EVENTHANDLER.9

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.Dd October 7, 2022
.Dt EVENTHANDLER 9
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm EVENTHANDLER
.Nd kernel event handling functions
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.In sys/eventhandler.h
.Fn EVENTHANDLER_DECLARE name type
.Fn EVENTHANDLER_DEFINE name func arg priority
.Fn EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE name ...
.Ft eventhandler_tag
.Fn EVENTHANDLER_REGISTER name func arg priority
.Fn EVENTHANDLER_DEREGISTER name tag
.Fn EVENTHANDLER_DEREGISTER_NOWAIT name tag
.Fn EVENTHANDLER_LIST_DECLARE name
.Fn EVENTHANDLER_LIST_DEFINE name
.Fn EVENTHANDLER_DIRECT_INVOKE name
.Ft eventhandler_tag
.Fo eventhandler_register
.Fa "struct eventhandler_list *list"
.Fa "const char *name"
.Fa "void *func"
.Fa "void *arg"
.Fa "int priority"
.Fc
.Ft void
.Fo eventhandler_deregister
.Fa "struct eventhandler_list *list"
.Fa "eventhandler_tag tag"
.Fc
.Ft void
.Fo eventhandler_deregister_nowait
.Fa "struct eventhandler_list *list"
.Fa "eventhandler_tag tag"
.Fc
.Ft "struct eventhandler_list *"
.Fn eventhandler_find_list "const char *name"
.Ft void
.Fn eventhandler_prune_list "struct eventhandler_list *list"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
mechanism provides a way for kernel subsystems to register interest in
kernel events and have their callback functions invoked when these
events occur.
.Pp
Callback functions are invoked in order of priority.
The relative priority of each callback among other callbacks
associated with an event is given by argument
.Fa priority ,
which is an integer ranging from
.Dv EVENTHANDLER_PRI_FIRST
(highest priority), to
.Dv EVENTHANDLER_PRI_LAST
(lowest priority).
The symbol
.Dv EVENTHANDLER_PRI_ANY
may be used if the handler does not have a specific priority
associated with it.
.Pp
The normal way to use this subsystem is via the macro interface.
For events that are high frequency it is suggested that you additionally use
.Fn EVENTHANDLER_LIST_DEFINE
so that the event handlers can be invoked directly using
.Fn EVENTHANDLER_DIRECT_INVOKE
(see below).
This saves the invoker from having to do a locked traversal of a global
list of event handler lists.
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It Fn EVENTHANDLER_DECLARE
This macro declares an event handler named by argument
.Fa name
with callback functions of type
.Fa type .
.It Fn EVENTHANDLER_DEFINE
This macro uses
.Xr SYSINIT 9
to register a callback function
.Fa func
with event handler
.Fa name .
When invoked, function
.Fa func
will be invoked with argument
.Fa arg
as its first parameter along with any additional parameters passed in
via macro
.Fn EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE
(see below).
.It Fn EVENTHANDLER_REGISTER
This macro registers a callback function
.Fa func
with event handler
.Fa name .
When invoked, function
.Fa func
will be invoked with argument
.Fa arg
as its first parameter along with any additional parameters passed in
via macro
.Fn EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE
(see below).
If registration is successful,
.Fn EVENTHANDLER_REGISTER
returns a cookie of type
.Vt eventhandler_tag .
.It Fn EVENTHANDLER_DEREGISTER
This macro removes a previously registered callback associated with tag
.Fa tag
from the event handler named by argument
.Fa name .
It waits until no threads are running handlers for this event before
returning, making it safe to unload a module immediately upon return
from this function.
.It Fn EVENTHANDLER_DEREGISTER_NOWAIT
This macro removes a previously registered callback associated with tag
.Fa tag
from the event handler named by argument
.Fa name .
Upon return, one or more threads could still be running the removed
function(s), but no new calls will be made.
To remove a handler function from within that function, use this
version of deregister, to avoid a deadlock.
.It Fn EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE
This macro is used to invoke all the callbacks associated with event
handler
.Fa name .
This macro is a variadic one.
Additional arguments to the macro after the
.Fa name
parameter are passed as the second and subsequent arguments to each
registered callback function.
.It Fn EVENTHANDLER_LIST_DEFINE
This macro defines a reference to an event handler list named by
argument
.Fa name .
It uses
.Xr SYSINIT 9
to initialize the reference and the eventhandler list.
.It Fn EVENTHANDLER_LIST_DECLARE
This macro declares an event handler list named by argument
.Fa name .
This is only needed for users of
.Fn EVENTHANDLER_DIRECT_INVOKE
which are not in the same compilation unit of that list's definition.
.It Fn EVENTHANDLER_DIRECT_INVOKE
This macro invokes the event handlers registered for the list named by
argument
.Fa name .
This macro can only be used if the list was defined with
.Fn EVENTHANDLER_LIST_DEFINE .
The macro is variadic with the same semantics as
.Fn EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE .
.El
.Pp
The macros are implemented using the following functions:
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It Fn eventhandler_register
The
.Fn eventhandler_register
function is used to register a callback with a given event.
The arguments expected by this function are:
.Bl -tag -width ".Fa priority"
.It Fa list
A pointer to an existing event handler list, or
.Dv NULL .
If
.Fa list
is
.Dv NULL ,
the event handler list corresponding to argument
.Fa name
is used.
.It Fa name
The name of the event handler list.
.It Fa func
A pointer to a callback function.
Argument
.Fa arg
is passed to the callback function
.Fa func
as its first argument when it is invoked.
.It Fa priority
The relative priority of this callback among all the callbacks
registered for this event.
Valid values are those in the range
.Dv EVENTHANDLER_PRI_FIRST
to
.Dv EVENTHANDLER_PRI_LAST .
.El
.Pp
The
.Fn eventhandler_register
function returns a
.Fa tag
that can later be used with
.Fn eventhandler_deregister
to remove the particular callback function.
.It Fn eventhandler_deregister
The
.Fn eventhandler_deregister
function removes the callback associated with tag
.Fa tag
from the event handler list pointed to by
.Fa list .
If
.Fa tag
is
.Va NULL ,
all callback functions for the event are removed.
This function will not return until all threads have exited from the
removed handler callback function(s).
This function is not safe to call from inside an event handler callback.
.It Fn eventhandler_deregister_nowait
The
.Fn eventhandler_deregister
function removes the callback associated with tag
.Fa tag
from the event handler list pointed to by
.Fa list .
This function is safe to call from inside an event handler
callback.
.It Fn eventhandler_find_list
The
.Fn eventhandler_find_list
function returns a pointer to event handler list structure corresponding
to event
.Fa name .
.It Fn eventhandler_prune_list
The
.Fn eventhandler_prune_list
function removes all deregistered callbacks from the event list
.Fa list .
.El
.Sh RETURN VALUES
The macro
.Fn EVENTHANDLER_REGISTER
and function
.Fn eventhandler_register
return a cookie of type
.Vt eventhandler_tag ,
which may be used in a subsequent call to
.Fn EVENTHANDLER_DEREGISTER
or
.Fn eventhandler_deregister .
.Pp
The
.Fn eventhandler_find_list
function
returns a pointer to an event handler list corresponding to parameter
.Fa name ,
or
.Dv NULL
if no such list was found.
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
facility first appeared in
.Fx 4.0 .
.Sh AUTHORS
This manual page was written by
.An Joseph Koshy Aq Mt jkoshy@FreeBSD.org
and
.An Matt Joras Aq Mt mjoras@FreeBSD.org .