index.md

Welcome to Audio Amp

Audio Amp is an Open Source Hardware (OSHW) kit for teaching audio electronics in a lab setting. It is designed to engage students at two levels of electronics experience:

1. Beginner students will learn how the system works at the block diagram level and experiment with how different audio tones sound and look on the oscilloscope.
2. Intermediate/advanced students will learn how the opamp and transistor circuits work at the component level and learn how to solder on a PCB.

The design files for this kit can be found in our Github repository and are licensed under the TAPR Open Hardware License.

Table of Contents

1. Curriculum Goals
   1. Beginner level
   2. Intermediate level
   3. Advanced level
2. Circuit Design
   1. Schematic and Simulation
   2. Breadboard version
   3. PCB version
3. Cost
4. Additional Equipment
5. Future Work
6. About Us

Curriculum Goals

Beginner level

• See and hear the difference between sine and square waves
• See and hear the effect of clipping distortion
• See and hear the effect of low pass and high pass filters
• See and hear the effect of guitar pedals

Intermediate level

• Construct and calculate gain of a non-inverting opamp amplifier
• Understand how an opamp with negative feedback can correct for amplifier non-linearity
• Understand how to bias a single-supply opamp

Advanced level

• Understand how a VBE multiplier (aka. "rubber diode") works
• Construct and bias a Class AB amplifier

Circuit Design

Schematic and Simulation

The amplifier consists of a Class AB push-pull output stage (BD139 and BD140) with a Vbe multiplier (PN2222A) for biasing and opamp (LF411) for feedback, and a preamp stage consisting of a single opamp (LF411). The system run on a single 12V rail, so each stage is capacitively coupled to the next stage.

Breadboard version

PCB version

Design in Altium Circuitmaker

Assembled PCB

Cost

Prices are assuming low quantities (under 10 units). Significant savings can be had by purchasing in bulk.
Prices are for purchasing within the US in October 2019.
Cost of additional equipment is not included.

Cost breakdown:

• $5 per PCB from PCBWay
• $x Digikey components
• $x Newark components
• $x 12V power supply
• $x box enclosure from Adafruit

Total cost per unit: $x

Currently, we are not selling pre-made kits. However, if there is significant interest, we may start a crowdfund to manufacture and distribute these kits.

Additional Equipment

To make use of Audio Amp, you will need additional equipment:

• 8Ω speaker with banana plug jacks
• oscilloscope
• waveform generator
• banana cables
• BNC cables

Of course, you don't need to have a top-of-the-line oscilloscope and waveform generator to make use of Audio Amp. Even a simple USB oscilloscope like the $30 EspoTek Labrador would work! And any smartphone with an audio jack can work as a make-shift function generator.

For additional bells-and-whistles, consider getting these:

• Bluetooth-to-aux receiver to use phones without an audio jack
• Spectrum analyzer or oscilloscope with FFT capabilities to analyze audio signals in the frequency domain

Future Work

• Make a stereo amplifier so students can experiment with phase differences between 2 channels, and utilize the XY mode on an oscilloscope.
• Make an interactive graphical simulator so students without access to any lab equipment can perform all the experiments.

About Us

This kit was created by William Meng with the guidance and support of David Vallancourt.

© William Meng 2019. The contents of this webpage are licensed according to CC BY-SA 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.