draft-ietf-lamps-cms-shakes-07.txt

LAMPS WG                                                   P. Kampanakis
Internet-Draft                                             Cisco Systems
Intended status: Standards Track                                 Q. Dang
Expires: August 4, 2019                                             NIST
                                                        January 31, 2019


  Use of the SHAKE One-way Hash Functions in the Cryptographic Message
                              Syntax (CMS)
                     draft-ietf-lamps-cms-shakes-07

Abstract

   This document describes the conventions for using the SHAKE family of
   hash functions with the Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) as one-way
   hash functions with the RSA Probabilistic signature and ECDSA
   signature algorithms, as message digests and message authentication
   codes.  The conventions for the associated signer public keys in CMS
   are also described.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on August 4, 2019.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2019 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must



Kampanakis & Dang        Expires August 4, 2019                 [Page 1]

Internet-Draft                SHAKEs in CMS                 January 2019


   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Change Log  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   2.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
     2.1.  Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   3.  Identifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   4.  Use in CMS  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
     4.1.  Message Digests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
     4.2.  Signatures  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
       4.2.1.  RSASSA-PSS Signatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
       4.2.2.  ECDSA Signatures  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     4.3.  Public Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
     4.4.  Message Authentication Codes  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
   5.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
   6.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
   7.  Acknowledgements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   8.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
     8.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
     8.2.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   Appendix A.  ASN.1 Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16

1.  Change Log

   [ EDNOTE: Remove this section before publication. ]

   o  draft-ietf-lamps-cms-shake-07:

      *  Small nit from Russ while in WGLC.

   o  draft-ietf-lamps-cms-shake-06:

      *  Incorporated Eric's suggestion from WGLC.

   o  draft-ietf-lamps-cms-shake-05:

      *  Added informative references.

      *  Updated ASN.1 so it compiles.

      *  Updated IANA considerations.

   o  draft-ietf-lamps-cms-shake-04:




Kampanakis & Dang        Expires August 4, 2019                 [Page 2]

Internet-Draft                SHAKEs in CMS                 January 2019


      *  Added RFC8174 reference and text.

      *  Explicitly explained why RSASSA-PSS-params are omitted in
         section 4.2.1.

      *  Simplified Public Keys section by removing redundand info from
         RFCs.

   o  draft-ietf-lamps-cms-shake-03:

      *  Removed paragraph suggesting KMAC to be used in generating k in
         Deterministric ECDSA.  That should be RFC6979-bis.

      *  Removed paragraph from Security Considerations that talks about
         randomness of k because we are using deterministric ECDSA.

      *  Completed ASN.1 module and fixed KMAC ASN.1 based on Jim's
         feedback.

      *  Text fixes.

   o  draft-ietf-lamps-cms-shake-02:

      *  Updates based on suggestions and clarifications by Jim.

      *  Started ASN.1 module.

   o  draft-ietf-lamps-cms-shake-01:

      *  Significant reorganization of the sections to simplify the
         introduction, the new OIDs and their use in CMS.

      *  Added new OIDs for RSASSA-PSS that hardcodes hash, salt and
         MGF, according the WG consensus.

      *  Updated Public Key section to use the new RSASSA-PSS OIDs and
         clarify the algorithm identifier usage.

      *  Removed the no longer used SHAKE OIDs from section 3.1.

   o  draft-ietf-lamps-cms-shake-00:

      *  Various updates to title and section names.

      *  Content changes filling in text and references.

   o  draft-dang-lamps-cms-shakes-hash-00:




Kampanakis & Dang        Expires August 4, 2019                 [Page 3]

Internet-Draft                SHAKEs in CMS                 January 2019


      *  Initial version

2.  Introduction

   The Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) [RFC5652] is used to digitally
   sign, digest, authenticate, or encrypt arbitrary message contents.
   This specification describes the use of the SHAKE128 and SHAKE256
   specified in [SHA3] as new hash functions in CMS.  In addition, it
   describes the use of these functions with the RSASSA-PSS signature
   algorithm [RFC8017] and the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature
   Algorithm (ECDSA) [X9.62] with the CMS signed-data content type.

   In the SHA-3 family, two extendable-output functions (SHAKEs),
   SHAKE128 and SHAKE256, are defined.  Four other hash function
   instances, SHA3-224, SHA3-256, SHA3-384, and SHA3-512 are also
   defined but are out of scope for this document.  A SHAKE is a
   variable length hash function defined as SHAKE(M, d) where the output
   is a d-bits long digest of message M.  The corresponding collision
   and second preimage resistance strengths for SHAKE128 are
   min(d/2,128) and min(d,128) bits respectively.  And, the
   corresponding collision and second preimage resistance strengths for
   SHAKE256 are min(d/2,256) and min(d,256) bits respectively.

   A SHAKE can be used in CMS as the message digest function (to hash
   the message to be signed) in RSASSA-PSS and ECDSA, message
   authentication code and as the mask generating function in RSASSA-
   PSS.  This specification describes the identifiers for SHAKEs to be
   used in CMS and their meaning.

2.1.  Terminology

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
   "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP
   14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
   capitals, as shown here.

3.  Identifiers

   This section defines six new object identifiers (OIDs) for using
   SHAKE128 and SHAKE256 in CMS.

   EDNOTE: If PKIX draft is standardized first maybe we should not say
   the identifiers are new for the RSASSA-PSS and ECDSA.

   Two object identifiers for SHAKE128 and SHAKE256 hash functions are
   defined in [shake-nist-oids] and we include them here for
   convenience.



Kampanakis & Dang        Expires August 4, 2019                 [Page 4]

Internet-Draft                SHAKEs in CMS                 January 2019


     id-shake128-len OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { joint-iso-itu-t(2)
          country(16) us(840) organization(1) gov(101) csor(3)
          nistAlgorithm(4) 2 17 }

     id-shake256-len OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { joint-iso-itu-t(2)
          country(16) us(840) organization(1) gov(101) csor(3)
          nistAlgorithm(4) 2 18 }

   In this specification, when using the id-shake128-len or id-
   shake256-len algorithm identifiers, the parameters MUST be absent.
   That is, the identifier SHALL be a SEQUENCE of one component, the
   OID.

   We define two new identifiers for RSASSA-PSS signatures using SHAKEs.

     id-RSASSA-PSS-SHAKE128  OBJECT IDENTIFIER  ::=  { TBD }

     id-RSASSA-PSS-SHAKE256  OBJECT IDENTIFIER  ::=  { TBD }

     [ EDNOTE: "TBD" will be specified by NIST later. ]

   The same RSASSA-PSS algorithm identifiers can be used for identifying
   public keys and signatures.

   We define two new algorithm identifiers of ECDSA signatures using
   SHAKEs.

     id-ecdsa-with-SHAKE128 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { joint-iso-itu-t(2)
         country(16) us(840) organization(1) gov(101) csor(3)
         nistAlgorithm(4) 3  TBD }

     id-ecdsa-with-SHAKE256 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { joint-iso-itu-t(2)
         country(16) us(840) organization(1) gov(101) csor(3)
         nistAlgorithm(4) 3  TBD }

     [ EDNOTE: "TBD" will be specified by NIST. ]

   The parameters for the four RSASSA-PSS and ECDSA identifiers MUST be
   absent.  That is, each identifier SHALL be a SEQUENCE of one
   component, the OID.

   Two new object identifiers for KMACs using SHAKE128 and SHAKE256 are
   defined below.








Kampanakis & Dang        Expires August 4, 2019                 [Page 5]

Internet-Draft                SHAKEs in CMS                 January 2019


      id-KmacWithSHAKE128 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { joint-iso-itu-t(2)
          country(16) us(840) organization(1) gov(101) csor(3)
          nistAlgorithm(4) 2 19 }

      id-KmacWithSHAKE256 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { joint-iso-itu-t(2)
          country(16) us(840) organization(1) gov(101) csor(3)
          nistAlgorithm(4) 2 20 }

   The parameters for id-KmacWithSHAKE128 and id-KmacWithSHAKE256 MUST
   be absent.  That is, each identifier SHALL be a SEQUENCE of one
   component, the OID.

   Section 4.1, Section 4.2.1, Section 4.2.2 and Section 4.4 specify the
   required output length for each use of SHAKE128 or SHAKE256 in
   message digests, RSASSA-PSS, ECDSA and KMAC.

4.  Use in CMS

4.1.  Message Digests

   The id-shake128-len and id-shake256-len OIDs (Section 3) can be used
   as the digest algorithm identifiers located in the SignedData,
   SignerInfo, DigestedData, and the AuthenticatedData digestAlgorithm
   fields in CMS [RFC5652].  The encoding MUST omit the parameters field
   and the output size, d, for the SHAKE128 or SHAKE256 message digest
   MUST be 256 or 512 bits respectively.

   The digest values are located in the DigestedData field and the
   Message Digest authenticated attribute included in the
   signedAttributes of the SignedData signerInfo.  In addition, digest
   values are input to signature algorithms.  The digest algorithm MUST
   be the same as the message hash algorithms used in signatures.

4.2.  Signatures

   In CMS, signature algorithm identifiers are located in the SignerInfo
   signatureAlgorithm field of SignedData content type and
   countersignature attribute.  Signature values are located in the
   SignerInfo signature field of SignedData and countersignature.

   Conforming implementations that process RSASSA-PSS and ECDSA with
   SHAKE signatures when processing CMS data MUST recognize the
   corresponding OIDs specified in Section 3.








Kampanakis & Dang        Expires August 4, 2019                 [Page 6]

Internet-Draft                SHAKEs in CMS                 January 2019


4.2.1.  RSASSA-PSS Signatures

   The RSASSA-PSS algorithm is defined in [RFC8017].  When id-RSASSA-
   PSS-SHAKE128 or id-RSASSA-PSS-SHAKE256 specified in Section 3 is
   used, the encoding MUST omit the parameters field.  That is, the
   AlgorithmIdentifier SHALL be a SEQUENCE of one component, id-RSASSA-
   PSS-SHAKE128 or id-RSASSA-PSS-SHAKE256.  [RFC4055] defines RSASSA-
   PSS-params that are used to define the algorithms and inputs to the
   algorithm.  This specification does not use parameters because the
   hash and mask generating algorithsm and trailer and salt are embedded
   in the OID definition.

   The hash algorithm to hash a message being signed and the hash and
   the hash algorithm as the mask generation function used in RSASSA-PSS
   MUST be the same, SHAKE128 or SHAKE256 respectively.  The output-
   length of the hash algorithm which hashes the message SHALL be 32 or
   64 bytes respectively.

   The mask generation function takes an octet string of variable length
   and a desired output length as input, and outputs an octet string of
   the desired length.  In RSASSA-PSS with SHAKES, the SHAKEs MUST be
   used natively as the MGF function, instead of the MGF1 algorithm that
   uses the hash function in multiple iterations as specified in
   Section B.2.1 of [RFC8017].  In other words, the MGF is defined as
   the SHAKE128 or SHAKE256 output of the mgfSeed for id-RSASSA-PSS-
   SHAKE128 and id-RSASSA-PSS-SHAKE256 respectively.  The mgfSeed is the
   seed from which mask is generated, an octet string [RFC8017].  As
   explained in Step 9 of section 9.1.1 of [RFC8017], the output length
   of the MGF is emLen - hLen - 1 bytes. emLen is the maximum message
   length ceil((n-1)/8), where n is the RSA modulus in bits. hLen is 32
   and 64-bytes for id-RSASSA-PSS-SHAKE128 and id-RSASSA-PSS-SHAKE256
   respectively.  Thus when SHAKE is used as the MGF, the SHAKE output
   length maskLen is (n - 264) or (n - 520) bits respectively.  For
   example, when RSA modulus n is 2048, the output length of SHAKE128 or
   SHAKE256 as the MGF will be 1784 or 1528-bits when id-RSASSA-PSS-
   SHAKE128 or id-RSASSA-PSS-SHAKE256 is used respectively.

   The RSASSA-PSS saltLength MUST be 32 or 64 bytes respectively.
   Finally, the trailerField MUST be 1, which represents the trailer
   field with hexadecimal value 0xBC [RFC8017].

4.2.2.  ECDSA Signatures

   The Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) is defined in
   [X9.62].  When the id-ecdsa-with-SHAKE128 or id-ecdsa-with-SHAKE256
   (specified in Section 3) algorithm identifier appears, the respective
   SHAKE function is used as the hash.  The encoding MUST omit the
   parameters field.  That is, the AlgorithmIdentifier SHALL be a



Kampanakis & Dang        Expires August 4, 2019                 [Page 7]

Internet-Draft                SHAKEs in CMS                 January 2019


   SEQUENCE of one component, the OID id-ecdsa-with-SHAKE128 or id-
   ecdsa-with-SHAKE256.

   For simplicity and compliance with the ECDSA standard specification,
   the output size of the hash function must be explicitly determined.
   The output size, d, for SHAKE128 or SHAKE256 used in ECDSA MUST be
   256 or 512 bits respectively.

   It is RECOMMENDED that conforming implementations that generate ECDSA
   with SHAKE signatures in CMS generate such signatures with a
   deterministically generated, non-random k in accordance with all the
   requirements specified in [RFC6979].  They MAY also generate such
   signatures in accordance with all other recommendations in [X9.62] or
   [SEC1] if they have a stated policy that requires conformance to
   these standards.

4.3.  Public Keys

   In CMS, the signer's public key algorithm identifiers are located in
   the OriginatorPublicKey's algorithm attribute.  The conventions and
   encoding for RSASSA-PSS and ECDSA public keys algorithm identifiers
   are as specified in Section 2.3 of [RFC3279], Section 3.1 of
   [RFC4055] and Section 2.1 of [RFC5480].

   Traditionally, the rsaEncryption object identifier is used to
   identify RSA public keys.  The rsaEncryption object identifier
   continues to identify the public key when the RSA private key owner
   does not wish to limit the use of the public key exclusively to
   RSASSA-PSS with SHAKEs.  When the RSA private key owner wishes to
   limit the use of the public key exclusively to RSASSA-PSS, the
   AlgorithmIdentifier for RSASSA-PSS defined in Section 3 SHOULD be
   used as the algorithm attribute in the OriginatorPublicKey sequence.
   Conforming client implementations that process RSASSA-PSS with SHAKE
   public keys in CMS message MUST recognize the corresponding OIDs in
   Section 3.

   Conforming implementations MUST specify and process the algorithms
   explicitly by using the OIDs specified in Section 3 when encoding
   ECDSA with SHAKE public keys in CMS messages.

   The identifier parameters, as explained in Section 3, MUST be absent.

4.4.  Message Authentication Codes

   KMAC message authentication code (KMAC) is specified in [SP800-185].
   In CMS, KMAC algorithm identifiers are located in the
   AuthenticatedData macAlgorithm field.  The KMAC values are located in
   the AuthenticatedData mac field.



Kampanakis & Dang        Expires August 4, 2019                 [Page 8]

Internet-Draft                SHAKEs in CMS                 January 2019


   When the id-KmacWithSHAKE128 or id-KmacWithSHAKE256 algorithm
   identifier is used as the MAC algorithm identifier, the parameters
   field is optional (absent or present).  If absent, the SHAKE256
   output length used in KMAC is 256 or 512 bits respectively and the
   customization string is an empty string by default.

   Conforming implementations that process KMACs with the SHAKEs when
   processing CMS data MUST recognize these identifiers.

   When calculating the KMAC output, the variable N is 0xD2B282C2, S is
   an empty string, and L, the integer representing the requested output
   length in bits, is 256 or 512 for KmacWithSHAKE128 or
   KmacWithSHAKE256 respectively in this specification.

5.  IANA Considerations

   One object identifier for the ASN.1 module in Appendix A was assigned
   in the SMI Security for S/MIME Module Identifiers
   (1.2.840.113549.1.9.16.0) registry:

      CMSAlgsForSHAKE-2019 { iso(1) member-body(2) us(840)
           rsadsi(113549) pkcs(1) pkcs-9(9) smime(16) modules(0)
           id-mod-cms-shakes-2019(TBD) }

6.  Security Considerations

   The SHAKEs are deterministic functions.  Like any other deterministic
   function, executing each function with the same input multiple times
   will produce the same output.  Therefore, users should not expect
   unrelated outputs (with the same or different output lengths) from
   excuting a SHAKE function with the same input multiple times.  The
   shorter one of any 2 outputs produced from a SHAKE with the same
   input is a prefix of the longer one.  It is a similar situation as
   truncating a 512-bit output of SHA-512 by taking its 256 left-most
   bits.  These 256 left-most bits are a prefix of the 512-bit output.

   When more than two parties share the same message-authentication key,
   data origin authentication is not provided.  Any party that knows the
   message-authentication key can compute a valid MAC, therefore the
   content could originate from any one of the parties.

   When using ECDSA with SHAKEs, the ECDSA curve order SHOULD be chosen
   in line with the SHAKE output length.  NIST has defined appropriate
   use of the hash functions in terms of the algorithm strengths and
   expected time frames for secure use in Special Publications (SPs)
   [SP800-78-4] and [SP800-107].  These documents can be used as guides
   to choose appropriate key sizes for various security scenarios.  In
   the context of this document id-ecdsa-with-shake128 is RECOMMENDED



Kampanakis & Dang        Expires August 4, 2019                 [Page 9]

Internet-Draft                SHAKEs in CMS                 January 2019


   for curves with group order of 256-bits. id-ecdsa-with-shake256 is
   RECOMMENDED for curves with group order of 384-bits or more.

7.  Acknowledgements

   This document is based on Russ Housley's draft
   [I-D.housley-lamps-cms-sha3-hash].  It replaces SHA3 hash functions
   by SHAKE128 and SHAKE256 as the LAMPS WG agreed.

   The authors would like to thank Russ Housley for his guidance and
   very valuable contributions with the ASN.1 module.  Valuable feedback
   was also provided by Eric Rescorla.

8.  References

8.1.  Normative References

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.

   [RFC4055]  Schaad, J., Kaliski, B., and R. Housley, "Additional
              Algorithms and Identifiers for RSA Cryptography for use in
              the Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate
              and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile", RFC 4055,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC4055, June 2005,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4055>.

   [RFC5480]  Turner, S., Brown, D., Yiu, K., Housley, R., and T. Polk,
              "Elliptic Curve Cryptography Subject Public Key
              Information", RFC 5480, DOI 10.17487/RFC5480, March 2009,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5480>.

   [RFC5652]  Housley, R., "Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS)", STD 70,
              RFC 5652, DOI 10.17487/RFC5652, September 2009,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5652>.

   [RFC8017]  Moriarty, K., Ed., Kaliski, B., Jonsson, J., and A. Rusch,
              "PKCS #1: RSA Cryptography Specifications Version 2.2",
              RFC 8017, DOI 10.17487/RFC8017, November 2016,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8017>.

   [RFC8174]  Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
              2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
              May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.





Kampanakis & Dang        Expires August 4, 2019                [Page 10]

Internet-Draft                SHAKEs in CMS                 January 2019


   [SHA3]     National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S.
              Department of Commerce, "SHA-3 Standard - Permutation-
              Based Hash and Extendable-Output Functions", FIPS PUB 202,
              August 2015.

   [SP800-185]
              National Institute of Standards and Technology, "SHA-3
              Derived Functions: cSHAKE, KMAC, TupleHash and
              ParallelHash. NIST SP 800-185", December 2016,
              <http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/
              NIST.SP.800-185.pdf>.

8.2.  Informative References

   [I-D.housley-lamps-cms-sha3-hash]
              Housley, R., "Use of the SHA3 One-way Hash Functions in
              the Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS)", draft-housley-
              lamps-cms-sha3-hash-00 (work in progress), March 2017.

   [RFC3279]  Bassham, L., Polk, W., and R. Housley, "Algorithms and
              Identifiers for the Internet X.509 Public Key
              Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List
              (CRL) Profile", RFC 3279, DOI 10.17487/RFC3279, April
              2002, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3279>.

   [RFC5753]  Turner, S. and D. Brown, "Use of Elliptic Curve
              Cryptography (ECC) Algorithms in Cryptographic Message
              Syntax (CMS)", RFC 5753, DOI 10.17487/RFC5753, January
              2010, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5753>.

   [RFC5911]  Hoffman, P. and J. Schaad, "New ASN.1 Modules for
              Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) and S/MIME", RFC 5911,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC5911, June 2010,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5911>.

   [RFC6268]  Schaad, J. and S. Turner, "Additional New ASN.1 Modules
              for the Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) and the Public
              Key Infrastructure Using X.509 (PKIX)", RFC 6268,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC6268, July 2011,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6268>.

   [RFC6979]  Pornin, T., "Deterministic Usage of the Digital Signature
              Algorithm (DSA) and Elliptic Curve Digital Signature
              Algorithm (ECDSA)", RFC 6979, DOI 10.17487/RFC6979, August
              2013, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6979>.






Kampanakis & Dang        Expires August 4, 2019                [Page 11]

Internet-Draft                SHAKEs in CMS                 January 2019


   [SEC1]     Standards for Efficient Cryptography Group, "SEC 1:
              Elliptic Curve Cryptography", May 2009,
              <http://www.secg.org/sec1-v2.pdf>.

   [shake-nist-oids]
              National Institute of Standards and Technology, "Computer
              Security Objects Register", October 2017,
              <https://csrc.nist.gov/Projects/Computer-Security-Objects-
              Register/Algorithm-Registration>.

   [SP800-107]
              National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST),
              "SP800-107: Recommendation for Applications Using Approved
              Hash Algorithms", May 2014,
              <https://csrc.nist.gov/csrc/media/publications/sp/800-107/
              rev-1/final/documents/draft_revised_sp800-107.pdf>.

   [SP800-78-4]
              National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST),
              "SP800-78-4: Cryptographic Algorithms and Key Sizes for
              Personal Identity Verification", May 2014,
              <https://csrc.nist.gov/csrc/media/publications/sp/800-
              78/4/final/documents/sp800_78-4_revised_draft.pdf>.

   [X9.62]    American National Standard for Financial Services (ANSI),
              "X9.62-2005 Public Key Cryptography for the Financial
              Services Industry: The Elliptic Curve Digital Signature
              Standard (ECDSA)", November 2005.

Appendix A.  ASN.1 Module

   This appendix includes the ASN.1 modules for SHAKEs in CMS.  This
   module includes some ASN.1 from other standards for reference.

   CMSAlgsForSHAKE-2019 { iso(1) member-body(2) us(840)
        rsadsi(113549) pkcs(1) pkcs-9(9) smime(16) modules(0)
        id-mod-cms-shakes-2019(TBD) }

   DEFINITIONS EXPLICIT TAGS ::=

   BEGIN

   -- EXPORTS ALL;

   IMPORTS

   DIGEST-ALGORITHM, MAC-ALGORITHM, SMIME-CAPS
   FROM AlgorithmInformation-2009



Kampanakis & Dang        Expires August 4, 2019                [Page 12]

Internet-Draft                SHAKEs in CMS                 January 2019


     { iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1) security(5)
       mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0)
       id-mod-algorithmInformation-02(58) }

   RSAPublicKey, rsaEncryption, id-ecPublicKey
   FROM PKIXAlgs-2009 { iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6)
        internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0)
        id-mod-pkix1-algorithms2008-02(56) } ;

   --
   -- Message Digest Algorithms (mda-)
   -- used in SignedData, SignerInfo, DigestedData,
   -- and the AuthenticatedData digestAlgorithm
   -- fields in CMS
   --
   MessageDigestAlgs DIGEST-ALGORITHM ::= {
    -- This expands MessageAuthAlgs from [RFC5652]
    -- and MessageDigestAlgs in [RFC5753]
    mda-shake128   |
    mda-shake256,
    ...
   }

   --
   -- One-Way Hash Functions
   -- SHAKE128
   mda-shake128 DIGEST-ALGORITHM ::= {
     IDENTIFIER id-shake128  -- with output length 32 bytes.
   }
   id-shake128 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { joint-iso-itu-t(2) country(16)
                                       us(840) organization(1) gov(101)
                                       csor(3) nistAlgorithm(4)
                                       hashAlgs(2) 11 }

   -- SHAKE-256
   mda-shake256 DIGEST-ALGORITHM ::= {
     IDENTIFIER id-shake256  -- with output length 64 bytes.
   }
   id-shake256 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { joint-iso-itu-t(2) country(16)
                                       us(840) organization(1) gov(101)
                                       csor(3) nistAlgorithm(4)
                                       hashAlgs(2) 12 }

   --
   -- Public key algorithm identifiers located in the
   -- OriginatorPublicKey's algorithm attribute in CMS.
   -- And Signature identifiers used in SignerInfo
   -- signatureAlgorithm field of SignedData content



Kampanakis & Dang        Expires August 4, 2019                [Page 13]

Internet-Draft                SHAKEs in CMS                 January 2019


   -- type and countersignature attribute in CMS.
   --
   -- From RFC5280, for reference.
   -- rsaEncryption OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::=  { pkcs-1 1 }
      -- When the rsaEncryption algorithm identifier is used
      -- for a public key, the AlgorithmIdentifier parameters
      -- field MUST contain NULL.
   --
   id-RSASSA-PSS-SHAKE128  OBJECT IDENTIFIER  ::=  { TBD }
   id-RSASSA-PSS-SHAKE256  OBJECT IDENTIFIER  ::=  { TBD }

      -- When the id-RSASSA-PSS-* algorithm identifiers are used
      -- for a public key or signature in CMS, the AlgorithmIdentifier
      -- parameters field MUST be absent. The message digest algorithm
      -- used in RSASSA-PSS MUST be SHAKE128 or SHAKE256 with a 32 or
      -- 64 byte outout length respectively. The mask generating
      -- function MUST be SHAKE128 or SHAKE256 with an output length
      -- of (n - 264) or (n - 520) bits respectively, where n
      -- is the RSA modulus in bits. The RSASSA-PSS saltLength MUST
      -- be 32 or 64 bytes respectively. The trailerField MUST be 1,
          -- which represents the trailer field with hexadecimal value
          -- 0xBC. Regardless of id-RSASSA-PSS-* or rsaEncryption being
          -- used as the AlgorithmIdentifier of the OriginatorPublicKey,
          -- the RSA public key MUST be encoded using the RSAPublicKey
          -- type.
   -- From RFC4055, for reference.
   -- RSAPublicKey ::= SEQUENCE {
   --   modulus INTEGER, -- -- n
   --   publicExponent INTEGER } -- -- e

   id-ecdsa-with-shake128 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { joint-iso-itu-t(2)
                                country(16) us(840) organization(1)
                                gov(101) csor(3) nistAlgorithm(4)
                                sigAlgs(3) TBD }
   id-ecdsa-with-shake256 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { joint-iso-itu-t(2)
                                country(16) us(840) organization(1)
                                gov(101) csor(3) nistAlgorithm(4)
                                sigAlgs(3) TBD }
      -- When the id-ecdsa-with-shake* algorithm identifiers are
      -- used in CMS, the AlgorithmIdentifier parameters field
      -- MUST be absent and the signature algorithm should be
      -- deterministric ECDSA [RFC6979]. The message digest MUST
      -- be SHAKE128 or SHAKE256 with a 32 or 64 byte outout
      -- length respectively. In both cases, the ECDSA public key,
      -- MUST be encoded using the id-ecPublicKey type.
   -- From RFC5480, for reference.
   -- id-ecPublicKey OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {
   --    iso(1) member-body(2) us(840) ansi-X9-62(10045) keyType(2) 1 }



Kampanakis & Dang        Expires August 4, 2019                [Page 14]

Internet-Draft                SHAKEs in CMS                 January 2019


        -- The id-ecPublicKey parameters must be absent or present
        -- and are defined as
   -- ECParameters ::= CHOICE {
   --     namedCurve         OBJECT IDENTIFIER
   --     -- -- implicitCurve   NULL
   --     -- -- specifiedCurve  SpecifiedECDomain
   --  }

   --
   -- Message Authentication (maca-) Algorithms
   -- used in AuthenticatedData macAlgorithm in CMS
   --
   MessageAuthAlgs MAC-ALGORITHM ::= {
       -- This expands MessageAuthAlgs from [RFC5652] and [RFC6268]
       maca-KMACwithSHAKE128   |
       maca-KMACwithSHAKE256,
       ...
   }

   SMimeCaps SMIME-CAPS ::= {
       -- The expands SMimeCaps from [RFC5911]
      maca-KMACwithSHAKE128.&smimeCaps   |
      maca-KMACwithSHAKE256.&smimeCaps,
      ...
    }

   --
   -- KMAC with SHAKE128
   maca-KMACwithSHAKE128 MAC-ALGORITHM ::= {
         IDENTIFIER id-KMACWithSHAKE128
         PARAMS TYPE KMACwithSHAKE128-params ARE optional
           -- If KMACwithSHAKE128-params parameters are absent
           -- the SHAKE128 output length used in KMAC is 256 bits
           -- and the customization string is an empty string.
         IS-KEYED-MAC TRUE
         SMIME-CAPS {IDENTIFIED BY id-KMACWithSHAKE128}
   }
   id-KMACWithSHAKE128 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::=  { joint-iso-itu-t(2)
                                country(16) us(840) organization(1)
                                gov(101) csor(3) nistAlgorithm(4)
                                hashAlgs(2) 19 }
   KMACwithSHAKE128-params ::= SEQUENCE {
     kMACOutputLength     INTEGER DEFAULT 256, -- Output length in bits
     customizationString  OCTET STRING DEFAULT ''H
   }

   -- KMAC with SHAKE256
   maca-KMACwithSHAKE256 MAC-ALGORITHM ::= {



Kampanakis & Dang        Expires August 4, 2019                [Page 15]

Internet-Draft                SHAKEs in CMS                 January 2019


         IDENTIFIER id-KMACWithSHAKE256
         PARAMS TYPE KMACwithSHAKE256-params ARE optional
            -- If KMACwithSHAKE256-params parameters are absent
            -- the SHAKE256 output length used in KMAC is 512 bits
            -- and the customization string is an empty string.
         IS-KEYED-MAC TRUE
         SMIME-CAPS {IDENTIFIED BY id-KMACWithSHAKE256}
   }
   id-KMACWithSHAKE256 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::=  { joint-iso-itu-t(2)
                               country(16) us(840) organization(1)
                               gov(101) csor(3) nistAlgorithm(4)
                               hashAlgs(2) 20 }
   KMACwithSHAKE256-params ::= SEQUENCE {
      kMACOutputLength     INTEGER DEFAULT 512, -- Output length in bits
      customizationString  OCTET STRING DEFAULT ''H
   }

   END

Authors' Addresses

   Panos Kampanakis
   Cisco Systems

   Email: pkampana@cisco.com


   Quynh Dang
   NIST
   100 Bureau Drive
   Gaithersburg, MD 20899

   Email: quynh.Dang@nist.gov


















Kampanakis & Dang        Expires August 4, 2019                [Page 16]