From ef196247623df681aa64cb82f3efcfc7ca9ec1f9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Geert Hesselink <geert.hess@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 31 Oct 2024 22:36:46 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] IVS-197 - Fix / GEM004 - IfcTopologyRepresentation

---
 ...ints-on-representation-identifiers.feature |  41 ++-
 ...M052_Correct-geometric-subcontexts.feature |   4 +-
 .../valid_RepresentationType.csv}             |   0
 .../valid_TopologyRepresentationType.csv      |   6 +
 .../valid_RepresentationIdentifier.csv}       |   0
 .../valid_RepresentationType.csv}             |   0
 .../IFC4/valid_TopologyRepresentationType.csv |   6 +
 .../valid_RepresentationIdentifier.csv}       |   0
 .../valid_RepresentationType.csv}             |   0
 .../valid_TopologyRepresentationType.csv      |   6 +
 features/steps/thens/values.py                |   2 +-
 ...-solid_as_topology_representation_type.ifc | 268 ++++++++++++++++++
 ...-solid_as_topology_representation_type.ifc | 268 ++++++++++++++++++
 ...-solid_as_topology_representation_type.ifc | 268 ++++++++++++++++++
 ...vertex_as_topology_representation_type.ifc | 268 ++++++++++++++++++
 15 files changed, 1124 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)
 rename features/resources/{valid_RepresentationType_IFC2X3.csv => IFC2X3/valid_RepresentationType.csv} (100%)
 create mode 100644 features/resources/IFC2X3/valid_TopologyRepresentationType.csv
 rename features/resources/{valid_RepresentationIdentifier_IFC4.csv => IFC4/valid_RepresentationIdentifier.csv} (100%)
 rename features/resources/{valid_RepresentationType_IFC4.csv => IFC4/valid_RepresentationType.csv} (100%)
 create mode 100644 features/resources/IFC4/valid_TopologyRepresentationType.csv
 rename features/resources/{valid_RepresentationIdentifier_IFC4.3.csv => IFC4X3/valid_RepresentationIdentifier.csv} (100%)
 rename features/resources/{valid_RepresentationType_IFC4.3.csv => IFC4X3/valid_RepresentationType.csv} (100%)
 create mode 100644 features/resources/IFC4X3/valid_TopologyRepresentationType.csv
 create mode 100644 test/files/gem004/fail-gem004-ifc2x3-solid_as_topology_representation_type.ifc
 create mode 100644 test/files/gem004/fail-gem004-ifc4-solid_as_topology_representation_type.ifc
 create mode 100644 test/files/gem004/fail-gem004-ifc4x3-solid_as_topology_representation_type.ifc
 create mode 100644 test/files/gem004/pass-gem004-ifc4x3-vertex_as_topology_representation_type.ifc

diff --git a/features/GEM004_Constraints-on-representation-identifiers.feature b/features/GEM004_Constraints-on-representation-identifiers.feature
index 5e92cdde..34c1b147 100644
--- a/features/GEM004_Constraints-on-representation-identifiers.feature
+++ b/features/GEM004_Constraints-on-representation-identifiers.feature
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 @informal-proposition
 @GEM
-@version2
+@version3
 @E00010
 Feature: GEM004 - Constraints on representation identifiers
 The rule verifies that shape representations adhere to the permissible values outlined in the CSV files found in the 'features/resources/{attribute}.csv' folder, as specified in the documentation.
@@ -13,17 +13,24 @@ The rule verifies that shape representations adhere to the permissible values ou
     Given Its attribute Representations
     Given Its attribute RepresentationIdentifier
 
-    Then The values must be in 'valid_RepresentationIdentifier_IFC4.3.csv'
+    Then The values must be in 'valid_RepresentationIdentifier.csv'
   
-  Scenario: Shape Representation Type must be valid - IFC4X3
+
+  Scenario Outline: Shape Representation Type must be valid - IFC4X3
 
     Given A model with Schema "IFC4.3"
     Given An IfcProduct
     Given Its attribute Representation
     Given Its attribute Representations
+    Given Its entity type is '<EntityType>'
     Given Its attribute RepresentationType
     
-    Then The values must be in 'valid_RepresentationType_IFC4.3.csv'
+    Then The values must be in '<ValidCsv>'
+
+    Examples: 
+        |  EntityType | ValidCsv |
+        |  IfcShapeRepresentation | valid_RepresentationType.csv |
+        |  IfcTopologyRepresentation | valid_TopologyRepresentationType.csv | 
 
 
   Scenario: Shape Representation Identifier must be valid - IFC4
@@ -34,24 +41,38 @@ The rule verifies that shape representations adhere to the permissible values ou
     Given Its attribute Representations
     Given Its attribute RepresentationIdentifier
 
-    Then The values must be in 'valid_RepresentationIdentifier_IFC4.csv'
+    Then The values must be in 'valid_RepresentationIdentifier.csv'
   
-  Scenario: Shape Representation Type must be valid - IFC4
+
+  Scenario Outline: Shape Representation Type must be valid - IFC4
 
     Given A model with Schema "IFC4"
     Given An IfcProduct
     Given Its attribute Representation
     Given Its attribute Representations
+    Given Its entity type is '<EntityType>'
     Given Its attribute RepresentationType
     
-    Then The values must be in 'valid_RepresentationType_IFC4.csv'
+    Then The values must be in '<ValidCsv>'
+
+    Examples: 
+        |  EntityType | ValidCsv |
+        |  IfcShapeRepresentation | valid_RepresentationType.csv |
+        |  IfcTopologyRepresentation | valid_TopologyRepresentationType.csv | 
   
-Scenario: Shape Representation Type must be valid - IFC2X3
-  Given A model with Schema "IFC2X3"
+
+  Scenario Outline: Shape Representation Type must be valid - IFC2X3
+
+    Given A model with Schema "IFC2X3"
     Given An IfcProduct
     Given Its attribute Representation
     Given Its attribute Representations
+    Given Its entity type is '<EntityType>'
     Given Its attribute RepresentationType
     
-    Then The values must be in 'valid_RepresentationType_IFC2X3.csv'
+    Then The values must be in '<ValidCsv>'
 
+    Examples: 
+        |  EntityType | ValidCsv |
+        |  IfcShapeRepresentation | valid_RepresentationType.csv |
+        |  IfcTopologyRepresentation | valid_TopologyRepresentationType.csv | 
diff --git a/features/GEM052_Correct-geometric-subcontexts.feature b/features/GEM052_Correct-geometric-subcontexts.feature
index 1ce9acba..c1f175fa 100644
--- a/features/GEM052_Correct-geometric-subcontexts.feature
+++ b/features/GEM052_Correct-geometric-subcontexts.feature
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ Reference: https://github.com/buildingSMART/Sample-Test-Files/issues/137.
 
         Examples: 
             | schema | source |
-            | IFC4.3 | valid_RepresentationIdentifier_IFC4.3.csv |
-            | IFC4   | valid_RepresentationIdentifier_IFC4.csv |
+            | IFC4.3 | valid_RepresentationIdentifier.csv |
+            | IFC4   | valid_RepresentationIdentifier.csv |
 
 
     Scenario: Context identifier must not be empty
diff --git a/features/resources/valid_RepresentationType_IFC2X3.csv b/features/resources/IFC2X3/valid_RepresentationType.csv
similarity index 100%
rename from features/resources/valid_RepresentationType_IFC2X3.csv
rename to features/resources/IFC2X3/valid_RepresentationType.csv
diff --git a/features/resources/IFC2X3/valid_TopologyRepresentationType.csv b/features/resources/IFC2X3/valid_TopologyRepresentationType.csv
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..63f17c39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/features/resources/IFC2X3/valid_TopologyRepresentationType.csv
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Vertex,topological vertex representation
+Edge,topological edge representation
+Path,topological path representation
+Face,topological face representation
+Shell,topological shell representation
+Undefined,no constraints imposed
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/features/resources/valid_RepresentationIdentifier_IFC4.csv b/features/resources/IFC4/valid_RepresentationIdentifier.csv
similarity index 100%
rename from features/resources/valid_RepresentationIdentifier_IFC4.csv
rename to features/resources/IFC4/valid_RepresentationIdentifier.csv
diff --git a/features/resources/valid_RepresentationType_IFC4.csv b/features/resources/IFC4/valid_RepresentationType.csv
similarity index 100%
rename from features/resources/valid_RepresentationType_IFC4.csv
rename to features/resources/IFC4/valid_RepresentationType.csv
diff --git a/features/resources/IFC4/valid_TopologyRepresentationType.csv b/features/resources/IFC4/valid_TopologyRepresentationType.csv
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..63f17c39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/features/resources/IFC4/valid_TopologyRepresentationType.csv
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Vertex,topological vertex representation
+Edge,topological edge representation
+Path,topological path representation
+Face,topological face representation
+Shell,topological shell representation
+Undefined,no constraints imposed
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/features/resources/valid_RepresentationIdentifier_IFC4.3.csv b/features/resources/IFC4X3/valid_RepresentationIdentifier.csv
similarity index 100%
rename from features/resources/valid_RepresentationIdentifier_IFC4.3.csv
rename to features/resources/IFC4X3/valid_RepresentationIdentifier.csv
diff --git a/features/resources/valid_RepresentationType_IFC4.3.csv b/features/resources/IFC4X3/valid_RepresentationType.csv
similarity index 100%
rename from features/resources/valid_RepresentationType_IFC4.3.csv
rename to features/resources/IFC4X3/valid_RepresentationType.csv
diff --git a/features/resources/IFC4X3/valid_TopologyRepresentationType.csv b/features/resources/IFC4X3/valid_TopologyRepresentationType.csv
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..63f17c39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/features/resources/IFC4X3/valid_TopologyRepresentationType.csv
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Vertex,topological vertex representation
+Edge,topological edge representation
+Path,topological path representation
+Face,topological face representation
+Shell,topological shell representation
+Undefined,no constraints imposed
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/features/steps/thens/values.py b/features/steps/thens/values.py
index 884bf356..eaa784e8 100644
--- a/features/steps/thens/values.py
+++ b/features/steps/thens/values.py
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ def step_impl(context, inst, i, csv_file):
         return []
 
     dirname = os.path.dirname(__file__)
-    filename = Path(dirname).parent.parent / "resources" / f"{csv_file}.csv"
+    filename =  Path(dirname).parent.parent / "resources" / f"{context.model.schema}" /f"{csv_file}.csv"
     valid_values = [row[0] for row in csv.reader(open(filename))]
 
     def is_valid_instance(instance):
diff --git a/test/files/gem004/fail-gem004-ifc2x3-solid_as_topology_representation_type.ifc b/test/files/gem004/fail-gem004-ifc2x3-solid_as_topology_representation_type.ifc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..70fb692e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/files/gem004/fail-gem004-ifc2x3-solid_as_topology_representation_type.ifc
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+ISO-10303-21;
+HEADER;
+FILE_DESCRIPTION((''),'2;1');
+FILE_NAME('','2023-07-18',(''),(''),'redacted','redacted','');
+FILE_SCHEMA(('IFC2X3'));
+ENDSEC;
+
+DATA;
+
+/* Owner history user and application */
+#1= IFCAPPLICATION(#2,'redacted','redacted','redacted');
+#2= IFCORGANIZATION($,'redacted',$,$,$);
+#3= IFCPERSON('redacted',$,$,$,$,$,$,$);
+#4= IFCORGANIZATION($,'redacted',$,$,$);
+#5= IFCPERSONANDORGANIZATION(#3,#4,$);
+
+/* Units */
+#9= IFCSIUNIT(*,.AREAUNIT.,$,.SQUARE_METRE.);
+#10= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCAREAMEASURE(0.0006452),#9);
+#11= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(2,0,0,0,0,0,0);
+#12= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#11,.AREAUNIT.,'square inch',#10);
+#21= IFCSIUNIT(*,.FORCEUNIT.,$,.NEWTON.);
+#22= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCMASSMEASURE(4.44822162),#21);
+#23= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(1,1,-2,0,0,0,0);
+#24= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#23,.FORCEUNIT.,'pound-force',#22);
+#28= IFCSIUNIT(*,.LENGTHUNIT.,$,.METRE.);
+#29= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCLENGTHMEASURE(0.0254),#28);
+#30= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(1,0,0,0,0,0,0);
+#31= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#30,.LENGTHUNIT.,'inch',#29);
+#36= IFCSIUNIT(*,.MASSUNIT.,.KILO.,.GRAM.);
+#37= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCMASSMEASURE(0.45359237),#36);
+#38= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(0,1,0,0,0,0,0);
+#39= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#38,.MASSUNIT.,'pound',#37);
+#40= IFCSIUNIT(*,.PLANEANGLEUNIT.,$,.RADIAN.);
+#41= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCPLANEANGLEMEASURE(0.0174532925199433),#40);
+#42= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(0,0,0,0,0,0,0);
+#43= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#42,.PLANEANGLEUNIT.,'degree',#41);
+#45= IFCSIUNIT(*,.PRESSUREUNIT.,$,.PASCAL.);
+#46= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCPRESSUREMEASURE(6894.7572932),#45);
+#47= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(-1,1,-2,0,0,0,0);
+#48= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#47,.PRESSUREUNIT.,'pound-force per square inch',#46);
+#56= IFCSIUNIT(*,.VOLUMEUNIT.,$,.CUBIC_METRE.);
+#57= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCVOLUMEMEASURE(1.639E-05),#56);
+#58= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(3,0,0,0,0,0,0);
+#59= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#58,.VOLUMEUNIT.,'cubic inch',#57);
+#96= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#24,1);
+#97= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,-1);
+#98= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#96,#97),.LINEARFORCEUNIT.,$,$);
+#99= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#24,1);
+#100= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,1);
+#101= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,-1);
+#102= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#99,#100,#101),.LINEARMOMENTUNIT.,$,$);
+#103= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#24,1);
+#104= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,-1);
+#105= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#103,#104),.LINEARSTIFFNESSUNIT.,$,$);
+#112= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#39,1);
+#113= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#59,-1);
+#114= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#112,#113),.MASSDENSITYUNIT.,$,$);
+#118= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#39,1);
+#119= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,-1);
+#120= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#118,#119),.MASSPERLENGTHUNIT.,$,$);
+#121= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#39,1);
+#122= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#121,#158),.MODULUSOFELASTICITYUNIT.,$,'pound-force per square inch');
+#140= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,4);
+#141= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#140),.MOMENTOFINERTIAUNIT.,$,$);
+#142= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#24,1);
+#143= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#12,-1);
+#144= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#142,#143),.PLANARFORCEUNIT.,$,$);
+#147= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#39,1);
+#148= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#12,-1);
+#149= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#147,#148),.ROTATIONALMASSUNIT.,$,$);
+#150= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#24,1);
+#151= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,1);
+#152= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#43,-1);
+#153= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#150,#151,#152),.ROTATIONALSTIFFNESSUNIT.,$,$);
+#154= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,5);
+#155= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#154),.SECTIONAREAINTEGRALUNIT.,$,$);
+#156= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,3);
+#157= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#156),.SECTIONMODULUSUNIT.,$,$);
+#158= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#12,-1);
+#159= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#121,#158),.SHEARMODULUSUNIT.,$,'pound-force per square inch');
+#207= IFCUNITASSIGNMENT((#12,#24,#31,#39,#43,#48,#59,#98,#102,#105,#114,#120,#122,#141,#144,#149,#153,#155,#157,#159));
+
+/* The project */
+#208= IFCPROJECT('0QjBRF7yLCTh4HRF3GOF1t',#209,'Project',$,$,$,$,(#212,#215),#207);
+
+/* Owner history referenced by all objects */
+#209= IFCOWNERHISTORY(#5,#1,.READWRITE.,.NOCHANGE.,$,$,$,1320677205);
+
+/* Project coordinate system */
+#210= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,0.));
+#211= IFCAXIS2PLACEMENT3D(#210,$,$);
+#212= IFCGEOMETRICREPRESENTATIONCONTEXT('3D','Model',3,0.00001,#211,$);
+#213= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,0.));
+#214= IFCAXIS2PLACEMENT3D(#213,$,$);
+#215= IFCGEOMETRICREPRESENTATIONCONTEXT('2D','Plan',2,0.00001,#214,$);
+
+/* Structural analysis model */
+#216= IFCSTRUCTURALANALYSISMODEL('0VYesmxUHFNez26MoJx5F3',#209,'Structural Analysis #1',$,$,.NOTDEFINED.,#219,(#312),(#2729),#220);
+#218= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,0.));
+#219= IFCAXIS2PLACEMENT3D(#218,$,$);
+#220= IFCLOCALPLACEMENT($,#222);
+#221= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,0.));
+#222= IFCAXIS2PLACEMENT3D(#221,$,$);
+
+/* Analysis model is declared on project; this distinguishes top-level analysis models from potential aggregated sub-models */
+#224= IFCRELDECLARES('1Frhk31Z12CR9mBbodz9XE',#209,'GROUP',$,#208,(#216));
+
+/* The structural member for the left column (object) */
+#228= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEMEMBER('3eXlZ8csrAvfIIXVwC_gVP',#209,'Curve Member #1',$,$,$,#255,.RIGID_JOINED_MEMBER.,#230);
+#230= IFCDIRECTION((1.,0.,0.));
+
+/* The structural node underneath the left column */
+#232= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,0.));
+#233= IFCVERTEXPOINT(#232);
+#234= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Solid',(#233));
+#235= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#234));
+#236= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTCONNECTION('3539fAVu96i8mFr0cgUqeI',#209,'Point Connection #1',$,$,$,#235,#242,$);
+
+/* assignment of connections and members to the analysis model */
+#239= IFCRELASSIGNSTOGROUP('3mDDAcu390$A5orhhUv4qv',#209,$,$,(#236,#247,#228,#271,#280,#263,#296),$,#216);
+
+/* fixed restraint at node underneath left column */
+#242= IFCBOUNDARYNODECONDITION('Fixed',IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.));
+
+/* The structural node above the left column */
+#243= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,120.));
+#244= IFCVERTEXPOINT(#243);
+#245= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Vertex',(#244));
+#246= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#245));
+#247= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTCONNECTION('2mc6ibF258HPIpTmqg6DSl',#209,'Point Connection #2',$,$,$,#246,$,$);
+
+/* The structural member for the left column (representation) */
+#252= IFCEDGE(#233,#244);
+#253= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Edge',(#252));
+#255= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#253));
+#258= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('2Z9w70JuDEUx6TnggLE2wU',#209,$,$,#228,#236,$,$,$,$);
+#260= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('1GClK7cwT80xzpZuaAlGXp',#209,$,$,#228,#247,$,$,$,$);
+
+/* The structural member for the right column (object) */
+#263= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEMEMBER('3jULd7ui93JOXl5trkpgTT',#209,'Curve Member #2',$,$,$,#288,.RIGID_JOINED_MEMBER.,#265);
+#265= IFCDIRECTION((1.,0.,0.));
+
+/* The structural node underneath the right column */
+#267= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((192.,0.,0.));
+#268= IFCVERTEXPOINT(#267);
+#269= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Vertex',(#268));
+#270= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#269));
+#271= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTCONNECTION('1dqi3aUQP3yeww5muaF15h',#209,'Point Connection #3',$,$,$,#270,#275,$);
+#275= IFCBOUNDARYNODECONDITION('Fixed',IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.));
+
+/* The structural node connecting the right column to the beam */
+#276= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((192.,0.,120.));
+#277= IFCVERTEXPOINT(#276);
+#278= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Vertex',(#277));
+#279= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#278));
+#280= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTCONNECTION('0IHrRf6abAZwDys7n7fbS2',#209,'Point Connection #4',$,$,$,#279,$,$);
+
+/* The structural member for the right column (representation) */
+#285= IFCEDGE(#268,#277);
+#286= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Edge',(#285));
+#288= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#286));
+#291= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('0r1xJykBf1OOYUn7dRt3DM',#209,$,$,#263,#271,$,$,$,$);
+#293= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('1$D3QsVBj2kf4iUp5hUEu2',#209,$,$,#263,#280,$,$,$,$);
+
+/* The structural member for the beam */
+#296= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEMEMBER('25vEW7EzrBTvz5cbNWzhP$',#209,'Curve Member #3',$,$,$,#304,.RIGID_JOINED_MEMBER.,#298);
+#298= IFCDIRECTION((0.,0.,1.));
+#301= IFCEDGE(#244,#277);
+#302= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Edge',(#301));
+#304= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#302));
+#307= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('3ZUyJTZMHEev9njAeNDQUT',#209,$,$,#296,#247,$,$,$,$);
+#309= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('3Y3WZZzV16XQ$1wEZLWjJX',#209,$,$,#296,#280,$,$,$,$);
+
+/* single load case */
+#312= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADCASE('2fv4DZfY55exwX8QDy8dmw',#209,'Structural Load Case #1',$,$,.LOAD_CASE.,.NOTDEFINED.,.NOTDEFINED.,1.,$,(0.,0.,0.));
+
+/* linear load along left half of beam */
+#317= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEACTION('2WSwGyLsrFNA9TLOq_ifyd',#209,'Structural Curve Action #1',$,$,$,$,#326,.GLOBAL_COORDS.,.F.,$,.LINEAR.);
+#326= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADCONFIGURATION($,(#327,#329),((96.),(192.)));
+#327= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADLINEARFORCE('Nominal',$,$,-100.,$,$,$);
+#329= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADLINEARFORCE('Nominal',$,$,-100.,$,$,$);
+#335= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('0XvroPpOb4FPsGBZQ$pgtA',#209,$,$,#296,#317);
+#337= IFCRELASSIGNSTOGROUP('2OygXKIkL35eDtUalQjese',#209,$,$,(#317),$,#312);
+
+/* Material profile set associated with each structural member */
+#340= IFCMATERIALPROFILESET($,$,(#342),$);
+#342= IFCMATERIALPROFILE($,$,#353,#419,$,$);
+#344= IFCMATERIALPROFILESETUSAGE(#340,$,$);
+#345= IFCRELASSOCIATESMATERIAL('01kVXT9hb7C80NqRflZZF9',#209,$,$,(#228,#263,#296),#344);
+
+/* Material and properties */
+#353= IFCMATERIAL('ASTM A36',$,'Steel');
+#371= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('MassDensity',$,IFCMASSDENSITYMEASURE(0.284011391108717),$);
+#372= IFCMATERIALPROPERTIES('Pset_MaterialCommon',$,(#371),#353);
+#375= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('YoungModulus',$,IFCMODULUSOFELASTICITYMEASURE(29.),$);
+#376= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('ShearModulus',$,IFCMODULUSOFELASTICITYMEASURE(11.2),$);
+#379= IFCMATERIALPROPERTIES('Pset_MaterialMechanical',$,(#375,#376),#353);
+
+/* Profile and properties */
+#419= IFCISHAPEPROFILEDEF(.AREA.,'W10X30',$,5.81,10.5,0.3,0.51,0.125,$,$);
+#965= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('MassPerLength',$,IFCMASSPERLENGTHMEASURE(2.5),$);
+#966= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('CrossSectionArea',$,IFCAREAMEASURE(8.84),$);
+#974= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('MomentOfInertiaY',$,IFCMOMENTOFINERTIAMEASURE(170.),$);
+#975= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('MomentOfInertiaZ',$,IFCMOMENTOFINERTIAMEASURE(16.7),$);
+#985= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('TorsionalSectionModulus',$,IFCSECTIONMODULUSMEASURE(0.622),$);
+#990= IFCPROFILEPROPERTIES('Pset_ProfileMechanical',$,(#965,#966,#974,#975,#985),#419);
+
+/* The result group indicating reactions for the load case */
+#2729= IFCSTRUCTURALRESULTGROUP('3nK7dm3u9EYhoBHOTo765A',#209,$,$,$,.FIRST_ORDER_THEORY.,#312,.T.);
+
+/* The node below the left column has no displacement (it has fixed boundary condition so it shouldn't) */
+#2732= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEDISPLACEMENT($,0.,0.,0.,0.,0.,0.);
+#2733= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('0Ci9_J7iLDhuBtYHGEpcTw',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2732,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2735= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('2nVw9fFML1G8QuiGnXOdEh',#209,$,$,#236,#2733);
+
+/* Each reaction is assigned to the result group. */
+#2737= IFCRELASSIGNSTOGROUP('2dN5hErLP9zB0e5nA$yT0F',#209,$,$,(#2733,#2741,#2747,#2753,#2759,#2765,#2773,#2781,#2789),$,#2729);
+
+/* The node below the left column has a reaction with force upwards and to the right and moment counter-clockwise as facing +Y */
+#2740= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE($,1422.66326629449,0.,2278.52897011915,0.,66694.8548930371,0.);
+#2741= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('1VIuS9lz50U9$sbX2t8CSb',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2740,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2743= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('2l0cjBJHH8nxFBsGxDKSfi',#209,$,$,#236,#2741);
+
+/* The node above the left column has a displacement to the left (sway) */
+#2746= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEDISPLACEMENT($,-0.00112040278567376,0.,-7.54271659073925E-05,0.,3.08969735441016E-05,0.);
+#2747= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('2Xxob9ZATFeQmLnunjg4E$',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2746,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2749= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('2iaDWtrbn6W9TfDxfsikIH',#209,$,$,#247,#2747);
+
+/* The node below the right column has no displacement (it has a fixed boundary condition so it shouldn't) */
+#2752= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEDISPLACEMENT($,0.,0.,0.,0.,0.,0.);
+#2753= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('2YqhTmxQv6_AQPAcaE66Xu',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2752,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2755= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('0yGyLgS9T3Y9D6VtgcdAkS',#209,$,$,#271,#2753);
+
+/* The node below the right column has a reaction with force updwards and to the left and moment clockwise as facing +Y */
+#2758= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE($,-1422.73493120008,0.,7321.47102988085,0.,-43375.4476654014,0.);
+#2759= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('1b1zM4uHz8exw0fvIGvpGQ',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2758,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2761= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('0Whra2O$v9wePeIU6IImNQ',#209,$,$,#271,#2759);
+
+/* The node above the right column has a displacement to the left (sway) */
+#2764= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEDISPLACEMENT($,-0.00119575654821984,0.,-0.000242365937540883,0.,-6.94996291089951E-05,0.);
+#2765= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('33628eH254VAe0O7d63nzI',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2764,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2767= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('2ukIn71Pr2VwtcAQ5GPi8T',#209,$,$,#280,#2765);
+
+/* The member for the left column has end reactions for which shear and moment diagrams may be derived */
+#2770= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Head',2278.52897011915,0.,-1422.66326629449,0.,66694.8548930371,0.);
+#2771= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Tail',-2278.52897011915,0.,1422.66326629449,0.,104027.289932507,0.);
+#2772= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADCONFIGURATION('Member End Reactions',(#2770,#2771),((0.),(120.)));
+#2773= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEREACTION('0SH7YcIWrB8Q4VcWjfXpnn',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2772,.GLOBAL_COORDS.,.DISCRETE.);
+#2775= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('2vTn7XCur6sByitir9a9jj',#209,$,$,#228,#2773);
+
+/* The member for the right column has end reactions for which shear and moment diagrams may be derived */
+#2778= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Head',7321.47102988085,0.,1422.73493120008,0.,-43375.4476654014,0.);
+#2779= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Tail',-7321.47102988085,0.,-1422.73493120008,0.,-127343.989381682,0.);
+#2780= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADCONFIGURATION('Member End Reactions',(#2778,#2779),((0.),(120.)));
+#2781= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEREACTION('1L3TtLyyPEzgk1VyvDrWiH',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2780,.GLOBAL_COORDS.,.DISCRETE.);
+#2783= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('23GMRW_cf7tA667rAWkQOC',#209,$,$,#263,#2781);
+
+/* The member for the beam has end reactions for which shear and moment diagrams may be derived */
+#2786= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Head',1422.69473557039,0.,2278.52222225513,0.,-104030.36194645,0.);
+#2787= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Tail',-1422.69473557039,0.,7321.47777774487,0.,127353.857770554,0.);
+#2788= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADCONFIGURATION('Member End Reactions',(#2786,#2787),((0.),(192.)));
+#2789= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEREACTION('2ssucs0rX8KgBecASOwgSd',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2788,.GLOBAL_COORDS.,.DISCRETE.);
+#2791= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('1tmGmLIfTFnBfWx$tia32R',#209,$,$,#296,#2789);
+
+ENDSEC;
+
+END-ISO-10303-21;
diff --git a/test/files/gem004/fail-gem004-ifc4-solid_as_topology_representation_type.ifc b/test/files/gem004/fail-gem004-ifc4-solid_as_topology_representation_type.ifc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..21b383b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/files/gem004/fail-gem004-ifc4-solid_as_topology_representation_type.ifc
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+ISO-10303-21;
+HEADER;
+FILE_DESCRIPTION((''),'2;1');
+FILE_NAME('','2023-07-18',(''),(''),'redacted','redacted','');
+FILE_SCHEMA(('IFC4'));
+ENDSEC;
+
+DATA;
+
+/* Owner history user and application */
+#1= IFCAPPLICATION(#2,'redacted','redacted','redacted');
+#2= IFCORGANIZATION($,'redacted',$,$,$);
+#3= IFCPERSON('redacted',$,$,$,$,$,$,$);
+#4= IFCORGANIZATION($,'redacted',$,$,$);
+#5= IFCPERSONANDORGANIZATION(#3,#4,$);
+
+/* Units */
+#9= IFCSIUNIT(*,.AREAUNIT.,$,.SQUARE_METRE.);
+#10= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCAREAMEASURE(0.0006452),#9);
+#11= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(2,0,0,0,0,0,0);
+#12= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#11,.AREAUNIT.,'square inch',#10);
+#21= IFCSIUNIT(*,.FORCEUNIT.,$,.NEWTON.);
+#22= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCMASSMEASURE(4.44822162),#21);
+#23= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(1,1,-2,0,0,0,0);
+#24= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#23,.FORCEUNIT.,'pound-force',#22);
+#28= IFCSIUNIT(*,.LENGTHUNIT.,$,.METRE.);
+#29= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCLENGTHMEASURE(0.0254),#28);
+#30= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(1,0,0,0,0,0,0);
+#31= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#30,.LENGTHUNIT.,'inch',#29);
+#36= IFCSIUNIT(*,.MASSUNIT.,.KILO.,.GRAM.);
+#37= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCMASSMEASURE(0.45359237),#36);
+#38= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(0,1,0,0,0,0,0);
+#39= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#38,.MASSUNIT.,'pound',#37);
+#40= IFCSIUNIT(*,.PLANEANGLEUNIT.,$,.RADIAN.);
+#41= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCPLANEANGLEMEASURE(0.0174532925199433),#40);
+#42= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(0,0,0,0,0,0,0);
+#43= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#42,.PLANEANGLEUNIT.,'degree',#41);
+#45= IFCSIUNIT(*,.PRESSUREUNIT.,$,.PASCAL.);
+#46= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCPRESSUREMEASURE(6894.7572932),#45);
+#47= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(-1,1,-2,0,0,0,0);
+#48= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#47,.PRESSUREUNIT.,'pound-force per square inch',#46);
+#56= IFCSIUNIT(*,.VOLUMEUNIT.,$,.CUBIC_METRE.);
+#57= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCVOLUMEMEASURE(1.639E-05),#56);
+#58= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(3,0,0,0,0,0,0);
+#59= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#58,.VOLUMEUNIT.,'cubic inch',#57);
+#96= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#24,1);
+#97= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,-1);
+#98= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#96,#97),.LINEARFORCEUNIT.,$,$);
+#99= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#24,1);
+#100= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,1);
+#101= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,-1);
+#102= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#99,#100,#101),.LINEARMOMENTUNIT.,$,$);
+#103= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#24,1);
+#104= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,-1);
+#105= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#103,#104),.LINEARSTIFFNESSUNIT.,$,$);
+#112= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#39,1);
+#113= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#59,-1);
+#114= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#112,#113),.MASSDENSITYUNIT.,$,$);
+#118= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#39,1);
+#119= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,-1);
+#120= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#118,#119),.MASSPERLENGTHUNIT.,$,$);
+#121= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#39,1);
+#122= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#121,#158),.MODULUSOFELASTICITYUNIT.,$,'pound-force per square inch');
+#140= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,4);
+#141= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#140),.MOMENTOFINERTIAUNIT.,$,$);
+#142= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#24,1);
+#143= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#12,-1);
+#144= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#142,#143),.PLANARFORCEUNIT.,$,$);
+#147= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#39,1);
+#148= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#12,-1);
+#149= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#147,#148),.ROTATIONALMASSUNIT.,$,$);
+#150= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#24,1);
+#151= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,1);
+#152= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#43,-1);
+#153= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#150,#151,#152),.ROTATIONALSTIFFNESSUNIT.,$,$);
+#154= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,5);
+#155= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#154),.SECTIONAREAINTEGRALUNIT.,$,$);
+#156= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,3);
+#157= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#156),.SECTIONMODULUSUNIT.,$,$);
+#158= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#12,-1);
+#159= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#121,#158),.SHEARMODULUSUNIT.,$,'pound-force per square inch');
+#207= IFCUNITASSIGNMENT((#12,#24,#31,#39,#43,#48,#59,#98,#102,#105,#114,#120,#122,#141,#144,#149,#153,#155,#157,#159));
+
+/* The project */
+#208= IFCPROJECT('0QjBRF7yLCTh4HRF3GOF1t',#209,'Project',$,$,$,$,(#212,#215),#207);
+
+/* Owner history referenced by all objects */
+#209= IFCOWNERHISTORY(#5,#1,.READWRITE.,.NOCHANGE.,$,$,$,1320677205);
+
+/* Project coordinate system */
+#210= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,0.));
+#211= IFCAXIS2PLACEMENT3D(#210,$,$);
+#212= IFCGEOMETRICREPRESENTATIONCONTEXT('3D','Model',3,0.00001,#211,$);
+#213= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,0.));
+#214= IFCAXIS2PLACEMENT3D(#213,$,$);
+#215= IFCGEOMETRICREPRESENTATIONCONTEXT('2D','Plan',2,0.00001,#214,$);
+
+/* Structural analysis model */
+#216= IFCSTRUCTURALANALYSISMODEL('0VYesmxUHFNez26MoJx5F3',#209,'Structural Analysis #1',$,$,.NOTDEFINED.,#219,(#312),(#2729),#220);
+#218= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,0.));
+#219= IFCAXIS2PLACEMENT3D(#218,$,$);
+#220= IFCLOCALPLACEMENT($,#222);
+#221= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,0.));
+#222= IFCAXIS2PLACEMENT3D(#221,$,$);
+
+/* Analysis model is declared on project; this distinguishes top-level analysis models from potential aggregated sub-models */
+#224= IFCRELDECLARES('1Frhk31Z12CR9mBbodz9XE',#209,'GROUP',$,#208,(#216));
+
+/* The structural member for the left column (object) */
+#228= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEMEMBER('3eXlZ8csrAvfIIXVwC_gVP',#209,'Curve Member #1',$,$,$,#255,.RIGID_JOINED_MEMBER.,#230);
+#230= IFCDIRECTION((1.,0.,0.));
+
+/* The structural node underneath the left column */
+#232= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,0.));
+#233= IFCVERTEXPOINT(#232);
+#234= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Solid',(#233));
+#235= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#234));
+#236= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTCONNECTION('3539fAVu96i8mFr0cgUqeI',#209,'Point Connection #1',$,$,$,#235,#242,$);
+
+/* assignment of connections and members to the analysis model */
+#239= IFCRELASSIGNSTOGROUP('3mDDAcu390$A5orhhUv4qv',#209,$,$,(#236,#247,#228,#271,#280,#263,#296),$,#216);
+
+/* fixed restraint at node underneath left column */
+#242= IFCBOUNDARYNODECONDITION('Fixed',IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.));
+
+/* The structural node above the left column */
+#243= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,120.));
+#244= IFCVERTEXPOINT(#243);
+#245= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Vertex',(#244));
+#246= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#245));
+#247= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTCONNECTION('2mc6ibF258HPIpTmqg6DSl',#209,'Point Connection #2',$,$,$,#246,$,$);
+
+/* The structural member for the left column (representation) */
+#252= IFCEDGE(#233,#244);
+#253= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Edge',(#252));
+#255= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#253));
+#258= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('2Z9w70JuDEUx6TnggLE2wU',#209,$,$,#228,#236,$,$,$,$);
+#260= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('1GClK7cwT80xzpZuaAlGXp',#209,$,$,#228,#247,$,$,$,$);
+
+/* The structural member for the right column (object) */
+#263= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEMEMBER('3jULd7ui93JOXl5trkpgTT',#209,'Curve Member #2',$,$,$,#288,.RIGID_JOINED_MEMBER.,#265);
+#265= IFCDIRECTION((1.,0.,0.));
+
+/* The structural node underneath the right column */
+#267= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((192.,0.,0.));
+#268= IFCVERTEXPOINT(#267);
+#269= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Vertex',(#268));
+#270= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#269));
+#271= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTCONNECTION('1dqi3aUQP3yeww5muaF15h',#209,'Point Connection #3',$,$,$,#270,#275,$);
+#275= IFCBOUNDARYNODECONDITION('Fixed',IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.));
+
+/* The structural node connecting the right column to the beam */
+#276= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((192.,0.,120.));
+#277= IFCVERTEXPOINT(#276);
+#278= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Vertex',(#277));
+#279= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#278));
+#280= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTCONNECTION('0IHrRf6abAZwDys7n7fbS2',#209,'Point Connection #4',$,$,$,#279,$,$);
+
+/* The structural member for the right column (representation) */
+#285= IFCEDGE(#268,#277);
+#286= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Edge',(#285));
+#288= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#286));
+#291= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('0r1xJykBf1OOYUn7dRt3DM',#209,$,$,#263,#271,$,$,$,$);
+#293= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('1$D3QsVBj2kf4iUp5hUEu2',#209,$,$,#263,#280,$,$,$,$);
+
+/* The structural member for the beam */
+#296= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEMEMBER('25vEW7EzrBTvz5cbNWzhP$',#209,'Curve Member #3',$,$,$,#304,.RIGID_JOINED_MEMBER.,#298);
+#298= IFCDIRECTION((0.,0.,1.));
+#301= IFCEDGE(#244,#277);
+#302= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Edge',(#301));
+#304= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#302));
+#307= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('3ZUyJTZMHEev9njAeNDQUT',#209,$,$,#296,#247,$,$,$,$);
+#309= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('3Y3WZZzV16XQ$1wEZLWjJX',#209,$,$,#296,#280,$,$,$,$);
+
+/* single load case */
+#312= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADCASE('2fv4DZfY55exwX8QDy8dmw',#209,'Structural Load Case #1',$,$,.LOAD_CASE.,.NOTDEFINED.,.NOTDEFINED.,1.,$,(0.,0.,0.));
+
+/* linear load along left half of beam */
+#317= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEACTION('2WSwGyLsrFNA9TLOq_ifyd',#209,'Structural Curve Action #1',$,$,$,$,#326,.GLOBAL_COORDS.,.F.,$,.LINEAR.);
+#326= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADCONFIGURATION($,(#327,#329),((96.),(192.)));
+#327= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADLINEARFORCE('Nominal',$,$,-100.,$,$,$);
+#329= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADLINEARFORCE('Nominal',$,$,-100.,$,$,$);
+#335= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('0XvroPpOb4FPsGBZQ$pgtA',#209,$,$,#296,#317);
+#337= IFCRELASSIGNSTOGROUP('2OygXKIkL35eDtUalQjese',#209,$,$,(#317),$,#312);
+
+/* Material profile set associated with each structural member */
+#340= IFCMATERIALPROFILESET($,$,(#342),$);
+#342= IFCMATERIALPROFILE($,$,#353,#419,$,$);
+#344= IFCMATERIALPROFILESETUSAGE(#340,$,$);
+#345= IFCRELASSOCIATESMATERIAL('01kVXT9hb7C80NqRflZZF9',#209,$,$,(#228,#263,#296),#344);
+
+/* Material and properties */
+#353= IFCMATERIAL('ASTM A36',$,'Steel');
+#371= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('MassDensity',$,IFCMASSDENSITYMEASURE(0.284011391108717),$);
+#372= IFCMATERIALPROPERTIES('Pset_MaterialCommon',$,(#371),#353);
+#375= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('YoungModulus',$,IFCMODULUSOFELASTICITYMEASURE(29.),$);
+#376= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('ShearModulus',$,IFCMODULUSOFELASTICITYMEASURE(11.2),$);
+#379= IFCMATERIALPROPERTIES('Pset_MaterialMechanical',$,(#375,#376),#353);
+
+/* Profile and properties */
+#419= IFCISHAPEPROFILEDEF(.AREA.,'W10X30',$,5.81,10.5,0.3,0.51,0.125,$,$);
+#965= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('MassPerLength',$,IFCMASSPERLENGTHMEASURE(2.5),$);
+#966= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('CrossSectionArea',$,IFCAREAMEASURE(8.84),$);
+#974= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('MomentOfInertiaY',$,IFCMOMENTOFINERTIAMEASURE(170.),$);
+#975= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('MomentOfInertiaZ',$,IFCMOMENTOFINERTIAMEASURE(16.7),$);
+#985= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('TorsionalSectionModulus',$,IFCSECTIONMODULUSMEASURE(0.622),$);
+#990= IFCPROFILEPROPERTIES('Pset_ProfileMechanical',$,(#965,#966,#974,#975,#985),#419);
+
+/* The result group indicating reactions for the load case */
+#2729= IFCSTRUCTURALRESULTGROUP('3nK7dm3u9EYhoBHOTo765A',#209,$,$,$,.FIRST_ORDER_THEORY.,#312,.T.);
+
+/* The node below the left column has no displacement (it has fixed boundary condition so it shouldn't) */
+#2732= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEDISPLACEMENT($,0.,0.,0.,0.,0.,0.);
+#2733= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('0Ci9_J7iLDhuBtYHGEpcTw',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2732,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2735= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('2nVw9fFML1G8QuiGnXOdEh',#209,$,$,#236,#2733);
+
+/* Each reaction is assigned to the result group. */
+#2737= IFCRELASSIGNSTOGROUP('2dN5hErLP9zB0e5nA$yT0F',#209,$,$,(#2733,#2741,#2747,#2753,#2759,#2765,#2773,#2781,#2789),$,#2729);
+
+/* The node below the left column has a reaction with force upwards and to the right and moment counter-clockwise as facing +Y */
+#2740= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE($,1422.66326629449,0.,2278.52897011915,0.,66694.8548930371,0.);
+#2741= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('1VIuS9lz50U9$sbX2t8CSb',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2740,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2743= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('2l0cjBJHH8nxFBsGxDKSfi',#209,$,$,#236,#2741);
+
+/* The node above the left column has a displacement to the left (sway) */
+#2746= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEDISPLACEMENT($,-0.00112040278567376,0.,-7.54271659073925E-05,0.,3.08969735441016E-05,0.);
+#2747= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('2Xxob9ZATFeQmLnunjg4E$',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2746,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2749= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('2iaDWtrbn6W9TfDxfsikIH',#209,$,$,#247,#2747);
+
+/* The node below the right column has no displacement (it has a fixed boundary condition so it shouldn't) */
+#2752= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEDISPLACEMENT($,0.,0.,0.,0.,0.,0.);
+#2753= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('2YqhTmxQv6_AQPAcaE66Xu',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2752,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2755= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('0yGyLgS9T3Y9D6VtgcdAkS',#209,$,$,#271,#2753);
+
+/* The node below the right column has a reaction with force updwards and to the left and moment clockwise as facing +Y */
+#2758= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE($,-1422.73493120008,0.,7321.47102988085,0.,-43375.4476654014,0.);
+#2759= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('1b1zM4uHz8exw0fvIGvpGQ',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2758,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2761= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('0Whra2O$v9wePeIU6IImNQ',#209,$,$,#271,#2759);
+
+/* The node above the right column has a displacement to the left (sway) */
+#2764= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEDISPLACEMENT($,-0.00119575654821984,0.,-0.000242365937540883,0.,-6.94996291089951E-05,0.);
+#2765= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('33628eH254VAe0O7d63nzI',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2764,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2767= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('2ukIn71Pr2VwtcAQ5GPi8T',#209,$,$,#280,#2765);
+
+/* The member for the left column has end reactions for which shear and moment diagrams may be derived */
+#2770= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Head',2278.52897011915,0.,-1422.66326629449,0.,66694.8548930371,0.);
+#2771= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Tail',-2278.52897011915,0.,1422.66326629449,0.,104027.289932507,0.);
+#2772= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADCONFIGURATION('Member End Reactions',(#2770,#2771),((0.),(120.)));
+#2773= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEREACTION('0SH7YcIWrB8Q4VcWjfXpnn',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2772,.GLOBAL_COORDS.,.DISCRETE.);
+#2775= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('2vTn7XCur6sByitir9a9jj',#209,$,$,#228,#2773);
+
+/* The member for the right column has end reactions for which shear and moment diagrams may be derived */
+#2778= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Head',7321.47102988085,0.,1422.73493120008,0.,-43375.4476654014,0.);
+#2779= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Tail',-7321.47102988085,0.,-1422.73493120008,0.,-127343.989381682,0.);
+#2780= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADCONFIGURATION('Member End Reactions',(#2778,#2779),((0.),(120.)));
+#2781= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEREACTION('1L3TtLyyPEzgk1VyvDrWiH',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2780,.GLOBAL_COORDS.,.DISCRETE.);
+#2783= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('23GMRW_cf7tA667rAWkQOC',#209,$,$,#263,#2781);
+
+/* The member for the beam has end reactions for which shear and moment diagrams may be derived */
+#2786= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Head',1422.69473557039,0.,2278.52222225513,0.,-104030.36194645,0.);
+#2787= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Tail',-1422.69473557039,0.,7321.47777774487,0.,127353.857770554,0.);
+#2788= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADCONFIGURATION('Member End Reactions',(#2786,#2787),((0.),(192.)));
+#2789= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEREACTION('2ssucs0rX8KgBecASOwgSd',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2788,.GLOBAL_COORDS.,.DISCRETE.);
+#2791= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('1tmGmLIfTFnBfWx$tia32R',#209,$,$,#296,#2789);
+
+ENDSEC;
+
+END-ISO-10303-21;
diff --git a/test/files/gem004/fail-gem004-ifc4x3-solid_as_topology_representation_type.ifc b/test/files/gem004/fail-gem004-ifc4x3-solid_as_topology_representation_type.ifc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f3950229
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/files/gem004/fail-gem004-ifc4x3-solid_as_topology_representation_type.ifc
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+ISO-10303-21;
+HEADER;
+FILE_DESCRIPTION((''),'2;1');
+FILE_NAME('','2023-07-18',(''),(''),'redacted','redacted','');
+FILE_SCHEMA(('IFC4X3_ADD2'));
+ENDSEC;
+
+DATA;
+
+/* Owner history user and application */
+#1= IFCAPPLICATION(#2,'redacted','redacted','redacted');
+#2= IFCORGANIZATION($,'redacted',$,$,$);
+#3= IFCPERSON('redacted',$,$,$,$,$,$,$);
+#4= IFCORGANIZATION($,'redacted',$,$,$);
+#5= IFCPERSONANDORGANIZATION(#3,#4,$);
+
+/* Units */
+#9= IFCSIUNIT(*,.AREAUNIT.,$,.SQUARE_METRE.);
+#10= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCAREAMEASURE(0.0006452),#9);
+#11= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(2,0,0,0,0,0,0);
+#12= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#11,.AREAUNIT.,'square inch',#10);
+#21= IFCSIUNIT(*,.FORCEUNIT.,$,.NEWTON.);
+#22= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCMASSMEASURE(4.44822162),#21);
+#23= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(1,1,-2,0,0,0,0);
+#24= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#23,.FORCEUNIT.,'pound-force',#22);
+#28= IFCSIUNIT(*,.LENGTHUNIT.,$,.METRE.);
+#29= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCLENGTHMEASURE(0.0254),#28);
+#30= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(1,0,0,0,0,0,0);
+#31= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#30,.LENGTHUNIT.,'inch',#29);
+#36= IFCSIUNIT(*,.MASSUNIT.,.KILO.,.GRAM.);
+#37= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCMASSMEASURE(0.45359237),#36);
+#38= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(0,1,0,0,0,0,0);
+#39= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#38,.MASSUNIT.,'pound',#37);
+#40= IFCSIUNIT(*,.PLANEANGLEUNIT.,$,.RADIAN.);
+#41= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCPLANEANGLEMEASURE(0.0174532925199433),#40);
+#42= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(0,0,0,0,0,0,0);
+#43= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#42,.PLANEANGLEUNIT.,'degree',#41);
+#45= IFCSIUNIT(*,.PRESSUREUNIT.,$,.PASCAL.);
+#46= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCPRESSUREMEASURE(6894.7572932),#45);
+#47= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(-1,1,-2,0,0,0,0);
+#48= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#47,.PRESSUREUNIT.,'pound-force per square inch',#46);
+#56= IFCSIUNIT(*,.VOLUMEUNIT.,$,.CUBIC_METRE.);
+#57= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCVOLUMEMEASURE(1.639E-05),#56);
+#58= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(3,0,0,0,0,0,0);
+#59= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#58,.VOLUMEUNIT.,'cubic inch',#57);
+#96= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#24,1);
+#97= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,-1);
+#98= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#96,#97),.LINEARFORCEUNIT.,$,$);
+#99= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#24,1);
+#100= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,1);
+#101= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,-1);
+#102= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#99,#100,#101),.LINEARMOMENTUNIT.,$,$);
+#103= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#24,1);
+#104= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,-1);
+#105= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#103,#104),.LINEARSTIFFNESSUNIT.,$,$);
+#112= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#39,1);
+#113= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#59,-1);
+#114= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#112,#113),.MASSDENSITYUNIT.,$,$);
+#118= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#39,1);
+#119= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,-1);
+#120= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#118,#119),.MASSPERLENGTHUNIT.,$,$);
+#121= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#39,1);
+#122= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#121,#158),.MODULUSOFELASTICITYUNIT.,$,'pound-force per square inch');
+#140= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,4);
+#141= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#140),.MOMENTOFINERTIAUNIT.,$,$);
+#142= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#24,1);
+#143= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#12,-1);
+#144= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#142,#143),.PLANARFORCEUNIT.,$,$);
+#147= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#39,1);
+#148= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#12,-1);
+#149= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#147,#148),.ROTATIONALMASSUNIT.,$,$);
+#150= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#24,1);
+#151= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,1);
+#152= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#43,-1);
+#153= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#150,#151,#152),.ROTATIONALSTIFFNESSUNIT.,$,$);
+#154= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,5);
+#155= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#154),.SECTIONAREAINTEGRALUNIT.,$,$);
+#156= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,3);
+#157= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#156),.SECTIONMODULUSUNIT.,$,$);
+#158= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#12,-1);
+#159= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#121,#158),.SHEARMODULUSUNIT.,$,'pound-force per square inch');
+#207= IFCUNITASSIGNMENT((#12,#24,#31,#39,#43,#48,#59,#98,#102,#105,#114,#120,#122,#141,#144,#149,#153,#155,#157,#159));
+
+/* The project */
+#208= IFCPROJECT('0QjBRF7yLCTh4HRF3GOF1t',#209,'Project',$,$,$,$,(#212,#215),#207);
+
+/* Owner history referenced by all objects */
+#209= IFCOWNERHISTORY(#5,#1,.READWRITE.,.NOCHANGE.,$,$,$,1320677205);
+
+/* Project coordinate system */
+#210= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,0.));
+#211= IFCAXIS2PLACEMENT3D(#210,$,$);
+#212= IFCGEOMETRICREPRESENTATIONCONTEXT('3D','Model',3,0.00001,#211,$);
+#213= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,0.));
+#214= IFCAXIS2PLACEMENT3D(#213,$,$);
+#215= IFCGEOMETRICREPRESENTATIONCONTEXT('2D','Plan',2,0.00001,#214,$);
+
+/* Structural analysis model */
+#216= IFCSTRUCTURALANALYSISMODEL('0VYesmxUHFNez26MoJx5F3',#209,'Structural Analysis #1',$,$,.NOTDEFINED.,#219,(#312),(#2729),#220);
+#218= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,0.));
+#219= IFCAXIS2PLACEMENT3D(#218,$,$);
+#220= IFCLOCALPLACEMENT($,#222);
+#221= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,0.));
+#222= IFCAXIS2PLACEMENT3D(#221,$,$);
+
+/* Analysis model is declared on project; this distinguishes top-level analysis models from potential aggregated sub-models */
+#224= IFCRELDECLARES('1Frhk31Z12CR9mBbodz9XE',#209,'GROUP',$,#208,(#216));
+
+/* The structural member for the left column (object) */
+#228= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEMEMBER('3eXlZ8csrAvfIIXVwC_gVP',#209,'Curve Member #1',$,$,$,#255,.RIGID_JOINED_MEMBER.,#230);
+#230= IFCDIRECTION((1.,0.,0.));
+
+/* The structural node underneath the left column */
+#232= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,0.));
+#233= IFCVERTEXPOINT(#232);
+#234= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Solid',(#233));
+#235= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#234));
+#236= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTCONNECTION('3539fAVu96i8mFr0cgUqeI',#209,'Point Connection #1',$,$,$,#235,#242,$);
+
+/* assignment of connections and members to the analysis model */
+#239= IFCRELASSIGNSTOGROUP('3mDDAcu390$A5orhhUv4qv',#209,$,$,(#236,#247,#228,#271,#280,#263,#296),$,#216);
+
+/* fixed restraint at node underneath left column */
+#242= IFCBOUNDARYNODECONDITION('Fixed',IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.));
+
+/* The structural node above the left column */
+#243= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,120.));
+#244= IFCVERTEXPOINT(#243);
+#245= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Vertex',(#244));
+#246= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#245));
+#247= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTCONNECTION('2mc6ibF258HPIpTmqg6DSl',#209,'Point Connection #2',$,$,$,#246,$,$);
+
+/* The structural member for the left column (representation) */
+#252= IFCEDGE(#233,#244);
+#253= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Edge',(#252));
+#255= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#253));
+#258= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('2Z9w70JuDEUx6TnggLE2wU',#209,$,$,#228,#236,$,$,$,$);
+#260= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('1GClK7cwT80xzpZuaAlGXp',#209,$,$,#228,#247,$,$,$,$);
+
+/* The structural member for the right column (object) */
+#263= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEMEMBER('3jULd7ui93JOXl5trkpgTT',#209,'Curve Member #2',$,$,$,#288,.RIGID_JOINED_MEMBER.,#265);
+#265= IFCDIRECTION((1.,0.,0.));
+
+/* The structural node underneath the right column */
+#267= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((192.,0.,0.));
+#268= IFCVERTEXPOINT(#267);
+#269= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Vertex',(#268));
+#270= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#269));
+#271= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTCONNECTION('1dqi3aUQP3yeww5muaF15h',#209,'Point Connection #3',$,$,$,#270,#275,$);
+#275= IFCBOUNDARYNODECONDITION('Fixed',IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.));
+
+/* The structural node connecting the right column to the beam */
+#276= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((192.,0.,120.));
+#277= IFCVERTEXPOINT(#276);
+#278= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Vertex',(#277));
+#279= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#278));
+#280= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTCONNECTION('0IHrRf6abAZwDys7n7fbS2',#209,'Point Connection #4',$,$,$,#279,$,$);
+
+/* The structural member for the right column (representation) */
+#285= IFCEDGE(#268,#277);
+#286= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Edge',(#285));
+#288= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#286));
+#291= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('0r1xJykBf1OOYUn7dRt3DM',#209,$,$,#263,#271,$,$,$,$);
+#293= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('1$D3QsVBj2kf4iUp5hUEu2',#209,$,$,#263,#280,$,$,$,$);
+
+/* The structural member for the beam */
+#296= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEMEMBER('25vEW7EzrBTvz5cbNWzhP$',#209,'Curve Member #3',$,$,$,#304,.RIGID_JOINED_MEMBER.,#298);
+#298= IFCDIRECTION((0.,0.,1.));
+#301= IFCEDGE(#244,#277);
+#302= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Edge',(#301));
+#304= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#302));
+#307= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('3ZUyJTZMHEev9njAeNDQUT',#209,$,$,#296,#247,$,$,$,$);
+#309= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('3Y3WZZzV16XQ$1wEZLWjJX',#209,$,$,#296,#280,$,$,$,$);
+
+/* single load case */
+#312= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADCASE('2fv4DZfY55exwX8QDy8dmw',#209,'Structural Load Case #1',$,$,.LOAD_CASE.,.NOTDEFINED.,.NOTDEFINED.,1.,$,(0.,0.,0.));
+
+/* linear load along left half of beam */
+#317= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEACTION('2WSwGyLsrFNA9TLOq_ifyd',#209,'Structural Curve Action #1',$,$,$,$,#326,.GLOBAL_COORDS.,.F.,$,.LINEAR.);
+#326= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADCONFIGURATION($,(#327,#329),((96.),(192.)));
+#327= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADLINEARFORCE('Nominal',$,$,-100.,$,$,$);
+#329= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADLINEARFORCE('Nominal',$,$,-100.,$,$,$);
+#335= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('0XvroPpOb4FPsGBZQ$pgtA',#209,$,$,#296,#317);
+#337= IFCRELASSIGNSTOGROUP('2OygXKIkL35eDtUalQjese',#209,$,$,(#317),$,#312);
+
+/* Material profile set associated with each structural member */
+#340= IFCMATERIALPROFILESET($,$,(#342),$);
+#342= IFCMATERIALPROFILE($,$,#353,#419,$,$);
+#344= IFCMATERIALPROFILESETUSAGE(#340,$,$);
+#345= IFCRELASSOCIATESMATERIAL('01kVXT9hb7C80NqRflZZF9',#209,$,$,(#228,#263,#296),#344);
+
+/* Material and properties */
+#353= IFCMATERIAL('ASTM A36',$,'Steel');
+#371= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('MassDensity',$,IFCMASSDENSITYMEASURE(0.284011391108717),$);
+#372= IFCMATERIALPROPERTIES('Pset_MaterialCommon',$,(#371),#353);
+#375= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('YoungModulus',$,IFCMODULUSOFELASTICITYMEASURE(29.),$);
+#376= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('ShearModulus',$,IFCMODULUSOFELASTICITYMEASURE(11.2),$);
+#379= IFCMATERIALPROPERTIES('Pset_MaterialMechanical',$,(#375,#376),#353);
+
+/* Profile and properties */
+#419= IFCISHAPEPROFILEDEF(.AREA.,'W10X30',$,5.81,10.5,0.3,0.51,0.125,$,$);
+#965= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('MassPerLength',$,IFCMASSPERLENGTHMEASURE(2.5),$);
+#966= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('CrossSectionArea',$,IFCAREAMEASURE(8.84),$);
+#974= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('MomentOfInertiaY',$,IFCMOMENTOFINERTIAMEASURE(170.),$);
+#975= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('MomentOfInertiaZ',$,IFCMOMENTOFINERTIAMEASURE(16.7),$);
+#985= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('TorsionalSectionModulus',$,IFCSECTIONMODULUSMEASURE(0.622),$);
+#990= IFCPROFILEPROPERTIES('Pset_ProfileMechanical',$,(#965,#966,#974,#975,#985),#419);
+
+/* The result group indicating reactions for the load case */
+#2729= IFCSTRUCTURALRESULTGROUP('3nK7dm3u9EYhoBHOTo765A',#209,$,$,$,.FIRST_ORDER_THEORY.,#312,.T.);
+
+/* The node below the left column has no displacement (it has fixed boundary condition so it shouldn't) */
+#2732= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEDISPLACEMENT($,0.,0.,0.,0.,0.,0.);
+#2733= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('0Ci9_J7iLDhuBtYHGEpcTw',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2732,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2735= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('2nVw9fFML1G8QuiGnXOdEh',#209,$,$,#236,#2733);
+
+/* Each reaction is assigned to the result group. */
+#2737= IFCRELASSIGNSTOGROUP('2dN5hErLP9zB0e5nA$yT0F',#209,$,$,(#2733,#2741,#2747,#2753,#2759,#2765,#2773,#2781,#2789),$,#2729);
+
+/* The node below the left column has a reaction with force upwards and to the right and moment counter-clockwise as facing +Y */
+#2740= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE($,1422.66326629449,0.,2278.52897011915,0.,66694.8548930371,0.);
+#2741= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('1VIuS9lz50U9$sbX2t8CSb',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2740,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2743= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('2l0cjBJHH8nxFBsGxDKSfi',#209,$,$,#236,#2741);
+
+/* The node above the left column has a displacement to the left (sway) */
+#2746= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEDISPLACEMENT($,-0.00112040278567376,0.,-7.54271659073925E-05,0.,3.08969735441016E-05,0.);
+#2747= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('2Xxob9ZATFeQmLnunjg4E$',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2746,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2749= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('2iaDWtrbn6W9TfDxfsikIH',#209,$,$,#247,#2747);
+
+/* The node below the right column has no displacement (it has a fixed boundary condition so it shouldn't) */
+#2752= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEDISPLACEMENT($,0.,0.,0.,0.,0.,0.);
+#2753= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('2YqhTmxQv6_AQPAcaE66Xu',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2752,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2755= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('0yGyLgS9T3Y9D6VtgcdAkS',#209,$,$,#271,#2753);
+
+/* The node below the right column has a reaction with force updwards and to the left and moment clockwise as facing +Y */
+#2758= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE($,-1422.73493120008,0.,7321.47102988085,0.,-43375.4476654014,0.);
+#2759= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('1b1zM4uHz8exw0fvIGvpGQ',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2758,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2761= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('0Whra2O$v9wePeIU6IImNQ',#209,$,$,#271,#2759);
+
+/* The node above the right column has a displacement to the left (sway) */
+#2764= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEDISPLACEMENT($,-0.00119575654821984,0.,-0.000242365937540883,0.,-6.94996291089951E-05,0.);
+#2765= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('33628eH254VAe0O7d63nzI',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2764,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2767= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('2ukIn71Pr2VwtcAQ5GPi8T',#209,$,$,#280,#2765);
+
+/* The member for the left column has end reactions for which shear and moment diagrams may be derived */
+#2770= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Head',2278.52897011915,0.,-1422.66326629449,0.,66694.8548930371,0.);
+#2771= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Tail',-2278.52897011915,0.,1422.66326629449,0.,104027.289932507,0.);
+#2772= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADCONFIGURATION('Member End Reactions',(#2770,#2771),((0.),(120.)));
+#2773= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEREACTION('0SH7YcIWrB8Q4VcWjfXpnn',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2772,.GLOBAL_COORDS.,.DISCRETE.);
+#2775= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('2vTn7XCur6sByitir9a9jj',#209,$,$,#228,#2773);
+
+/* The member for the right column has end reactions for which shear and moment diagrams may be derived */
+#2778= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Head',7321.47102988085,0.,1422.73493120008,0.,-43375.4476654014,0.);
+#2779= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Tail',-7321.47102988085,0.,-1422.73493120008,0.,-127343.989381682,0.);
+#2780= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADCONFIGURATION('Member End Reactions',(#2778,#2779),((0.),(120.)));
+#2781= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEREACTION('1L3TtLyyPEzgk1VyvDrWiH',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2780,.GLOBAL_COORDS.,.DISCRETE.);
+#2783= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('23GMRW_cf7tA667rAWkQOC',#209,$,$,#263,#2781);
+
+/* The member for the beam has end reactions for which shear and moment diagrams may be derived */
+#2786= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Head',1422.69473557039,0.,2278.52222225513,0.,-104030.36194645,0.);
+#2787= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Tail',-1422.69473557039,0.,7321.47777774487,0.,127353.857770554,0.);
+#2788= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADCONFIGURATION('Member End Reactions',(#2786,#2787),((0.),(192.)));
+#2789= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEREACTION('2ssucs0rX8KgBecASOwgSd',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2788,.GLOBAL_COORDS.,.DISCRETE.);
+#2791= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('1tmGmLIfTFnBfWx$tia32R',#209,$,$,#296,#2789);
+
+ENDSEC;
+
+END-ISO-10303-21;
diff --git a/test/files/gem004/pass-gem004-ifc4x3-vertex_as_topology_representation_type.ifc b/test/files/gem004/pass-gem004-ifc4x3-vertex_as_topology_representation_type.ifc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fce8f1b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/files/gem004/pass-gem004-ifc4x3-vertex_as_topology_representation_type.ifc
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+ISO-10303-21;
+HEADER;
+FILE_DESCRIPTION((''),'2;1');
+FILE_NAME('','2023-07-18',(''),(''),'redacted','redacted','');
+FILE_SCHEMA(('IFC4X3_ADD2'));
+ENDSEC;
+
+DATA;
+
+/* Owner history user and application */
+#1= IFCAPPLICATION(#2,'redacted','redacted','redacted');
+#2= IFCORGANIZATION($,'redacted',$,$,$);
+#3= IFCPERSON('redacted',$,$,$,$,$,$,$);
+#4= IFCORGANIZATION($,'redacted',$,$,$);
+#5= IFCPERSONANDORGANIZATION(#3,#4,$);
+
+/* Units */
+#9= IFCSIUNIT(*,.AREAUNIT.,$,.SQUARE_METRE.);
+#10= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCAREAMEASURE(0.0006452),#9);
+#11= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(2,0,0,0,0,0,0);
+#12= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#11,.AREAUNIT.,'square inch',#10);
+#21= IFCSIUNIT(*,.FORCEUNIT.,$,.NEWTON.);
+#22= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCMASSMEASURE(4.44822162),#21);
+#23= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(1,1,-2,0,0,0,0);
+#24= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#23,.FORCEUNIT.,'pound-force',#22);
+#28= IFCSIUNIT(*,.LENGTHUNIT.,$,.METRE.);
+#29= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCLENGTHMEASURE(0.0254),#28);
+#30= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(1,0,0,0,0,0,0);
+#31= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#30,.LENGTHUNIT.,'inch',#29);
+#36= IFCSIUNIT(*,.MASSUNIT.,.KILO.,.GRAM.);
+#37= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCMASSMEASURE(0.45359237),#36);
+#38= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(0,1,0,0,0,0,0);
+#39= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#38,.MASSUNIT.,'pound',#37);
+#40= IFCSIUNIT(*,.PLANEANGLEUNIT.,$,.RADIAN.);
+#41= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCPLANEANGLEMEASURE(0.0174532925199433),#40);
+#42= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(0,0,0,0,0,0,0);
+#43= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#42,.PLANEANGLEUNIT.,'degree',#41);
+#45= IFCSIUNIT(*,.PRESSUREUNIT.,$,.PASCAL.);
+#46= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCPRESSUREMEASURE(6894.7572932),#45);
+#47= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(-1,1,-2,0,0,0,0);
+#48= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#47,.PRESSUREUNIT.,'pound-force per square inch',#46);
+#56= IFCSIUNIT(*,.VOLUMEUNIT.,$,.CUBIC_METRE.);
+#57= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCVOLUMEMEASURE(1.639E-05),#56);
+#58= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(3,0,0,0,0,0,0);
+#59= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#58,.VOLUMEUNIT.,'cubic inch',#57);
+#96= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#24,1);
+#97= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,-1);
+#98= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#96,#97),.LINEARFORCEUNIT.,$,$);
+#99= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#24,1);
+#100= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,1);
+#101= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,-1);
+#102= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#99,#100,#101),.LINEARMOMENTUNIT.,$,$);
+#103= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#24,1);
+#104= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,-1);
+#105= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#103,#104),.LINEARSTIFFNESSUNIT.,$,$);
+#112= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#39,1);
+#113= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#59,-1);
+#114= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#112,#113),.MASSDENSITYUNIT.,$,$);
+#118= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#39,1);
+#119= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,-1);
+#120= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#118,#119),.MASSPERLENGTHUNIT.,$,$);
+#121= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#39,1);
+#122= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#121,#158),.MODULUSOFELASTICITYUNIT.,$,'pound-force per square inch');
+#140= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,4);
+#141= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#140),.MOMENTOFINERTIAUNIT.,$,$);
+#142= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#24,1);
+#143= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#12,-1);
+#144= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#142,#143),.PLANARFORCEUNIT.,$,$);
+#147= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#39,1);
+#148= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#12,-1);
+#149= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#147,#148),.ROTATIONALMASSUNIT.,$,$);
+#150= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#24,1);
+#151= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,1);
+#152= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#43,-1);
+#153= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#150,#151,#152),.ROTATIONALSTIFFNESSUNIT.,$,$);
+#154= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,5);
+#155= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#154),.SECTIONAREAINTEGRALUNIT.,$,$);
+#156= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#31,3);
+#157= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#156),.SECTIONMODULUSUNIT.,$,$);
+#158= IFCDERIVEDUNITELEMENT(#12,-1);
+#159= IFCDERIVEDUNIT((#121,#158),.SHEARMODULUSUNIT.,$,'pound-force per square inch');
+#207= IFCUNITASSIGNMENT((#12,#24,#31,#39,#43,#48,#59,#98,#102,#105,#114,#120,#122,#141,#144,#149,#153,#155,#157,#159));
+
+/* The project */
+#208= IFCPROJECT('0QjBRF7yLCTh4HRF3GOF1t',#209,'Project',$,$,$,$,(#212,#215),#207);
+
+/* Owner history referenced by all objects */
+#209= IFCOWNERHISTORY(#5,#1,.READWRITE.,.NOCHANGE.,$,$,$,1320677205);
+
+/* Project coordinate system */
+#210= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,0.));
+#211= IFCAXIS2PLACEMENT3D(#210,$,$);
+#212= IFCGEOMETRICREPRESENTATIONCONTEXT('3D','Model',3,0.00001,#211,$);
+#213= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,0.));
+#214= IFCAXIS2PLACEMENT3D(#213,$,$);
+#215= IFCGEOMETRICREPRESENTATIONCONTEXT('2D','Plan',2,0.00001,#214,$);
+
+/* Structural analysis model */
+#216= IFCSTRUCTURALANALYSISMODEL('0VYesmxUHFNez26MoJx5F3',#209,'Structural Analysis #1',$,$,.NOTDEFINED.,#219,(#312),(#2729),#220);
+#218= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,0.));
+#219= IFCAXIS2PLACEMENT3D(#218,$,$);
+#220= IFCLOCALPLACEMENT($,#222);
+#221= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,0.));
+#222= IFCAXIS2PLACEMENT3D(#221,$,$);
+
+/* Analysis model is declared on project; this distinguishes top-level analysis models from potential aggregated sub-models */
+#224= IFCRELDECLARES('1Frhk31Z12CR9mBbodz9XE',#209,'GROUP',$,#208,(#216));
+
+/* The structural member for the left column (object) */
+#228= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEMEMBER('3eXlZ8csrAvfIIXVwC_gVP',#209,'Curve Member #1',$,$,$,#255,.RIGID_JOINED_MEMBER.,#230);
+#230= IFCDIRECTION((1.,0.,0.));
+
+/* The structural node underneath the left column */
+#232= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,0.));
+#233= IFCVERTEXPOINT(#232);
+#234= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Vertex',(#233));
+#235= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#234));
+#236= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTCONNECTION('3539fAVu96i8mFr0cgUqeI',#209,'Point Connection #1',$,$,$,#235,#242,$);
+
+/* assignment of connections and members to the analysis model */
+#239= IFCRELASSIGNSTOGROUP('3mDDAcu390$A5orhhUv4qv',#209,$,$,(#236,#247,#228,#271,#280,#263,#296),$,#216);
+
+/* fixed restraint at node underneath left column */
+#242= IFCBOUNDARYNODECONDITION('Fixed',IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.));
+
+/* The structural node above the left column */
+#243= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,120.));
+#244= IFCVERTEXPOINT(#243);
+#245= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Vertex',(#244));
+#246= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#245));
+#247= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTCONNECTION('2mc6ibF258HPIpTmqg6DSl',#209,'Point Connection #2',$,$,$,#246,$,$);
+
+/* The structural member for the left column (representation) */
+#252= IFCEDGE(#233,#244);
+#253= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Edge',(#252));
+#255= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#253));
+#258= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('2Z9w70JuDEUx6TnggLE2wU',#209,$,$,#228,#236,$,$,$,$);
+#260= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('1GClK7cwT80xzpZuaAlGXp',#209,$,$,#228,#247,$,$,$,$);
+
+/* The structural member for the right column (object) */
+#263= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEMEMBER('3jULd7ui93JOXl5trkpgTT',#209,'Curve Member #2',$,$,$,#288,.RIGID_JOINED_MEMBER.,#265);
+#265= IFCDIRECTION((1.,0.,0.));
+
+/* The structural node underneath the right column */
+#267= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((192.,0.,0.));
+#268= IFCVERTEXPOINT(#267);
+#269= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Vertex',(#268));
+#270= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#269));
+#271= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTCONNECTION('1dqi3aUQP3yeww5muaF15h',#209,'Point Connection #3',$,$,$,#270,#275,$);
+#275= IFCBOUNDARYNODECONDITION('Fixed',IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),IFCBOOLEAN(.T.));
+
+/* The structural node connecting the right column to the beam */
+#276= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((192.,0.,120.));
+#277= IFCVERTEXPOINT(#276);
+#278= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Vertex',(#277));
+#279= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#278));
+#280= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTCONNECTION('0IHrRf6abAZwDys7n7fbS2',#209,'Point Connection #4',$,$,$,#279,$,$);
+
+/* The structural member for the right column (representation) */
+#285= IFCEDGE(#268,#277);
+#286= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Edge',(#285));
+#288= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#286));
+#291= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('0r1xJykBf1OOYUn7dRt3DM',#209,$,$,#263,#271,$,$,$,$);
+#293= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('1$D3QsVBj2kf4iUp5hUEu2',#209,$,$,#263,#280,$,$,$,$);
+
+/* The structural member for the beam */
+#296= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEMEMBER('25vEW7EzrBTvz5cbNWzhP$',#209,'Curve Member #3',$,$,$,#304,.RIGID_JOINED_MEMBER.,#298);
+#298= IFCDIRECTION((0.,0.,1.));
+#301= IFCEDGE(#244,#277);
+#302= IFCTOPOLOGYREPRESENTATION(#212,'Reference','Edge',(#301));
+#304= IFCPRODUCTDEFINITIONSHAPE($,$,(#302));
+#307= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('3ZUyJTZMHEev9njAeNDQUT',#209,$,$,#296,#247,$,$,$,$);
+#309= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALMEMBER('3Y3WZZzV16XQ$1wEZLWjJX',#209,$,$,#296,#280,$,$,$,$);
+
+/* single load case */
+#312= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADCASE('2fv4DZfY55exwX8QDy8dmw',#209,'Structural Load Case #1',$,$,.LOAD_CASE.,.NOTDEFINED.,.NOTDEFINED.,1.,$,(0.,0.,0.));
+
+/* linear load along left half of beam */
+#317= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEACTION('2WSwGyLsrFNA9TLOq_ifyd',#209,'Structural Curve Action #1',$,$,$,$,#326,.GLOBAL_COORDS.,.F.,$,.LINEAR.);
+#326= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADCONFIGURATION($,(#327,#329),((96.),(192.)));
+#327= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADLINEARFORCE('Nominal',$,$,-100.,$,$,$);
+#329= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADLINEARFORCE('Nominal',$,$,-100.,$,$,$);
+#335= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('0XvroPpOb4FPsGBZQ$pgtA',#209,$,$,#296,#317);
+#337= IFCRELASSIGNSTOGROUP('2OygXKIkL35eDtUalQjese',#209,$,$,(#317),$,#312);
+
+/* Material profile set associated with each structural member */
+#340= IFCMATERIALPROFILESET($,$,(#342),$);
+#342= IFCMATERIALPROFILE($,$,#353,#419,$,$);
+#344= IFCMATERIALPROFILESETUSAGE(#340,$,$);
+#345= IFCRELASSOCIATESMATERIAL('01kVXT9hb7C80NqRflZZF9',#209,$,$,(#228,#263,#296),#344);
+
+/* Material and properties */
+#353= IFCMATERIAL('ASTM A36',$,'Steel');
+#371= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('MassDensity',$,IFCMASSDENSITYMEASURE(0.284011391108717),$);
+#372= IFCMATERIALPROPERTIES('Pset_MaterialCommon',$,(#371),#353);
+#375= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('YoungModulus',$,IFCMODULUSOFELASTICITYMEASURE(29.),$);
+#376= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('ShearModulus',$,IFCMODULUSOFELASTICITYMEASURE(11.2),$);
+#379= IFCMATERIALPROPERTIES('Pset_MaterialMechanical',$,(#375,#376),#353);
+
+/* Profile and properties */
+#419= IFCISHAPEPROFILEDEF(.AREA.,'W10X30',$,5.81,10.5,0.3,0.51,0.125,$,$);
+#965= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('MassPerLength',$,IFCMASSPERLENGTHMEASURE(2.5),$);
+#966= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('CrossSectionArea',$,IFCAREAMEASURE(8.84),$);
+#974= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('MomentOfInertiaY',$,IFCMOMENTOFINERTIAMEASURE(170.),$);
+#975= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('MomentOfInertiaZ',$,IFCMOMENTOFINERTIAMEASURE(16.7),$);
+#985= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('TorsionalSectionModulus',$,IFCSECTIONMODULUSMEASURE(0.622),$);
+#990= IFCPROFILEPROPERTIES('Pset_ProfileMechanical',$,(#965,#966,#974,#975,#985),#419);
+
+/* The result group indicating reactions for the load case */
+#2729= IFCSTRUCTURALRESULTGROUP('3nK7dm3u9EYhoBHOTo765A',#209,$,$,$,.FIRST_ORDER_THEORY.,#312,.T.);
+
+/* The node below the left column has no displacement (it has fixed boundary condition so it shouldn't) */
+#2732= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEDISPLACEMENT($,0.,0.,0.,0.,0.,0.);
+#2733= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('0Ci9_J7iLDhuBtYHGEpcTw',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2732,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2735= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('2nVw9fFML1G8QuiGnXOdEh',#209,$,$,#236,#2733);
+
+/* Each reaction is assigned to the result group. */
+#2737= IFCRELASSIGNSTOGROUP('2dN5hErLP9zB0e5nA$yT0F',#209,$,$,(#2733,#2741,#2747,#2753,#2759,#2765,#2773,#2781,#2789),$,#2729);
+
+/* The node below the left column has a reaction with force upwards and to the right and moment counter-clockwise as facing +Y */
+#2740= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE($,1422.66326629449,0.,2278.52897011915,0.,66694.8548930371,0.);
+#2741= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('1VIuS9lz50U9$sbX2t8CSb',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2740,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2743= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('2l0cjBJHH8nxFBsGxDKSfi',#209,$,$,#236,#2741);
+
+/* The node above the left column has a displacement to the left (sway) */
+#2746= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEDISPLACEMENT($,-0.00112040278567376,0.,-7.54271659073925E-05,0.,3.08969735441016E-05,0.);
+#2747= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('2Xxob9ZATFeQmLnunjg4E$',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2746,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2749= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('2iaDWtrbn6W9TfDxfsikIH',#209,$,$,#247,#2747);
+
+/* The node below the right column has no displacement (it has a fixed boundary condition so it shouldn't) */
+#2752= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEDISPLACEMENT($,0.,0.,0.,0.,0.,0.);
+#2753= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('2YqhTmxQv6_AQPAcaE66Xu',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2752,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2755= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('0yGyLgS9T3Y9D6VtgcdAkS',#209,$,$,#271,#2753);
+
+/* The node below the right column has a reaction with force updwards and to the left and moment clockwise as facing +Y */
+#2758= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE($,-1422.73493120008,0.,7321.47102988085,0.,-43375.4476654014,0.);
+#2759= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('1b1zM4uHz8exw0fvIGvpGQ',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2758,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2761= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('0Whra2O$v9wePeIU6IImNQ',#209,$,$,#271,#2759);
+
+/* The node above the right column has a displacement to the left (sway) */
+#2764= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEDISPLACEMENT($,-0.00119575654821984,0.,-0.000242365937540883,0.,-6.94996291089951E-05,0.);
+#2765= IFCSTRUCTURALPOINTREACTION('33628eH254VAe0O7d63nzI',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2764,.GLOBAL_COORDS.);
+#2767= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('2ukIn71Pr2VwtcAQ5GPi8T',#209,$,$,#280,#2765);
+
+/* The member for the left column has end reactions for which shear and moment diagrams may be derived */
+#2770= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Head',2278.52897011915,0.,-1422.66326629449,0.,66694.8548930371,0.);
+#2771= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Tail',-2278.52897011915,0.,1422.66326629449,0.,104027.289932507,0.);
+#2772= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADCONFIGURATION('Member End Reactions',(#2770,#2771),((0.),(120.)));
+#2773= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEREACTION('0SH7YcIWrB8Q4VcWjfXpnn',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2772,.GLOBAL_COORDS.,.DISCRETE.);
+#2775= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('2vTn7XCur6sByitir9a9jj',#209,$,$,#228,#2773);
+
+/* The member for the right column has end reactions for which shear and moment diagrams may be derived */
+#2778= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Head',7321.47102988085,0.,1422.73493120008,0.,-43375.4476654014,0.);
+#2779= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Tail',-7321.47102988085,0.,-1422.73493120008,0.,-127343.989381682,0.);
+#2780= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADCONFIGURATION('Member End Reactions',(#2778,#2779),((0.),(120.)));
+#2781= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEREACTION('1L3TtLyyPEzgk1VyvDrWiH',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2780,.GLOBAL_COORDS.,.DISCRETE.);
+#2783= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('23GMRW_cf7tA667rAWkQOC',#209,$,$,#263,#2781);
+
+/* The member for the beam has end reactions for which shear and moment diagrams may be derived */
+#2786= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Head',1422.69473557039,0.,2278.52222225513,0.,-104030.36194645,0.);
+#2787= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADSINGLEFORCE('Tail',-1422.69473557039,0.,7321.47777774487,0.,127353.857770554,0.);
+#2788= IFCSTRUCTURALLOADCONFIGURATION('Member End Reactions',(#2786,#2787),((0.),(192.)));
+#2789= IFCSTRUCTURALCURVEREACTION('2ssucs0rX8KgBecASOwgSd',#209,$,$,$,$,$,#2788,.GLOBAL_COORDS.,.DISCRETE.);
+#2791= IFCRELCONNECTSSTRUCTURALACTIVITY('1tmGmLIfTFnBfWx$tia32R',#209,$,$,#296,#2789);
+
+ENDSEC;
+
+END-ISO-10303-21;