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MediaPipe on RaspberryPi

Mediapipe needs OpenCV and FFmpeg libraries. You can install both of them from official raspberry pi repository :

sudo apt install ffmpeg python3-opencv

But these are built with less optimisations. These can be built with the supported optimisations as explained here.

Building MediaPipe on Raspberry Pi OS for Raspberry Pi 3 / 4

  1. First, Install Bazel by following the steps here.

  2. Install the required dependencies :

sudo apt install python3-dev protobuf-compiler
sudo apt install libopenexr-dev libopenexr23 libdc1394-22 libdc1394-22-dev libeigen3-dev
  • In case FFmpeg is not installed from official repository. Remove pre-installed packages/libraries which interfere with the built FFmpeg libraries
sudo apt remove libavcodec-dev libavutil-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libavutil56
  1. Remove exception statements from ImathVec.h & ImathMatrix.h present in /usr/include/OpenEXR/ to avoid error: ISO C++17 does not allow dynamic exception specifications
sudo sed -i "s/throw (IEX_NAMESPACE::MathExc)/ /g" /usr/include/OpenEXR/ImathVec.h
sudo sed -i "s/throw (IEX_NAMESPACE::MathExc)/ /g" /usr/include/OpenEXR/ImathMatrix.h
  1. Download the source code
wget https://github.com/google/mediapipe/archive/refs/tags/v0.8.8.tar.gz -O mediapipe-0.8.8.tar.gz
tar xvf mediapipe-0.8.8.tar.gz
cd mediapipe-0.8.8
  1. Skip this step if mediapipe version > 0.8.6.
    Make the changes in opencv_linux.BUILD & ffmpeg_linux.BUILD by pointing to opencv & ffmpeg libraries
sed -i "s/x86_64-linux-gnu/arm-linux-gnueabihf/g" third_party/opencv_linux.BUILD
sed -i "s/x86_64-linux-gnu/arm-linux-gnueabihf/g" third_party/ffmpeg_linux.BUILD

  1. In third_party/opencv_linux.BUILD comment "include/opencv2/**/*.h*", & uncomment "include/opencv4/opencv2/**/*.h*" under hdrs. Similarly comment "include/", & uncomment "include/opencv4/", under includes.

  2. Add the following in third_party/BUILD after "WITH_WEBP": "OFF",

In case of Raspberry Pi 4

        "CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS": "-march=armv8-a+crc+simd -mcpu=cortex-a72 -mfpu=neon-fp-armv8 -mtune=cortex-a72 -mfloat-abi=hard -O3",
        "ENABLE_NEON": "ON",
        "WITH_TENGINE": "ON",
        "ENABLE_VFPV4": "ON",
        "WITH_CAROTENE": "OFF",

In case of Raspberry Pi 3

        "CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS": "-march=armv8-a+crc -mfpu=neon-vfpv4 -mtune=cortex-a53 -ftree-vectorize -mfloat-abi=hard -O3",
        "ENABLE_NEON": "ON",
        "WITH_TENGINE": "ON",
        "ENABLE_VFPV4": "ON",
        "WITH_CAROTENE": "OFF",
  1. Add these flags to enable neon and optimisations in setup.py after '--compilation_mode=opt', as posted by arron2003 here.
    Note: Add them in function bazel_build inside class BuildBazelExtension after '--compilation_mode=opt'.

In case of Raspberry Pi 4

        '--copt=-march=armv7-a',
        '--copt=-mfpu=neon-vfpv3',
        '--copt=-mcpu=cortex-a72',
        '--copt=-mtune=cortex-a72',
        '--copt=-mfloat-abi=hard',
        '--copt=-O3',

In case of Raspberry Pi 3

        '--copt=-march=armv7-a',
        '--copt=-mfpu=neon-vfpv3',
        '--copt=-mtune=cortex-a53',
        '--copt=-ftree-vectorize',
        '--copt=-mfloat-abi=hard',
        '--copt=-O3',
  1. Build the package
python3 setup.py gen_protos && python3 setup.py bdist_wheel
  1. Install required python libraries
sudo python3 -m pip install absl-py attrs>=19.1.0 numpy protobuf>=3.11.4 six wheel matplotlib
  1. Install it
cd dist; sudo python3 -m pip install mediapipe-0.8-cp37-cp37m-linux_armv7l.whl --no-deps

Pre-built Packages

Note : The Pre-built mediapipe package works well on Raspberry Pi OS 32 bit only for Raspberry Pi 3 and 4. Installing it on other OS's might not work.

I recommend you to build the packages yourself. In case, you want to skip it. You can download pre-built packages.

  1. Install dependency packages
sudo apt install libxcb-shm0 libcdio-paranoia-dev libsdl2-2.0-0 libxv1  libtheora0 libva-drm2 libva-x11-2 libvdpau1 libharfbuzz0b libbluray2
sudo apt install python3-pip   libatlas-base-dev libhdf5-103 libgtk-3-0 libdc1394-22 libopenexr23
sudo python3 -m pip install absl-py attrs>=19.1.0 numpy protobuf>=3.11.4 six wheel matplotlib
  1. Install the packages present in common directory
sudo dpkg -i fdk-aac_2.0.2-1_armhf.deb  libass_0.15.1-1_armhf.deb  mp3lame_3.100-1_armhf.deb  x264_0.163-1_armhf.deb
  1. Based on RaspberryPi 3 or 4, Install FFmpeg & OpenCV and MediaPipe python package
sudo dpkg -i ffmpeg_4.4.1-1_armhf.deb  opencv_4.5.4-1_armhf.deb
sudo python3 -m pip install mediapipe-0.8.8-cp37-cp37m-linux_armv7l.whl  --no-deps

To uninstall built packages

sudo apt remove fdk-aac mp3lame libass x264 ffmpeg opencv
sudo python3 -m pip uninstall mediapipe

References :

  1. Building FFmpeg & mpv : https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=199775
  2. Building OpenCV : https://www.pyimagesearch.com/2019/09/16/install-opencv-4-on-raspberry-pi-4-and-raspbian-buster/ https://learnopencv.com/build-and-install-opencv-4-for-raspberry-pi/
  3. Building Bazel : https://github.com/koenvervloesem/bazel-on-arm
  4. Building MediaPipe : https://google.github.io/mediapipe/getting_started/install.html#installing-on-debian-and-ubuntu
  5. Optimisation flags : https://gist.github.com/fm4dd/c663217935dc17f0fc73c9c81b0aa845