGHlK%fTZ4{(A-Mwzx`s#)x*4~kwZqIsVKlNXl`O4 z+^U#Gn0qJbX}=Qri&+ch$qv~N$*CRwRhIYOd=YRe#L3~qNLR=;ny0I)EW$Qvh2xEH}ikHv#f5W3V^BRWo zPj7y-3mUk}k1XJw1=Z>yyxFRW#sye2?!0QmkoU%-m1Lt83`T58CXvtK=HwyP=^>v; zY=c}5sR1}DqbU#07v4>km`~(*E+Sj$1xe#_BJ7F)TsA~bOYNU>TSK%){!!{=<25ul z;28x)#l;fAV;x(q#>5Z9aLpPYi^%B%6xpVxcN#vn|g`| zl&?qJ678pWBb0NCSzl{&SSH=j{NAxH|JBW>e*ax)nO;*wAuToO4nmcYX!Pq)j-D;qXMF$YOMK5hUk_1B zW=^=K2}H|p8a+ZJ=Fe0u@#-BU5R zsVQ65zlY@fTqKq)v%@>~EWJ;%tTAen4&kk|F&G~U_U-G;L>lh>df93#)?Xz_ncVq` zgOt%fw!vV_wvjd_p5v^SsqD^dM}ka(pQEL)OBo!OL->IFQsW)!Qz~WQSl{`l?S{qn zbN!qzbm_P$<&Wk?+32HxGWbj{y8vB#eK#!$6kGiFOzx_1VI$^uUjpSkia{U>j(_h3 zfQ5MZ8CCCKWpNGi5nf2wq}ta#F_5%4SQ?+8jcp21KWw}nsk`>LHhH#SV~gETN~mQd z50)sHnwy^W>+lxfyqJ0%cZJuQx8PmqdRnA5_$W)k^*ng^{h7|V_~hiF?uImO`aWD z;!9%-AjluNa- zcRe%x;hVO%u*J|xIXZYWo-b9LU$Kwc3yh0MnJBcJ@X}NxahagFW-YuiIF;#)Wvl~| zB&uuWuT1r(ZO%)u-yJ^o<;`Xbrfk+Vy5%`Z_X_MHi40XJD*Hec)Ep@Q z0znP)Lt9$~Z&!FAKvu2mn_0Y?teU2*TZ6{Ln84(8w>T|;_zPu##lw(`_usP2z<(Cs zcFU;B^bb#5zOCdN2Iu{4S@Xr-l*9bb6CgpaQ*Xb3BY*`Ox3~1S^Ge9(h1Rm$ zZOx=af8`b{0=Sxvy;c~PE98X8HwuGk^F)pp(y!a(m3B8L7q`bg&{g{j@$^ag z%;deKOmj`nWKUXm58v*V<@FoKpu(rNakD|~*B1DoLr%~VjrdWT3^#PsN zWTWldqt^<%=;=Ua5f>MdoOD=FrdKZ)U*mUoeVz!so}jkA{tC!dDJp-8d@UdlRzuWn zr8HIRD6Bwn*!FPmf4}8F0zX{cUGGuF@0Ej*}o_qc>^X z0GefR!$jcnvm*S|Xgh>3rtf_YLE)p<1gi9L$IupZOF~t?G{EK9yHN6Zyjh!@FK{EH z5eVun2?x^~R!p^GGPFJK0yzCZ#ST>+mS7FZ%gb|fbHj5;Af^cE5K%UIr{Wkzs47f- zc>_qi<(99pfFA(hu-5Sr!@xY`>tHuG2pJ;yU5*)FnuxS&qA}0(@81M?p$qo)a|Z>H z(L)ZRaWYWxtf1;KUIt=W`cqHw9<88-47{U-t+VHQ!9xc*jd~|#h+@)!*% zyM&^U-C*qR@%-LD-s^g=_rKR)W3FM&{XO@6&biO>NoAy=>Rx(1M7+~>Dq140BNva~ zJC=UW8!43B)&Kdkwdue=|ELG-QIyy+P5&UjhTE{Bw_^)zCu3q`X+xBDCR_u3?rJ6o z6p`~y@;p6vO|%}V@pW>05yk{-5hCUxYn(|k6|Pk);Rvv~09v?pkPYrq+D!4R`Rl{ITG6$SDD=1BWZ}J-*8QGX0uJT#2 z^~>q_Sz%0bR_*krBA1=1QK#QBw_U!|jl{`xxtry8o8DOBQu?lF!Be!#`^kt#^V7~ zsn2l9%Okb%Hg){0Umq~L|LQN`3`G1tUhL9lh3`x!IBWri0ru3S$J?5k{`zvjU7U|h z(|qmg>&q!-Zel73^KuPkJ!!H%*^!>S_a9FE6CWN@#w?} zGOs6>2rRsRMh%C1izTDtdULY9~8XZLNsQOYitA$*Oa*H6kr7t%LWgz7uzm0iHnc>&=1I^(!}TmN?z@@~Tof zH65yi>~(x(Z=Y9MT3V^Oy|V+f3?Fj?+MSc=)VpS8FmxnlF&KC5Ixf&sS7O?q@44gn zy8s3*u}hrUUV@QGTWjlAxw);``<@CXsi~=W^ZT*S%;)T1zkcl=_te6(nL**F z=Ql%`a+0B*i-TvkafwO1+22{*GVb4Z>w5y+V3Za{pA3yH3|D^K+FyxlUWswPBOlEY zL}?XoTvm4IVrF4^19i4Ji6JoI`mbIT znM_UxJ`P7+irrYl?qT6>knUE-xf9d zwzTPu!E|Tc3c}j-4Gf4`y@Pj*%S!|_NFkIHSO%~ zzBE5y;#pUL7qW%{ad+(1v`_!L~9#Om?+?JgN z{T#Q*pH;r<0o=tfZVLH48ylZ~VMWK7+pAvo{^RAZydSTY#iYjNZAS*eFe!@yW#TXu zYuOLFdbc|*-tluqMAeh8O}AZL`vs*yG`jvLJL=t`AxP zBB~CiTjTtv_zyPR4~+JoO!)`xuVn>o62=eNNZ5AUe(a$HcmI{Zj@zsDza=1-#o&>8 z(+L$|)!ZP!W=l#n)1B{ourO`IivNpdg;M6019Qn#4J=;A59aJ zK&NuvivTQQ;JlP#;M&yG6v1*HS}qcrEZrYGcz|GUfYR?FE9juP$tx!Ehi@yTTv0dS zj7_gkD|ghxm=6pxT6o9jC;l9d(Y%UIc`N5U8TU-2KE&!=&hNqar2H`72Dmc4|eQ|!MWIBCyr!a`SI zzYcE+{>>Y!s(V@!9h}YM;(I@Uf^_@kr7b9SMSfZQR@zk4k8H=&WTOCi~Y^lHwyGv7y=0bi%oXvn_e8pL5Pg@b})&O>ROy z{`Dy}I5-&USn*d~q13*)G|q+Uo%Sp>uV0=0TA+~S4iDIQLmGsqHD$EGE2&Wpkvx3R z?4}_3$(=}CJL@n$J3KT2-REY5^}Un0DA3T98w45IF@pE3LKYnwg+dt`CXxRDrUy)l zCOayk_2g~%Z;Ff->eb;~O#NE9#v$cHn*;aSB2RV1 zoK@q(rKDU7+@)m5d4Ftg-`d-UQ>~pU8AkqStIEboi(w4VU}R#6wIMruwDhQm4oi@Q zvnk?X+HvP^l@%4u&dsr*Dypigs;d*ps}B`r(n@P;47VR&ApThgdB_kqMQ(pXn#x_& zFf{CkG&FT{k|(s>YSNm@StzAz{{|`;bym*{9L*>-cg~Og)(IoYmgAejRF(tXLt5BK zT+LS!#z$`EZc!!@V}lh)j-#fU7ZSVE;HIhalM{UHTr4Vz6KGX2u>x(pKavFL zoCFyfDNB|wT0}>S2pYs!*21OXo^sC{MKstsg^t~_mVIcW_eft!Vq_)?i_NQ}Yj1B? z$a+&+8sqqYxfcj>;^uG5?~(o<7#K(vx5BAPj5xS!>u0q(vh-%FM7YR|!cI9fjW(^} zVB#YXB5nISOU-KQ;niQ3HuYPh4i>`@*gSMJ23^MEj6LGOauOxS_ry>;7{j1%{|A=L z>G!s}N%j0&r3;rYyS6<)39+}CgTpjF;q;c=)w{=2%aPFP3?q@x{AKdiqN%JOM2&d$yPNA0i8+M(}kI_I%duEg==j}#Jyohf05N1;Z zr%c`Cv-V3%Svh#s+wa*>h)T=oL(1}GdiptOE0#9fb2{6fS&&|!@a5&)45sAdc#zW$hxPn4pUm@D-cekt4;Sc%%Du0E5ic3sP z1Z#FD<3|6_m2+~KOQNE;w`|6vHr?*em@`qhwomt+(^OKa6+$PVe3=&zNe){wY zIB+?ZS4LV@5FGs>qy0MnV+~!Z=u3An1YBVd=W~(avouIF+2`i%WUE@cHA zoZ#)3Nck!bXvoqOG)_pn8Lq>H+5fz3BQl;G*<`RSh234b@YvTeO9Bm7~kHPq#46~af&Q!1V2M*rQ9YZ`2P z6HC#qZf+YsH#wu)?IoK6b}*ZZV_R)#LUda6`yze z+karEQz#TL39kzZIwVEfFcQo3-xFP>;)9~UGsR>=PSa&5K`XWRyzRa9=qCrqj8vi2rmVXO(TqXqt;u z*QnhE=1@=OggitLiUSZ$A9~-~TG;r3EA3oJoqF7tkFh+rPjW=&!POlCTZrF9G`PJ? zEU8@B!+7xF^Jra%DVrSjoU4McEmY}y19IN-WwVl0&j%K&Z+pdcR6)xh-6Jo^OnDh1<|Bi0n+V37{uIb1d_v1^; zSD?p+N<>TxzE?#L9VK*XoPLsm*g)JMWUHaIp8rE?>5B^0wjZ3~=MkyATME{+v$M16 z9*GZ&lV30}G2xb`4@Evx(qjI3`^X#GBA&*yNBu}AC5DK&k0=z)b6MEH7=AF1}5F*NE zR1~!4KJ)e7-;&%blrx!mp}w$29~`di!~|nw{1xm3PgAx|niJ8w?dJm@9NQeMWl}@4 z;a^p@AcFN}=L<-DD8Oe?{q@Yj`nu3-hDgkq05({JpXJmsHk6I*HbRxu>yYEaZ<83= z{cFVsY-a@H=@w=Z_c7%b>X2B0^ko&B-DHB3qtEiW_s$+DWqxdz{L|wh+_{SCKGvV( zLr(=Fq7OV}nV48Isr>@u&$Hd=bs<~6*@QdOg@c=R>?i107;oS_T3EtXtQPa3wZQ90 z@dpmNjHk^u^pJqjZH!z!BY*fRn(x~T8o`cFW03V_rw^O^)e^%CZ#UF?)UD6vAF z{uCSAB``9!ry)|B>n|Q19p&Gf)-TX*$1#Q3vb&KHeFyyoI$4L2x<6%kpw#T}F21!@ z8MFXdMh6E6iF+#9CZT8L={fLVse?AhyaE0KP*>RA5K$%w>+H|u#wi@^dMUBKylnQ% zv!0%wo<<3A`7#NNSXY-BP)pU+BEC-`5*rVNvQPX^C5Y%|EDEeu)(!Pj%rOhV{aR8-{qBS$wr4AvmXpVi|H9tX&%r-Zd3KFbQ+ zzNnyJIr5cSQ&aPA@K~`ta*u40*?silW3P0xp?g5osHFUEDHu!_XXi7}@9ppJ9}uty zhZ3aF5=wY}QWJ7Mqz=%UH3tu=D@VAr&yl$>SPWTnZjuRmlBfeMy3qjIi6 z{}^yjg#-ob#};>Y{i}v=I`P-~JL6ApZpVwiRAM19 zk(ijb`A0F^{!kTR%8$J!U!VP78rLm!6Z=0l#QyQ%hCL&$CPEoNmXBzlw2@`X*1`V; DDM=H4 literal 0 HcmV?d00001 diff --git a/fig/simple-analysis-rendered-unnamed-chunk-6-1.png b/fig/simple-analysis-rendered-unnamed-chunk-6-1.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..44e6155d82bb701c1e49fdbba08a78c10b584edf GIT binary patch literal 20947 zcmeFZXH=9;)Fp~2qU21I6&i^WBxjH&=bS-6auh@|h$yiE36h1EoU?#r$s$Q|&Y31P zIWxsO-}l|Q_t)IJX4bkthP8laJ>6Yh_0*|zPVKXIg{mscU}KPDprD{&%gMsjQBWS7 z-~T>A1$UU_tr@|;r_Qo^t|%y&1oyuWhUfgQQBackGtMu!o7 z(5lbHu?{bK#0eguV!%lBu$~#>Jz`_b{46Db$JQ3Od9&pz!R{h8MTGjBHZ#*ygM;}W zybke6)Terhtg#NS6kZvWja8>E(D00mj3}IFbIlnY-3YVJX}Kvk`3@A++7;TFrn-Wj zZ4k&)fsVo1pk62_!IGKiD9-%hh zJzWX-ba8WQS6cVt-Jfvw=AZ9Yy3{)#cJgoMXNjKG4bm$!`DX6#>@+TZ!jz{%TXh)8 zRq{UFkyAW2GBS#Yh){@UWir)NP0UO86SVmggiSFZayA?D=wT-Z)=DR-iK6^5|NDn1 zi_WsgC@46=Fx-DH(J&qdE?lqkE%;sS`e5E}srY+ctR=|MK_L{It$#k<(n2pk?M_u$ zA(uPTFZ!(Hsh*&SljMjYa$h%{FNde_IT<&3orv8cqqetg2QE$~Oj>Nm3b848Dc}E< z*xlWAUGJM}aNl3<43836PfWi(&ePJ;s?goJTDWW06NX@c8)6ZpanScLz4N2=J2-VQ z{~+k~=ck0qf?L@P={_#4pU}R4|Bjd_OMhkYC;p|u?N!U&jA3q35h73QW-EqXp~hi` zBs~XlIp}}u+Oj}{@x`%jE#3h9*=yMM17k7qzd4z4YPmsn(>OUfF=U<}f-cbC{PU%q z+BaZ;e+5pj5Wh23wefQ$vH{se0e&Wm_2{0o73)>SvzyFMOt@boyG`8Z+{&6xr+@wW zrPF-)ZQt*#AqKiTUERxi3%bEn@y13Bvm*nYN*wQVS65drTZ8>l+ZPI6`)8T5&_gh= z>-7|;(!xUdRExAAj}axlm-;_8!NUS$l2=g~?56QIG%|94NZZ*VGNr;}3JX;yv6Cw+-163JV=;z1RMHD{H>oj-(PYtI*B;r267- zAkLc)nKQe*SBR~=^fWL(l9H0c#RCJ%N0m_p8hMTj%{L)*k(1@7l2C#qG5=fejA`X! z7{lbWv>2h6nTkoT*0{h-59cW0Qt~gJc->tL`scD$xvc#mR1tpH6GLA+?`3zL`&SOF zo7eU?u2*?qPi1i-GrpU8_x^! z((14F8mtD>nm{*ZF<&Q%6rK)56N6zUJi@Ck&Is}^S?o`H=mnXSy?R~ zv->Pz7U`5VBT5@;?5A9oLm7Cvx$VLD|4QOII6C?vN@`QzNAR&+1j;zJ+7|YK#l?J^G$ZjR*2b)$6udR$kG@$8k_(%(g zxoCP>xxAORcTrJMNtNU{N7ozJ8o^`yPO}PG=quB<&uz?49|wMVmhI37tcKkNW8=D8 z?6$%b0u1rwHlO;ub7tFq+yEap*{~ zmq|SO2`UQQYAt2cTu|p^DR5uNixw7ldV!?Yn;as1+I3ukiG%WwOPo#S!c5s`Gkp%r z@(d;(YPqqxXAQ$_En>yY=W;dh-JOVBE@4S@8CEn7#g{u zqG~eFNK}U@}c&477@I*I-WMONE1G%e&bm}{QM)X3YJl`eoX=LXfXAXb`yjE=UelI;nKo~ChT za9EbLjh`yA4u*h=mUMLr)XnXwg=4;Hbk@u~tAo*+!A<$fX^&;9)B60=@rO*r1UM{P zQTP+H2z&!o_9Co19)ZN*Bfkv27wz<4vX0%Y2PgyrFM%Hsj~O;0vx5W`7S@-#4uEh) zt43sV@JT1lx!Gr%h+H5%#N#?g?^`E1SO1vXoYwYCKxk zN&9|XN<}h;U%D1R6RZjOG8Kn;bEn{PgcUOPiAK&s7U?62c#C!pZl&0@3<`A|Kc$M# zM&2ehxSBx9gzL@(n_;c_u?1=L4QpA=pD=U5OB z#ndB1lB$q+*8xbcW~e8I#&lf_lz!KdqYI`MXCZJ)D{5Xoq1)C%XM&~kx@TWn^IKaz zU%zq40&d+$^52#JHKMqZs!Hul#<04&oB?^?;lR4g*BKA`}!}@k|vJ>$Jh>&F>lJ>8GGw+nVt{jF>nv^ z>DS_Intifc3;TUEglU(iNhlB^|JS(BNN=;W_5d}%Bro^Pmc3yy5^f8-p3e; z%)yVGyzbOEBSL|Hg%>6-JwwR}fTiOXrFUFwb?tq>|K{}%m?IPyrzJU&5C7r*x>>RaRp@@BbOd(* zcToS~&Tb1M3qoEW4T_!3x~hm?K=Hq{FM03P$q<2P>hyCd2m}+PHXif(jFh$UKX=~M z9)Gs(o2BROpSb-|IjV*dCmkSA+tT6>(qNG8b1mH7?E8zIPMSM4U##m@S(fNkbzPSD zwnhn#H~yNe3OAGgx64%<2Wby~mY~5^(DsHV#_xZ+7HX=isXSMsVchO}vk?@0dkZZK z%ex@Y3*Br*r!lOyCB~=nJ6{4pGSzj!)5(b)|Ki54eK9ozpJ71Y9k~zi(Z3RQ5o~g0Z-PWH7-kNVPUe9h#U4p3en*WZibibeOgwQ5NQs`58aQh)HuOh z{j{{{>lu#h*4D;PG ztYbyQLYaO!@Qx<+)p;^S>X9rolaZ{&uEcwU1MZQUX2XSwnApO^?Js)l`kwQKEZ`Pl8WSg~jB&gK>4OPBs-JuUSvp9C0$cy-T?_LUB-yWMy^Go$ zSki0PczhMh*#&WJn4^wj7|E;J>kkNckUq!|MvIU1d}($?y|kI*IVK(-@l^p^j;^p= zUa_!{IZXXv5+}I*-~4G*4JxM&x^khE)T_!JuFF2Yu;9c=WL}Zz`H^pgxoxT34LY9k zjfo(XqbrP3O;5~*t%(fd%UitxqLK@(r4J2U#Dk-W^`&_=86u(01qC)BsphimvvzR! zF63T1fvEPdBS`}Lx;Q3{kj-y8#?jE8YZ7_u=8Vr@<8Y-FGd}AHo08G?axy&m)M==t zC9r`+gXdmcBFdmIop>#B@dY4+=9!H8(7zqkP|mZ)N}Lz2cWekV*jxM(QwRwN;jj9M zr8sR`Uff1&hm(Jz926qB{bkQyKSEW6{s+XWQe{@xkl_7bke7@xiO-c7n%*cXMO%4?~TxxzuZwy z?M--ZW`XxpwobNsCd7}LB1E$=#ewsD$cmxQVg2e<9ePvnRaN3MS%fh868dQZaF(23 zVCfH|5|mO*cYa~_v!p+JQk8OWMh54TJr=-EK455(eA2%u4{`sx=}ODJ^c;%woV$O+ zK&(}g*3=MuQz(ZO+rmPBU=QhyWT&Y{9zLIkj!ePB2M{6I&l0vnkjv+C-6N(A83Nho6{=oZlim{vJj;I0nk*JmL+3Y{q>oNp zoBuLu4XiIt?j?q81v$e1cz$h5ec@x(&cE~vrUEl+RhvYI($bnb5`tLtu$`Ta!;znB zD2m!tnQ(uPHdRS1$X57NxJ@*a!~6yAV^5QPYfT(gZP3$I7fhuio1^ZWNOMYLj~U3P zBe#;9x}9Nai2@X0%)$`%(E0LxFL%?Sj34g;jjAQs1OqGj=a$mSZJnxLYj9CN$6N_G zBD|TNyMc|4Q_Rg1R^+^1`YLHNfrGKq^NCo+TF=`4G7&2aL{m7M)r(90GW+I5n22e= zPgBlJ+GyXkU-G=Q{gkzWgX(MhX{;FNbVI|x?+t$8mEPFEE)O#}iyH7dYYji|I>}P! zdaJz=yHe(UD(#RT&AGHF)y9xwpO5hmT!3qca423)9+?|Rid5l^71U>V_gWu5v`yu^ zj)*WiHDrEHSsCKcMPs$-9I14iWoP!1hZ|Dj5w@cnewQz5{%OXi6~dDHI>Sa34gLIf z&y4ONqxlNskV4xVY3Dk_&WRV4F8KjjeCDOC`xuPm_;RS;R)gY-?3Ztu)mB|M$Woli ziTS7a<&SgceANi-f1=3nzpbcv_fUBf;*Ah`z3%9%I#fqx)qm*u@-Z76MTWvXbbj$z z9`S&JIax4b*3orm9#Y_pb{i))fB2O+5)fh&@Kup$~@PIOCOJNdmd^kaT` z#bvs0`}&zqV`aHjQQ<#`qk~?yJq>2%6}`6qR|xc+S)rG-Pd=5u$*5RrSMPq%X{M1EJL9l3ueU9ZB8^7itM*wE zcVwcB#f|9AL(|sh{5=Gz7@^IKZH*-J6TJf@esunA1|CM({e5oPV_rNQz0ZWalpimy+pvVyA5%UFoqv2kIx2&A zRYd4`B-Di~o7ns~1WnkwTGbp)L%#yUnA6LhD=IAL?sKjO<%9%HBA+Em5d5ZDhZUD{ z_H8h81H1ovK`Q+fuer+Kr_LJc&eTvZ@A4qitY__Igywc zZHdkYv{WkODCiQI?D9^qh!#sO%a~q^ok?k!)6S-Xq2h**tGjh^VBqWf*2h=&Miwc- zGnx8JCNCVv!YW$qaFRUQ$)6{3^CwXXO^P6S9jW@&eI+-05f40~#6>b6(Q1#)CG={C z4lw*QMvRxi5DMqx$CUS-b`$m7|M(g`*^Vh~r>)o-x$#79Q$Fu zDAF;}lz@7}mY^_nkix3T482r?Qu}G15%ay1h8~- zxvVp%R$IVwVMRQ*LS}6rZ+u1Z?sk2^&wwpdRtO74nwa2bbJ^Ggf!ugv((vbM-(UHz z`>4Qb=@D@gOCtTyK1GNW&+L}pj}G>rFl(E`^8vzJN&6YL=IaDXC&Ru_%{g1SYat#{n`O$ZyHbQoPN#e;{}O5wIt8P1OuHy?szUdU{NHa&b>FPv`~J~Hjmu+5JV zLaksLD^;{Gdf2pgW)fNAozP9RocjK|u<^Ss!_y{d#5!7oyL>PW+12#eZPym`3DMJ|TfY?Vy79uV7b^IozI|O9Y=S;}*<Cnj6s+9e{B+ezRePw(C6D2ak@q>203u= zs}p?IGQdfFRU72$e}!OiKewg)wJqT^^{Pq&tvq-FA~{f`d=@`!*qO8yiWb` zj`)-dOOdkC17H8@5}JIZcq~Ob#X=x;niIZN8&#lkCw+T3A;W1VikICInA@YG)wU`I(;v@<5`q?w-Z^DeSe=V9 zJ2VX?I!bISGzFx6vmwyZx%FgnD8F}v(G_;OKXho!e?pC)|K^qOoRgjZprks?>o z)*%w1tIQF*Sr}bu;YO-Xju0~IM7+kxyVjuje0Z|`46|yzvS7p>PRN??ScWJ>j4p`s zUYz0jI$uf!52mZ_<9j;cI?MuJgn@|h$`&$X#9O+h*j^ve#% zKtmZyA{jKPaJg*4>L45SrTg0v+6}NS=|0*_{jx?U@gzffu=(YBT{b}xy0vZ#puAkB zKL=G-*kA`y4DbI`eRiG&ebq zwDFw<e-))D44Kclu82l>IYZuQ>F=@r6x6p{+;) zXV-{Pa7JOz#z_jxa;kw7*sww0l1qhxo#csX->6=YDJ000DzvW8xhU71_jRj-b!2{V z`e;2tY+aHrtjH$W)HCboM}!SdOm=9F%5e-7U=;U-2_){#mLQP`T~}gV0j{!{c1t6GlN_Fe%<#S+XNIT5%7qh z2?aQ37gUbi7-|}Sap!jRDUUt>?80ZrdK4Z|(K?oBK^R4lU-(CWPvzpD!S97`?ihn& zFHKIB$mLJIy$|beHSWLb;VjxL-Qhc?hTd{!K&hNaDal*ssN8gu8ZT z_d~-x zSh#eSXga$Fvks9IQK#bfoI=~&3`icLzOYaZJEdc`U18=45{-4-?7vS6^^+gy-7Ha1g#<%K zpW}dvy*c$@b#jNMwZlbe`lT8H&Vfr8KaPO+T~o#N(x>Q}ssG6Z@LoU5A|Qe5tndvn zn87b;r-QFPfo^;~Nsre?vwI;+YEmeACez$9bDIBW=NDodFi7{m>3V zUme*9JyAl(IQuD@uqmXyx|w400fD)D%Jnz}@95);6oFR4NHW&B=v3RLAco(&rMS474eP&hS@5;=`<@>%&p zYRrGRnKd&rlkR&u#fek&x&C!Ux$O>leOu1?2!p(Gx_}J-iv3Awu;;V6hl-RX0ABQ4 zz@1yXk>q;`@pe?(jIg#fMSnQwcu`s8=}szg#qAqvzpq7J5r-nKtzrLb^ zYZN~OEiPu4fJ9F4D17y(C`yE%TKQ)jnly~Fe=`EU$*xzt+A`Q^{9)_c=vcwO9bTpP z&Gg?c$XoAEIU81BuQMza@jkuY)@dPMDgUEk#X-Wl*SD!o@aQ6DZ57$&_b#ELsAO~q zE~q?892SaNAh&2)09Lmuq zgO*bTT)TLgAyk=+CY6T5msQ(YxbSoe=w>Rz-tV$Gk$=d9GqraD_|r|A5B1G;X3p!r z;}fy_X11&++s*sm-DnkQ;|~>;HG2UXL!^Tyhb@FKN?_n50&(Kslq+)OUFky-Wvp-T?;b@VX9C6&+z;e%ffK^+_u@YMhUd5!bX4lf*AUG!DC$W?|uwMH9>T&8x@8^k)`fG9wto#{SElRpf=uMC>wRHw*>e4SU#X2eEyH=tT{A2lbXuQ8_ zTKPr<%z-Xg^v3%xVVYRm*{=suZo^U)*9VK-8Ii5bzYqe`SR zsq<`#-oy*7PGmcag)#mXxrq|TG_>G_DB+uXKLVid6S>$IB8R`}YG++~!CI)HbiNsV z0Ta71jLj>{2_`qG4*chZgq35*5LFlBK~voXb)g9d?+J>?C7* ztqbNBdNmuF7JBh5x7hQp;@+ocE2}#@1!H?Vm|A!eUkC00{-@w`XiDA1Zu=GMtiC`P z+fT=eLmIZfk3IPzODRgm_*MxZ6}x5Z(;B9pM-89HZw96>EEEOLUMKTPg3Zf$CtA#+ zF(0wbP4hGSv7en(lDP6OsgEw!)^sTL%f=>3D~bkOEJgKs_3IhhX6{^Z%`Zutf0Mr` zXz_d0@>8647Li-&P;t^m!&{-#@C$7@(*y2x3^DyvC|ZIwt3$_K079L(T6gG zEyxKaLFE!y`D*M(Z+Y1w+a%b)B=^KJ(0K1uGyJ%3QJ($x~s*sb5O+9j*5_0FXUOa68|1K)~vBX9^vM60%bMOB!BrzH)pTJldQ; zZYXwr>?$WO_V{tA*-k2^kyDdIviu=qD*dayrx%o(@9GTMbo`or*}nL#y1-&NA(nv(0|s^1&ELh|{} zHoW`55@d)vnKW`kGJo1nRgNeNIgA(UnbVL>e&HlhJ^oslGBHBUeR#av96|!u+75L7 zzH~y>#0`jbS04#RN+M%A%MNUlRtJ5F?f+;__|M5_GM4_d5*C&vh=DR(Zlrnd?Nkl! zZEkWb?9J5f&$QA>?bb8$1S6DyRf z3=jEmEKU3}uZR}*T*<@$d2xKlKghqu?e|YZIe&%=J;UWa&CbdHY6dWd`fFt<-*wR3 zop*zJhg;vnK;e#9H}N5j^q@;=dBIJrj#IR_#DRuS{NHm~f9&CMNsE{k?M=?5`+U)S zpwhgSF8EsbI^Rb@B1b{_I6(XjV2OolL<(**rW)(5lPHo4Z%-3SESJ97eNcoh<*SC9QlG#)DbNf=Z(9EO2R@p~&^KI*gqj}$HwT+T7~(qCt1w{U)S~bAtRAg9S8+%jR$RFl&rHTwi_kIfX2sas3)iQiLd}y`KE6BizpHhetM@!wH+nxL zwUO?B3;aId(;ckP-2H^MN<4rDyi;C(%BvcBU73x0V{@{tUDQEEs(PGn3v;<5Chf{t zefVK)Y>d6-`cP=UvFhE5v;>}G)5$m>y){CkC0gGPOt?Q{;G0pMIR$ z{7+iQ?C@f#?zAggQ>9YW_Xl|jcfEaTGE{D(YUei1pVq#izVONkU{uawmjRrZ`cD;s zg@z4WvvK@|WD;mXhhNc7pQPF-m$;wfUQn_%%+AN&o}G5gF#JkHHU!;uc{w@#GLsv4 zDwZLsEqfeU{lWbi<%l<(=T0HR&DR;yp+{=Pg@u(u+`r9YO!i)0Do&j~us}RWWk&~C z@qi^XH6k`#uq+!YEP0X@`3&E8a;Z4jS|0whL4n7a>Z16@1-%-jpBoy)`Ub&-i>j{xj~G z9@R0r%)~FS7xmsv`M`gtqB{)~uUT|T4XZ4b+}+)mXL1x0rYixZ`u7)y(A%c7d4pO< zBR98`!?oU->FG$}Ls{BnA@{wm2#T})h4k}r#p8QEWV5djz7%b=HFqJ{i9?30;{byw zx3!_rC2YZ%N7UkghE};F$P$~4*k7WZeHn8kgyJ08@nyLa-A-0_KV&R|k-Jea&4X|< z+k#->phMl~Tr$TyT6OHe_HiCo?U%Lg)u+#s(*qgUQ}HgGV{uC?Iu29g5@XIK%qt)? zo<|1l9DwBtpbacZEiKp5?v>{Qv27F=mN0g>{cVQmdV9KvhWCr((Z5&tzWkM6Vy7K{ z226!iXO}wud~>)>@LGN*LoV>8sat4{`W0h;;sAe4Y`3X=`MQ2zntU-JDw6liQuix! z^C@ClB1h%bnZnv23PK7a-1k&~-X9nPb#Blg)3*^4Biw*rDUzJ4*SD71ZB}789;1*2 z(2a`B;(JPv(F8W##YOZf^zuITC7MSTl$H6PPFb1wo{V+qfvxiHOifKqwcP}P8mO!n z76zFnP6dPj$f0iQfZJ2BA-h;G6({IU%tc5k)=Wm(RPKnY%n???|^&YiX?lYKh+%;jrMos17=&IPKR zhOlI9gneJ%ZhUzS_ZL^ntRAD(0{R%81jnX=c6tk9n=8TQlFl5Ztw5`BVzI+!Ofgvb%@${mAx zcapH@EBp%|QKgaOye)Nx8dO>S?!6kSA7%4YfuyNr$6PTho|8FI_YEgarS zks4Jjyt2JqB@OTXj4x~^fB1pp+=gB*%*ie{o9Y$qs|3!on^+QMix)h4@g=0;oo1jz zNq#vR0CbU(lTVM+)WUuoI3AsNMFx6gmZZwq0Xe$xA;CPqxm9%a_V)G_H30ygQK-$E zH^0_gEW*aGk2(=2mdt*OzXEvWr~7_NczAePuGiRa{8~&Q6DIy5<~x9d;0wsl zKB5a~q=x@6$}bxjj6Xp^5vXJs8cgEa@W0*g|G%gP49J(jsnDlxJ^6o12ma^%*Z)m% z@P9t`-<22tGtYtHn;^=tn+SP?Z8Bg}ag)>2g1p$3mUdZ^-P+^Nq8KbS1iPQy5KuXT zOgc!F6XW=KmhOD=gFc@`>du9{ZZBF9&e;Bc?`$VS29@4Iq*+M-5*TEfUuZjU;vwAO zsqR6y0N?x)-7hxU?Q>pbWjpvejoeEt6IZ6jS$zhZkAtEjesm0*RMFVzwXBU0w@o>H zFp?cHtZDjk%u;F)a~mt0l2eQk5?=!VNIXBVE?`UVRrEZY`~s+Hut}|5~{zM2=7)eG^UM zt3{G4!0K6h*NMW=)2}~a-|@ZE?ph-xRTgVhXJ(+~b(xChDPI+!BURCR;buWHlxx6F z5gA2)&A!EzW8!3MEmsw6g5w{bQ8*b=4z=m9j)pSXq`U?EQ)sUXH#xD?&`$rTI9Icr z{cW}?8E4vbR6$AlD-PE2SG0#2dPveF?F2u0+lVBcgb%YgDm^vzaq=U6e^%w_YVo@! zo%ivg>xSsRnJdOya9KcKrdrao_CJwRh{+yxOXA-EJXFB%Cl1Thl`&g4L0I&`oGReC zHYBe75@{!~`Z{LnL>3*EuLw3~Ij|7&fLZ(ONx}W7$pHHaJ?E?~xkO3VTeEeCYFP zQuRP;ujuOVSh4fp*G|#myLv`Jp#r(rjp)ung{-+)gXDE3*vj%ozjx$m|HS#M^z8>0 zhbQ&El|Qx&`lA_Y3MnwnGwSmq>l*gC&PFS?D}VCpOrFuyTTUp!HO)JN{?lJ|W-hXuA6&}eofUo$fe;AuhF6P3^+$tnw7n8B3lWz~` zQ^YGCNrY_o5Kipv@tG9wKRK1D?l*cK&K}rOdkR(3o1j)qHbaU$7|&KmM?q08x3sz| zI6`>0Z8v|cbao-em-^A#&VHk&#O3iUH`d8x(8XVNOd#EG4TG_Mfu8%^LIUrRgsh0= z2!)zmQzfuyMn}iFxyF-+w6s#srIwNCidYo2x-5B%fx`|U8cGORU`S_|8Ce3dz2f(7%FI1JPjWXJL} z8$zs|{C^b8Gho`!1pH1F9PIx7+|{#1f!pLg+StcTKIH?Bu2bxe#bHg9~1Fb?M$JfMoU@Zk1rn4FpiqikikmX;h0+F(}M2a9eLb!kX~ z#%4DsdeqeF!rDNku?u}t@yZxAN6SMUSzUk%;~_!t-g4|oXH zZ+wd_QHx5l3T@Y2q6Y_k{0a+WXw~L9LMO%v@SmdAiS%vIMY+ExALa!?SoN6{-)yG% z`ctkc|L`2&2NoYnCS-rFtMwoBlKC?kF5nA04#1A8f9Z--sQsmT`ap_-R%^rQ$4T0# zCSYK)_986=13CK_V}8|8g(#*Pzf?^8Y2?}f<#nrXXrNn7+bli%2b%W&6QB zI2qBzriS<4h)7D^+{d49e|ISZk4cS(CYG-wwNV@_HFm#C1aTrq{w|LG^^El6@hKi^e5qOkL zbml5AFi#BF9Z2z*pF}nf4i?d6itCmfVf!U)rrHU*V|HA5dHT~xwPo8FPB4*V>B6_j z@sZY_(I4kGga=C!J$03O&eKI_8U~xqlx1`8TX`OpaN)ChQn5|$(h$n{Cuw4X_`OnD z;d4Dpwuysu9C-9h`=b{HoME4PHu5M3+{wdXcV{hkH}>TBQST`t}L33Y(kh zCTADTzodmM5Nf-hGNq^M)HX3xf@f0JTI(dv>8_0Xc?@^vAp_3@S!%r`XF4l$as?fw zU6SVD_Vx;o_2V-Pc*y(=h3>1S35pO=)Orr~((rB}& z@)x5^vU2}2uP84(I}Wnc42CddnbQ<7cM?%Ys6+d*@R#3G+a2N+!1iWtqYU?U`nzQA z+CDezH(x23Tn@v@xb6{oKw0-&V=;N2DYW;~9Oxcl@4LvX41q2)v{y$*r@_$i$RNyB z-d6&yyT{I`gzee%YrBtBL_{RWw4=f1=JMpzvwQwFk_oix2$YpTI7gM<1}Q2lb62P1 zH+L%}r+`5Ic?3!}lS+JZar|qg00uoCRv^st5T^Fm`c`-LyGNiTdP}PLTen^@-~9Um z%)FA;*FH(&&;DU-pP<~Vzr9+xyPa9M{jl6-?h6<7d$9w6PydrK9m1iNC^2IblQKqm zR+6I9QfhtYb4*6$mrO>sgz%xiwQko@rJqR)bAdJ>IhkD9#`az{3TnwC1GJgenw(he zh?B#m!yda(Ce9;S&196ILX1bK#$^+YkD+ca?=z-7mpXMTe1VGw}l%Pwp#F-2O9~7%iJ!U!P1kmMkWYT~JUEDxDRo0hKE( zEiEl8qk%x28|EBqQwRiKxs653j;A9d zl^{sdMI03JDA8q}6RRY(A@=vnN=tch=W~NdHOxLedrK2W#>~*$Z~Ie-R;?>>W_RFK zCZjL*I2|*an|;)#DlIL>m)Di74ALpTIXqZNxcD-EEJx^pJ(QLfae67jYZ;d~7x)Q) zXaZ#8JE!@*wibYJ{h?qtW&ectGeK#_ z6G!ayQzq0JKSQYgNVA&*Ktgeo-gQW3Dwo!{MP+1aaY=N&_%y9KvSIUH)%sy~8d!5y zRn^gNx+uy(9w6kK)!iBL7EZe_ykTiSLP05T&ZYZLb?N^gH2wd0IjbvX%KVKn>}<~6 zghg#-nMc`aEjwS?!5^Nj(y)013l64i9+f$BX5iY>;*9B>hm4;#r-X#q=HQ){lt z+x^;8B5Ac!3U3IA!z~BXzSFR|;h>=4JKUcO!1Nj+4=QQy?q_{TTral=Ey6eV_DG~S z9q1B^XPh?%zQ;1CDEmIsG5(e)C@AP7Y648i^xIoo#Q{$R1%<=mM&V-p>g{Q}vg({d z!17P`Tu(wH^#>|s|KltgVwx`c1j9<;l-vHCo}N+z;I*^+jo@0G#`N?w21^5w^j8fC zvMi|IYwquE&ss=px}f*PpDXZ(hUUaZEBsE9Q!E~^M5I~;1~wBKUo z0&n7bakz#?+5&XQ)IiG97zSo+9|+f3JR;=c*^H*Aru1~D?nMTlFxePIgMbG^0BsNJ z&vT$5KU)f>A)$G^aot7X?uTQUFL#7ulCU0J-Jr!0KQcXB?LnvUagOFp z+(sY_^!1BzP2SS>x;%&w0F!-jv|(_ql-y8QSO`EMvT9-OQaGXJvWj}MV2UyM;K>98zxhM5VA`wVMKA~Y^7?{TZ0eK*< zDF28W%&wAk5ZE3Tazs|p(2Y1l? zc8oy&P*MlvoD^=GVPH*>Adofs9aXTzxP)YYhUKn#gE$?%t1<&?MXq_i}jRVaJs@z=OwV#_?+fsD9~ zWtvc8c+G~MQs{iinm(2IXbRK z^@n>q>qQ9jJ1E-Cnp*J*Vq)R_h!RrF0IQwDgc1m{!&piuE6in#t8YLoZ3fZTsbRMU z;M=DA^G)j=2_}9Qpm=q=>*O!Q8%;zgsScsHk7%Qa8eJ;5)kLA#N)NLK{(xB#g!vBVJ!)LDE&74e*lXDUxEk{eX zyXYx(VwqDb4O&s#{ZoOPwHh6FUQEHY=X-TJ_pX}?gy?el*BO675^)ER|3oKHTssA= z!QVk^I#hiiIT6|Sa|xGsig*>;LRnvV&LK}N7dlwa>7;XUce`+BQ2%}lta)Qy`bt)I zy~_(Bcp&Y;N0gYYFBAsOV0xgYnS z=#~9-iJl6`Mj|=0UmEKM+E4%30t&CtJJDDtXlUn(sdH~uaHx^q+k;SFHSq(RaMGz1 zG_vm#_}5(@_7Xb%OxA&ncOKb(bwiB% z-XQ+X%`n5E1s>{CKcb;-7M!g|(Z1162jiWXd;LD<<&0@gcDn8|#ul#d4zqUFXMPmk zgcOz!nruwr1UDd{Iqtpixw~43g3$ul*fVDxdN0ZZXMJp>IM&Ahz52WbEZFUg{2ro}?ED+|AAOfr zD&%7Gs3DAj=^vq2-}>J{;qyT~;Rq%B#7-g=p8D?171Af%yu56>k*~kXcORloTe%*1fn`{}rV$s zSy^phf^mXVNt!|JfT;5eCTW`g?FBd^2K>}5tO`~Xc7~Hq04N{05K$0#y}Z1r{jZUO zey3IAd{=Ch9=0N2NR$xB`EWvW+*PMdD5s%I4?T_Vu^Ok&RHq$C7w7io?oS)>J?vqi z0q59&tY{*;zt#T`R6_!;ZI@dUkwl z2&#Jjc0#KO1dEodx&7wLv9eO*CPBo1E96YWn!K_&jx#DeSS!%5h!hb+2@t0RT2K~o zAxJC=3A_QC2BZNjAfO@^5&_35U;vR-(UBmsCWIwG5S3urw}==)c9jYWVKD--lR2-Q z4>Qvb&8Osf^4#~{`<{Ex|D1d7uTztt=1A=X+DTw!w$|6jzh`-YkQ$q-E9QS+6bO>w z2JL(w%059|KkT6`j3*Q_mdE2kK(bJ-<~VSB(>Wi11YMZ36LGq6`8@2)>C!UuEs|>$ zjUig-oEKJ(c7Hiq>ZRss<%}!^K`*PmVKL`m>o@s~4$c`Iwn!veco`+*`?PxiQir|z zM*k$#v%yZ~>VU|W*s>+ys;s?_v9X$adboVQ?ZcK4KS>6-lC=et$}M+mxVwN61mK;JHiP^(J6gfFFW%d^R!~zj^dQWCRXZ{NVzC1c zs>d?>t3yssN07Xw4m7s1nh?@YroL z)u(BG+&0P55J9ceh3GNlMGw9ffrT0I3uv#gZ1bwe3&XcljR@&;|31F7UmuY)dn(|ddX(~xpPP`OE>N$2m7gy&HGh$n0HiEjt>7Z z$B(Rb6MvdDrGrie^Moa{@t_kj4~~6(M7?$q-XyoOa=rn8JJ3*b9;bnC>v9@P=rQH+ z&VciR3*GClw?%2>+E4n|k8m{;hVck08?s}vX$dD>r6g9)#ikD0>$j4eA3#Nc7=Sg+ zWH5xYcV=LR*piKVa>uf&x;h-sJ!)tP%p25;U$kcxovfhJC!QBx(z!4d;JG8=Kh5V3 z<6C155v-~;rkq0NDElz6OJ=^2r}oKtA6?!W0rGGY`?aS7QfM=(ex7$QX+D)0fT0W) zo8g5V(u62EzJN?1cO5nk(96{%3678*YQ25xjhEpNG|^@~Yh{h@ZdR=ZC<^rlEVhxGdwEY;vqK}m0ld##uK#CaL&4#5B&%FWFc3fC8ZPmEfbs**_)qy7b91zJIK6G?Mh1z^+S z>RTJn3mQv3&Y8R<=9!26r7fIE|0a{|BoK$sVzT!noM3)7sz#hvw32)kNpZ3=A&?$< z1V=^5(4~Ybrjmz0W>kK8zSnD$3tZSHkSr`MWx&$1Y=#$~e>3q!FtQ1QcDDrWZj7=I zsk^`qeQnNqdOJxzs>BV7#JNI!)eJFM(mE8lEI<-UWb_V<+AWQigmHH?-uc@wM-dl9 z4^AhVrq{jH=tp$V>^fCPZEa<@kt|Xcw&JltvS|eZIRb9R}y|Uq-=7 zTX_;iU2sbz(a zlq;qNTLLx?&~a7vtkhq8} zZH-0qsou6}R4hS7(Wpl(o&^#_)L2JGqdd(U5!n7YZh1kc2c*KZ;a;6iOwiw~>Yla- zjW6`#(fGnBUOMPO6tekJmY`lQf(RS>g=&4Q?S?B*CSZHoSnRMhx43-FcJA7ia8SlVrYA9?p z*|Umf$nf;P<5X0vA7@?tLO%$+3zY52mS5CD`U<7LRm4Fi3}V-Sc=+3973%|hs3efr z4$G>n3?m}E?-TnQH@!T6KU3Vay2G&>P`YgM4g2TlS z3_@SYjl=0j&aUDiC@vM!Kt%FE_&4MAi^+ZXB<*IzC>2-g5UY0@+<+nqYyOIx8DGA*8rKi5o zSTD&OIX0_aa?`JB;Ghzgn4L;K+IZ%ahMh*VkK9q496X%BSk<7n79h=?qt;kVa zOEl0=xjM6=CsJ5dxg%QY-ptIb8VX`} z<}1}LtgS_QetdPnc=*AF%St1R8jEY<@pF(zTv-F?MR}jY(eUaYn|?3zafe5C{ai%h z?!C6MCJY=PCU?A@75O^zD7QspXRA}m=@HwqqkP|603YNP#EL@ literal 0 HcmV?d00001 diff --git a/md5sum.txt b/md5sum.txt index 765d50ce..80305c5b 100644 --- a/md5sum.txt +++ b/md5sum.txt @@ -1,9 +1,13 @@ "file" "checksum" "built" "date" "CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md" "549f00b0992a7743c2bc16ea6ce3db57" "site/built/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md" "2024-03-28" "LICENSE.md" "14377518ee654005a18cf28549eb30e3" "site/built/LICENSE.md" "2024-03-28" -"config.yaml" "cd36225fa14f3e67eae7aae27bddd294" "site/built/config.yaml" "2024-03-28" +"config.yaml" "437ef25251f4b72151e2a2470846f1ae" "site/built/config.yaml" "2024-04-01" "index.md" "32bc80d6f4816435cc0e01540cb2a513" "site/built/index.md" "2024-03-28" "links.md" "fe82d0a436c46f4b07b82684ed2cceaf" "site/built/links.md" "2024-03-28" +"episodes/read-cases.Rmd" "c340765bc592b7b0dac4c0835da1e4d3" "site/built/read-cases.md" "2024-04-01" +"episodes/clean-data.Rmd" "b3b9b7dfe8d81ebbb32a7d4a48f55062" "site/built/clean-data.md" "2024-04-01" +"episodes/describe-cases.Rmd" "8a79897e610d379b568579673f1fedab" "site/built/describe-cases.md" "2024-04-01" +"episodes/simple-analysis.Rmd" "6285471aee2e99f796ff20bf6ccfb5a2" "site/built/simple-analysis.md" "2024-04-01" "episodes/delays-reuse.Rmd" "f0f01aa200908903fd18ca72cff0eac7" "site/built/delays-reuse.md" "2024-03-28" "episodes/delays-functions.Rmd" "1b8c594905ee34befa02f1912256b37f" "site/built/delays-functions.md" "2024-03-28" "instructors/instructor-notes.md" "ca3834a1b0f9e70c4702aa7a367a6bb5" "site/built/instructor-notes.md" "2024-03-28" diff --git a/read-cases.md b/read-cases.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e14efa6d --- /dev/null +++ b/read-cases.md @@ -0,0 +1,132 @@ +--- +title: 'Read case data' +teaching: 20 +exercises: 2 +editor_options: + chunk_output_type: inline +--- + +:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: questions +- Where do you usually store your outbreak data? +- How many different data formats can I read? +- Is it possible to import data from database and health APIs? +:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: + +::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: objectives + +- Explain how to import outbreak data from different sources into `R` +environment for analysis. +:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: + +::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: prereq + +## Prerequisites + +This episode requires you to be familiar with: + +**Data science** : Basic programming with R. +::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: + +## Introduction + +The initial step in outbreak analysis involves importing the target dataset into the `R` environment from various sources. Outbreak data is typically stored in files of diverse formats, relational database management systems (RDBMS), or health information system (HIS) application program interfaces (APIs) such as [REDCap](https://www.project-redcap.org/) and [DHIS2](https://dhis2.org/). The latter option is particularly well-suited for storing institutional health data. This episode will elucidate the process of reading cases from these sources. + +## Reading from files + +Several packages are available for importing outbreak data stored in individual files into `R`. These include [rio](http://gesistsa.github.io/rio/), [readr](https://readr.tidyverse.org/) from the `tidyverse`, [io](https://bitbucket.org/djhshih/io/src/master/), and [ImportExport](https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/ImportExport/index.html). Together, these packages offer methods to read single or multiple files in a wide range of formats. + +The below example shows how to import a `csv` file into `R` environment using `rio` package. + +```r +requireNamespace("rio", quietly = TRUE) +case_data <- rio::import(file.path("data", "ebola_cases.csv", fsep = "/")) +head(case_data, 5) +``` + +```{.output} + date confirm +1 2014-05-18 1 +2 2014-05-20 2 +3 2014-05-21 4 +4 2014-05-22 6 +5 2014-05-23 1 +``` + +Similarly, you can import files of other formats such as `tsv`, `xlsx`, etc. + +::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: challenge + +### Reading compressed data +Take 1 minute: +- Is it possible to read compressed data in `R`? + +::::::::::::::::: hint + +You can check the supported file formats in the `{rio}` package as follows: + +```r +requireNamespace("rio", quietly = TRUE) +rio::install_formats() +``` + +:::::::::::::::::::::: + +::::::::::::::::: solution + + +```r +requireNamespace("rio", quietly = TRUE) +rio::import(file.path("path_name", "file_name.zip", fsep = "/")) +``` + +:::::::::::::::::::::::::: + +::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: + + +## Reading from databases + +The [DBI](https://dbi.r-dbi.org/) package serves as a versatile interface for interacting with database management systems (DBMS) across different back-ends or servers. It offers a uniform method for accessing and retrieving data from various database systems. + + +The following code chunk demonstrates how to create a temporary SQLite database in memory, store the `case_data` dataframe as a table within it, and subsequently read from it: + + +```r +requireNamespace("DBI", quietly = TRUE) +requireNamespace("RSQLite", quietly = TRUE) +# Create a temporary SQLite database in memory +db_con <- DBI::dbConnect(RSQLite::SQLite(), ":memory:") +# Store the 'case_data' dataframe as a table named 'cases' +# in the SQLite database +DBI::dbWriteTable(db_con, "cases", case_data) +# Read data from the 'cases' table +result <- DBI::dbReadTable(db_con, "cases") +# Close the database connection +DBI::dbDisconnect(db_con) +# View the result +base::print(utils::head(result)) +``` + +```{.output} + date confirm +1 16208 1 +2 16210 2 +3 16211 4 +4 16212 6 +5 16213 1 +6 16214 2 +``` + +This code first establishes a connection to an SQLite database created in memory using `dbConnect` function. Then, it writes the `case_data` dataframe into a table named 'cases' within the database using `dbWriteTable` function. Subsequently, it reads the data from the 'cases' table using `dbReadTable` function. Finally, it closes the database connection with `dbDisconnect` function. More examples about SQL databases and R can be found [here](https://datacarpentry.org/R-ecology-lesson/05-r-and-databases.html). + +## Reading from HIS APIs + +Health related data are also increasingly stored in specialized HIS APIs like **Fingertips**, **GoData**, **REDCap**, and **DHIS2**. In such case one can resort to [readepi](https://epiverse-trace.github.io/readepi/) package, which enables reading data from HIS-APIs. +-[TBC] + +::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: keypoints +- Use `{rio}, {io}, {readr}` and `{ImportExport}` to read data from individual files. +- Use `{DBI}` to read data from databases. +- Use `{readepi}` to read data form HIS APIs. +:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: diff --git a/simple-analysis.md b/simple-analysis.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..be2218de --- /dev/null +++ b/simple-analysis.md @@ -0,0 +1,180 @@ +--- +title: 'Early analysis' +teaching: 10 +exercises: 2 +--- + +:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: questions + +- What is the growth rate of the epidemic? +- How to identify the peak time of an outbreak? +- How to compute moving average of cases? + +:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: + +::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: objectives + +- Perform an early analysis of outbreak data +- Identify trends, exponential, doubling, and peak time + +:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: + +## Introduction +Understanding the trend in case data is crucial for various purposes, such as forecasting future case counts, implementing public health interventions, and assessing the effectiveness of control measures. By analyzing the trend, policymakers and public health experts can make informed decisions to mitigate the spread of diseases and protect public health. This episode focuses on how to perform a simple early analysis on incidence data. It uses the same dataset of **Covid-19 case data from England** that utilized it in [Aggregate and visualize](../episodes/describe-cases.Rmd) episode. + +## Simple model + +Aggregated case data over a specific time unit, or incidence data, typically represent the number of cases occurring within that time frame. These data can often be assumed to follow either `Poisson distribution` or a `negative binomial (NB) distribution`, depending on the specific characteristics of the data and the underlying processes generating them. When analyzing such data, one common approach is to examine the trend over time by computing the rate of change, which can indicate whether there is exponential growth or decay in the number of cases. Exponential growth implies that the number of cases is increasing at an accelerating rate over time, while exponential decay suggests that the number of cases is decreasing at a decelerating rate. + +The `i2extras` package provides methods for modelling the trend in case data, calculating moving averages, and exponential growth or decay rate. The code chunk below computes the Covid-19 trend in UK within first 3 months using negative binomial distribution. + + + +```r +requireNamespace("i2extras", quietly = TRUE) +requireNamespace("incidence2", quietly = TRUE) +# This line loads the i2extras package, which provides methods for modeling +# trends in case data. +covid19_eng_case_data <- outbreaks::covid19_england_nhscalls_2020 +df <- base::subset( + covid19_eng_case_data, + covid19_eng_case_data$date <= min(covid19_eng_case_data$date) + + 90 +) +# This code subset the covid19_eng_case_data to include only the first +# 3 months of data. +df_incid <- incidence2::incidence(df, date_index = "date", groups = "sex") +# This line uses the incidence function from the incidence2 package +# to compute the incidence data. It groups the data by sex. +fitted_curve_nb <- i2extras::fit_curve(df_incid, model = "negbin", alpha = 0.05) +# Here, the fit_curve function from i2extras is used to fit a curve to the +# incidence data. The model chosen is the negative binomial distribution with +# a significance level (alpha) of 0.05. +base::plot(fitted_curve_nb, angle = 45) + ggplot2::labs(x = "Date", y = "Cases") +``` + + + + +::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: challenge + +## Challenge 1: Poission distribution + +Repeat the above analysis using Poisson distribution? + +:::::::::::::::::::::::: solution + + +```r +fitted_curve_poisson <- i2extras::fit_curve(df_incid, model = "poisson", + alpha = 0.05) +base::plot(fitted_curve_poisson, angle = 45) + ggplot2::labs(x = "Date", + y = "Cases") +``` + + + +::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: +:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: + +## Exponential growth or decay rate + +The exponential growth or decay rate, denoted as $r$, serves as an indicator for the trend in cases, indicating whether they are increasing (growth) or decreasing (decay) on an exponential scale. This rate is computed using the so-called **renewal equation** [(Wallinga et al. 2006)](https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2006.3754), which mechanistically links the reproductive number $R$ of new cases to the generation interval of the disease. This computational method is implemented in the `{i2extras}` package. + +Below is a code snippet demonstrating how to extract the growth/decay rate from the above **NB**-fitted curve using the `growth_rate()` function: + + +```r +library(magrittr) # to get the pipe operator %>% +rates_nb <- i2extras::growth_rate(fitted_curve_nb) +rates_nb <- base::as.data.frame(rates_nb) %>% + subset(select = c(sex, r, r_lower, r_upper)) +base::print(rates_nb) +``` + +```{.output} + sex r r_lower r_upper +1 female -0.008241228 -0.009182635 -0.007300403 +2 male -0.008346783 -0.009316775 -0.007377392 +3 unknown -0.023703987 -0.028179436 -0.019299926 +``` + + +::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: challenge + +## Challenge 2: Growth rates from **Poisson**-fitted curve + +Extract growth rates from the **Poisson**-fitted curve of **Challenge 1**? + +:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: + +## Peak time + +The **Peak time ** is the time at which the highest number of cases is observed in the aggregated data. It can be estimated using the `i2extras::estimate_peak()` function as shown in the below code chunk, which identify peak time from the `incidenc2` object `df_incid`. + + +```r +peaks_nb <- i2extras::estimate_peak(df_incid, progress = FALSE) %>% + subset(select = -c(count_variable, bootstrap_peaks)) +base::print(peaks_nb) +``` + +```{.output} +# A data frame: 3 × 6 + sex observed_peak observed_count lower_ci median upper_ci +* +1 female 2020-03-26 1314 2020-03-18 2020-03-26 2020-03-29 +2 male 2020-03-27 1299 2020-03-19 2020-03-23 2020-03-30 +3 unknown 2020-04-10 32 2020-03-24 2020-04-10 2020-04-11 +``` + + +## Moving average + +A moving or rolling average calculates the average number of cases within a specified time period. This can be achieved by utilizing the `add_rolling_average()` function from the `{i2extras}` package on an `incidence2 object`. The following code chunk demonstrates the computation of the weekly average number of cases from the `incidence2` object `df_incid`, followed by visualization. + + +```r +requireNamespace("ggplot2", quietly = TRUE) +moving_Avg_week <- i2extras::add_rolling_average(df_incid, n = 7L) +base::plot(moving_Avg_week, border_colour = "white", angle = 45) + + ggplot2::geom_line(ggplot2::aes(x = date_index, y = rolling_average, + color = "red")) + + ggplot2::labs(x = "Date", y = "Cases") +``` + + + +::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: challenge + +## Challenge 3: Monthly moving average + +Compute and visualize the monthly moving average of cases on `df_incid`? + +:::::::::::::::::::::::: solution + + +```r +moving_Avg_mont <- i2extras::add_rolling_average(df_incid, n = 30L) +base::plot(moving_Avg_mont, border_colour = "white", angle = 45) + + ggplot2::geom_line(ggplot2::aes(x = date_index, y = rolling_average, + color = "red")) + + ggplot2::labs(x = "Date", y = "Cases") +``` + + + +::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: +:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: + + +::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: keypoints + +- Use `{i2extras}` to: + - fit epi curve using either **Poisson** or **NB** distributions, + - calculate exponential growth or decline of cases, + - find peak time, and + - computing moving average of cases in specified time window. + +:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: +