Update and rename check_valid_ip_address.py to is_ip_v4_address_valid.py (TheAlgorithms#4665)

* Update and rename check_valid_ip_address.py to is_ip_v4_address_valid.py

New test cases that the algorithm must detect:
* [ ] an octet much bigger than 255
* [ ] an octet is negative
* [ ] number of octets is less than 4
* [ ] number of octets is greater than 4
* [ ] an octet is a letter

* updating DIRECTORY.md

* Add two more tests to is_ip_v4_address_valid.py

Co-authored-by: github-actions <${GITHUB_ACTOR}@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: John Law <[email protected]>

Author: 3 people

DIRECTORY.md

@@ -424,7 +424,6 @@
   * [Binomial Distribution](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/master/maths/binomial_distribution.py)
   * [Bisection](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/master/maths/bisection.py)
   * [Ceil](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/master/maths/ceil.py)
-  * [Check Valid Ip Address](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/master/maths/check_valid_ip_address.py)
   * [Chudnovsky Algorithm](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/master/maths/chudnovsky_algorithm.py)
   * [Collatz Sequence](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/master/maths/collatz_sequence.py)
   * [Combinations](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/master/maths/combinations.py)
@@ -454,6 +453,7 @@
   * [Greedy Coin Change](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/master/maths/greedy_coin_change.py)
   * [Hardy Ramanujanalgo](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/master/maths/hardy_ramanujanalgo.py)
   * [Integration By Simpson Approx](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/master/maths/integration_by_simpson_approx.py)
+  * [Is Ip V4 Address Valid](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/master/maths/is_ip_v4_address_valid.py)
   * [Is Square Free](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/master/maths/is_square_free.py)
   * [Jaccard Similarity](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/master/maths/jaccard_similarity.py)
   * [Kadanes](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/master/maths/kadanes.py)

maths/check_valid_ip_address.py

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+"""
+Is IP v4 address valid?
+A valid IP address must be four octets in the form of A.B.C.D,
+where A,B,C and D are numbers from 0-254
+for example: 192.168.23.1, 172.254.254.254 are valid IP address
+             192.168.255.0, 255.192.3.121 are invalid IP address
+"""
+
+
+def is_ip_v4_address_valid(ip_v4_address: str) -> bool:
+    """
+    print "Valid IP address" If IP is valid.
+    or
+    print "Invalid IP address" If IP is invalid.
+
+    >>> is_ip_v4_address_valid("192.168.0.23")
+    True
+
+    >>> is_ip_v4_address_valid("192.255.15.8")
+    False
+
+    >>> is_ip_v4_address_valid("172.100.0.8")
+    True
+
+    >>> is_ip_v4_address_valid("254.255.0.255")
+    False
+
+    >>> is_ip_v4_address_valid("1.2.33333333.4")
+    False
+
+    >>> is_ip_v4_address_valid("1.2.-3.4")
+    False
+
+    >>> is_ip_v4_address_valid("1.2.3")
+    False
+
+    >>> is_ip_v4_address_valid("1.2.3.4.5")
+    False
+
+    >>> is_ip_v4_address_valid("1.2.A.4")
+    False
+
+    >>> is_ip_v4_address_valid("0.0.0.0")
+    True
+
+    >>> is_ip_v4_address_valid("1.2.3.")
+    False
+    """
+    octets = [int(i) for i in ip_v4_address.split(".") if i.isdigit()]
+    return len(octets) == 4 and all(0 <= int(octet) <= 254 for octet in octets)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    ip = input().strip()
+    valid_or_invalid = "valid" if is_ip_v4_address_valid(ip) else "invalid"
+    print(f"{ip} is a {valid_or_invalid} IP v4 address.")