Added licensing documentation to the repository.

This change attempts to clarify the licensing position held by the
PHP-FIG group. To do so it-

1. Assigns the MIT license to code,
2. Assigns the CC-BY 3.0 license to documentation,
3. Provides text of those licenses,
4. Updates the bylaws to express these policies,
5. Updates the "Contributing" document with these policies.

Author: tedivm

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -8,3 +8,12 @@ etc. Only PHP-FIG Voting Members can start or participate in votes, but the
 discussion and formation stages involve everyone.
 
 See the [PHP-FIG FAQ](http://www.php-fig.org/faq/) for more information.
+
+# Licensing
+
+By contributing your code you agree to license your contribution under the MIT
+license.
+
+By contributing documentation, examples, or any other non-code assets you agree
+to license your contribution under the CC BY 2.0 license. Attribution shall be
+given according to the current bylaws of this group.

LICENSE-CC.md

@@ -0,0 +1,319 @@
+Creative Commons Legal Code
+
+Attribution 3.0 Unported
+
+    CREATIVE COMMONS CORPORATION IS NOT A LAW FIRM AND DOES NOT PROVIDE
+    LEGAL SERVICES. DISTRIBUTION OF THIS LICENSE DOES NOT CREATE AN
+    ATTORNEY-CLIENT RELATIONSHIP. CREATIVE COMMONS PROVIDES THIS
+    INFORMATION ON AN "AS-IS" BASIS. CREATIVE COMMONS MAKES NO WARRANTIES
+    REGARDING THE INFORMATION PROVIDED, AND DISCLAIMS LIABILITY FOR
+    DAMAGES RESULTING FROM ITS USE.
+
+License
+
+THE WORK (AS DEFINED BELOW) IS PROVIDED UNDER THE TERMS OF THIS CREATIVE
+COMMONS PUBLIC LICENSE ("CCPL" OR "LICENSE"). THE WORK IS PROTECTED BY
+COPYRIGHT AND/OR OTHER APPLICABLE LAW. ANY USE OF THE WORK OTHER THAN AS
+AUTHORIZED UNDER THIS LICENSE OR COPYRIGHT LAW IS PROHIBITED.
+
+BY EXERCISING ANY RIGHTS TO THE WORK PROVIDED HERE, YOU ACCEPT AND AGREE
+TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS OF THIS LICENSE. TO THE EXTENT THIS LICENSE MAY
+BE CONSIDERED TO BE A CONTRACT, THE LICENSOR GRANTS YOU THE RIGHTS
+CONTAINED HERE IN CONSIDERATION OF YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF SUCH TERMS AND
+CONDITIONS.
+
+1. Definitions
+
+ a. "Adaptation" means a work based upon the Work, or upon the Work and
+    other pre-existing works, such as a translation, adaptation,
+    derivative work, arrangement of music or other alterations of a
+    literary or artistic work, or phonogram or performance and includes
+    cinematographic adaptations or any other form in which the Work may be
+    recast, transformed, or adapted including in any form recognizably
+    derived from the original, except that a work that constitutes a
+    Collection will not be considered an Adaptation for the purpose of
+    this License. For the avoidance of doubt, where the Work is a musical
+    work, performance or phonogram, the synchronization of the Work in
+    timed-relation with a moving image ("synching") will be considered an
+    Adaptation for the purpose of this License.
+ b. "Collection" means a collection of literary or artistic works, such as
+    encyclopedias and anthologies, or performances, phonograms or
+    broadcasts, or other works or subject matter other than works listed
+    in Section 1(f) below, which, by reason of the selection and
+    arrangement of their contents, constitute intellectual creations, in
+    which the Work is included in its entirety in unmodified form along
+    with one or more other contributions, each constituting separate and
+    independent works in themselves, which together are assembled into a
+    collective whole. A work that constitutes a Collection will not be
+    considered an Adaptation (as defined above) for the purposes of this
+    License.
+ c. "Distribute" means to make available to the public the original and
+    copies of the Work or Adaptation, as appropriate, through sale or
+    other transfer of ownership.
+ d. "Licensor" means the individual, individuals, entity or entities that
+    offer(s) the Work under the terms of this License.
+ e. "Original Author" means, in the case of a literary or artistic work,
+    the individual, individuals, entity or entities who created the Work
+    or if no individual or entity can be identified, the publisher; and in
+    addition (i) in the case of a performance the actors, singers,
+    musicians, dancers, and other persons who act, sing, deliver, declaim,
+    play in, interpret or otherwise perform literary or artistic works or
+    expressions of folklore; (ii) in the case of a phonogram the producer
+    being the person or legal entity who first fixes the sounds of a
+    performance or other sounds; and, (iii) in the case of broadcasts, the
+    organization that transmits the broadcast.
+ f. "Work" means the literary and/or artistic work offered under the terms
+    of this License including without limitation any production in the
+    literary, scientific and artistic domain, whatever may be the mode or
+    form of its expression including digital form, such as a book,
+    pamphlet and other writing; a lecture, address, sermon or other work
+    of the same nature; a dramatic or dramatico-musical work; a
+    choreographic work or entertainment in dumb show; a musical
+    composition with or without words; a cinematographic work to which are
+    assimilated works expressed by a process analogous to cinematography;
+    a work of drawing, painting, architecture, sculpture, engraving or
+    lithography; a photographic work to which are assimilated works
+    expressed by a process analogous to photography; a work of applied
+    art; an illustration, map, plan, sketch or three-dimensional work
+    relative to geography, topography, architecture or science; a
+    performance; a broadcast; a phonogram; a compilation of data to the
+    extent it is protected as a copyrightable work; or a work performed by
+    a variety or circus performer to the extent it is not otherwise
+    considered a literary or artistic work.
+ g. "You" means an individual or entity exercising rights under this
+    License who has not previously violated the terms of this License with
+    respect to the Work, or who has received express permission from the
+    Licensor to exercise rights under this License despite a previous
+    violation.
+ h. "Publicly Perform" means to perform public recitations of the Work and
+    to communicate to the public those public recitations, by any means or
+    process, including by wire or wireless means or public digital
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+    members of the public may access these Works from a place and at a
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+    by any means or process and the communication to the public of the
+    performances of the Work, including by public digital performance; to
+    broadcast and rebroadcast the Work by any means including signs,
+    sounds or images.
+ i. "Reproduce" means to make copies of the Work by any means including
+    without limitation by sound or visual recordings and the right of
+    fixation and reproducing fixations of the Work, including storage of a
+    protected performance or phonogram in digital form or other electronic
+    medium.
+
+2. Fair Dealing Rights. Nothing in this License is intended to reduce,
+limit, or restrict any uses free from copyright or rights arising from
+limitations or exceptions that are provided for in connection with the
+copyright protection under copyright law or other applicable laws.
+
+3. License Grant. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License,
+Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive,
+perpetual (for the duration of the applicable copyright) license to
+exercise the rights in the Work as stated below:
+
+ a. to Reproduce the Work, to incorporate the Work into one or more
+    Collections, and to Reproduce the Work as incorporated in the
+    Collections;
+ b. to create and Reproduce Adaptations provided that any such Adaptation,
+    including any translation in any medium, takes reasonable steps to
+    clearly label, demarcate or otherwise identify that changes were made
+    to the original Work. For example, a translation could be marked "The
+    original work was translated from English to Spanish," or a
+    modification could indicate "The original work has been modified.";
+ c. to Distribute and Publicly Perform the Work including as incorporated
+    in Collections; and,
+ d. to Distribute and Publicly Perform Adaptations.
+ e. For the avoidance of doubt:
+
+     i. Non-waivable Compulsory License Schemes. In those jurisdictions in
+        which the right to collect royalties through any statutory or
+        compulsory licensing scheme cannot be waived, the Licensor
+        reserves the exclusive right to collect such royalties for any
+        exercise by You of the rights granted under this License;
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+        which the right to collect royalties through any statutory or
+        compulsory licensing scheme can be waived, the Licensor waives the
+        exclusive right to collect such royalties for any exercise by You
+        of the rights granted under this License; and,
+   iii. Voluntary License Schemes. The Licensor waives the right to
+        collect royalties, whether individually or, in the event that the
+        Licensor is a member of a collecting society that administers
+        voluntary licensing schemes, via that society, from any exercise
+        by You of the rights granted under this License.
+
+The above rights may be exercised in all media and formats whether now
+known or hereafter devised. The above rights include the right to make
+such modifications as are technically necessary to exercise the rights in
+other media and formats. Subject to Section 8(f), all rights not expressly
+granted by Licensor are hereby reserved.
+
+4. Restrictions. The license granted in Section 3 above is expressly made
+subject to and limited by the following restrictions:
+
+ a. You may Distribute or Publicly Perform the Work only under the terms
+    of this License. You must include a copy of, or the Uniform Resource
+    Identifier (URI) for, this License with every copy of the Work You
+    Distribute or Publicly Perform. You may not offer or impose any terms
+    on the Work that restrict the terms of this License or the ability of
+    the recipient of the Work to exercise the rights granted to that
+    recipient under the terms of the License. You may not sublicense the
+    Work. You must keep intact all notices that refer to this License and
+    to the disclaimer of warranties with every copy of the Work You
+    Distribute or Publicly Perform. When You Distribute or Publicly
+    Perform the Work, You may not impose any effective technological
+    measures on the Work that restrict the ability of a recipient of the
+    Work from You to exercise the rights granted to that recipient under
+    the terms of the License. This Section 4(a) applies to the Work as
+    incorporated in a Collection, but this does not require the Collection
+    apart from the Work itself to be made subject to the terms of this
+    License. If You create a Collection, upon notice from any Licensor You
+    must, to the extent practicable, remove from the Collection any credit
+    as required by Section 4(b), as requested. If You create an
+    Adaptation, upon notice from any Licensor You must, to the extent
+    practicable, remove from the Adaptation any credit as required by
+    Section 4(b), as requested.
+ b. If You Distribute, or Publicly Perform the Work or any Adaptations or
+    Collections, You must, unless a request has been made pursuant to
+    Section 4(a), keep intact all copyright notices for the Work and
+    provide, reasonable to the medium or means You are utilizing: (i) the
+    name of the Original Author (or pseudonym, if applicable) if supplied,
+    and/or if the Original Author and/or Licensor designate another party
+    or parties (e.g., a sponsor institute, publishing entity, journal) for
+    attribution ("Attribution Parties") in Licensor's copyright notice,
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+    extent reasonably practicable, the URI, if any, that Licensor
+    specifies to be associated with the Work, unless such URI does not
+    refer to the copyright notice or licensing information for the Work;
+    and (iv) , consistent with Section 3(b), in the case of an Adaptation,
+    a credit identifying the use of the Work in the Adaptation (e.g.,
+    "French translation of the Work by Original Author," or "Screenplay
+    based on original Work by Original Author"). The credit required by
+    this Section 4 (b) may be implemented in any reasonable manner;
+    provided, however, that in the case of a Adaptation or Collection, at
+    a minimum such credit will appear, if a credit for all contributing
+    authors of the Adaptation or Collection appears, then as part of these
+    credits and in a manner at least as prominent as the credits for the
+    other contributing authors. For the avoidance of doubt, You may only
+    use the credit required by this Section for the purpose of attribution
+    in the manner set out above and, by exercising Your rights under this
+    License, You may not implicitly or explicitly assert or imply any
+    connection with, sponsorship or endorsement by the Original Author,
+    Licensor and/or Attribution Parties, as appropriate, of You or Your
+    use of the Work, without the separate, express prior written
+    permission of the Original Author, Licensor and/or Attribution
+    Parties.
+ c. Except as otherwise agreed in writing by the Licensor or as may be
+    otherwise permitted by applicable law, if You Reproduce, Distribute or
+    Publicly Perform the Work either by itself or as part of any
+    Adaptations or Collections, You must not distort, mutilate, modify or
+    take other derogatory action in relation to the Work which would be
+    prejudicial to the Original Author's honor or reputation. Licensor
+    agrees that in those jurisdictions (e.g. Japan), in which any exercise
+    of the right granted in Section 3(b) of this License (the right to
+    make Adaptations) would be deemed to be a distortion, mutilation,
+    modification or other derogatory action prejudicial to the Original
+    Author's honor and reputation, the Licensor will waive or not assert,
+    as appropriate, this Section, to the fullest extent permitted by the
+    applicable national law, to enable You to reasonably exercise Your
+    right under Section 3(b) of this License (right to make Adaptations)
+    but not otherwise.
+
+5. Representations, Warranties and Disclaimer
+
+UNLESS OTHERWISE MUTUALLY AGREED TO BY THE PARTIES IN WRITING, LICENSOR
+OFFERS THE WORK AS-IS AND MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY
+KIND CONCERNING THE WORK, EXPRESS, IMPLIED, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE,
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+WHETHER OR NOT DISCOVERABLE. SOME JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION
+OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES, SO SUCH EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
+
+6. Limitation on Liability. EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE
+LAW, IN NO EVENT WILL LICENSOR BE LIABLE TO YOU ON ANY LEGAL THEORY FOR
+ANY SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES
+ARISING OUT OF THIS LICENSE OR THE USE OF THE WORK, EVEN IF LICENSOR HAS
+BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
+
+7. Termination
+
+ a. This License and the rights granted hereunder will terminate
+    automatically upon any breach by You of the terms of this License.
+    Individuals or entities who have received Adaptations or Collections
+    from You under this License, however, will not have their licenses
+    terminated provided such individuals or entities remain in full
+    compliance with those licenses. Sections 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, and 8 will
+    survive any termination of this License.
+ b. Subject to the above terms and conditions, the license granted here is
+    perpetual (for the duration of the applicable copyright in the Work).
+    Notwithstanding the above, Licensor reserves the right to release the
+    Work under different license terms or to stop distributing the Work at
+    any time; provided, however that any such election will not serve to
+    withdraw this License (or any other license that has been, or is
+    required to be, granted under the terms of this License), and this
+    License will continue in full force and effect unless terminated as
+    stated above.
+
+8. Miscellaneous
+
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+    the Licensor offers to the recipient a license to the Work on the same
+    terms and conditions as the license granted to You under this License.
+ b. Each time You Distribute or Publicly Perform an Adaptation, Licensor
+    offers to the recipient a license to the original Work on the same
+    terms and conditions as the license granted to You under this License.
+ c. If any provision of this License is invalid or unenforceable under
+    applicable law, it shall not affect the validity or enforceability of
+    the remainder of the terms of this License, and without further action
+    by the parties to this agreement, such provision shall be reformed to
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+    for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (as amended on
+    September 28, 1979), the Rome Convention of 1961, the WIPO Copyright
+    Treaty of 1996, the WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty of 1996
+    and the Universal Copyright Convention (as revised on July 24, 1971).
+    These rights and subject matter take effect in the relevant
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+    applicable law.
+
+
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