Add some zero column tests covering LIMIT, GROUP BY, WHERE, JOIN, and WINDOW (#11624)

* add zero column tests covering LIMIT, GROUP BY, WHERE, JOIN, and WINDOW

* change from statement to query to be explicit about no rows

* Revert "change from statement to query to be explicit about no rows"

This reverts commit fd381fc.

---------

Co-authored-by: Andrew Lamb <[email protected]>

Author: Kev1n8

datafusion/sqllogictest/test_files/select.slt

@@ -1225,6 +1225,63 @@ statement ok
 SELECT * EXCEPT(a, b, c, d)
 FROM table1
 
+# try zero column with LIMIT, 1 row but empty
+statement ok
+SELECT * EXCEPT (a, b, c, d)
+FROM table1
+LIMIT 1
+
+# try zero column with GROUP BY, 2 row but empty
+statement ok
+SELECT * EXCEPT (a, b, c, d)
+FROM table1
+GROUP BY a
+
+# try zero column with WHERE, 1 row but empty
+statement ok
+SELECT * EXCEPT (a, b, c, d)
+FROM table1
+WHERE a = 1
+
+# create table2 the same with table1
+statement ok
+CREATE TABLE table2 (
+  a int,
+  b int,
+  c int,
+  d int
+) as values
+  (1, 10, 100, 1000),
+  (2, 20, 200, 2000);
+
+# try zero column with inner JOIN, 2 row but empty
+statement ok
+WITH t1 AS (SELECT a AS t1_a FROM table1), t2 AS (SELECT a AS t2_a FROM table2)
+SELECT * EXCEPT (t1_a, t2_a)
+FROM t1
+JOIN t2 ON (t1_a = t2_a)
+
+# try zero column with more JOIN, 2 row but empty
+statement ok
+SELECT * EXCEPT (b1, b2)
+FROM (
+  SELECT b AS b1 FROM table1
+)
+JOIN (
+  SELECT b AS b2 FROM table2
+) ON b1 = b2
+
+# try zero column with Window, 2 row but empty
+statement ok
+SELECT * EXCEPT (a, b, row_num)
+FROM (
+    SELECT
+        a,
+        b,
+        ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY b) AS row_num
+    FROM table1
+)
+
 # EXCLUDE order shouldn't matter
 query II
 SELECT * EXCLUDE(b, a)