diff --git a/DependencyInjection/Configuration.php b/DependencyInjection/Configuration.php
index 68e40fc1..65e4259c 100644
--- a/DependencyInjection/Configuration.php
+++ b/DependencyInjection/Configuration.php
@@ -221,10 +221,9 @@ private function getDbalConnectionsNode(): ArrayNodeDefinition
                 ->end()
                 ->booleanNode('disable_type_comments')->end()
                 ->scalarNode('server_version')->end()
-                ->integerNode('check_connection_timing')->end()
+                ->integerNode('check_connection_timing')->defaultValue(30)->end()
                 ->scalarNode('driver_class')->end()
                 ->scalarNode('wrapper_class')->end()
-                ->scalarNode('check_connection_frequency')->defaultValue(30)->end()
                 ->booleanNode('keep_slave')
                     ->setDeprecated(
                         'doctrine/doctrine-bundle',
diff --git a/DependencyInjection/DoctrineExtension.php b/DependencyInjection/DoctrineExtension.php
index f08570e8..5779bf69 100644
--- a/DependencyInjection/DoctrineExtension.php
+++ b/DependencyInjection/DoctrineExtension.php
@@ -174,12 +174,6 @@ protected function dbalLoad(array $config, ContainerBuilder $container)
             $config['default_connection'] = reset($keys);
         }
 
-        if (! $container->hasParameter('kernel.runtime_mode') && ! $container->hasParameter('kernel.runtime_mode.worker')) {
-            $container->removeDefinition('doctrine.listeners.doctrine_connection_listener');
-        } else {
-            $container->getDefinition('doctrine.orm.listeners.doctrine_connection_listener')->setArgument(1, $config['check_connection_timing']);
-        }
-
         $this->defaultConnection = $config['default_connection'];
 
         $container->setAlias('database_connection', sprintf('doctrine.dbal.%s_connection', $this->defaultConnection));
@@ -202,13 +196,8 @@ protected function dbalLoad(array $config, ContainerBuilder $container)
         $connWithLogging   = [];
         $connWithProfiling = [];
         $connWithBacktrace = [];
-        $timingByConnection = [];
-        $skipTiming = false;
-
-        if (! $container->hasParameter('kernel.runtime_mode') && ! $container->hasParameter('kernel.runtime_mode.worker')) {
-            $container->removeDefinition('doctrine.listeners.doctrine_connection_listener');
-            $skipTiming = true;
-        }
+        $timeToLiveByConnection = [];
+        $connWithTimingCheck = [];
 
         foreach ($config['connections'] as $name => $connection) {
             if ($connection['logging']) {
@@ -223,15 +212,13 @@ protected function dbalLoad(array $config, ContainerBuilder $container)
                 }
             }
 
-            if (! $skipTiming) {
-                $timingByConnection[] = ['name' => $connections[$name], 'timing' => $connection['check_connection_timing']];
+            if ($connection['check_connection_timing']) {
+                $connWithTimingCheck[] = $name;
             }
 
-            $this->loadDbalConnection($name, $connection, $container);
-        }
+            $timeToLiveByConnection[$name] = $connection['check_connection_timing'];
 
-        if (! $skipTiming) {
-            $container->getDefinition('doctrine.orm.listeners.doctrine_connection_listener')->setArgument(1, $timingByConnection);
+            $this->loadDbalConnection($name, $connection, $container);
         }
 
         $container->registerForAutoconfiguration(MiddlewareInterface::class)->addTag('doctrine.middleware');
@@ -250,7 +237,8 @@ protected function dbalLoad(array $config, ContainerBuilder $container)
             }
         });
 
-        $this->registerDbalMiddlewares($container, $connWithLogging, $connWithProfiling, $connWithBacktrace);
+        $this->registerDbalMiddlewares($container, $connWithLogging, $connWithProfiling, $connWithBacktrace, $connWithTimingCheck);
+        $container->getDefinition('doctrine.connection.keep.alive_middleware')->setArgument(1, $timeToLiveByConnection);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1201,7 +1189,8 @@ private function registerDbalMiddlewares(
         ContainerBuilder $container,
         array $connWithLogging,
         array $connWithProfiling,
-        array $connWithBacktrace
+        array $connWithBacktrace,
+        array $connWithTimingCheck
     ): void {
         $loader = new XmlFileLoader($container, new FileLocator(__DIR__ . '/../Resources/config'));
         $loader->load('middlewares.xml');
@@ -1217,5 +1206,11 @@ private function registerDbalMiddlewares(
             $debugMiddlewareAbstractDef
                 ->addTag('doctrine.middleware', ['connection' => $connName]);
         }
+
+        $checkTimingMiddlewareAbstractDef = $container->getDefinition('doctrine.connection.keep.alive_middleware');
+        foreach ($connWithTimingCheck as $connName) {
+            $checkTimingMiddlewareAbstractDef
+                ->addTag('doctrine.middleware', ['connection' => $connName, 'priority' => 10]);
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/Middleware/ConnectionKeepAlive.php b/Middleware/ConnectionKeepAlive.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d8c0bbed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Middleware/ConnectionKeepAlive.php
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Doctrine\Bundle\DoctrineBundle\Middleware;
+
+use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Middleware;
+use Symfony\Bridge\Doctrine\ConnectionTimingWeakMap;
+use Symfony\Bridge\Doctrine\Middleware\ConnectionKeepAliveDriver;
+
+class ConnectionKeepAlive implements Middleware, ConnectionNameAwareInterface
+{
+    private \ArrayObject $connectionExpiries;
+    private string $connectionName;
+    private array $timeToLiveByConnection;
+
+    /**
+     * @param array<string, int> $timeToLiveByConnection
+     */
+    public function __construct(
+        \ArrayObject $connectionExpiries,
+        array $timeToLiveByConnection,
+        string $connectionName = 'default'
+    ) {
+        $this->timeToLiveByConnection = $timeToLiveByConnection;
+        $this->connectionName = $connectionName;
+        $this->connectionExpiries = $connectionExpiries;
+    }
+
+    public function setConnectionName(string $name): void
+    {
+        $this->connectionName = $name;
+    }
+
+    public function wrap(Driver $driver): Driver
+    {
+        return new ConnectionKeepAliveDriver($driver, $this->connectionExpiries, $this->timeToLiveByConnection, $this->connectionName);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Resources/config/dbal.xml b/Resources/config/dbal.xml
index 3057d3b3..4be4273f 100644
--- a/Resources/config/dbal.xml
+++ b/Resources/config/dbal.xml
@@ -101,9 +101,9 @@
             <tag name="controller.service_arguments" />
         </service>
 
-        <service id="doctrine.listeners.doctrine_connection_listener" class="Symfony\Bridge\Doctrine\Listener\ConnectionListener">
+        <service id="doctrine.listeners.doctrine_connection_listener" class="Symfony\Bridge\Doctrine\DoctrineConnectionListener">
+            <argument type="service" id="doctrine.connection_expiries" />
             <argument type="service" id="service_container" />
-            <argument /> <!-- check timing -->
             <tag name="kernel.event_subscriber" />
         </service>
 
diff --git a/Resources/config/middlewares.xml b/Resources/config/middlewares.xml
index d6bf92bc..30fc47a4 100644
--- a/Resources/config/middlewares.xml
+++ b/Resources/config/middlewares.xml
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services/services-1.0.xsd">
 
     <services>
+        <service id="doctrine.connection_expiries" class="ArrayObject"/>
         <service id="doctrine.dbal.logging_middleware" class="Doctrine\DBAL\Logging\Middleware" abstract="true">
             <argument type="service" id="logger" />
             <tag name="monolog.logger" channel="doctrine" />
@@ -17,5 +18,9 @@
             <argument type="service" id="doctrine.debug_data_holder" />
             <argument type="service" id="debug.stopwatch" on-invalid="null" />
         </service>
+        <service id="doctrine.connection.keep.alive_middleware" class="Doctrine\Bundle\DoctrineBundle\Middleware\ConnectionKeepAlive" abstract="true">
+            <argument type="service" id="doctrine.connection_expiries" />
+            <argument /> <!-- check timing -->
+        </service>
     </services>
 </container>