Consul is a service networking solution to connect and secure services across any runtime platform and public or private cloud
HashiCorp co-founder and CTO Armon Dadgar gives a whiteboard overview of HashiCorp Consul, a service networking solution to connect, configure, and secure services in dynamic infrastructure.
For hands-on interactive labs with Consul, visit HashiCorp Learn https://hashi.co/learnconsul
To use Consul as a DNS resolver from your laptop, you can create the following file
/etc/resolver/consul
nameserver 10.9.99.10
port 8600
Now names such as nomad.service.consul and fabio.service.consul will work
vagrant up --provision-with basetools,docker,docsify,consul
Bringing machine 'user.local.dev' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
==> user.local.dev: Checking if box 'ubuntu/xenial64' version '20190918.0.0' is up to date...
==> user.local.dev: [vagrant-hostsupdater] Checking for host entries
==> user.local.dev: [vagrant-hostsupdater] found entry for: 10.9.99.10 user.local.dev
==> user.local.dev: [vagrant-hostsupdater] found entry for: 10.9.99.10 user.local.dev
==> user.local.dev: Running provisioner: consul (shell)...
user.local.dev: Running: /var/folders/7j/gsrjvmds05n53ddg28krf4_80001p9/T/vagrant-shell20200110-35654-11zwf6z.sh
user.local.dev: Reading package lists...
user.local.dev: Building dependency tree...
user.local.dev: Reading state information...
user.local.dev: unzip is already the newest version (6.0-20ubuntu1).
user.local.dev: curl is already the newest version (7.47.0-1ubuntu2.14).
user.local.dev: jq is already the newest version (1.5+dfsg-1ubuntu0.1).
user.local.dev: 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 4 not upgraded.
user.local.dev: primary_datacenter = "dc1"
user.local.dev: client_addr = "10.9.99.10 127.0.0.1 ::1"
user.local.dev: bind_addr = "0.0.0.0"
user.local.dev: data_dir = "/var/lib/consul"
user.local.dev: datacenter = "dc1"
user.local.dev: disable_host_node_id = true
user.local.dev: disable_update_check = true
user.local.dev: leave_on_terminate = true
user.local.dev: log_level = "INFO"
user.local.dev: ports = {
user.local.dev: grpc = 8502
user.local.dev: dns = 8600
user.local.dev: https = -1
user.local.dev: }
user.local.dev: protocol = 3
user.local.dev: raft_protocol = 3
user.local.dev: recursors = [
user.local.dev: "8.8.8.8",
user.local.dev: "8.8.4.4",
user.local.dev: ]
user.local.dev: server_name = "consul.service.consul"
user.local.dev: ui = true
user.local.dev: ++++ Consul already installed at /usr/local/bin/consul
user.local.dev: ++++ Consul v1.6.2
user.local.dev: Protocol 2 spoken by default, understands 2 to 3 (agent will automatically use protocol >2 when speaking to compatible agents)
user.local.dev: ==> Starting Consul agent...
user.local.dev: Version: 'v1.6.2'
user.local.dev: Node ID: '3e943a0a-d73e-5797-cb3e-f3dc2e6df832'
user.local.dev: Node name: 'user'
user.local.dev: Datacenter: 'dc1' (Segment: '<all>')
user.local.dev: Server: true (Bootstrap: false)
user.local.dev: Client Addr: [0.0.0.0] (HTTP: 8500, HTTPS: -1, gRPC: 8502, DNS: 8600)
user.local.dev: Cluster Addr: 10.9.99.10 (LAN: 8301, WAN: 8302)
user.local.dev: Encrypt: Gossip: false, TLS-Outgoing: false, TLS-Incoming: false, Auto-Encrypt-TLS: false
user.local.dev:
user.local.dev: ==> Log data will now stream in as it occurs:
user.local.dev:
user.local.dev: 2020/01/10 04:13:07 [INFO] raft: Initial configuration (index=1): [{Suffrage:Voter ID:3e943a0a-d73e-5797-cb3e-f3dc2e6df832 Address:10.9.99.10:8300}]
user.local.dev: 2020/01/10 04:13:07 [INFO] serf: EventMemberJoin: user.dc1 10.9.99.10
user.local.dev: 2020/01/10 04:13:07 [INFO] serf: EventMemberJoin: user 10.9.99.10
user.local.dev: 2020/01/10 04:13:07 [INFO] raft: Node at 10.9.99.10:8300 [Follower] entering Follower state (Leader: "")
user.local.dev: 2020/01/10 04:13:07 [INFO] consul: Handled member-join event for server "user.dc1" in area "wan"
user.local.dev: 2020/01/10 04:13:07 [INFO] consul: Adding LAN server user (Addr: tcp/10.9.99.10:8300) (DC: dc1)
user.local.dev: 2020/01/10 04:13:07 [INFO] agent: Started DNS server 0.0.0.0:8600 (udp)
user.local.dev: 2020/01/10 04:13:07 [INFO] agent: Started DNS server 0.0.0.0:8600 (tcp)
user.local.dev: 2020/01/10 04:13:07 [INFO] agent: Started HTTP server on [::]:8500 (tcp)
user.local.dev: 2020/01/10 04:13:07 [INFO] agent: Started gRPC server on [::]:8502 (tcp)
user.local.dev: 2020/01/10 04:13:07 [INFO] agent: started state syncer
user.local.dev: ==> Consul agent running!
user.local.dev: 2020/01/10 04:13:07 [WARN] raft: Heartbeat timeout from "" reached, starting election
user.local.dev: 2020/01/10 04:13:07 [INFO] raft: Node at 10.9.99.10:8300 [Candidate] entering Candidate state in term 2
user.local.dev: 2020/01/10 04:13:07 [INFO] raft: Election won. Tally: 1
user.local.dev: 2020/01/10 04:13:07 [INFO] raft: Node at 10.9.99.10:8300 [Leader] entering Leader state
user.local.dev: 2020/01/10 04:13:07 [INFO] consul: cluster leadership acquired
user.local.dev: 2020/01/10 04:13:07 [INFO] consul: New leader elected: user
user.local.dev: 2020/01/10 04:13:07 [INFO] connect: initialized primary datacenter CA with provider "consul"
user.local.dev: 2020/01/10 04:13:07 [INFO] consul: member 'user' joined, marking health alive
user.local.dev: 2020/01/10 04:13:07 [INFO] agent: Synced service "_nomad-server-4rgldggulg5f54ypvl4pfyqeijtqd3u4"
user.local.dev: /tmp/vagrant-shell: line 4: 19556 Terminated sh -c 'sudo tail -f /var/log/consul.log | { sed "/agent: Synced/ q" && kill $$ ;}'
user.local.dev: Node Address Status Type Build Protocol DC Segment
user.local.dev: user 10.9.99.10:8301 alive server 1.6.2 3 dc1 <all>
user.local.dev: agent:
user.local.dev: check_monitors = 0
user.local.dev: check_ttls = 1
user.local.dev: checks = 11
user.local.dev: services = 11
user.local.dev: build:
user.local.dev: prerelease =
user.local.dev: revision = 1200f25e
user.local.dev: version = 1.6.2
user.local.dev: consul:
user.local.dev: acl = disabled
user.local.dev: bootstrap = false
user.local.dev: known_datacenters = 1
user.local.dev: leader = true
user.local.dev: leader_addr = 10.9.99.10:8300
user.local.dev: server = true
user.local.dev: raft:
user.local.dev: applied_index = 24
user.local.dev: commit_index = 24
user.local.dev: fsm_pending = 0
user.local.dev: last_contact = 0
user.local.dev: last_log_index = 24
user.local.dev: last_log_term = 2
user.local.dev: last_snapshot_index = 0
user.local.dev: last_snapshot_term = 0
user.local.dev: latest_configuration = [{Suffrage:Voter ID:3e943a0a-d73e-5797-cb3e-f3dc2e6df832 Address:10.9.99.10:8300}]
user.local.dev: latest_configuration_index = 1
user.local.dev: num_peers = 0
user.local.dev: protocol_version = 3
user.local.dev: protocol_version_max = 3
user.local.dev: protocol_version_min = 0
user.local.dev: snapshot_version_max = 1
user.local.dev: snapshot_version_min = 0
user.local.dev: state = Leader
user.local.dev: term = 2
user.local.dev: runtime:
user.local.dev: arch = amd64
user.local.dev: cpu_count = 2
user.local.dev: goroutines = 115
user.local.dev:
user.local.dev: max_procs = 2
user.local.dev: os = linux
user.local.dev: version = go1.12.13
user.local.dev: serf_lan:
user.local.dev: coordinate_resets = 0
user.local.dev: encrypted = false
user.local.dev: event_queue = 1
user.local.dev: event_time = 2
user.local.dev: failed = 0
user.local.dev: health_score = 0
user.local.dev: intent_queue = 0
user.local.dev: left = 0
user.local.dev: member_time = 1
user.local.dev: members = 1
user.local.dev: query_queue = 0
user.local.dev: query_time = 1
user.local.dev: serf_wan:
user.local.dev: coordinate_resets = 0
user.local.dev: encrypted = false
user.local.dev: event_queue = 0
user.local.dev: event_time = 1
user.local.dev: failed = 0
user.local.dev: health_score = 0
user.local.dev: intent_queue = 0
user.local.dev: left = 0
user.local.dev: member_time = 1
user.local.dev: members = 1
user.local.dev: query_queue = 0
user.local.dev: query_time = 1
user.local.dev: ++++ Adding Consul KV data for Fabio Load Balancer Routes
user.local.dev: Success! Data written to: fabio/config/vault
user.local.dev: Success! Data written to: fabio/config/nomad
user.local.dev: Success! Data written to: fabio/config/consul
user.local.dev: ++++ Consul http://localhost:8500
consul.sh
We use Prometheus and Grafana to Monitor Consul