diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/status.h b/cpp/src/arrow/status.h
index 1cfaf7cff2081..81b6175d3ce7d 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/status.h
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/status.h
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ class ARROW_EXPORT [[nodiscard]] Status : public util::EqualityComparable<Status
 #endif
 
  private:
-  struct State {
+  struct ARROW_EXPORT State {
     StatusCode code;
     std::string msg;
     std::shared_ptr<StatusDetail> detail;