diff --git a/.readthedocs.yaml b/.readthedocs.yaml
index b528631..bb6f5b0 100644
--- a/.readthedocs.yaml
+++ b/.readthedocs.yaml
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ build:
       - pip install poetry==1.8.2
     post_install:
       # See https://docs.readthedocs.io/en/stable/build-customization.html#install-dependencies-with-poetry
-      - VIRTUAL_ENV=$READTHEDOCS_VIRTUALENV_PATH poetry install --without dev
+      - VIRTUAL_ENV=$READTHEDOCS_VIRTUALENV_PATH poetry install -E pydantic --without dev
       - VIRTUAL_ENV=$READTHEDOCS_VIRTUALENV_PATH poetry run python -m ipykernel install --user
 
 sphinx:
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 07afd4f..b97a9cf 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@ project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
 
 ## [Unreleased]
 
+### Added
+
+- If Pydantic is installed, parameter data classes automatically have Pydantic type
+  validation enabled.
+
 ### Changed
 
 - All `ParamData` objects now internally track the latest time that they or any of their
diff --git a/docs/parameter-data.md b/docs/parameter-data.md
index 9f5fd53..47a93c5 100644
--- a/docs/parameter-data.md
+++ b/docs/parameter-data.md
@@ -68,8 +68,8 @@ when building up dataclasses through inheritance.
 from dataclasses import field
 
 class KeywordOnlyParam(ParamDataclass, kw_only=True):
-    values: list[int] = field(default_factory=list)
     count: int
+    values: list[int] = field(default_factory=list)
 
 keyword_only_param = KeywordOnlyParam(count=123)
 keyword_only_param
@@ -162,6 +162,34 @@ nested_param.child_param.root is nested_param
 See [Type Mixins](#type-mixins) for information on how to get the parent and root
 properties to work better with static type checkers.
 
+### Type Validation
+
+If [Pydantic] is installed, parameter data classes will automatically be converted to
+[Pydantic data classes], enabling runtime type validation. Some [Pydantic configuration]
+have modified defaults; see {py:class}`ParamDataclass` for more information.
+
+Pydantic type validation will enforce type hints at runtime by raising an exception. For
+example:
+
+```{jupyter-execute}
+import pydantic
+
+try:
+    CustomParam(value="123")
+except pydantic.ValidationError as exception:
+    print(exception)
+```
+
+Type validation can be disabled for a particular parameter data class (and its subclasses)
+using the class keyword argument `type_validation`:
+
+```{jupyter-execute}
+class NoTypeValidationParam(CustomParam, type_validation=False):
+    pass
+
+NoTypeValidationParam(value="123")
+```
+
 ## Collections
 
 Ordinary lists and dictionaries can be used within parameter data; however, any
@@ -265,5 +293,7 @@ This does nothing to the functionality, but static type checkers will now know t
 [mutable default values]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/dataclasses.html#mutable-default-values
 [`@property`]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#property
 [`__post_init__`]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/dataclasses.html#post-init-processing
-[`abc.abc`]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/abc.html#abc.ABC
+[Pydantic]: https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/
+[Pydantic data classes]: https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/dataclasses/
+[Pydantic configuration]: https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/api/config/
 [`collections.abc`]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/collections.abc.html
diff --git a/paramdb/_database.py b/paramdb/_database.py
index 0023c65..f2de3d0 100644
--- a/paramdb/_database.py
+++ b/paramdb/_database.py
@@ -19,9 +19,9 @@
 try:
     from astropy.units import Quantity  # type: ignore
 
-    ASTROPY_INSTALLED = True
+    _ASTROPY_INSTALLED = True
 except ImportError:
-    ASTROPY_INSTALLED = False
+    _ASTROPY_INSTALLED = False
 
 T = TypeVar("T")
 SelectT = TypeVar("SelectT", bound=Select[Any])
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ def _to_dict(obj: Any) -> Any:
     class_full_name_dict = {CLASS_NAME_KEY: class_full_name}
     if isinstance(obj, datetime):
         return class_full_name_dict | {"isoformat": obj.isoformat()}
-    if ASTROPY_INSTALLED and isinstance(obj, Quantity):
+    if _ASTROPY_INSTALLED and isinstance(obj, Quantity):
         return class_full_name_dict | {"value": obj.value, "unit": str(obj.unit)}
     if isinstance(obj, ParamData):
         return {CLASS_NAME_KEY: type(obj).__name__} | obj.to_dict()
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ def _from_dict(json_dict: dict[str, Any]) -> Any:
     class_name = json_dict.pop(CLASS_NAME_KEY)
     if class_name == _full_class_name(datetime):
         return datetime.fromisoformat(json_dict["isoformat"]).astimezone()
-    if ASTROPY_INSTALLED and class_name == _full_class_name(Quantity):
+    if _ASTROPY_INSTALLED and class_name == _full_class_name(Quantity):
         return Quantity(**json_dict)
     param_class = get_param_class(class_name)
     if param_class is not None:
diff --git a/paramdb/_param_data/_dataclasses.py b/paramdb/_param_data/_dataclasses.py
index 30dd256..3dd248d 100644
--- a/paramdb/_param_data/_dataclasses.py
+++ b/paramdb/_param_data/_dataclasses.py
@@ -6,6 +6,14 @@
 from typing_extensions import Self, dataclass_transform
 from paramdb._param_data._param_data import ParamData
 
+try:
+    import pydantic
+    import pydantic.dataclasses
+
+    _PYDANTIC_INSTALLED = True
+except ImportError:
+    _PYDANTIC_INSTALLED = False
+
 
 @dataclass_transform()
 class ParamDataclass(ParamData):
@@ -20,32 +28,92 @@ class CustomParam(ParamDataclass):
             value2: int
 
 
-    Any keyword arguments given when creating a subclass are passed internally to the
-    standard ``@dataclass()`` decorator.
+    Any class keyword arguments (other than those described below) given when creating a
+    subclass are passed internally to the ``@dataclass()`` decorator.
+
+    If Pydantic is installed, then subclasses will have Pydantic runtime validation
+    enabled by default. This can be disabled using the class keyword argument
+    ``type_validation``. The following Pydantic configuration values are set by default:
+
+    - extra: ``'forbid'`` (forbid extra attributes)
+    - validate_assignment: ``True`` (validate on assignment as well as initialization)
+    - arbitrary_types_allowed: ``True`` (allow arbitrary type hints)
+    - strict: ``True`` (disable value coercion, e.g. '2' -> 2)
+    - validate_default: ``True`` (validate default values)
+
+    Pydantic configuration options can be updated using the class keyword argument
+    ``pydantic_config``, which will merge new options with the existing configuration.
+    See https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/api/config for full configuration options.
     """
 
-    __field_names: set[str]
+    __field_names: set[str]  # Data class field names
+    __type_validation: bool = True  # Whether to use Pydantic
+    __pydantic_config: pydantic.ConfigDict = {
+        "extra": "forbid",
+        "validate_assignment": True,
+        "arbitrary_types_allowed": True,
+        "strict": True,
+        "validate_default": True,
+    }
+
+    # Set in __init_subclass__() and used to set attributes within __setattr__()
+    # pylint: disable-next=unused-argument
+    def __base_setattr(self: Any, name: str, value: Any) -> None: ...
+
+    def __init_subclass__(
+        cls,
+        /,
+        type_validation: bool | None = None,
+        pydantic_config: pydantic.ConfigDict | None = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init_subclass__()  # kwargs are passed to dataclass constructor
+        if type_validation is not None:
+            cls.__type_validation = type_validation
+        if pydantic_config is not None:
+            # Merge new Pydantic config with the old one
+            cls.__pydantic_config = cls.__pydantic_config | pydantic_config
+        cls.__base_setattr = object.__setattr__  # type: ignore
+        if _PYDANTIC_INSTALLED and cls.__type_validation:
+            # Transform the class into a Pydantic data class, with custom handling for
+            # validate_assignment
+            pydantic.dataclasses.dataclass(
+                config=cls.__pydantic_config | {"validate_assignment": False}, **kwargs
+            )(cls)
+            if (
+                "validate_assignment" in cls.__pydantic_config
+                and cls.__pydantic_config["validate_assignment"]
+            ):
+                pydantic_validator = (
+                    pydantic.dataclasses.is_pydantic_dataclass(cls)
+                    and cls.__pydantic_validator__  # pylint: disable=no-member
+                )
+                if pydantic_validator:
+
+                    def __base_setattr(self: Any, name: str, value: Any) -> None:
+                        pydantic_validator.validate_assignment(self, name, value)
+
+                    cls.__base_setattr = __base_setattr  # type: ignore
+        else:
+            # Transform the class into a data class
+            dataclass(**kwargs)(cls)
+        cls.__field_names = (
+            {f.name for f in fields(cls)} if is_dataclass(cls) else set()
+        )
 
     # pylint: disable-next=unused-argument
     def __new__(cls, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Self:
         # Prevent instantiating ParamDataclass and call the superclass __init__() here
         # since __init__() will be overwritten by dataclass()
         if cls is ParamDataclass:
-            raise TypeError("only subclasses of ParamDataclass can be instantiated")
-        self = super(ParamDataclass, cls).__new__(cls)
-        super(ParamDataclass, self).__init__()  # pylint: disable=super-with-arguments
+            raise TypeError(
+                f"only subclasses of {ParamDataclass.__name__} can be instantiated"
+            )
+        self = super().__new__(cls)
+        super().__init__(self)
         return self
 
-    def __init_subclass__(cls, /, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
-        # Convert subclasses into dataclasses
-        super().__init_subclass__()  # kwargs are passed to dataclass constructor
-        dataclass(**kwargs)(cls)
-        cls.__field_names = (
-            {f.name for f in fields(cls)} if is_dataclass(cls) else set()
-        )
-
     def __post_init__(self) -> None:
-        # Called by the self.__init__() generated by dataclass()
         for field_name in self.__field_names:
             self._add_child(getattr(self, field_name))
 
@@ -61,12 +129,12 @@ def __setattr__(self, name: str, value: Any) -> None:
         # If this attribute is a Data Class field, update last updated and children
         if name in self.__field_names:
             old_value = getattr(self, name) if hasattr(self, name) else None
-            super().__setattr__(name, value)
+            self.__base_setattr(name, value)
             self._update_last_updated()
             self._remove_child(old_value)
             self._add_child(value)
             return
-        super().__setattr__(name, value)
+        self.__base_setattr(name, value)
 
     def _to_json(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
         if is_dataclass(self):
diff --git a/paramdb/_param_data/_param_data.py b/paramdb/_param_data/_param_data.py
index a195811..843fbf0 100644
--- a/paramdb/_param_data/_param_data.py
+++ b/paramdb/_param_data/_param_data.py
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ def get_param_class(class_name: str) -> type[ParamData] | None:
 class ParamData(ABC):
     """Abstract base class for all parameter data."""
 
-    __parent: ParamData | None = None
-    __last_updated: datetime
+    _parent: ParamData | None = None
+    _last_updated: datetime
 
     def __init_subclass__(cls, /, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
         super().__init_subclass__(**kwargs)
@@ -34,19 +34,17 @@ def __init_subclass__(cls, /, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
         _param_classes[cls.__name__] = cls
 
     def __init__(self) -> None:
-        self.__last_updated = datetime.now(timezone.utc).astimezone()
+        super().__setattr__("_last_updated", datetime.now(timezone.utc).astimezone())
 
     def _add_child(self, child: Any) -> None:
         """Add the given object as a child, if it is ``ParamData``."""
         if isinstance(child, ParamData):
-            # pylint: disable-next=protected-access,unused-private-member
-            child.__parent = self
+            super(ParamData, child).__setattr__("_parent", self)
 
     def _remove_child(self, child: Any) -> None:
         """Remove the given object as a child, if it is ``ParamData``."""
         if isinstance(child, ParamData):
-            # pylint: disable-next=protected-access,unused-private-member
-            child.__parent = None
+            super(ParamData, child).__setattr__("_parent", None)
 
     def _update_last_updated(self) -> None:
         """Update last updated for this object and its chain of parents."""
@@ -57,10 +55,10 @@ def _update_last_updated(self) -> None:
         # Continue up the chain of parents, stopping if we reach a last updated
         # timestamp that is more recent than the new one
         while current and not (
-            current.__last_updated and current.__last_updated >= new_last_updated
+            current._last_updated and current._last_updated >= new_last_updated
         ):
-            current.__last_updated = new_last_updated
-            current = current.__parent
+            super(ParamData, current).__setattr__("_last_updated", new_last_updated)
+            current = current._parent
 
     @abstractmethod
     def _to_json(self) -> Any:
@@ -91,7 +89,7 @@ def to_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
         Return a dictionary representation of this parameter data object, which can be
         used to reconstruct the object by passing it to :py:meth:`from_dict`.
         """
-        return {_LAST_UPDATED_KEY: self.last_updated, _DATA_KEY: self._to_json()}
+        return {_LAST_UPDATED_KEY: self._last_updated, _DATA_KEY: self._to_json()}
 
     @classmethod
     def from_dict(cls, data_dict: dict[str, Any]) -> Self:
@@ -100,14 +98,13 @@ def from_dict(cls, data_dict: dict[str, Any]) -> Self:
         ``json.loads()`` and originally constructed by :py:meth:`from_dict`.
         """
         param_data = cls._from_json(data_dict[_DATA_KEY])
-        # pylint: disable-next=protected-access,unused-private-member
-        param_data.__last_updated = data_dict[_LAST_UPDATED_KEY]
+        super().__setattr__(param_data, "_last_updated", data_dict[_LAST_UPDATED_KEY])
         return param_data
 
     @property
     def last_updated(self) -> datetime:
         """When any parameter within this parameter data was last updated."""
-        return self.__last_updated
+        return self._last_updated
 
     @property
     def parent(self) -> ParamData:
@@ -119,12 +116,12 @@ def parent(self) -> ParamData:
         Raises a ``ValueError`` if there is currently no parent, which can occur if the
         parent is still being initialized.
         """
-        if self.__parent is None:
+        if self._parent is None:
             raise ValueError(
                 f"'{type(self).__name__}' object has no parent, or its parent has not"
                 " been initialized yet"
             )
-        return self.__parent
+        return self._parent
 
     @property
     def root(self) -> ParamData:
@@ -134,6 +131,6 @@ def root(self) -> ParamData:
         """
         # pylint: disable=protected-access
         root = self
-        while root.__parent is not None:
-            root = root.__parent
+        while root._parent is not None:
+            root = root._parent
         return root
diff --git a/poetry.lock b/poetry.lock
index 432dc42..d38e63b 100644
--- a/poetry.lock
+++ b/poetry.lock
@@ -11,6 +11,17 @@ files = [
     {file = "alabaster-0.7.16.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:75a8b99c28a5dad50dd7f8ccdd447a121ddb3892da9e53d1ca5cca3106d58d65"},
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "annotated-types"
+version = "0.6.0"
+description = "Reusable constraint types to use with typing.Annotated"
+optional = true
+python-versions = ">=3.8"
+files = [
+    {file = "annotated_types-0.6.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:0641064de18ba7a25dee8f96403ebc39113d0cb953a01429249d5c7564666a43"},
+    {file = "annotated_types-0.6.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:563339e807e53ffd9c267e99fc6d9ea23eb8443c08f112651963e24e22f84a5d"},
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "appnope"
 version = "0.1.4"
@@ -90,13 +101,13 @@ test-all = ["astropy[test]", "coverage[toml]", "ipython (>=4.2)", "objgraph", "s
 
 [[package]]
 name = "astropy-iers-data"
-version = "0.2024.4.15.2.45.49"
+version = "0.2024.4.22.0.29.50"
 description = "IERS Earth Rotation and Leap Second tables for the astropy core package"
 optional = true
 python-versions = ">=3.8"
 files = [
-    {file = "astropy_iers_data-0.2024.4.15.2.45.49-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:3f2b1944be1d71fcd88728e217f21fd01a59455b2990684f953cfac9b5e2f739"},
-    {file = "astropy_iers_data-0.2024.4.15.2.45.49.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:97a36a65abd8a4723dc3353c739364f12855a2b92b0eda47ad81afd282559997"},
+    {file = "astropy_iers_data-0.2024.4.22.0.29.50-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:2986299dbeb0e4a5f1703d2aa6bba7a2fc860963e34bb2adf58f29bf79336ab5"},
+    {file = "astropy_iers_data-0.2024.4.22.0.29.50.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:f44afb60448016d9ebfc29c8212cf3a50724073a9a79530cc1be782f8db4d125"},
 ]
 
 [package.extras]
@@ -177,33 +188,33 @@ lxml = ["lxml"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "black"
-version = "24.4.0"
+version = "24.4.1"
 description = "The uncompromising code formatter."
 optional = false
 python-versions = ">=3.8"
 files = [
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-    {file = "black-24.4.0-cp310-cp310-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:e3a3a092b8b756c643fe45f4624dbd5a389f770a4ac294cf4d0fce6af86addaf"},
-    {file = "black-24.4.0-cp310-cp310-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:dae79397f367ac8d7adb6c779813328f6d690943f64b32983e896bcccd18cbad"},
-    {file = "black-24.4.0-cp310-cp310-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:71d998b73c957444fb7c52096c3843875f4b6b47a54972598741fe9a7f737fcb"},
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-    {file = "black-24.4.0-cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:5cd5b4f76056cecce3e69b0d4c228326d2595f506797f40b9233424e2524c070"},
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+optional = true
+python-versions = ">=3.8"
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+
 [[package]]
 name = "exceptiongroup"
 version = "1.2.1"
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 [package.dependencies]
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 [[package]]
 name = "platformdirs"
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 [[package]]
 name = "pluggy"
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+
+[package.extras]
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+
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 [[package]]
 name = "pyerfa"
 version = "2.0.1.4"
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 [[package]]
 name = "referencing"
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 files = [
-    {file = "referencing-0.34.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:d53ae300ceddd3169f1ffa9caf2cb7b769e92657e4fafb23d34b93679116dfd4"},
-    {file = "referencing-0.34.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:5773bd84ef41799a5a8ca72dc34590c041eb01bf9aa02632b4a973fb0181a844"},
+    {file = "referencing-0.35.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:8080727b30e364e5783152903672df9b6b091c926a146a759080b62ca3126cd6"},
+    {file = "referencing-0.35.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:191e936b0c696d0af17ad7430a3dc68e88bc11be6514f4757dc890f04ab05889"},
 ]
 
 [package.dependencies]
@@ -2394,13 +2530,13 @@ tests = ["cython", "littleutils", "pygments", "pytest", "typeguard"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tinycss2"
-version = "1.2.1"
+version = "1.3.0"
 description = "A tiny CSS parser"
 optional = false
-python-versions = ">=3.7"
+python-versions = ">=3.8"
 files = [
-    {file = "tinycss2-1.2.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:2b80a96d41e7c3914b8cda8bc7f705a4d9c49275616e886103dd839dfc847847"},
-    {file = "tinycss2-1.2.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:8cff3a8f066c2ec677c06dbc7b45619804a6938478d9d73c284b29d14ecb0627"},
+    {file = "tinycss2-1.3.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:54a8dbdffb334d536851be0226030e9505965bb2f30f21a4a82c55fb2a80fae7"},
+    {file = "tinycss2-1.3.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:152f9acabd296a8375fbca5b84c961ff95971fcfc32e79550c8df8e29118c54d"},
 ]
 
 [package.dependencies]
@@ -2408,7 +2544,7 @@ webencodings = ">=0.4"
 
 [package.extras]
 doc = ["sphinx", "sphinx_rtd_theme"]
-test = ["flake8", "isort", "pytest"]
+test = ["pytest", "ruff"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tomli"
@@ -2605,9 +2741,11 @@ cffi = {version = ">=1.11", markers = "platform_python_implementation == \"PyPy\
 cffi = ["cffi (>=1.11)"]
 
 [extras]
+all = ["astropy", "pydantic"]
 astropy = ["astropy"]
+pydantic = ["eval-type-backport", "pydantic"]
 
 [metadata]
 lock-version = "2.0"
 python-versions = "^3.9"
-content-hash = "04116a506de3dc9c681f0d63eeb47e265ef2a28b05bbf88e4a2861a00c301836"
+content-hash = "d8992fd81e719a3ca9539a7b4f081a522c4947da5de3b55961aab263d853aa49"
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 7c49b44..87beac9 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -17,9 +17,13 @@ typing-extensions = "^4.11.0"
 sqlalchemy = "^2.0.29"
 zstandard = "^0.22.0"
 astropy = { version = "^6.0.1", optional = true }
+pydantic = { version = "^2.7.0", optional = true }
+eval-type-backport = { version = "^0.2.0", optional = true }
 
 [tool.poetry.extras]
+all = ["astropy", "pydantic"]
 astropy = ["astropy"]
+pydantic = ["pydantic", "eval-type-backport"]
 
 [tool.poetry.group.dev.dependencies]
 mypy = "^1.9.0"
diff --git a/tests/_param_data/test_dataclasses.py b/tests/_param_data/test_dataclasses.py
index 07d913d..8ecf976 100644
--- a/tests/_param_data/test_dataclasses.py
+++ b/tests/_param_data/test_dataclasses.py
@@ -2,26 +2,47 @@
 
 from typing import Union
 from copy import deepcopy
+import pydantic
 import pytest
 from tests.helpers import (
     SimpleParam,
+    NoTypeValidationParam,
+    WithTypeValidationParam,
+    NoAssignmentValidationParam,
+    WithAssignmentValidationParam,
     SubclassParam,
     ComplexParam,
     capture_start_end_times,
 )
 from paramdb import ParamDataclass, ParamData
 
-ParamDataclassObject = Union[SimpleParam, SubclassParam, ComplexParam]
+ParamDataclassObject = Union[
+    SimpleParam,
+    NoTypeValidationParam,
+    WithTypeValidationParam,
+    NoAssignmentValidationParam,
+    WithAssignmentValidationParam,
+    SubclassParam,
+    ComplexParam,
+]
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(
     name="param_dataclass_object",
-    params=["simple_param", "subclass_param", "complex_param"],
+    params=[
+        "simple_param",
+        "no_type_validation_param",
+        "with_type_validation_param",
+        "no_assignment_validation_param",
+        "with_assignment_validation_param",
+        "subclass_param",
+        "complex_param",
+    ],
 )
 def fixture_param_dataclass_object(
     request: pytest.FixtureRequest,
 ) -> ParamDataclassObject:
-    """Parameter dataclass object."""
+    """Parameter data class object."""
     param_dataclass_object: ParamDataclassObject = deepcopy(
         request.getfixturevalue(request.param)
     )
@@ -41,7 +62,7 @@ def test_param_dataclass_get(
     param_dataclass_object: ParamDataclassObject, number: float, string: str
 ) -> None:
     """
-    Parameter dataclass properties can be accessed via dot notation and index brackets.
+    Parameter data class properties can be accessed via dot notation and index brackets.
     """
     assert param_dataclass_object.number == number
     assert param_dataclass_object.string == string
@@ -53,7 +74,7 @@ def test_param_dataclass_set(
     param_dataclass_object: ParamDataclassObject, number: float
 ) -> None:
     """
-    Parameter dataclass properties can be updated via dot notation and index brackets.
+    Parameter data class properties can be updated via dot notation and index brackets.
     """
     param_dataclass_object.number += 1
     assert param_dataclass_object.number == number + 1
@@ -65,7 +86,7 @@ def test_param_dataclass_set_last_updated(
     param_dataclass_object: ParamDataclassObject,
 ) -> None:
     """
-    A parameter dataclass object updates last updated timestamp when a field is set.
+    A parameter data class object updates last updated timestamp when a field is set.
     """
     with capture_start_end_times() as times:
         param_dataclass_object.number = 4.56
@@ -76,17 +97,18 @@ def test_param_dataclass_set_last_updated_non_field(
     param_dataclass_object: ParamDataclassObject,
 ) -> None:
     """
-    A parameter dataclass object does not update last updated timestamp when a non-field
-    parameter is set.
+    A parameter data class object does not update last updated timestamp when a
+    non-field parameter is set.
     """
     with capture_start_end_times() as times:
-        param_dataclass_object.non_field = 1.23
+        # Use ParamData's setattr function to bypass Pydantic validation
+        ParamData.__setattr__(param_dataclass_object, "non_field", 1.23)
     assert param_dataclass_object.last_updated.timestamp() < times.start
 
 
 def test_param_dataclass_init_parent(complex_param: ComplexParam) -> None:
     """
-    Parameter dataclass children correctly identify their parent after initialization.
+    Parameter data class children correctly identify their parent after initialization.
     """
     assert complex_param.simple_param is not None
     assert complex_param.param_list is not None
@@ -108,3 +130,90 @@ def test_param_dataclass_set_parent(
     complex_param.param_data = None
     with pytest.raises(ValueError):
         _ = param_data.parent
+
+
+def test_param_dataclass_init_wrong_type(
+    param_dataclass_object: ParamDataclassObject,
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Fails or succeeds to initialize a parameter object with a string value for a float
+    field, depending on whether type validation is enabled.
+    """
+    string = "123"  # Use a string of a number to make sure strict mode is enabled
+    param_dataclass_class = type(param_dataclass_object)
+    if param_dataclass_class is NoTypeValidationParam:
+        param = param_dataclass_class(number=string)  # type: ignore
+        assert param.number == string  # type: ignore
+    else:
+        with pytest.raises(pydantic.ValidationError) as exc_info:
+            param_dataclass_class(number=string)  # type: ignore
+        assert "Input should be a valid number" in str(exc_info.value)
+
+
+def test_param_dataclass_init_default_wrong_type() -> None:
+    """
+    Fails or succeeds to initialize a parameter object with a default value having the
+    wrong type
+    """
+
+    class DefaultWrongTypeParam(SimpleParam):
+        """Parameter data class with a default value having the wrong type."""
+
+        default_number: float = "123"  # type: ignore
+
+    with pytest.raises(pydantic.ValidationError) as exc_info:
+        DefaultWrongTypeParam()
+        assert "Input should be a valid number" in str(exc_info.value)
+
+
+def test_param_dataclass_init_extra(
+    param_dataclass_object: ParamDataclassObject, number: float
+) -> None:
+    """Fails to initialize a parameter object with an extra parameter."""
+    param_dataclass_class = type(param_dataclass_object)
+    exc_info: pytest.ExceptionInfo[Exception]
+    if param_dataclass_class is NoTypeValidationParam:
+        with pytest.raises(TypeError) as exc_info:
+            param_dataclass_class(extra=number)  # type: ignore
+        assert "__init__() got an unexpected keyword argument" in str(exc_info.value)
+    else:
+        with pytest.raises(pydantic.ValidationError) as exc_info:
+            param_dataclass_class(extra=number)  # type: ignore
+        assert "Unexpected keyword argument" in str(exc_info.value)
+
+
+def test_param_dataclass_assignment_wrong_type(
+    param_dataclass_object: ParamDataclassObject,
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Fails or succeeds to assign a string value to a float field, depending on whether
+    assignment validation is enabled.
+    """
+    string = "123"  # Use a string of a number to make sure strict mode is enabled
+    if isinstance(
+        param_dataclass_object, (NoTypeValidationParam, NoAssignmentValidationParam)
+    ):
+        param_dataclass_object.number = string  # type: ignore
+        assert param_dataclass_object.number == string  # type: ignore
+    else:
+        with pytest.raises(pydantic.ValidationError) as exc_info:
+            param_dataclass_object.number = string  # type: ignore
+        assert "Input should be a valid number" in str(exc_info.value)
+
+
+def test_param_dataclass_assignment_extra(
+    param_dataclass_object: ParamDataclassObject, number: float
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Fails or succeeds to assign an extra parameter, depending on whether assignment
+    validation is enabled.
+    """
+    if isinstance(
+        param_dataclass_object, (NoTypeValidationParam, NoAssignmentValidationParam)
+    ):
+        param_dataclass_object.extra = number
+        assert param_dataclass_object.extra == number  # type: ignore
+    else:
+        with pytest.raises(pydantic.ValidationError) as exc_info:
+            param_dataclass_object.extra = number
+        assert "Object has no attribute 'extra'" in str(exc_info.value)
diff --git a/tests/conftest.py b/tests/conftest.py
index 3fd6d0c..c9cf7e1 100644
--- a/tests/conftest.py
+++ b/tests/conftest.py
@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@
     DEFAULT_STRING,
     EmptyParam,
     SimpleParam,
+    NoTypeValidationParam,
+    WithTypeValidationParam,
+    NoAssignmentValidationParam,
+    WithAssignmentValidationParam,
     SubclassParam,
     ComplexParam,
     Times,
@@ -30,30 +34,68 @@ def fixture_string() -> str:
 
 @pytest.fixture(name="empty_param")
 def fixture_empty_param() -> EmptyParam:
-    """Empty parameter dataclass object."""
+    """Empty parameter data class object."""
     return EmptyParam()
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(name="simple_param")
 def fixture_simple_param(number: float, string: str) -> SimpleParam:
-    """Simple parameter dataclass object."""
+    """Simple parameter data class object."""
     return SimpleParam(number=number, string=string)
 
 
+@pytest.fixture(name="no_type_validation_param")
+def fixture_no_type_validation_param(
+    number: float, string: str
+) -> NoTypeValidationParam:
+    """Parameter data class object without type validation."""
+    return NoTypeValidationParam(number=number, string=string)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(name="with_type_validation_param")
+def fixture_with_type_validation_param(
+    number: float, string: str
+) -> WithTypeValidationParam:
+    """Parameter data class object type validation re-enabled."""
+    return WithTypeValidationParam(number=number, string=string)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(name="no_assignment_validation_param")
+def fixture_no_assignment_validation_param(
+    number: float, string: str
+) -> NoAssignmentValidationParam:
+    """Parameter data class object without assignment validation."""
+    return NoAssignmentValidationParam(number=number, string=string)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(name="with_assignment_validation_param")
+def fixture_with_assignment_validation_param(
+    number: float, string: str
+) -> WithAssignmentValidationParam:
+    """Parameter data class object with assignment validation re-enabled."""
+    return WithAssignmentValidationParam(number=number, string=string)
+
+
 @pytest.fixture(name="subclass_param")
 def fixture_subclass_param(number: float, string: str) -> SubclassParam:
-    """Parameter dataclass object that is a subclass of another parameter dataclass."""
+    """
+    Parameter data class object that is a subclass of another parameter data class.
+    """
     return SubclassParam(number=number, string=string, second_number=number)
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(name="complex_param")
 def fixture_complex_param(number: float, string: str) -> ComplexParam:
-    """Complex parameter dataclass object."""
+    """Complex parameter data class object."""
     return ComplexParam(
         number=number,
         string=string,
         empty_param=EmptyParam(),
         simple_param=SimpleParam(),
+        no_type_validation_param=NoTypeValidationParam(),
+        with_type_validation_param=WithTypeValidationParam(),
+        no_assignment_validation_param=NoAssignmentValidationParam(),
+        with_assignment_validation_param=WithAssignmentValidationParam(),
         subclass_param=SubclassParam(),
         complex_param=ComplexParam(),
         param_list=ParamList(),
@@ -69,6 +111,10 @@ def fixture_param_list_contents(number: float, string: str) -> list[Any]:
         string,
         EmptyParam(),
         SimpleParam(),
+        NoTypeValidationParam(),
+        WithTypeValidationParam(),
+        NoAssignmentValidationParam(),
+        WithAssignmentValidationParam(),
         SubclassParam(),
         ComplexParam(),
         ParamList(),
@@ -83,6 +129,10 @@ def fixture_param_dict_contents(
     string: str,
     empty_param: EmptyParam,
     simple_param: SimpleParam,
+    no_type_validation_param: NoTypeValidationParam,
+    with_type_validation_param: WithTypeValidationParam,
+    no_assignment_validation_param: NoAssignmentValidationParam,
+    with_assignment_validation_param: WithAssignmentValidationParam,
     subclass_param: SubclassParam,
     complex_param: ComplexParam,
 ) -> dict[str, Any]:
@@ -92,6 +142,10 @@ def fixture_param_dict_contents(
         "string": string,
         "empty_param": deepcopy(empty_param),
         "simple_param": deepcopy(simple_param),
+        "no_type_validation_param": deepcopy(no_type_validation_param),
+        "with_type_validation_param": deepcopy(with_type_validation_param),
+        "no_assignment_validation_param": deepcopy(no_assignment_validation_param),
+        "with_assignment_validation_param": deepcopy(with_assignment_validation_param),
         "subclass_param": deepcopy(subclass_param),
         "complex_param": deepcopy(complex_param),
         "param_list": ParamList(),
@@ -128,6 +182,8 @@ def fixture_param_dict(param_dict_contents: dict[str, Any]) -> ParamDict[Any]:
     params=[
         "empty_param",
         "simple_param",
+        "no_type_validation_param",
+        "no_assignment_validation_param",
         "subclass_param",
         "complex_param",
         "empty_param_list",
diff --git a/tests/helpers.py b/tests/helpers.py
index d747ada..49403fa 100644
--- a/tests/helpers.py
+++ b/tests/helpers.py
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 from dataclasses import dataclass, field
 from contextlib import contextmanager
 import time
+import pydantic
 from astropy.units import Quantity  # type: ignore # pylint: disable=import-error
 from paramdb import ParamData, ParamDataclass, ParamList, ParamDict
 
@@ -18,11 +19,11 @@
 
 
 class EmptyParam(ParamDataclass):
-    """Empty parameter dataclass"""
+    """Empty parameter data class"""
 
 
 class SimpleParam(ParamDataclass):
-    """Simple parameter dataclass."""
+    """Simple parameter data class."""
 
     number: float = DEFAULT_NUMBER
     number_init_false: float = field(init=False, default=DEFAULT_NUMBER)
@@ -30,14 +31,34 @@ class SimpleParam(ParamDataclass):
     string: str = DEFAULT_STRING
 
 
+class NoTypeValidationParam(SimpleParam, type_validation=False):
+    """Parameter dataclass without type validation."""
+
+
+class WithTypeValidationParam(SimpleParam, type_validation=True):
+    """Parameter dataclass with type validation re-enabled."""
+
+
+class NoAssignmentValidationParam(
+    SimpleParam, pydantic_config=pydantic.ConfigDict(validate_assignment=False)
+):
+    """Parameter dataclass without assignment validation."""
+
+
+class WithAssignmentValidationParam(
+    SimpleParam, pydantic_config=pydantic.ConfigDict(validate_assignment=True)
+):
+    """Parameter dataclass with assignment validation re-enabled."""
+
+
 class SubclassParam(SimpleParam):
-    """Parameter dataclass that is a subclass of another parameter dataclass."""
+    """Parameter data class that is a subclass of another parameter data class."""
 
     second_number: float = DEFAULT_NUMBER
 
 
 class ComplexParam(ParamDataclass):
-    """Complex parameter dataclass."""
+    """Complex parameter data class."""
 
     number: float = DEFAULT_NUMBER
     number_init_false: float = field(init=False, default=DEFAULT_NUMBER)
@@ -46,6 +67,10 @@ class ComplexParam(ParamDataclass):
     dict: dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
     empty_param: EmptyParam | None = None
     simple_param: SimpleParam | None = None
+    no_type_validation_param: NoTypeValidationParam | None = None
+    with_type_validation_param: WithTypeValidationParam | None = None
+    no_assignment_validation_param: NoAssignmentValidationParam | None = None
+    with_assignment_validation_param: WithAssignmentValidationParam | None = None
     subclass_param: SubclassParam | None = None
     complex_param: ComplexParam | None = None
     param_list: ParamList[Any] = field(default_factory=ParamList)