index_old.html

<?cocoon-format type="text/html"><html>
<head>
<meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
<title>RuleML Homepage</title>
<style type="text/css">
       h1 { font-size: 32pt; font-weight: bold }
       h2 { font-size: 16pt; font-weight: bold }
       ul { line-height: 120% }
       ol { line-height: 120% }
       p { line-height: 100% }
     </style>
</head>
<body bgcolor="#EEEEEE">
    <center>
      <big>
        <table border="1" cellpadding="5" bgcolor="#CCCCFF"><tr><td><b><pre>

--&gt;</pre></b></td></tr></table>
        <table border="1" cellpadding="5" bgcolor="#FFCCCC"><tr><td>R u l e M L</td></tr></table>
        <table border="1" cellpadding="5" bgcolor="#CCCCFF"><tr><td><b><pre>

&lt;--</pre></b></td></tr></table>
      </big>
      <br> <br>
<h1>The Rule Markup Initiative</h1>
    </center>

<br> <br> <br>

<p>
Rules in (and for) the Web have become a mainstream topic since
<i>inference rules</i> were <a href="http://www.research.ibm.com/rules/home.html">marked up for E-Commerce</a> and were identified as a
<a href="http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/Rules.html">Design Issue</a> of the
<a href="http://www.semanticweb.org/">Semantic Web</a>, and since <i>transformation rules</i> were put to practice for <a href="http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/javaxml/chapter/ch09.html">document generation from a central XML repository</a> (<a href="#Practice-Preach">as used here</a>).
Moreover, rules have continued to play an important role in
<a href="http://www.mailgate.org/comp/comp.ai.shells/">AI shells</a> for knowledge-based systems and
in <a href="http://agents.umbc.edu/">Intelligent Agents</a>, today both needing a Web interchange format,
and such XML/RDF-standardized rules are now also usable for the declarative specification of
<a href="http://www.w3.org/2002/ws/">Web Services</a>.
</p>
<p>
The Rule Markup Initiative has taken initial steps towards defining
a shared Rule Markup Language (RuleML),
permitting both forward (bottom-up) and backward (top-down) rules in XML
for deduction, rewriting, and further inferential-transformational tasks.
The initiative started during
<a href="http://www3.cm.deakin.edu.au/pricai/">PRICAI 2000</a>,
as described in the <a href="RuleML/sld001.htm">Original RuleML Slide</a>,
and was
<a href="http://www.mailgate.org/comp/comp.ai.shells/msg00100.html">launched</a>
in the Internet on 2000-11-10.
Besides the previous <a href="indtd.html">XML-only RuleML</a> and
the current <a href="indtd0.8.html">XML/RDF-combining RuleML</a>,
there is also an approach towards an <a href="#RDF">RDF-only RuleML</a>.
<a href="#Engines">Complementary efforts</a>
consist of the development of (Java-based) rule engines such as Mandarax RuleML
and XSB-RDF RuleML.
There now exists an initial RuleML <a href="#Design">design</a>
and a Version 0.8 system of <a href="#DTDs-Schemas">DTDs</a>
for basic RuleML sublanguages.
</p>
  <table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="7" cellpadding="0" align="center">
<tr>
<td valign="TOP" width="30%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"></td>
<td valign="TOP" width="40%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"></td>
<td valign="TOP" width="30%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="TOP" width="30%" bgcolor="#FFCCCC">
<h2>Contents</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="#Initiative">The Initiative</a></li>
<li><a href="#Uses">Uses</a></li>
<li><a href="#Scope">Scope</a></li>
<li><a href="#Participants-Logos">Participants' Logos</a></li>
<li><a href="#Participants-Systems">Participants' Systems (Updated: 2003-11-26)</a></li>
<li><a href="#Steps">Initial Steps</a></li>
<li><a href="#Design">Design</a></li>
<li><a href="#DTDs-Schemas">DTDs-Schemas</a></li>
<li><a href="#Queries">Queries</a></li>
<li><a href="#OO">Object-Oriented RuleML (Updated: 2003-11-29)</a></li>
<li><a href="#RDF">RDF</a></li>
<li><a href="#Lite">RuleML Lite (Established: 2003-11-29)</a></li>
<li><a href="#Induction">Induction</a></li>
<li><a href="#Translators">Translators</a></li>
<li><a href="#Engines">Engines</a></li>
<li><a href="#PR">Positional-Roled Syntax (Established: 2003-11-29)</a></li>
<li><a href="#Interfaces">User Interfaces</a></li>
<li><a href="#Library">Rulebase Library</a></li>
<li><a href="#Papers-Publications">Papers-Publications (Updated: 2003-06-07)</a></li>
<li><a href="#Structure">Structure (Updated: 2003-06-07)</a></li>
<li><a href="#Contacts">Contacts</a></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td valign="TOP" width="40%" align="left">
<h2>News-Events</h2>
<ul>
<li>
  <xhtml><blink>Subscribe to our mailing list</blink></xhtml>:
  <a href="http://mail.ruleml.org/pipermail/ruleml-all/2003-November/000000.html">ruleml-all</a>.
  </li>
  <li>2003-12-03: The RuleML website is now being hosted by Canada's <a href="http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/">National Research Council (NRC)</a>.
  Thanks to all who have been involved in the move, in particular to
  <a href="http://lists.ximian.com/archives/public/users/2003-November/012400.html">Justin Hickey</a>, NRC. Please, update your documents
  by replacing URLs of the form http://www.dfki.uni-kl.de/ruleml/x/y/z with URLs of the form http://www.ruleml.org/x/y/z (Justin has a Perl script replaceText
  for performing such replacements througout directory hierarchies).
  </li>
  <li>The roled and sorted sublanguages as described in a
  <a href="http://www.dfki.uni-kl.de/~boley/ruleml/ruleml-rgs.pdf">recent OO RuleML paper</a>
  have been implemented by Marcel Ball (<a href="/oojdrew/">Object-Oriented jDREW</a>).
  </li>
  <li>For specifying OO RuleML, the entire (OO) RuleML family of sublanguages has been re-modularized
  and transposed to XML Schema via content models by David Hirtle such that
  positional and roled versions are always kept in the same sublanguage rather than
  duplicating each sublanguage (<a href="/inspec/">DTD and XML Schema specification of RuleML 0.85</a> ).
  </li>
  <li>Further technical progress has been made in collaborations with the
  <a href="http://www.daml.org/committee/">Joint Committee</a> on the
  <a href="http://www.ruleml.org/submission/ruleml-shortation.html">PR Syntax</a> (<a href="#PR">new section</a>),
  <a href="http://www.daml.org/listarchive/joint-committee/1490.html">RuleML Lite</a> (<a href="#Lite">new section</a>), and
  <a href="http://www.daml.org/2003/11/swrl/">SWRL</a>.
  </li>
  <li>
<a href="#Structure">Technical Group (TG)</a> on <a href="http://forum.semanticweb.org/">Frames, Objects, and RUle Markup (FORUM)</a> has been established.
  </li>
  <li>
<a href="#OO">Section</a> on <a href="indoo">Object-Oriented RuleML (OO RuleML)</a> extension has been created.
  </li>
  <li>
<a href="http://www.semanticwebrules.org">Rules and Rule Markup Languages for the Semantic Web (RuleML-2003)</a>,
in conjunction with the
<a href="http://iswc2003.semanticweb.org">International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC2003)</a>,
Sanibel Island, Florida, USA, 20 October 2003. Deadline for paper submissions: 15 June 2003.
  </li>
  <li>
<a href="http://www.cs.unb.ca/baseweb/">Workshop on Business Agents and the Semantic Web (BASeWEB-03)</a>, June 14, 2003, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Deadline for Submissions/Requests for Participation: Mar. 28, 2003.
  </li>
  <li>
<a href="http://centria.di.fct.unl.pt/~cd">Carlos Viegas Damásio</a> has prepared an initial Home Page of
<a href="http://centria.di.fct.unl.pt/~cd/projectos/w4/index.htm">The W4 Project</a> on
Well-founded semantics for the World Wide Web.
He has also finished the implementation of a RuleML parser for hornlog, and
successfully tested it with RuleML examples. It will appear soon in the W4 project page.
  </li>
  <li>
<a href="http://www.i-u.de/schools/eberhart/">Andreas Eberhart</a> proposes the
Web Service Description Framework (WSDF), using RuleML for method definitions, in the paper
<a href="http://www.i-u.de/schools/eberhart/wsdf">Towards Universal Web Service Clients</a>
at the W3C-endorsed
<a href="http://www.w3c.rl.ac.uk/Euroweb/">EuroWeb 2002 Conference - The Web and the GRID: from e-science to e-business</a>,
St Anne's College Oxford, UK, December 17 and 18th 2002.
  </li>

  <li>The <a href="http://www.ruleml.org/inews.html">RuleML News-Events Archive</a> shows all previous news.
  </li>
  </ul>
</td>
<td valign="TOP" width="30%" bgcolor="#CCCCFF">
<h2>Mission</h2>

<p>
<b>Statement:</b>
<p>
The goal of the Rule Markup Initiative is to develop RuleML as the
canonical Web language for rules using XML markup, formal semantics,
and efficient implementations.
</p>
<p>
RuleML covers the entire rule spectrum,
from derivation rules to transformation rules to
reaction rules. RuleML can thus specify queries and inferences in Web
ontologies, mappings between Web ontologies, and dynamic Web behaviors
of workflows, services, and agents.
</p>
<br>
<b>Approach:</b>
<p>
Rather than focusing on academic research prototypes, RuleML is about rule
interoperation between industry standards (such as JSR 94, SQL'99, OCL,
BPMI, WSFL, XLang, XQuery, RQL, OWL, DAML-S, and ISO Prolog) as well as
established systems (CLIPS, Jess, ILOG JRules, Blaze Advisor, Versata,
MQWorkFlow, BizTalk, Savvion, etc.).
</p>
<p>
The Initiative develops a modular RuleML specification and transformations 
from and to other rule standards/systems. Moreover, it coordinates the
development of tools to elicit, maintain, and execute RuleML rules.
It also collects use cases, e.g. on business rules and reactive services.
</p>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<h2><a name="Initiative">The Initiative</a></h2>

<p>
The <a href="#Participants-Logos">participants</a> of the RuleML Initiative
constitute an open network of
individuals and groups from both industry and academia. We are not
commencing from zero but have done some work related to rule markup or have
actually proposed some specific tag set for rules.
Our main objective is to provide a basis for an integrated rule-markup approach
that will be beneficial to all involved and to the rule community
at large. This shall be achieved by having all participants
collaborate in establishing translations between existing tag sets and
in converging on a shared rule-markup vocabulary.
This RuleML kernel language can
serve as a specification for immediate rule interchange and can be gradually
extended - possibly together with <a href="#Related">related initiatives</a> -
towards a proposal that could be submitted to the
<a href="http://www.w3.org/">W3C</a>.
</p>
<h2><a name="Uses">Uses</a></h2>

<table border="1" cellpadding="5" bgcolor="#CCCCFF"><tr><td>
<a name="Example-English"></a>
If you want to review rule principles,
(then) you may look at
<a href="http://www.cs.nott.ac.uk/~sxp/ES3/index.htm">Rule-Based Expert Systems</a>. (<a href="insteps.html#Example-RuleML">BTW, this is itself a simple rule</a>.)
If you want to review XML principles,
you may go to the beginning of
<a href="http://www.dfki.uni-kl.de/km/knowmark/">Knowledge Markup Techniques</a>.
</td></tr></table>

<p>
Rules are being used for many interconnected purposes,
capturing regularities in
application domains such as the following:
<ul>
  <li>Engineering: Diagnosis rules (also model-based approaches appreciate
and combine with rules, as described by Adnan Darwiche in
<a href="http://www.cs.ucla.edu/~darwiche/realize.ps">Model-based diagnosis under real-world constraints</a>,
AI Magazine, Summer 2000)
  </li>
  <li>Commerce: Business rules (including XML versions such as the
Business Rules Markup Language
(<a href="http://www.oasis-open.org/cover/brml.html">BRML</a>) of IBM's
<a href="http://www.research.ibm.com/rules/home.html">Business Rules for Electronic Commerce</a>
project)
  </li>
  <li>Law: Legal reasoning (Robert Kowalski and Marek Sergot have been
formalizing legal rules in an <a href="http://www-lp.doc.ic.ac.uk/ProjectPages/legal.html">Imperial College group</a>)
  </li>
  <li>Internet: Access authentication
(Tim Berners-Lee proposed registration engines that use authentication rules
<a href="http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/Inconsistent.html">such as the following</a>:
Any person who was some time in the last 2 months an employee
of an organization which was some time in the last 2 months a
W3C member may register.)
  </li>
</ul>

Rather than reinventing rule principles and markups in each such community,
the idea of RuleML is to 'package' the rule aspect of these domains and
and make it available as an
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names/">(XML) namespace</a>,
<b><tt>.../RuleML</tt></b>, which can be mixed with
a namespace for
natural-language (<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/">XHTML</a>) texts
and possible domain-specific namespaces
(much like <a href="http://www.w3.org/Math/">MathML</a> is mixed into
such domain texts).
</p>
<h2><a name="Scope">Scope</a></h2>

<p>
Rules can be stated (1) in natural language, (2) in some formal notation,
or (3) in a combination of both. Being in the third, 'semiformal' category,
the RuleML Initiative is working towards an XML-based markup language that
permits Web-based rule storage, interchange, retrieval, and firing/application.
</p>
<a name="Related"></a>
<p>
Markup standards and initiatives related to RuleML include:
<ul>
  <li>Mathematical Markup Language
(<a href="http://www.w3.org/Math/">MathML</a>):
However, MathML's <i>Content Markup</i> is better suited for defining functions
rather than relations or general rules
  </li>
  <li>DARPA Agent Markup Language (<a href="http://www.daml.org/">DAML</a>):
While the contributing
<a href="http://www.cs.umd.edu/projects/plus/SHOE/">SHOE project</a>
has permitted Horn rules and a DAML-RULES is planned, the current
<a href="http://www.daml.org/language/">DAML+OIL</a> (March 2001)
does not yet include a specification of explicit inference rules
  </li>
  <li>Predictive Model Markup Language
(<a href="http://www.dmg.org/html/pmml_v1_1.html">PMML</a>):
With this XML-based language one can define and share various models
for data-mining results, including
<a href="http://www.dmg.org/html/assocrules.html">association rules</a>
  </li>
  <li>Attribute Grammars in XML (<a href="http://www.dfki.uni-kl.de/~boley/xmlag/attgramm/sld001.htm">AG-markup</a>):
For AG's semantic rules, there are various possible XML markups that are
similar to Horn-rule markup
  </li>
  <li>Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations
(<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xslt">XSLT</a>):
This is a restricted term-rewriting system of rules, written in XML,
for transforming XML documents into other XML documents
  </li>
</ul>
</p>
<h2><a name="Participants-Logos">Participants' Logos</a></h2>

<p>
The RuleML Initiative consists of <a href="http://www.dfki.de/~urban/ruleml/inlogos.html">the participants represented here by their logos</a>.
</p>
<h2><a name="Participants-Systems">Participants' Systems (Updated: 2003-11-26)</a></h2>

<table border="1" cellpadding="5" bgcolor="#CCCCFF"><tr><td>
<table border="1" cellpadding="5" bgcolor="#FFCCCC"><tr><td>
Besides on the <a href="#Related">related work</a>, the RuleML Initiative is based on
the following systems of the participants listed in parentheses:

    <ol>
      <li>
<a href="http://www.cs.mu.oz.au/agentlab/">Agent Frameworks</a>
            (<a href="http://www.cs.mu.oz.au/~leon/">Leon Sterling</a>,
             <a href="http://www.cs.mu.oz.au/">Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, University of Melbourne</a>, Australia)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://www.haifa.il.ibm.com/projects/software/amit/">AMIT/ADI</a>
            (<a href="http://www.research.ibm.com/people/a/adi/">Asaf Adi</a>,
             <a href="mailto:sommer@il.ibm.com">Ziva Sommer</a>,
             <a href="http://www.haifa.il.ibm.com/">IBM Research Lab in Haifa</a>, Israel)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://tmitwww.tm.tue.nl/staff/gwagner/AORML/">AORML</a>
            (<a href="http://tmitwww.tm.tue.nl/staff/gwagner/">Gerd Wagner</a>,
             <a href="http://tmitwww.tm.tue.nl/index-e.html">Faculty of Technology Management, I &amp; T, Eindhoven University of Technology</a>, The Netherlands)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://www.mindbox.com/solutions/products.shtml">ARTEnterprise</a>
            (<a href="mailto:samir.rohatgi@mindbox.com">Samir Rohatgi</a>,
             <a href="mailto:brian.sauk@mindbox.com">Brian Sauk</a>,
             <a href="http://www.mindbox.com">MindBox Inc.</a>, USA)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://www.smartbot-technologies.de/botform.html">BotForm&amp;trade</a>
            (<a href="mailto:sven.seelig@smartbot-technologies.de">Sven Seelig</a>,
             <a href="mailto:sml@smartbot-technologies.de">Sonja Muller Landmann</a>,
             <a href="http://www.smartbot-technologies.de">Smart Bot Technologies</a>, Germany)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://ebusiness.mit.edu/bgrosof/paps/fipa-grosof-07-00-distrib.ps">BRML/DAML-RULES</a>
            (<a href="http://ebusiness.mit.edu/bgrosof/">Benjamin Grosof</a>,
             <a href="http://mitsloan.mit.edu">MIT Sloan School of Management</a>, USA)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://www.research.ibm.com/rules">CommonRules</a>
            (<a href="mailto:hychan@us.ibm.com">Hoi Chan</a>,
             <a href="http://www.research.ibm.com">IBM T.J. Watson Research</a>, USA)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://www.informatik.uni-bremen.de/~ga/research/ruleml.html">Deimos&amp;Phobos</a>
            (<a href="http://www.informatik.uni-bremen.de/~ga">Grigoris Antoniou</a>,
             <a href="http://www.informatik.uni-bremen.de/">Fachbereich Mathematik &amp; Informatik, Universität Bremen</a>, Germany)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://www.sybase.com/detail?id=1012526">EAI Rules engine</a>
            (<a href="mailto:rwhalen@sybase.com">Ruth Whalen</a>, <a href="mailto:Darren.Damato@New-Era-of-Networks.com">Darren D'Amato</a>,
             <a href="http://www.sybase.com/">Sybase, Inc.</a>, <a href="http://www.sybase.com/neweraofnetworks">New Era Of Networks, Inc.</a>, USA)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://www.agfa.com/w3c/euler/">Euler</a>
            (<a href="http://www.agfa.com/w3c/jdroo/">Jos De Roo</a>,
             <a href="http://www.agfa.com/">AGFA</a>, Belgium)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://www.dsic.upv.es/~jorallo/flip/">FLIP</a>
            (<a href="http://www.dsic.upv.es/~jorallo/">Jose Hernandez-Orallo</a>,
             <a href="http://www.dsic.upv.es/">DSIC</a>, <a href="http://www.upv.es/">Politechnical University of Valencia</a>, Spain)
      </li>
      <li>Java Forward-Chaining Engines Integration
            (<a href="mailto:ebonnet@genigraph.fr">Emmanuel Bonnet</a>,
             <a href="mailto:gmolines@optechsoftware.com">Guilhem Molines</a>,
             <a href="mailto:onicolas@genigraph.fr">Olivier Nicolas</a>,
             <a href="http://www.genigraph.fr">Genigraph/OpTech Software</a>, France, USA)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://flora.sourceforge.net">Flora-2</a>
            (<a href="http://www.cs.sunysb.edu/~kifer">Michael Kifer</a>,
             <a href="http://www.cs.sunysb.edu/~guizyang">Guizhen Yang</a>,
             <a href="http://www.cs.sunysb.edu">Department of Computer Science</a>
             <a href="http://www.stonybrook.edu">State University of New York at Stony Brook</a>, USA)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://www.iit.nrc.ca/www/E_Business/Research.html">j-DREW</a>
            (<a href="http://www.cs.unb.ca/~bspencer">Bruce Spencer</a>,
             <a href="http://www.cs.unb.ca">Faculty of Computer Science</a>,
             <a href="http://www.unb.ca">University of New Brunswick</a> and
             <a href="http://www.iit.nrc.ca/">Institute for Information Technology</a>,
             <a href="http://www.nrc.ca/">National Research Council of Canada</a>, Canada)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://herzberg.ca.sandia.gov/jess/">Jess</a>
            (<a href="http://herzberg.ca.sandia.gov">Ernest Friedman-Hill</a>,
             <a href="http://www.sandia.gov/">Distributed Systems Research, Sandia National Labs</a>, USA)
      </li>
      <li>KNOW: Knowledge Norm Of Webmind
            (<a href="mailto:Pei.Wang@temple.edu">Pei Wang</a>,
             <a href="http://www.webmind.com/">Webmind Inc.</a>, USA)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://lispminer.vse.cz">LispMiner</a>
            (<a href="http://nb.vse.cz/~svatek/welcom_e.htm">Vojtech Svatek</a>,
             <a href="mailto:rauch@vse.cz">Jan Rauch</a>,
             <a href="mailto:xlinv05@vse.cz">Vaclav Lin</a>,
             <a href="http://nb1.vse.cz/~svatek/ke_group.htm">Knowledge Engineering Group</a>,
             <a href="http://kizi2.vse.cz">Department of Information and Knowledge Engineering (DIKE)</a>,
             <a href="http://www.vse.cz">University of Economics, Prague</a>, Czech Republic)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://machine-knows.etri.re.kr/bossam/docs/logicml.html">LogicML</a>/<a href="http://machine-knows.etri.re.kr/bossam">Bossam Rule Engine</a>
            (<a href="mailto:minsu@etri.re.kr">Minsu Jang</a>,
             <a href="mailto:jcsohn@etri.re.kr">Joochan Sohn</a>,
             <a href="http://www.etri.re.kr/e_etri/">ETRI</a>, Korea)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://www.mandarax.org/">Mandarax</a>
            (<a href="mailto:jens.dietrich@unforgettable.com">Jens Dietrich</a>,
             Department of Computer Science, <a href="http://www.polytechnic.edu.na/">Polytechnic of Namibia</a>, Namibia)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://galeb.etf.bg.ac.yu/~vm/papers/r7inen3.lo.pdf">Obelix</a>
            (<a href="http://galeb.etf.bg.ac.yu/~vm">Veljko Milutinovic</a>,
             <a href="mailto:sasa@galeb.etf.bg.ac.yu">Sasa Mitrovic</a>,
             <a href="http://www.etf.bg.ac.yu/?lang=en">Faculty of Electrical Engineering</a>,
             <a href="http://www.beograd.org.yu/english/zivot/obrnauka/univerz/">University of Belgrade</a>,
             Serbia and Montenegro)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://kmi.open.ac.uk/projects/ocml/">OCML</a>
            (<a href="http://kmi.open.ac.uk/people/motta/">Enrico Motta</a>,
             <a href="http://kmi.open.ac.uk/people/domingue/">John Domingue</a>,
             <a href="http://kmi.open.ac.uk/home-t.cfm">Knowledge Media Institute</a>,
             <a href="http://www.open.ac.uk/">The Open University</a>,
             UK)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://www.i-u.de/schools/eberhart/ontojava/">OntoJava</a>
            (<a href="http://www.i-u.de/schools/eberhart/">Andreas Eberhart</a>,
             <a href="http://www.i-u.de/">International University in Germany</a>, Germany)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://cs-www.cs.yale.edu/homes/dvm/">PDDL: Planning Domain Definition Language</a>
            (<a href="http://cs-www.cs.yale.edu/homes/dvm/">Drew V. McDermott</a>,
             <a href="http://www.cs.yale.edu/">Department of Computer Science, Yale University</a>, USA)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://protege.stanford.edu">Protégé-2000</a>
            (<a href="http://smi-web.stanford.edu/people/musen/">Mark Musen</a>,
             <a href="http://smi-web.Stanford.EDU/">Stanford Medical Informatics</a>, USA)
      </li>
      <li>RBML: Rule Base Markup Language
            (<a href="http://www.geocities.com/Christopher.Roberts/">Chris Roberts</a>,
             <a href="http://www.sun.com/">Sun Microsystems</a>, USA)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://www.relfun.org/rfml/">RFML</a>
            (<a href="http://www.cs.unb.ca/~boley/">Harold Boley</a>,
             <a href="http://www.dfki.de/">DFKI</a>, Germany)
      </li>
      <li>RIF
            (<a href="mailto:steve@enigmatec.net">Steve Ross-Talbot</a>,
             <a href="http://www.enigmatec.net">Enigmatec Corporation</a>,
             UK)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://arabella.mcm.unisg.ch/SeCo/">SeCo</a>
            (<a href="http://www.netacademy.org/netacademy/register.nsf/mcm_staff/bschmid">Beat Schmid</a>,
             <a href="http://www.mcm.unisg.ch/">Institute for Media and Communications Management</a>,
             University of St. Gallen, Switzerland)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://www.damlsmm.ri.cmu.edu">Semantic Matchmaker</a>
            (<a href="http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/%7Esycara/">Katia Sycara</a>,
             <a href="http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/~softagents/atlas/homepages/paolucci_massimo.html">Massimo Paolucci</a>,
             <a href="http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/~softagents">The Intelligent Software Agents Lab</a>,
             <a href="http://www.ri.cmu.edu">The Robotics Institute</a>,
             <a href="http://www.cs.cmu.edu">School of Computer Science</a>,
             <a href="http://www.cmu.edu">Carnegie Mellon University</a>, USA)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://www.dfki.uni-kl.de/frodo/triple/">TRIPLE</a>
            (<a href="http://www.isi.edu/~stefan/">Stefan Decker</a>,
             <a href="http://www.isi.edu/divisions/div3/index.html">USC ISI Intelligent Systems Division</a>;
             <a href="http://www.dfki.uni-kl.de/~sintek/">Michael Sintek</a>,
             <a href="http://www.dfki.de/">DFKI</a>,
             <a href="http://www.isi.edu/divisions/div3/index.html">USC ISI Intelligent Systems Division</a>;
             Germany, USA)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://www.ida.liu.se/~pawpi/research.html">Type-Based Diagnoser</a>
            (<a href="http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/">Jan Maluszynski</a>,
             <a href="http://www.ida.liu.se/sweb/">Swedish Semantic Web Initiative</a>,
             <a href="http://www.ida.liu.se/index.en.shtml">Department of Computer and Information Science</a>,
             <a href="http://www.lith.liu.se/en/index.html">Linköping University</a>,
             Sweden)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://home.comcast.net/~stabet/urml.html">URML</a>
            (<a href="mailto:david_ash99@yahoo.com">David Ash</a>,
             <a href="http://www.realtimeagentsinc.com">Real Time Agents Inc.</a>;
             <a href="mailto:prabhakar_bhogaraju@yahoo.com">Prabhakar Bhogaraju</a>,
             <a href="http://www.mindbox.com/">MindBox</a>;
             <a href="http://home.comcast.net/~stabet/">Said Tabet</a>,
             <a href="http://www.macgregor.com/">Macgregor Inc.</a>;
             USA)
      </li>
      <li>Versata Logic Suite for Transaction Logic
            (<a href="mailto:James_Liddle@Versata.com">James Liddle</a>,
             <a href="mailto:Kamran_Yousaf@Versata.com">Kamran Yousaf</a>,
             <a href="HTTP://WWW.Versata.com">Versata</a>;
             UK)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://www.soi.city.ac.uk/~msch/cgi/viva/">Vivid Agents</a>/<a href="http://www.soi.city.ac.uk/~msch/revise/revise.html">Revise</a>
            (<a href="http://www.soi.city.ac.uk/~msch/">Michael Schroeder</a>,
             <a href="http://www.soi.city.ac.uk/">The School of Informatics</a>,
             <a href="http://www.city.ac.uk/">City University London</a>,
             UK)
      </li>
      <li>VPP
            (<a href="mailto:randerson@macgregor.ws">Rand Anderson</a>,
             <a href="http://www.macgregor.ws">Macgregor</a>, USA)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://centria.di.fct.unl.pt/~cd/projectos/w4/index.htm">W4</a>
            (<a href="http://centria.di.fct.unl.pt/~cd">Carlos Viegas Damásio</a>,
             <a href="http://centria.di.fct.unl.pt/">CENTRIA (Centro de Inteligência Artificial da
Universidade Nova de Lisboa)</a>, Portugal)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://www.xcerpt.org">Xcerpt</a>
            (<a href="http://www.pms.informatik.uni-muenchen.de/mitarbeiter/bry/">François Bry</a>,
             <a href="http://www.wastl.net/">Sebastian Schaffert</a>,
             <a href="http://www.pms.informatik.uni-muenchen.de/index-e.html">Teaching and Research Unit Programming and Modelling Language</a>,
             <a href="http://www.informatik.uni-muenchen.de/index-e.html">Institute of Computer Science, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München</a>, Germany)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://www.csd.auth.gr/~lpis/systems/x-device.html">X-DEVICE</a>
            (<a href="http://www.csd.auth.gr/~nick">Nick Bassiliades</a>,
             <a href="http://www.csd.auth.gr/~lpis">Logic Programming and Intelligent Systems (LPIS) Group</a>,
             <a href="http://www.csd.auth.gr/index.en.php">Dept. of Informatics</a>,
             <a href="http://www.auth.gr">Aristotle University of Thessaloniki</a>, Greece)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://kr.cs.ait.ac.th/xet/">XET</a>/<a href="http://kr.cs.ait.ac.th/XDD/">XDD</a>
            (<a href="mailto:vw@cs.ait.ac.th">Vilas Wuwongse</a>,
             <a href="mailto:ca@cs.ait.ac.th">Chutiporn Anutariya</a>,
             <a href="http://kr.cs.ait.ac.th/">Knowledge Representation Laboratory</a>,
             <a href="http://www.ait.ac.th/">Asian Institute of Technology</a>, Thailand)
      </li>
      <li>
<a href="http://xrml.kaist.ac.kr">XRML</a>
            (<a href="http://iis.kaist.ac.kr/~jklee/">Jae Kyu Lee</a>,
             <a href="http://icec.net/">ICEC</a>,
             <a href="http://iis.kaist.ac.kr/">KAIST</a>, Korea)
      </li>
    </ol>
</td></tr></table>
</td></tr></table>
<p>
2001-05-11:
&quot;RuleML, the emerging standards effort on XML Rules knowledge
representation, continues to progress in its design -- and also in its
acceptance; notably, IBM this past month joined as participant and publicly
disclosed that it is prototyping support for RuleML.  Presentation
materials from two recent W3C meetings, and a new short overview conference
paper, are now available:  see <a href="http://ebusiness.mit.edu/bgrosof/#XMLRules">http://ebusiness.mit.edu/bgrosof/#XMLRules</a>.&quot;
(Also see: <a href="http://www.alphaworks.ibm.com/tech/commonrules">alphaWorks Posting</a>. Contact: <a href="mailto:hychan@us.ibm.com">Hoi Chan</a>.)
</p>
<h2><a name="Steps">Initial Steps</a></h2>

<p>
Some 
<a href="insteps.html">initial steps taken by the RuleML Initiative</a>
have been
to structure the area of rule markup,
to raise issues and identify tasks, and
to propose tentative rule tags/attributes.
</p>
<h2><a name="Design">Design</a></h2>

<p>
The 
<a href="indesign.html">current RuleML design</a>
shows the big picture of how we conceive and formalize rule markup;
this has been the basis of much of our more specific work.
</p>
<h2><a name="DTDs-Schemas">DTDs-Schemas</a></h2>


<p>
2001-01-31: A preliminary RuleML DTD has been released:
<a href="indtd.html">RuleML DTD Version 0.7</a>.
<br>
2001-07-11: A revised DTD version has been finalized:
<a href="indtd0.8.html">RuleML DTD Version 0.8</a>.
<br>
2001-09-25: A preliminary XML Schema for a Datalog subset of RuleML has been released:
<a href="inxsd0.8.html">RuleML Schema Version 0.8</a>.
<br>
2002-04-02: A query DTD version has been realized (cf. <a href="#Queries">Queries</a>):
<a href="indtd0.8.html">RuleML DTD Version 0.8</a>.
<br>
The discounting business rules example shows some of the features:
<a href="exa/0.8/discount.ruleml">discount.ruleml</a>
(<a href="exa/0.8/discount.ruleml.txt">discount.ruleml.txt</a>).
</p>
<h2><a name="Queries">Queries</a></h2>


<p>
As in many deduction approaches, RuleML queries are regarded as headless implications,
symmetrically to regarding facts as bodiless
implications. They enumerate the bindings of all their free (existentially interpreted) variables.
</p>
<p>
Queries were added to RuleML 0.8 as a third top-level element of rulebases besides facts and imps
(since this extension is purely additive, all queriless RuleML 0.8 rulebases should still validate).
This gives us &quot;for free&quot; all refinements of RuleML's existing system of sublanguages via the _body
role of queries:
because of RuleML's DTD inheritance, additions were only required for
<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/dtd/0.8/ruleml-datalog.dtd">ruleml-datalog.dtd</a>
(<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/dtd/0.8/ruleml-datalog.dtd.txt">ruleml-datalog.dtd.txt</a>)
and
<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/dtd/0.8/ruleml-urcbindatagroundfact.dtd">urcbindatagroundfact.dtd</a>
(<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/dtd/0.8/ruleml-urcbindatagroundfact.dtd.txt">urcbindatagroundfact.dtd.txt</a>).
In particular,
<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/dtd/0.8/ruleml-datalog.dtd">ruleml-datalog.dtd</a>'s
query-extended rulebase definition is inherited by
<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/dtd/0.8/ruleml-hornlog.dtd">ruleml-hornlog.dtd</a>,
where queries in datalog use only inds and vars but queries in hornlog automatically also permit cterms
(because hornlog atoms permit cterms).
</p>
<p>
RuleML queries are illustrated by our business-rule example
<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/exa/0.8/discount.ruleml">discount.ruleml</a>
(<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/exa/0.8/discount.ruleml.txt">discount.ruleml.txt</a>)
and by
<a href="http://www.w3.org/People/Eric/">Eric Prud'hommeaux</a>'s
<a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/11/13-RDF-Query-Rules/">RDF Query example</a>
<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/exa/0.8/wsdl-rdf-query.ruleml">wsdl-rdf-query.ruleml</a>
(<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/exa/0.8/wsdl-rdf-query.ruleml.txt">wsdl-rdf-query.ruleml.txt</a>).
</p>
<p>
This query incorporation into RuleML assumes that the sublanguage expressiveness
should be the same for 'assertions' (facts and imps) and for the 'requests' (queries) on them.
So, it cannot, e.g., express queries on ground triples
(containing no variables) via non-ground triples (containing variables):
<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/exa/0.8/creator.ruleml">creator.ruleml</a>
(<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/exa/0.8/creator.ruleml.txt">creator.ruleml.txt</a>).
However, users can still employ one rulebase (module) with its DTD for 'assertions',
and another rulebase (module) with a different DTD for 'requests'.
</p>
<h2><a name="OO">Object-Oriented RuleML (Updated: 2003-11-29)</a></h2>


<p>
Via <a href="indoo">Object-Oriented RuleML (OO RuleML)</a> frame-like knowledge representation
with facts (instances) and rules (methods) is now directly supported.
</p>
<h2><a name="RDF">RDF</a></h2>


<p>
An experimental RDF translator for a subset of RuleML 0.7 is available in XSLT:
<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/inrdf.html">RuleML in RDF Version 0.2</a>.
RuleML 0.8 now stands in the direct <a href="http://www.ruleml.org/indtd0.8.html#Context">Context</a>
of RDF.
</p>
<p>
2001-06-20: <a href="http://www.dfki.uni-kl.de/~sintek/">Michael Sintek</a> has implemented
a (Java) parser for an RDF version of the Horn-logic subset of RuleML 0.8;
it reflects an RDF RuleML syntax
by (Java) classes that currently generate textual Horn clauses but could be adapted for generating
the XML RuleML syntax:
<a href="http://www.dfki.uni-kl.de/frodo/rdf2java/">The FRODO rdf2java Tool</a>.
A converse translator from XML RuleML 0.8 to RDF RuleML 0.8 should be easier to write in XSLT
than was possible for the above-linked RuleML 0.7 translator.
</p>
<h2><a name="Lite">RuleML Lite (Established: 2003-11-29)</a></h2>


<p>
<a href="http://www.daml.org/listarchive/joint-committee/1490.html">RuleML Lite</a> has been developed basically
as a RuleML subset compatible with RDF and OWL-DL that covers webized unary and binary Datalog facts, rules, and queries.
The RuleML Lite design has interacted with the <a href="http://www.daml.org/2003/11/swrl/">SWRL</a> design via
the <a href="http://www.daml.org/committee/">Joint Committee</a>.
</p>
<h2><a name="Induction">Induction</a></h2>


<p>
The FLIP Group uses RuleML in machine learning:
<a href="http://www.dsic.upv.es/~flip/RuleML/">About using RuleML for expressing machine learning knowledge</a>.
In the <a href="http://lispminer.vse.cz">LispMiner</a> project
work with RuleML is directed towards statistical association rules.
</p>
<h2><a name="Translators">Translators</a></h2>


<p>
Since RuleML should help rule-system interoperation,
(XSLT, ...) translators for RuleML rulebases are rather important. Please send us further translator
pairs between your system and RuleML -- even if your translators are (still)
partial.
</p>
<p>
In February 2001 <a href="http://www.daml.org/people/mdean/">Mike Dean</a> created the first operational RuleML rulebase,
<a href="http://www.daml.org/2001/02/gedcom-ruleml/">GEDCOM</a>,
with rules on family relationships (child, spouse, etc.) run via XSLT translators to the XSB, JESS, and n3/cwm engines.
</p>
<p>
2001-09-17: <a href="http://www.cs.unb.ca/~boley/">Harold Boley</a>
has specified <a href="http://www.relfun.org/ruleml/rfml-ruleml.html">XSLT translators between the Horn-logic subsets of RuleML and RFML</a>.
These can make implementations of both systems available to each other and
permit, e.g., a preliminary HTML rendering of RuleML rulebases.
The XSLT stylesheets may also serve as blueprints for specifying further translators
to/fro RuleML.
</p>
<p>
2001-09-19: <a href="http://www.i-u.de/schools/eberhart/">Andreas Eberhart</a>
implemented an alpha version of <a href="http://www.i-u.de/schools/eberhart/ontojava/">OntoJava</a>.
The basic idea is to automatically map Protégé ontologies, instances defined
in them, and RuleML rules into a sinlge Java main memory DB / rule engine
that can then be used as the basis of an application.
He is looking forward to hearing of your ideas and input.
</p>
<p>
2002-02-04: <a href="http://www.i-u.de/schools/eberhart/">Andreas Eberhart</a>
extended <a href="http://www.i-u.de/schools/eberhart/ontojava/">OntoJava</a>
by reaction rules:
<b><pre>
&lt;java&gt;
        runtime.Loader.load(&quot;http://localhost:8080/servlet/SearchGate?flight=&quot;
                         + &lt;var&gt;F&lt;/var&gt;.name, false);
&lt;/java&gt;</pre></b>
This example loads RDF info into the DB, which comes from a kind of Web Service.
So emails can be sent as well, etc.
While this is not 'cross-platform', it should be interessting from an engineering
point of view.
</p>
<p>
2002-07-08: <a href="mailto:stabet@attbi.com">Said Tabet</a> created an
<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/jess/RuleMLTransform.xsl">XSLT stylesheet</a>
for transforming from a version of RuleML to Jess.
The full Java environment for running this is available from
<a href="mailto:stabet@attbi.com">Said Tabet</a>.
</p>
<h2><a name="Engines">Engines</a></h2>


<p>
One or more rule engines will be needed for executing RuleML rulebases.
On 2000-11-15, the RuleML Initiative thus joined forces with the
Java Specification Request <a href="http://java.sun.com/aboutJava/communityprocess/jsr/jsr_094_ruleengine.html">JSR-000094 Java Rule Engine API</a>.
This cooperation will enable a direct cross-fertilization between the
complementary specifications of the open XML-based Rule Markup Language
and of the Java runtime API for rule engines.
</p>
<p>
2001-06-04: <a href="mailto:jens.dietrich@unforgettable.com">Jens Dietrich</a>
implemented the first complete input-processing-output environment for RuleML.
To download the api (source code) click
<a href="http://www.mandarax.org/downloads.html">Mandarax RuleML</a>.
Any feedback is welcome! If you have problems, don't hesitate to contact Jens
for assistance.
</p>
<p>
2001-06-26: <a href="http://www.dfki.uni-kl.de/~sintek/">Michael Sintek</a>
has implemented a small XSB-based engine that can also be looked at as
the first RuleML querying <i>agent</i>.
It's a servlet (running in Tomcat) that receives RuleML rulebases in
RDF RuleML syntax (since he uses <a href="http://www.dfki.uni-kl.de/frodo/rdf2java/">The FRODO rdf2java Tool</a>)
together with some queries, evaluates them with XSB Prolog (in auto-tabling mode,
which should be equivalent to bottom-up evaluation!), and returns the result
as an HTML page containing the bindings as facts of instantiated queries.
A future version must, of course,
return a RuleML file.
Simply try
<a href="http://serv-4100.dfki.uni-kl.de:8765/ruleml/">this URL</a>.
Click on 'example' and paste the RDF RuleML popping up into the input window (note
that pasting XML/RDF cannot be directly done in IE, only in Netscape; use
&quot;view source&quot; in IE).
Alternatively, you can use the
<a href="http://serv-4100.dfki.uni-kl.de:8765/ruleml/rulemltrans.html">Prolog parser and RDF translator</a>
to generate the RDF RuleML.
Since we cannot guarantee that the above URLs always work (server reboots etc.),
<a href="xsb-rdf-ruleml.gif">this picture</a> shows the agent in action.
Any feedback is welcome! If you have problems, don't hesitate to contact Michael
for assistance.
</p>
<p>
2002-02-06: <a href="http://www.cs.unb.ca/~bspencer">Bruce Spencer</a> further refined
<a href="http://www.cs.unb.ca/~bspencer/dagstuhl-jdrew.pdf">The Design of j-DREW, a Deductive Reasoning Engine for the Semantic Web</a>.
</p>
<p>
2002-03-08: <a href="mailto:jens.dietrich@unforgettable.com">Jens Dietrich</a>
has finally published <a href="http://www.mandarax.org/downloads.html">Mandarax 1.6</a>
with major improvements, including new docs and all the features discussed in the
<a href="http://www.mandarax.org/docs/dagstuhl.pdf">Mandarax Dagstuhl Talk</a>.
One of the new packages is
<a href="http://www.mandarax.org/downloads/xkb_b1.jar">xkb_b1.jar</a>
-- it contains
a modular driver to translate rule bases to XML and vice versa. I.e., there
are tiny
adapter objects responsible for exporting/importing rules, facts, terms
etc.
This should enable us to set up a reference application for any new standard
in hours.
</p>
<h2><a name="PR">Positional-Roled Syntax (Established: 2003-11-29)</a></h2>


<p>
The Positional-Roled shorthand and presentation Syntax for rules
(<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/submission/ruleml-shortation.html">PR Syntax</a>)
merges Prolog's positional and F-logic's roled syntaxes.
Its need has emerged from discussions on ASCII syntaxes in the <a href="http://www.daml.org/committee/">Joint Committee</a>.
</p>
<h2><a name="Interfaces">User Interfaces</a></h2>


<p>
RuleML Participant Jens Dietrich's Oryx (version 2.1) has a graphical Knowledge Editor for business rules and a Repository that
contains the description of predicates, functions, and database connections.
&quot;Oryx works with open XML based formats, support for the emerging RuleML standard and the open source Mandarax XKB 1.0 format is
included.&quot;  (<a href="http://www.jbdietrich.com/">http://www.jbdietrich.com</a>).
</p>
<p>
<a href="http://www.dfki.uni-kl.de/~sintek/">Michael Sintek</a>
has implemented a
<a href="http://serv-4100.dfki.uni-kl.de:8765/ruleml/rulemltrans.html">Prolog parser and RDF translator</a>
to generate RDF RuleML.
</p>
<p>
<a href="http://www.i-u.de/schools/eberhart/">Andreas Eberhart</a> wrote
a small tool that allows you to convert Prolog (currently, Datalog) rules to RuleML.
This <a href="http://www.i-u.de/schools/eberhart/prolog2ruleml/">Prolog2RuleML</a> tool
is available both online and as a command line version.
</p>
<h2><a name="Library">Rulebase Library</a></h2>


<p>
A library of RuleML rulebases is being accumulated here as a collection of use cases
for further design discussion and as examples for practical rule exchange
(<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/lib">RuleML Library</a>).
The highest version of RuleML (currently 0.8) should be used whenever possible.
If you have an entry, please send us its pointer.
<ul>
  <li>
2002-03-06: <a href="http://www.daml.org/people/mdean/">Mike Dean</a>'s
<a href="http://www.daml.org/2001/02/gedcom-ruleml/">GEDCOM</a> rulebase
<a href="http://www.daml.org/2001/02/gedcom-ruleml/gedcom-relations.xml">GEDCOM RuleML 0.7</a>,
with rules on family relationships (child, spouse, etc.), has been made available:
<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/lib/gedcom/gedcom-relations0.8.ruleml">GEDCOM RuleML 0.8</a> (View | Page Source).
<br>
This is Elina Hotman's result of having
<a href="http://www.daml.org/2001/02/gedcom-ruleml/gedcom-relations.xml">GEDCOM RuleML 0.7</a>
(local copy: <a href="http://www.ruleml.org/lib/gedcom/gedcom-relations0.7.xml">GEDCOM RuleML 0.7</a>),
first transformed by the XSLT stylesheet
<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/lib/gedcom/ruleml2rfml_gedcom.xsl">ruleml2rfml_gedcom.xsl</a>
(a <a href="http://www.relfun.org/ruleml/rfml-ruleml.html">translator</a> version of
<a href="http://www.relfun.org/ruleml/ruleml2rfml.xsl">ruleml2rfml.xsl</a>)
to the -- likewise positional -- <a href="http://www.relfun.org/rfml/">RFML</a> form
<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/lib/gedcom/gedcom-relations0.8.rfml">GEDCOM RFML 0.8</a>,
and then having that further transformed by the XSLT stylesheet
<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/lib/gedcom/rfml2ruleml_gedcom.xsl">rfml2ruleml_gedcom.xsl</a>
(a <a href="http://www.relfun.org/ruleml/rfml-ruleml.html">translator</a> version of
<a href="http://www.relfun.org/ruleml/rfml2ruleml.xsl">rfml2ruleml.xsl</a>)
to the -- role-using --  RuleML 0.8 form
<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/lib/gedcom/gedcom-relations0.8.ruleml">GEDCOM RuleML 0.8</a>.
<br>
Coincidentally, <a href="http://www.agfa.com/w3c/jdroo/">Jos De Roo</a> used
<a href="http://www.daml.org/2001/02/gedcom-ruleml/gedcom-relations.xml">GEDCOM RuleML 0.7</a> to generate
<a href="http://www.agfa.com/w3c/euler/gedcom-relations.n3">GEDCOM N3</a>, from which
<a href="mailto:jonathan@openhealth.org">Jonathan Borden</a> generated
<a href="http://www.openhealth.org/RDF/gedcom-relations-xt.xml">GEDCOM RDFxt</a>
(<a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-webont-wg/2002Mar/0085.html">www-webont-wg -- LANG: GEDCOM N3 as RDFxt</a>).
Thus, <a href="http://www.daml.org/2001/02/gedcom-ruleml/">GEDCOM</a> looks like
a good benchmark for transforming between RuleML and related systems
(future transformers should directly start off from
<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/lib/gedcom/gedcom-relations0.8.ruleml">GEDCOM RuleML 0.8</a>
or higher).
A draft specification for the original <a href="http://www.familysearch.org/GEDCOM/GedXML60.pdf">GEDCOM XML</a>
is available.
  </li>
  <li>
2002-06-24: <a href="mailto:sabrina.scherer@dfki.de?subject=RACSA">Sabrina Scherer</a> and <a href="mailto:benjamin.olschok@dfki.de?subject=RACSA">Benjamin Olschok</a>, University of Saarbrücken,
in cooperation with <a href="http://www.cs.unb.ca/~boley/">Harold Boley</a>, DFKI,
have completed the prototype of a
Rule-Applying Comparison-Shopping Agent, <a href="http://www.dfki.de/racsa">RACSA</a>,
which takes into account
various (discount-like) rules for computing the special price
a customer will be offered.
RACSA is based on RuleML, Mandarax, and Java;
it is currently being developed for comparing refrigerator end prices in
the German and European market, but can be easily adapted to other products and/or markets.
A RACSA servlet and the comparison-shopping rulebases will soon be made
available <a href="http://www.dfki.de/racsa">here</a> for testing.
  </li>
  <li>
2002-07-08: <a href="mailto:stabet@attbi.com">Said Tabet</a> created an
<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/jess/RuleMLTransform.xsl">XSLT stylesheet</a>
for transforming from a version of RuleML to Jess.
This is exemplified by an animal rulebase transformed from its neutral
<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/jess/rules1.xml">RuleML version</a>
(<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/jess/rules1.xml.txt">rules1.xml.txt</a>)
into a forward-reasoning
<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/jess/rules1.clp">Jess version</a>.
The full Java environment for running this is available from
<a href="mailto:stabet@attbi.com">Said Tabet</a>.
  </li>
</ul>
</p>
<h2><a name="Papers-Publications">Papers-Publications (Updated: 2003-06-07)</a></h2>

<ul>
  <li>
Harold Boley: <a href="http://www.dfki.uni-kl.de/~boley/xmlrdf.html">A Web Data Model Unifying XML and RDF</a>. Draft, September 2001.
  </li>
  <li>
Harold Boley: <a href="http://www.dfki.uni-kl.de/~boley/ruleml-mht.pdf">The Rule Markup Language: RDF-XML Data Model, XML Schema Hierarchy, and
XSL Transformations</a>, Invited Talk, INAP2001, Tokyo, October 2001.
  </li>
  <li>
Harold Boley, Said Tabet, and Gerd Wagner: <a href="http://www.semanticweb.org/SWWS/program/full/paper20.pdf">Design Rationale of RuleML: A Markup
Language for Semantic Web Rules</a>, Proc. SWWS'01, Stanford, July/August 2001.
  </li>
  <li>
Andreas Eberhart, <a href="http://www.cs.unb.ca/ai2002/baseweb/BASeWEB2002_Paper1.pdf">An Agent Infrastructure based on Semantic Web Standards</a>,
Workshop on Business Agents and the Semantic Web at the AI 2002,
Calgary, Canada
  </li>
  <li>
Andreas Eberhart, <a href="http://link.springer.de/link/service/series/0558/papers/2342/23420102.pdf">Automatic Generation of Java/SQL based Inference Engines
from RDF Schema and RuleML</a>, International Semantic Web Conference
2002, Sardinia
  </li>
  <li>
Andreas Eberhart, <a href="http://www.i-u.de/schools/eberhart/wsdf">Towards Universal Web Service Clients</a>, <a href="http://www.w3c.rl.ac.uk/Euroweb/">EuroWeb 2002 Conference</a>, St Anne's College Oxford, UK, December 17 and 18th 2002.
  </li>
  <li>
Benjamin Grosof: <a href="http://ebusiness.mit.edu/bgrosof/paps/wits01-extended-working-paper-12-01.pdf">Representing E-Business Rules for the Semantic Web: Situated Courteous Logic Programs in RuleML</a>,
Proc. Workshop on Information Technologies and Systems (WITS '01), New Orleans, December, 2001.
  </li>
  <li>
Benjamin Grosof, Mahesh D. Gandhe, and Timothy W. Finin: <a href="http://www.soi.city.ac.uk/~msch/conf/ruleml/grosof.pdf">SweetJess: Translating DamlRuleML to Jess</a>,
Proc. International Workshop on Rule Markup Languages for Business Rules on the Semantic Web,
Sardinia (Italy), June 2002.
  </li>
  <li>
Benjamin Grosof and Terrence Poon: <a href="http://www.soi.city.ac.uk/~msch/conf/ruleml/grosof2.pdf">Representing Agent Contracts with Exceptions using XML Rules, Ontologies, and Process Descriptions</a>,
Proc. International Workshop on Rule Markup Languages for Business Rules on the Semantic Web,
Sardinia (Italy), June 2002.
  </li>
  <li>
Jae Kyu Lee and Mye M. Sohn: <a href="http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?doid=769800.769802">The eXtensible Rule Markup Language</a>, Communications of the ACM, Volume 46, Issue 5, pp. 59-64, May 2003.
  </li>
  <li>
Steve Ross-Talbot, Harold Boley, and Said Tabet:
<a href="http://www.appdevadvisor.co.uk/Downloads/ADA6_5/ross6_5.pdf">Playing by the Rules</a>,
<a href="http://www.appdevadvisor.co.uk/">Application Development Advisor</a> 6(5), June 2002, 38-43.
  </li>
  <li>
Michael Schroeder and Gerd Wagner (Eds.): <a href="http://CEUR-WS.org/Vol-60/">Proceedings of the International
Workshop on  Rule Markup Languages for Business Rules on the Semantic Web</a>.
Sardinia, Italy, June 14, 2002. CEUR-WS Publication Vol-60.
  </li>
  <li>
Gerd Wagner: <a href="http://tmitwww.tm.tue.nl/staff/gwagner/myruleml/GRML.pdf">How to Design a General Rule Markup Language?</a>,  Invited Talk, Workshop XML Technologien für das Semantic Web (XSW 2002), Berlin, June 2002.
  </li>
</ul>
<h2><a name="Structure">Structure (Updated: 2003-06-07)</a></h2>

<ul>
  <li>
<b>RuleML</b>, Co-Chairs: <a href="http://www.cs.unb.ca/~boley/">Harold Boley</a> &amp; <a href="http://home.comcast.net/~stabet/">Said Tabet</a>
  </li>
  <li>
Reaction Rules Technical Group, Co-Chairs: <a href="http://tmitwww.tm.tue.nl/staff/gwagner/">Gerd Wagner</a> &amp; <a href="mailto:steve@enigmatec.net">Steve Ross-Talbot</a>
  </li>
  <li>
Ontology Combination Technical Group, Co-Chairs: <a href="http://ebusiness.mit.edu/bgrosof/">Benjamin Grosof</a> &amp; <a href="http://www.i-u.de/schools/eberhart/">Andreas Eberhart</a>
  </li>
  <li>
Defeasible Rules Technical Group, Co-Chairs: <a href="http://www.informatik.uni-bremen.de/~ga">Grigoris Antoniou</a> &amp; <a href="http://www.soi.city.ac.uk/~msch/">Michael Schroeder</a>
  </li>
  <li>
<a href="http://forum.semanticweb.org/">Frames, Objects, and RUle Markup (FORUM)</a> Technical Group, Co-Chairs: <a href="http://www.cs.sunysb.edu/~kifer">Michael Kifer</a> &amp; <a href="http://www.isi.edu/~stefan/">Stefan Decker</a>
  </li>
</ul>
<h2><a name="Contacts">Contacts</a></h2>

<p>
If you are interested to join the RuleML Initiative,
please send a link describing your
work related to rule markup to 
<a href="mailto: boley@informatik.uni-kl.de, stabet@attbi.com"><b>Harold Boley &amp; Said Tabet</b></a>;
same for general RuleML questions/suggestions.
Depending on your specific RuleML interests, you may also contact
some RuleML Technical Group (<a href="#Structure">select above</a>) or
some RuleML Participant (<a href="#Participants-Systems">select above</a>).
If necessary, you can also address all RuleML Participants
(<a href="mailto: leon@cs.mu.oz.au, adi@il.ibm.com, sommer@il.ibm.com, G.Wagner@tm.tue.nl, samir.rohatgi@mindbox.com, brian.sauk@mindbox.com, sven.seelig@smartbot-technologies.de, sml@smartbot-technologies.de, bgrosof@MIT.EDU, hychan@us.ibm.com, antoniou@ics.forth.gr, rwhalen@sybase.com, Darren.Damato@New-Era-of-Networks.com, jos.deroo.jd@belgium.agfa.com, jorallo@dsic.upv.es, ebonnet@genigraph.fr, gmolines@optechsoftware.com, onicolas@genigraph.fr, kifer@cs.stonybrook.edu, guizyang@cs.stonybrook.edu, Bruce.Spencer@nrc.ca, ejfried@ca.sandia.gov, Pei.Wang@temple.edu, Svatek@vse.cz, rauch@vse.cz, xlinv05@vse.cz, minsu@etri.re.kr, jcsohn@etri.re.kr, J.B.Dietrich@massey.ac.nz, sasa@galeb.etf.bg.ac.yu, e.motta@open.ac.uk, j.b.domingue@open.ac.uk, andreas.eberhart@i-u.de, drew.mcdermott@yale.edu, musen@SMI.Stanford.EDU, chris.roberts@east.sun.com, boley@informatik.uni-kl.de, steve@enigmatec.net, Beat.Schmid@unisg.ch, katia@cs.cmu.edu, paolucci+@ri.cmu.edu, stefan@db.stanford.edu, sintek@dfki.uni-kl.de, janma@ida.liu.se, david_ash99@yahoo.com, prabhakar_bhogaraju@yahoo.com, stabet@attbi.com, James_Liddle@Versata.com, Kamran_Yousaf@Versata.com, msch@soi.city.ac.uk, randerson@macgregor.ws, cd@di.fct.unl.pt, Francois.Bry@informatik.uni-muenchen.de, schaffer@informatik.uni-muenchen.de, nbassili@csd.auth.gr, vw@cs.ait.ac.th, ca@cs.ait.ac.th, jklee@kgsm.kaist.ac.kr"><b>RuleML distribution list</b></a>).
</p>
<br>
<p>
Site Contact:
<a href="http://www.cs.unb.ca/~boley/">Harold Boley</a>.
Page Version: 2003-12-03

<br><br><br>

      <a name="Practice-Preach"></a><small>&quot;Practice what you preach&quot;: XML source of this homepage at <a href="http://www.dfki.uni-kl.de/~boley/xslt/index.xml">index.xml</a> (<a href="http://www.dfki.uni-kl.de/~boley/xslt/index.xml.txt">index.xml.txt</a>);
      <br>
      transformed to HTML via the adaptation of <a href="http://www.dfki.uni-kl.de/~sintek/">Michael Sintek</a>'s SliML <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xslt">XSLT</a> stylesheet at <a href="http://www.dfki.uni-kl.de/~boley/xslt/homepage.xsl">homepage.xsl</a> (View | Page Source)
      </small>
</p>

<xhtml><a target="_self" href="http://xml.apache.org/cocoon/index.html"><img align="right" alt="Powered by Cocoon" border="0" hspace="4" src="cocoon-small.jpg" vspace="2"></a></xhtml>
  </body>
</html>