diff --git a/.bumpversion.cfg b/.bumpversion.cfg
index 426149a7d..636632a50 100644
--- a/.bumpversion.cfg
+++ b/.bumpversion.cfg
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 [bumpversion]
-current_version = 3.4.1
+current_version = 3.4.2
 commit = True
 tag = False
diff --git a/content/basics/templates/intrinsic-functions/index.md b/content/basics/templates/intrinsic-functions/index.md
index 344fc15d8..b15b48bf5 100644
--- a/content/basics/templates/intrinsic-functions/index.md
+++ b/content/basics/templates/intrinsic-functions/index.md
@@ -182,6 +182,28 @@ aws cloudformation update-stack --stack-name cfn-workshop-intrinsic-functions --
 To Verify, Go to the **Tags** tab on EC2 Console, verify that `InstanceType` tag has been created.
 ::::::
 
+**Comparison between Ref and Fn::Sub**
+
+The intrinsic function Ref returns the value of the specified parameter or resource. When you are declaring a resource in a template and you need to specify another template resource by name, you can use the Ref to refer to that other resource. In general, Ref returns the name of the resource.
+
+Syntax for YAML template
+```
+Ref: logicalName
+```
+Syntax for the short form:
+```
+!Ref logicalName
+```
+The intrinsic function Fn::Sub substitutes variables in an input string with values that you specify. In your templates, you can use this function to construct commands or outputs that include values that aren't available until you create or update a stack.
+
+Syntax for YAML template
+```
+Fn::Sub:
+  - String
+  - Var1Name: Var1Value
+    Var2Name: Var2Value
+```
+
 ### Clean up
 
 Follow these steps to clean up created resources:
diff --git a/content/prerequisites/local-development/index.md b/content/prerequisites/local-development/index.md
index 6e10fac6a..e62acf9cc 100644
--- a/content/prerequisites/local-development/index.md
+++ b/content/prerequisites/local-development/index.md
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ weight: 300
 _Setup Duration: ~15 minutes_
 
 :::alert{type="info"}
-This is only required if you are not using Cloud9 IDE for the workshop.
+This is only required if you are not using Cloud9 IDE for the workshop. Else you can skip to the [Default VPC](https://catalog.workshops.aws/cfn101/en-US/prerequisites/default-vpc) section
 :::
 
 Local development for this workshop requires a number of development tools. Please install and verify these are installed correctly before proceeding with the workshop.
diff --git a/static/prerequisites/account/new-user-1.png b/static/prerequisites/account/new-user-1.png
index 2913384c7..8a0ae7672 100644
Binary files a/static/prerequisites/account/new-user-1.png and b/static/prerequisites/account/new-user-1.png differ