diff --git a/core/src/message/handlers/connection.rs b/core/src/message/handlers/connection.rs
index ce50764e2..d510b2792 100644
--- a/core/src/message/handlers/connection.rs
+++ b/core/src/message/handlers/connection.rs
@@ -927,58 +927,4 @@ pub mod tests {
 
         Ok(())
     }
-
-    #[tokio::test]
-    async fn test_already_connect_fixture() -> Result<()> {
-        // NodeA-NodeB-NodeC
-        let keys = gen_ordered_keys(3);
-        let (key1, key2, key3) = (keys[0], keys[1], keys[2]);
-        let (node1, _path1) = prepare_node(key1).await;
-        let (node2, _path2) = prepare_node(key2).await;
-        let (node3, _path3) = prepare_node(key3).await;
-        test_only_two_nodes_establish_connection(&node1, &node2).await?;
-        assert_no_more_msg(&node1, &node2, &node3).await;
-
-        test_only_two_nodes_establish_connection(&node3, &node2).await?;
-        assert_no_more_msg(&node1, &node2, &node3).await;
-        // Node 1 -- Node 2 -- Node 3
-        println!("node1 connect node2 twice here");
-        let _ = node1.connect(node3.did()).await.unwrap();
-        let _ = node1.connect(node3.did()).await.unwrap();
-        // ConnectNodeSend
-        let _ = node2.listen_once().await.unwrap();
-        let _ = node2.listen_once().await.unwrap();
-        // ConnectNodeSend
-        let _ = node3.listen_once().await.unwrap();
-        let _ = node3.listen_once().await.unwrap();
-        // ConnectNodeReport
-        // `self.push_pending_transport(&trans)?;`
-        let _ = node2.listen_once().await.unwrap();
-        let _ = node2.listen_once().await.unwrap();
-        // ConnectNodeReport
-        // self.register(&relay.sender(), transport).await
-        let _ = node1.listen_once().await.unwrap();
-        let _ = node1.listen_once().await.unwrap();
-        println!("wait for handshake here");
-        sleep(Duration::from_secs(3)).await;
-        // transport got from node1 for node3
-        // transport got from node3 for node
-        // JoinDHT twice here
-        let ev3 = node3.listen_once().await.unwrap().0;
-        assert!(matches!(ev3.data, Message::JoinDHT(_)));
-        let _ = node3.listen_once().await.is_none();
-
-        // JoinDHT twice here
-        let ev1 = node1.listen_once().await.unwrap().0;
-        assert!(matches!(ev1.data, Message::JoinDHT(_)));
-        let _ = node1.listen_once().await.is_none();
-
-        let t1_3 = node1.get_connection(node3.did()).unwrap();
-        assert!(t1_3.is_connected().await);
-
-        let t3_1 = node3.get_connection(node1.did()).unwrap();
-        assert!(t3_1.is_connected().await);
-
-        Ok(())
-    }
 }
diff --git a/core/src/swarm/impls.rs b/core/src/swarm/impls.rs
index e0ad7fc5e..d2179b695 100644
--- a/core/src/swarm/impls.rs
+++ b/core/src/swarm/impls.rs
@@ -331,12 +331,7 @@ impl ConnectionManager for Swarm {
     /// else try prepare offer and establish connection by dht.
     /// This function may returns a pending connection or connected connection.
     async fn connect(&self, did: Did) -> Result<Connection> {
-        if let Some(t) = self.get_and_check_connection(did).await {
-            return Ok(t);
-        }
-
         tracing::info!("Try connect Did {:?}", &did);
-
         let conn = self.new_connection(did).await?;
 
         let offer = conn.webrtc_create_offer().await.map_err(Error::Transport)?;
diff --git a/transport/src/connections/native_webrtc/mod.rs b/transport/src/connections/native_webrtc/mod.rs
index 120c05462..3e1855ff7 100644
--- a/transport/src/connections/native_webrtc/mod.rs
+++ b/transport/src/connections/native_webrtc/mod.rs
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ use std::time::Duration;
 
 use async_trait::async_trait;
 use bytes::Bytes;
+use dashmap::mapref::entry::Entry;
 use webrtc::data_channel::data_channel_message::DataChannelMessage;
 use webrtc::data_channel::data_channel_state::RTCDataChannelState;
 use webrtc::data_channel::RTCDataChannel;
@@ -142,6 +143,17 @@ impl SharedTransport for Transport<WebrtcConnection> {
     where
         CE: std::error::Error + Send + Sync + 'static,
     {
+        if let Ok(existed_conn) = self.get_connection(cid) {
+            if matches!(
+                existed_conn.webrtc_connection_state(),
+                WebrtcConnectionState::New
+                    | WebrtcConnectionState::Connecting
+                    | WebrtcConnectionState::Connected
+            ) {
+                return Err(Error::ConnectionAlreadyExists(cid.to_string()));
+            }
+        }
+
         //
         // Setup webrtc connection env
         //
@@ -221,7 +233,34 @@ impl SharedTransport for Transport<WebrtcConnection> {
         // Construct the Connection
         //
         let conn = WebrtcConnection::new(webrtc_conn, webrtc_data_channel);
-        self.connections.insert(cid.to_string(), conn.clone());
+
+        //
+        // Safely insert
+        //
+        // The implementation of match statement refers to Entry::insert in dashmap.
+        // An extra check is added to see if the connection is already connected.
+        // See also: https://docs.rs/dashmap/latest/dashmap/mapref/entry/enum.Entry.html#method.insert
+        //
+        let Some(entry) = self.connections.try_entry(cid.to_string()) else {
+            return Err(Error::ConnectionAlreadyExists(cid.to_string()));
+        };
+        match entry {
+            Entry::Occupied(mut entry) => {
+                let existed_conn = entry.get();
+                if matches!(
+                    existed_conn.webrtc_connection_state(),
+                    WebrtcConnectionState::New
+                        | WebrtcConnectionState::Connecting
+                        | WebrtcConnectionState::Connected
+                ) {
+                    return Err(Error::ConnectionAlreadyExists(cid.to_string()));
+                }
+
+                entry.insert(conn.clone());
+                entry.into_ref()
+            }
+            Entry::Vacant(entry) => entry.insert(conn.clone()),
+        };
 
         Ok(conn)
     }
diff --git a/transport/src/error.rs b/transport/src/error.rs
index 109841fd2..784664461 100644
--- a/transport/src/error.rs
+++ b/transport/src/error.rs
@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ pub enum Error {
     #[error("WebRTC local SDP generation error")]
     WebrtcLocalSdpGenerationError,
 
+    #[error("Connection {0} already exists")]
+    ConnectionAlreadyExists(String),
+
     #[error("Connection {0} not found, should handshake first")]
     ConnectionNotFound(String),
 }