From 2ee68f9af84c6baa36756ddbd45f715de326f7fd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Xpol Wan Date: Mon, 21 Oct 2019 22:58:38 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 1/3] Updated to lua-5.3.3. --- Makefile | 2 +- README.md | 2 +- dist.info | 2 +- doc/contents.html | 6 +- doc/lua.css | 5 + doc/manual.html | 441 +++++++++++++++++------------ doc/readme.html | 8 +- src/lapi.c | 48 ++-- src/lauxlib.c | 29 +- src/lbaselib.c | 11 +- src/lcode.c | 692 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------- src/lcode.h | 5 +- src/lcorolib.c | 4 +- src/ldebug.c | 18 +- src/ldo.c | 9 +- src/ldo.h | 4 +- src/lgc.c | 35 +-- src/lgc.h | 4 +- src/liolib.c | 19 +- src/llex.c | 35 +-- src/llex.h | 3 +- src/lobject.c | 86 ++++-- src/loslib.c | 91 +++--- src/lparser.c | 40 +-- src/lparser.h | 53 ++-- src/lstate.h | 15 +- src/lstrlib.c | 143 ++++++---- src/ltablib.c | 41 +-- src/ltm.c | 18 +- src/ltm.h | 5 +- src/lua.h | 10 +- src/lua.rc | 10 +- src/luac.rc | 10 +- src/luaconf.h.in | 4 +- src/luaconf.h.orig | 4 +- src/lvm.c | 105 ++++--- src/lvm.h | 31 +- 37 files changed, 1256 insertions(+), 792 deletions(-) diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile index e87e958c..c795dd79 100644 --- a/Makefile +++ b/Makefile @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ TO_MAN= lua.1 luac.1 # Lua version and release. V= 5.3 -R= $V.2 +R= $V.3 # Targets start here. all: $(PLAT) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index eb6247a4..e84d9acb 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -This is Lua 5.3.2, released on 25 Nov 2015. +This is Lua 5.3.3, released on 30 May 2016. For installation instructions, license details, and further information about Lua, see doc/readme.html. diff --git a/dist.info b/dist.info index b9987268..dc1d7ddc 100644 --- a/dist.info +++ b/dist.info @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ --- This file is part of LuaDist project name = "lua" -version = "5.3.2" +version = "5.3.3" desc = "Lua is a powerful, fast, light-weight, embeddable scripting language." author = "Roberto Ierusalimschy, Waldemar Celes, Luiz Henrique de Figueiredo" diff --git a/doc/contents.html b/doc/contents.html index 1272c59c..ca0f5682 100644 --- a/doc/contents.html +++ b/doc/contents.html @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@

-Copyright © 2015 Lua.org, PUC-Rio. +Copyright © 2015–2016 Lua.org, PUC-Rio. Freely available under the terms of the Lua license. @@ -608,10 +608,10 @@

constants

Last update: -Wed Jun 3 08:27:30 BRT 2015 +Thu Jan 14 10:14:28 BRST 2016

diff --git a/doc/lua.css b/doc/lua.css index eb20fecd..5bedf7eb 100644 --- a/doc/lua.css +++ b/doc/lua.css @@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ table hr { .footer { color: gray ; font-size: x-small ; + text-transform: lowercase ; } input[type=text] { @@ -157,3 +158,7 @@ table.book span { display: block ; margin-top: 0.25em ; } + +img { + background-color: white ; +} diff --git a/doc/manual.html b/doc/manual.html index 60c4c98b..5fb26b23 100644 --- a/doc/manual.html +++ b/doc/manual.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@

-Copyright © 2015 Lua.org, PUC-Rio. +Copyright © 2015–2016 Lua.org, PUC-Rio. Freely available under the terms of the Lua license. @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@

- + @@ -43,30 +43,47 @@

1 – Introduction

-Lua is an extension programming language designed to support -general procedural programming with data description -facilities. -Lua also offers good support for object-oriented programming, -functional programming, and data-driven programming. -Lua is intended to be used as a powerful, lightweight, -embeddable scripting language for any program that needs one. +Lua is a powerful, efficient, lightweight, embeddable scripting language. +It supports procedural programming, +object-oriented programming, functional programming, +data-driven programming, and data description. + + +

+Lua combines simple procedural syntax with powerful data description +constructs based on associative arrays and extensible semantics. +Lua is dynamically typed, +runs by interpreting bytecode with a register-based +virtual machine, +and has automatic memory management with +incremental garbage collection, +making it ideal for configuration, scripting, +and rapid prototyping. + + +

Lua is implemented as a library, written in clean C, the common subset of Standard C and C++. +The Lua distribution includes a host program called lua, +which uses the Lua library to offer a complete, +standalone Lua interpreter, +for interactive or batch use. +Lua is intended to be used both as a powerful, lightweight, +embeddable scripting language for any program that needs one, +and as a powerful but lightweight and efficient stand-alone language.

As an extension language, Lua has no notion of a "main" program: -it only works embedded in a host client, +it works embedded in a host client, called the embedding program or simply the host. +(Frequently, this host is the stand-alone lua program.) The host program can invoke functions to execute a piece of Lua code, can write and read Lua variables, and can register C functions to be called by Lua code. Through the use of C functions, Lua can be augmented to cope with a wide range of different domains, thus creating customized programming languages sharing a syntactical framework. -The Lua distribution includes a sample host program called lua, -which uses the Lua library to offer a complete, standalone Lua interpreter, -for interactive or batch use.

@@ -351,8 +368,8 @@

2.3 – Error Handling

When you use xpcall or lua_pcall, you may give a message handler to be called in case of errors. -This function is called with the original error message -and returns a new error message. +This function is called with the original error object +and returns a new error object. It is called before the error unwinds the stack, so that it can gather more information about the error, for instance by inspecting the stack and creating a stack traceback. @@ -382,16 +399,23 @@

2.4 – Metatables and Metamethods

-The keys in a metatable are derived from the event names; +The key for each event in a metatable is a string +with the event name prefixed by two underscores; the corresponding values are called metamethods. -In the previous example, the event is "add" +In the previous example, the key is "__add" and the metamethod is the function that performs the addition.

You can query the metatable of any value using the getmetatable function. +Lua queries metamethods in metatables using a raw access (see rawget). +So, to retrieve the metamethod for event ev in object o, +Lua does the equivalent to the following code: +

+     rawget(getmetatable(o) or {}, "__ev")
+

You can replace the metatable of tables @@ -420,18 +444,7 @@

2.4 – Metatables and Metamethods

-A detailed list of events controlled by metatables is given next. -Each operation is identified by its corresponding event name. -The key for each event is a string with its name prefixed by -two underscores, '__'; -for instance, the key for operation "add" is the -string "__add". -Note that queries for metamethods are always raw; -the access to a metamethod does not invoke other metamethods. - - -

-For the unary operators (negation, length, and bitwise not), +For the unary operators (negation, length, and bitwise NOT), the metamethod is computed and called with a dummy second operand, equal to the first one. This extra operand is only to simplify Lua's internals @@ -440,17 +453,21 @@

2.4 – Metatables and Metamethods

(For most uses this extra operand is irrelevant.) +

+A detailed list of events controlled by metatables is given next. +Each operation is identified by its corresponding key. + +

@@ -664,10 +666,19 @@

2.4 – Metatables and Metamethods

It is a good practice to add all needed metamethods to a table before setting it as a metatable of some object. -In particular, the "__gc" metamethod works only when this order +In particular, the __gc metamethod works only when this order is followed (see §2.5.1). +

+Because metatables are regular tables, +they can contain arbitrary fields, +not only the event names defined above. +Some functions in the standard library +(e.g., tostring) +use other fields in metatables for their own purposes. + + @@ -935,7 +946,7 @@

2.6 – Coroutines

coroutine.resume returns true, plus any values returned by the coroutine main function. In case of errors, coroutine.resume returns false -plus an error message. +plus an error object.

@@ -1168,7 +1179,7 @@

3.1 – Lexical Conventions

some control characters. So, it is safer to represent non-text data as a quoted literal with -explicit escape sequences for non-text characters. +explicit escape sequences for the non-text characters.

@@ -1201,9 +1212,11 @@

3.1 – Lexical Conventions

Hexadecimal constants also accept an optional fractional part plus an optional binary exponent, marked by a letter 'p' or 'P'. -A numeric constant with a fractional dot or an exponent +A numeric constant with a radix point or an exponent denotes a float; -otherwise it denotes an integer. +otherwise, +if its value fits in an integer, +it denotes an integer. Examples of valid integer constants are 
@@ -1794,7 +1807,7 @@ 
3.4 – Expressions

 relational operators (see §3.4.4), logical operators (see §3.4.5),
 and the concatenation operator (see §3.4.6).
 Unary operators comprise the unary minus (see §3.4.1),
-the unary bitwise not (see §3.4.2),
+the unary bitwise NOT (see §3.4.2),
 the unary logical not (see §3.4.5),
 and the unary length operator (see §3.4.7).
 
@@ -1908,12 +1921,12 @@ 
3.4.2 – Bitwise Operators

 Lua supports the following bitwise operators:
 
 

 
 

@@ -1983,6 +1996,13 @@ 
3.4.3 – Coercions and Conversions

 (e.g., the operation that forced the conversion).
 
 
+

+All conversions from strings to numbers 
+accept both a dot and the current locale mark
+as the radix character.
+(The Lua lexer, however, accepts only a dot.)
+
+
 

 The conversion from numbers to strings uses a
 non-specified human-readable format.
@@ -2792,7 +2812,7 @@ 
4.6 – Error Handling in C

 
 

 The panic function runs as if it were a message handler (see §2.3);
-in particular, the error message is at the top of the stack.
+in particular, the error object is at the top of the stack.
 However, there is no guarantee about stack space.
 To push anything on the stack,
 the panic function must first check the available space (see §4.2).
@@ -2974,8 +2994,11 @@ 
4.8 – Functions and Types

 The third field, x,
 tells whether the function may raise errors:
 '-' means the function never raises any error;
-'m' means the function may raise memory errors;
-'e' means the function may raise errors;
+'m' means the function may raise out-of-memory errors
+and errors running a __gc metamethod;
+'e' means the function may raise any errors
+(it can run arbitrary Lua code,
+either directly or through metamethods);
 'v' means the function may raise an error on purpose.
 
 
@@ -3102,10 +3125,10 @@ 
4.8 – Functions and Types

 
  • LUA_OPMOD:  performs modulo (%)
    • 
 
  • LUA_OPPOW:  performs exponentiation (^)
    • 
 
  • LUA_OPUNM:  performs mathematical negation (unary -)
    • 
-
  • LUA_OPBNOT:  performs bitwise negation (~)
    • 
-
  • LUA_OPBAND:  performs bitwise and (&)
    • 
-
  • LUA_OPBOR:  performs bitwise or (|)
    • 
-
  • LUA_OPBXOR:  performs bitwise exclusive or (~)
    • 
+
  • LUA_OPBNOT:  performs bitwise NOT (~)
    • 
+
  • LUA_OPBAND:  performs bitwise AND (&)
    • 
+
  • LUA_OPBOR:  performs bitwise OR (|)
    • 
+
  • LUA_OPBXOR:  performs bitwise exclusive OR (~)
    • 
 
  • LUA_OPSHL:  performs left shift (<<)
    • 
 
  • LUA_OPSHR:  performs right shift (>>)
    • 
 
@@ -3424,7 +3447,7 @@ 
    4.8 – Functions and Types
    
 
 
 
    lua_gc
    
-[-0, +0, e]
+[-0, +0, m]
 
    int lua_gc (lua_State *L, int what, int data);
    
 
 
    
@@ -3919,7 +3942,7 @@ 
    4.8 – Functions and Types
    
 syntax error during precompilation;
 
 
  • LUA_ERRMEM: 
-memory allocation error;
    • 
+memory allocation (out-of-memory) error;
 
 
  • LUA_ERRGCMM: 
 error while running a __gc metamethod.
@@ -4128,7 +4151,7 @@ 
    4.8 – Functions and Types
    
 lua_pcall behaves exactly like lua_call.
 However, if there is any error,
 lua_pcall catches it,
-pushes a single value on the stack (the error message),
+pushes a single value on the stack (the error object),
 and returns an error code.
 Like lua_call,
 lua_pcall always removes the function
@@ -4137,20 +4160,20 @@ 
    4.8 – Functions and Types
    
 
 
    
 If msgh is 0,
-then the error message returned on the stack
-is exactly the original error message.
+then the error object returned on the stack
+is exactly the original error object.
 Otherwise, msgh is the stack index of a
 message handler.
 (This index cannot be a pseudo-index.)
 In case of runtime errors,
-this function will be called with the error message
-and its return value will be the message
+this function will be called with the error object
+and its return value will be the object
 returned on the stack by lua_pcall.
 
 
 
    
 Typically, the message handler is used to add more debug
-information to the error message, such as a stack traceback.
+information to the error object, such as a stack traceback.
 Such information cannot be gathered after the return of lua_pcall,
 since by then the stack has unwound.
 
@@ -4284,7 +4307,7 @@ 
    4.8 – Functions and Types
    
 
 
 
    lua_pushfstring
    
-[-0, +1, m]
+[-0, +1, e]
 
    const char *lua_pushfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...);
    
 
 
    
@@ -4317,6 +4340,12 @@ 
    4.8 – Functions and Types
    
 
 
 
+
    
+Unlike other push functions,
+this function checks for the stack space it needs,
+including the slot for its result.
+
+
 
 
 
@@ -4486,7 +4515,7 @@ 
    4.8 – Functions and Types
    
 
    
 Returns 1 if the two values in indices index1 and
 index2 are primitively equal
-(that is, without calling metamethods).
+(that is, without calling the __eq metamethod).
 Otherwise returns 0.
 Also returns 0 if any of the indices are not valid.
 
@@ -4513,8 +4542,8 @@ 
    4.8 – Functions and Types
    
 
    
 Pushes onto the stack the value t[n],
 where t is the table at the given index.
-The access is raw;
-that is, it does not invoke metamethods.
+The access is raw,
+that is, it does not invoke the __index metamethod.
 
 
 
    
@@ -4533,7 +4562,7 @@ 
    4.8 – Functions and Types
    
 where t is the table at the given index and
 k is the pointer p represented as a light userdata.
 The access is raw;
-that is, it does not invoke metamethods.
+that is, it does not invoke the __index metamethod.
 
 
 
    
@@ -4584,8 +4613,8 @@ 
    4.8 – Functions and Types
    
 
 
    
 This function pops the value from the stack.
-The assignment is raw;
-that is, it does not invoke metamethods.
+The assignment is raw,
+that is, it does not invoke the __newindex metamethod.
 
 
 
@@ -4604,8 +4633,8 @@ 
    4.8 – Functions and Types
    
 
 
    
 This function pops the value from the stack.
-The assignment is raw;
-that is, it does not invoke metamethods.
+The assignment is raw,
+that is, it does not invoke __newindex metamethod.
 
 
 
@@ -4704,7 +4733,7 @@ 
    4.8 – Functions and Types
    
 In case of errors,
 the stack is not unwound,
 so you can use the debug API over it.
-The error message is on the top of the stack.
+The error object is on the top of the stack.
 
 
 
    
@@ -5179,11 +5208,13 @@ 
    4.8 – Functions and Types
    
 
 
 
    lua_version
    
-[-0, +0, v]
+[-0, +0, –]
 
    const lua_Number *lua_version (lua_State *L);
    
 
 
    
-Returns the address of the version number stored in the Lua core.
+Returns the address of the version number
+(a C static variable)
+stored in the Lua core.
 When called with a valid lua_State,
 returns the address of the version used to create that state.
 When called with NULL,
@@ -5287,9 +5318,9 @@ 
    4.8 – Functions and Types
    
 it continues executing the continuation function.
 However, there is one special case,
 which is when this function is called
-from inside a line hook (see §4.9).
+from inside a line or a count hook (see §4.9).
 In that case, lua_yieldk should be called with no continuation
-(probably in the form of lua_yield),
+(probably in the form of lua_yield) and no results,
 and the hook should return immediately after the call.
 Lua will yield and,
 when the coroutine resumes again,
@@ -5704,7 +5735,7 @@ 
    4.9 – The Debug Interface
    
 
    
 Argument f is the hook function.
 mask specifies on which events the hook will be called:
-it is formed by a bitwise or of the constants
+it is formed by a bitwise OR of the constants
 LUA_MASKCALL,
 LUA_MASKRET,
 LUA_MASKLINE,
@@ -6256,7 +6287,7 @@ 
    5.1 – Functions and Types
    
 
 
 
    luaL_checkversion
    
-[-0, +0, –]
+[-0, +0, v]
 
    void luaL_checkversion (lua_State *L);
    
 
 
    
@@ -6472,7 +6503,7 @@ 
    5.1 – Functions and Types
    
 
 
 
    luaL_loadfile
    
-[-0, +1, e]
+[-0, +1, m]
 
    int luaL_loadfile (lua_State *L, const char *filename);
    
 
 
    
@@ -6483,7 +6514,7 @@ 
    5.1 – Functions and Types
    
 
 
 
    luaL_loadfilex
    
-[-0, +1, e]
+[-0, +1, m]
 
    int luaL_loadfilex (lua_State *L, const char *filename,
                                             const char *mode);
    
 
@@ -6634,6 +6665,27 @@ 
    5.1 – Functions and Types
    
 
 
 
+
    luaL_opt
    
+[-0, +0, e]
+
    T luaL_opt (L, func, arg, dflt);
    
+
+
    
+This macro is defined as follows:
+
+
    +     (lua_isnoneornil(L,(arg)) ? (dflt) : func(L,(arg)))
+
    
+In words, if the argument arg is nil or absent,
+the macro results in the default dflt.
+Otherwise, it results in the result of calling func
+with the state L and the argument index arg as
+parameters.
+Note that it evaluates the expression dflt only if needed.
+
+
+
+
+
 
    luaL_optinteger
    
 [-0, +0, v]
 
    lua_Integer luaL_optinteger (lua_State *L,
@@ -6931,7 +6983,7 @@ 
    5.1 – Functions and Types
    
 
 
 
    
-If the value has a metatable with a "__tostring" field,
+If the value has a metatable with a __tostring field,
 then luaL_tolstring calls the corresponding metamethod
 with the value as argument,
 and uses the result of the call as its result.
@@ -7220,7 +7272,7 @@ 
    6.1 – Basic Functions
    
 
    
 If object does not have a metatable, returns nil.
 Otherwise,
-if the object's metatable has a "__metatable" field,
+if the object's metatable has a __metatable field,
 returns the associated value.
 Otherwise, returns the metatable of the given object.
 
@@ -7424,7 +7476,7 @@ 
    6.1 – Basic Functions
    
 
    
 
    rawequal (v1, v2)
    
 Checks whether v1 is equal to v2,
-without invoking any metamethod.
+without invoking the __eq metamethod.
 Returns a boolean.
 
 
@@ -7433,7 +7485,7 @@ 
    6.1 – Basic Functions
    
 
    
 
    rawget (table, index)
    
 Gets the real value of table[index],
-without invoking any metamethod.
+without invoking the __index metamethod.
 table must be a table;
 index may be any value.
 
@@ -7444,7 +7496,7 @@ 
    6.1 – Basic Functions
    
 
    rawlen (v)
    
 Returns the length of the object v,
 which must be a table or a string,
-without invoking any metamethod.
+without invoking the __len metamethod.
 Returns an integer.
 
 
@@ -7453,7 +7505,7 @@ 
    6.1 – Basic Functions
    
 
    
 
    rawset (table, index, value)
    
 Sets the real value of table[index] to value,
-without invoking any metamethod.
+without invoking the __newindex metamethod.
 table must be a table,
 index any value different from nil and NaN,
 and value any Lua value.
@@ -7489,7 +7541,7 @@ 
    6.1 – Basic Functions
    
 you must use the debug library (§6.10).)
 If metatable is nil,
 removes the metatable of the given table.
-If the original metatable has a "__metatable" field,
+If the original metatable has a __metatable field,
 raises an error.
 
 
@@ -7541,7 +7593,7 @@ 
    6.1 – Basic Functions
    
 
 
 
    
-If the metatable of v has a "__tostring" field,
+If the metatable of v has a __tostring field,
 then tostring calls the corresponding value
 with v as argument,
 and uses the result of the call as its result.
@@ -8184,6 +8236,9 @@ 
    6.4 – String Manipulation
    
 *, h, L, l, n,
 and p are not supported
 and that there is an extra option, q.
+
+
+
    
 The q option formats a string between double quotes,
 using escape sequences when necessary to ensure that
 it can safely be read back by the Lua interpreter.
@@ -8206,7 +8261,12 @@ 
    6.4 – String Manipulation
    
 Options c, d,
 i, o, u, X, and x
 expect an integer.
-Option q expects a string.
+When Lua is compiled with a C89 compiler,
+options A and a (hexadecimal floats)
+do not support any modifier (flags, width, length).
+
+
+
    
 Option s expects a string;
 if its argument is not a string,
 it is converted to one following the same rules of tostring.
@@ -8214,12 +8274,6 @@ 
    6.4 – String Manipulation
    
 the string argument should not contain embedded zeros.
 
 
-
    
-When Lua is compiled with a non-C99 compiler,
-options A and a (hexadecimal floats)
-do not support any modifier (flags, width, length).
-
-
 
 
 
    
@@ -8547,6 +8601,14 @@ 
    Character Class:
    
 the lowercase letters plus the '-' character.
 
 
+
    
+You can put a closing square bracket in a set
+by positioning it as the first character in the set.
+You can put an hyphen in a set
+by positioning it as the first or the last character in the set.
+(You can also use an escape for both cases.)
+
+
 
    
 The interaction between ranges and classes is not defined.
 Therefore, patterns like [%a-z] or [a-%%]
@@ -8925,8 +8987,8 @@ 
    6.6 – Table Manipulation
    
 
 
 
    
-Moves elements from table a1 to table a2.
-This function performs the equivalent to the following
+Moves elements from table a1 to table a2,
+performing the equivalent to the following
 multiple assignment:
 a2[t],··· = a1[f],···,a1[e].
 The default for a2 is a1.
@@ -8934,6 +8996,10 @@ 
    6.6 – Table Manipulation
    
 The number of elements to be moved must fit in a Lua integer.
 
 
+
    
+Returns the destination table a2.
+
+
 
 
 
    
@@ -9457,8 +9523,8 @@ 
    6.8 – Input and Output Facilities
    
 
    
 This function opens a file,
 in the mode specified in the string mode.
-It returns a new file handle,
-or, in case of errors, nil plus an error message.
+In case of success,
+it returns a new file handle.
 
 
 
    
@@ -9523,7 +9589,8 @@ 
    6.8 – Input and Output Facilities
    
 
 
 
    
-Returns a handle for a temporary file.
+In case of success,
+returns a handle for a temporary file.
 This file is opened in update mode
 and it is automatically removed when the program ends.
 
@@ -9801,8 +9868,8 @@ 
    6.9 – Operating System Facilities
    
 then date returns a table with the following fields:
 year, month (1–12), day (1–31),
 hour (0–23), min (0–59), sec (0–61),
-wday (weekday, Sunday is 1),
-yday (day of the year),
+wday (weekday, 1–7, Sunday is 1),
+yday (day of the year, 1–366),
 and isdst (daylight saving flag, a boolean).
 This last field may be absent
 if the information is not available.
@@ -10504,6 +10571,14 @@ 
    7 – Lua Standalone
    
 by issuing a different prompt.
 
 
+
    
+If the global variable _PROMPT contains a string,
+then its value is used as the prompt.
+Similarly, if the global variable _PROMPT2 contains a string,
+its value is used as the secondary prompt
+(issued during incomplete statements).
+
+
 
    
 In case of unprotected errors in the script,
 the interpreter reports the error to the standard error stream.
@@ -10825,10 +10900,10 @@ 
    9 – The Complete Syntax of Lua
    
 
 
    
 Last update:
-Wed Nov 25 15:19:10 BRST 2015
+Mon May 30 13:11:08 BRT 2016
 
    
 
 
 
diff --git a/doc/readme.html b/doc/readme.html
index 152246f9..6629304d 100644
--- a/doc/readme.html
+++ b/doc/readme.html
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ 
    Main changes
    
 
    Language
    
 
      
 
    •  userdata can have any Lua value as uservalue
-
    •  integer division
+
    •  floor division
 
    •  more flexible rules for some metamethods
 
    
 
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ 
    License
    
 this.
 
 
    
-Copyright © 1994–2015 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
+Copyright © 1994–2016 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
 
 
    
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
@@ -355,10 +355,10 @@ 
    License
    
 
 
    
 Last update:
-Mon Jun  1 21:48:24 BRT 2015
+Tue Feb  2 22:25:27 BRST 2016
 
    
 
 
 
diff --git a/src/lapi.c b/src/lapi.c
index 9a6a3fbd..c9455a5d 100644
--- a/src/lapi.c
+++ b/src/lapi.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lapi.c,v 2.257 2015/11/02 18:48:07 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lapi.c,v 2.259 2016/02/29 14:27:14 roberto Exp $
 ** Lua API
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -378,9 +378,9 @@ LUA_API const char *lua_tolstring (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len) {
       return NULL;
     }
     lua_lock(L);  /* 'luaO_tostring' may create a new string */
+    luaO_tostring(L, o);
     luaC_checkGC(L);
     o = index2addr(L, idx);  /* previous call may reallocate the stack */
-    luaO_tostring(L, o);
     lua_unlock(L);
   }
   if (len != NULL)
@@ -479,10 +479,10 @@ LUA_API void lua_pushinteger (lua_State *L, lua_Integer n) {
 LUA_API const char *lua_pushlstring (lua_State *L, const char *s, size_t len) {
   TString *ts;
   lua_lock(L);
-  luaC_checkGC(L);
   ts = (len == 0) ? luaS_new(L, "") : luaS_newlstr(L, s, len);
   setsvalue2s(L, L->top, ts);
   api_incr_top(L);
+  luaC_checkGC(L);
   lua_unlock(L);
   return getstr(ts);
 }
@@ -494,12 +494,12 @@ LUA_API const char *lua_pushstring (lua_State *L, const char *s) {
     setnilvalue(L->top);
   else {
     TString *ts;
-    luaC_checkGC(L);
     ts = luaS_new(L, s);
     setsvalue2s(L, L->top, ts);
     s = getstr(ts);  /* internal copy's address */
   }
   api_incr_top(L);
+  luaC_checkGC(L);
   lua_unlock(L);
   return s;
 }
@@ -509,8 +509,8 @@ LUA_API const char *lua_pushvfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt,
                                       va_list argp) {
   const char *ret;
   lua_lock(L);
-  luaC_checkGC(L);
   ret = luaO_pushvfstring(L, fmt, argp);
+  luaC_checkGC(L);
   lua_unlock(L);
   return ret;
 }
@@ -520,10 +520,10 @@ LUA_API const char *lua_pushfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...) {
   const char *ret;
   va_list argp;
   lua_lock(L);
-  luaC_checkGC(L);
   va_start(argp, fmt);
   ret = luaO_pushvfstring(L, fmt, argp);
   va_end(argp);
+  luaC_checkGC(L);
   lua_unlock(L);
   return ret;
 }
@@ -538,7 +538,6 @@ LUA_API void lua_pushcclosure (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction fn, int n) {
     CClosure *cl;
     api_checknelems(L, n);
     api_check(L, n <= MAXUPVAL, "upvalue index too large");
-    luaC_checkGC(L);
     cl = luaF_newCclosure(L, n);
     cl->f = fn;
     L->top -= n;
@@ -549,6 +548,7 @@ LUA_API void lua_pushcclosure (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction fn, int n) {
     setclCvalue(L, L->top, cl);
   }
   api_incr_top(L);
+  luaC_checkGC(L);
   lua_unlock(L);
 }
 
@@ -585,16 +585,16 @@ LUA_API int lua_pushthread (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 static int auxgetstr (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, const char *k) {
-  const TValue *aux;
+  const TValue *slot;
   TString *str = luaS_new(L, k);
-  if (luaV_fastget(L, t, str, aux, luaH_getstr)) {
-    setobj2s(L, L->top, aux);
+  if (luaV_fastget(L, t, str, slot, luaH_getstr)) {
+    setobj2s(L, L->top, slot);
     api_incr_top(L);
   }
   else {
     setsvalue2s(L, L->top, str);
     api_incr_top(L);
-    luaV_finishget(L, t, L->top - 1, L->top - 1, aux);
+    luaV_finishget(L, t, L->top - 1, L->top - 1, slot);
   }
   lua_unlock(L);
   return ttnov(L->top - 1);
@@ -626,17 +626,17 @@ LUA_API int lua_getfield (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *k) {
 
 LUA_API int lua_geti (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n) {
   StkId t;
-  const TValue *aux;
+  const TValue *slot;
   lua_lock(L);
   t = index2addr(L, idx);
-  if (luaV_fastget(L, t, n, aux, luaH_getint)) {
-    setobj2s(L, L->top, aux);
+  if (luaV_fastget(L, t, n, slot, luaH_getint)) {
+    setobj2s(L, L->top, slot);
     api_incr_top(L);
   }
   else {
     setivalue(L->top, n);
     api_incr_top(L);
-    luaV_finishget(L, t, L->top - 1, L->top - 1, aux);
+    luaV_finishget(L, t, L->top - 1, L->top - 1, slot);
   }
   lua_unlock(L);
   return ttnov(L->top - 1);
@@ -683,12 +683,12 @@ LUA_API int lua_rawgetp (lua_State *L, int idx, const void *p) {
 LUA_API void lua_createtable (lua_State *L, int narray, int nrec) {
   Table *t;
   lua_lock(L);
-  luaC_checkGC(L);
   t = luaH_new(L);
   sethvalue(L, L->top, t);
   api_incr_top(L);
   if (narray > 0 || nrec > 0)
     luaH_resize(L, t, narray, nrec);
+  luaC_checkGC(L);
   lua_unlock(L);
 }
 
@@ -740,15 +740,15 @@ LUA_API int lua_getuservalue (lua_State *L, int idx) {
 ** t[k] = value at the top of the stack (where 'k' is a string)
 */
 static void auxsetstr (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, const char *k) {
-  const TValue *aux;
+  const TValue *slot;
   TString *str = luaS_new(L, k);
   api_checknelems(L, 1);
-  if (luaV_fastset(L, t, str, aux, luaH_getstr, L->top - 1))
+  if (luaV_fastset(L, t, str, slot, luaH_getstr, L->top - 1))
     L->top--;  /* pop value */
   else {
     setsvalue2s(L, L->top, str);  /* push 'str' (to make it a TValue) */
     api_incr_top(L);
-    luaV_finishset(L, t, L->top - 1, L->top - 2, aux);
+    luaV_finishset(L, t, L->top - 1, L->top - 2, slot);
     L->top -= 2;  /* pop value and key */
   }
   lua_unlock(L);  /* lock done by caller */
@@ -781,16 +781,16 @@ LUA_API void lua_setfield (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *k) {
 
 LUA_API void lua_seti (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n) {
   StkId t;
-  const TValue *aux;
+  const TValue *slot;
   lua_lock(L);
   api_checknelems(L, 1);
   t = index2addr(L, idx);
-  if (luaV_fastset(L, t, n, aux, luaH_getint, L->top - 1))
+  if (luaV_fastset(L, t, n, slot, luaH_getint, L->top - 1))
     L->top--;  /* pop value */
   else {
     setivalue(L->top, n);
     api_incr_top(L);
-    luaV_finishset(L, t, L->top - 1, L->top - 2, aux);
+    luaV_finishset(L, t, L->top - 1, L->top - 2, slot);
     L->top -= 2;  /* pop value and key */
   }
   lua_unlock(L);
@@ -1140,7 +1140,6 @@ LUA_API void lua_concat (lua_State *L, int n) {
   lua_lock(L);
   api_checknelems(L, n);
   if (n >= 2) {
-    luaC_checkGC(L);
     luaV_concat(L, n);
   }
   else if (n == 0) {  /* push empty string */
@@ -1148,6 +1147,7 @@ LUA_API void lua_concat (lua_State *L, int n) {
     api_incr_top(L);
   }
   /* else n == 1; nothing to do */
+  luaC_checkGC(L);
   lua_unlock(L);
 }
 
@@ -1183,10 +1183,10 @@ LUA_API void lua_setallocf (lua_State *L, lua_Alloc f, void *ud) {
 LUA_API void *lua_newuserdata (lua_State *L, size_t size) {
   Udata *u;
   lua_lock(L);
-  luaC_checkGC(L);
   u = luaS_newudata(L, size);
   setuvalue(L, L->top, u);
   api_incr_top(L);
+  luaC_checkGC(L);
   lua_unlock(L);
   return getudatamem(u);
 }
diff --git a/src/lauxlib.c b/src/lauxlib.c
index 5d362c35..bacf43b3 100644
--- a/src/lauxlib.c
+++ b/src/lauxlib.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lauxlib.c,v 1.284 2015/11/19 19:16:22 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lauxlib.c,v 1.286 2016/01/08 15:33:09 roberto Exp $
 ** Auxiliary functions for building Lua libraries
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@
 #include 
 
 
-/* This file uses only the official API of Lua.
+/*
+** This file uses only the official API of Lua.
 ** Any function declared here could be written as an application function.
 */
 
@@ -198,6 +199,10 @@ static void tag_error (lua_State *L, int arg, int tag) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** The use of 'lua_pushfstring' ensures this function does not
+** need reserved stack space when called.
+*/
 LUALIB_API void luaL_where (lua_State *L, int level) {
   lua_Debug ar;
   if (lua_getstack(L, level, &ar)) {  /* check function at level */
@@ -207,10 +212,15 @@ LUALIB_API void luaL_where (lua_State *L, int level) {
       return;
     }
   }
-  lua_pushliteral(L, "");  /* else, no information available... */
+  lua_pushfstring(L, "");  /* else, no information available... */
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Again, the use of 'lua_pushvfstring' ensures this function does
+** not need reserved stack space when called. (At worst, it generates
+** an error with "stack overflow" instead of the given message.)
+*/
 LUALIB_API int luaL_error (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...) {
   va_list argp;
   va_start(argp, fmt);
@@ -349,10 +359,15 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_checkoption (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *def,
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Ensures the stack has at least 'space' extra slots, raising an error
+** if it cannot fulfill the request. (The error handling needs a few
+** extra slots to format the error message. In case of an error without
+** this extra space, Lua will generate the same 'stack overflow' error,
+** but without 'msg'.)
+*/
 LUALIB_API void luaL_checkstack (lua_State *L, int space, const char *msg) {
-  /* keep some extra space to run error routines, if needed */
-  const int extra = LUA_MINSTACK;
-  if (!lua_checkstack(L, space + extra)) {
+  if (!lua_checkstack(L, space)) {
     if (msg)
       luaL_error(L, "stack overflow (%s)", msg);
     else
@@ -678,7 +693,7 @@ static int skipcomment (LoadF *lf, int *cp) {
   if (c == '#') {  /* first line is a comment (Unix exec. file)? */
     do {  /* skip first line */
       c = getc(lf->f);
-    } while (c != EOF && c != '\n') ;
+    } while (c != EOF && c != '\n');
     *cp = getc(lf->f);  /* skip end-of-line, if present */
     return 1;  /* there was a comment */
   }
diff --git a/src/lbaselib.c b/src/lbaselib.c
index 861823d8..d481c4e1 100644
--- a/src/lbaselib.c
+++ b/src/lbaselib.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lbaselib.c,v 1.312 2015/10/29 15:21:04 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lbaselib.c,v 1.313 2016/04/11 19:18:40 roberto Exp $
 ** Basic library
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -102,8 +102,8 @@ static int luaB_tonumber (lua_State *L) {
 static int luaB_error (lua_State *L) {
   int level = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 1);
   lua_settop(L, 1);
-  if (lua_isstring(L, 1) && level > 0) {  /* add extra information? */
-    luaL_where(L, level);
+  if (lua_type(L, 1) == LUA_TSTRING && level > 0) {
+    luaL_where(L, level);   /* add extra information */
     lua_pushvalue(L, 1);
     lua_concat(L, 2);
   }
@@ -251,9 +251,8 @@ static int ipairsaux (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 /*
-** This function will use either 'ipairsaux' or 'ipairsaux_raw' to
-** traverse a table, depending on whether the table has metamethods
-** that can affect the traversal.
+** 'ipairs' function. Returns 'ipairsaux', given "table", 0.
+** (The given "table" may not be a table.)
 */
 static int luaB_ipairs (lua_State *L) {
 #if defined(LUA_COMPAT_IPAIRS)
diff --git a/src/lcode.c b/src/lcode.c
index 7c6918fd..2cd0dd2d 100644
--- a/src/lcode.c
+++ b/src/lcode.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lcode.c,v 2.103 2015/11/19 19:16:22 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lcode.c,v 2.109 2016/05/13 19:09:21 roberto Exp $
 ** Code generator for Lua
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -36,6 +36,10 @@
 #define hasjumps(e)	((e)->t != (e)->f)
 
 
+/*
+** If expression is a numeric constant, fills 'v' with its value
+** and returns 1. Otherwise, returns 0.
+*/
 static int tonumeral(expdesc *e, TValue *v) {
   if (hasjumps(e))
     return 0;  /* not a numeral */
@@ -51,13 +55,19 @@ static int tonumeral(expdesc *e, TValue *v) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Create a OP_LOADNIL instruction, but try to optimize: if the previous
+** instruction is also OP_LOADNIL and ranges are compatible, adjust
+** range of previous instruction instead of emitting a new one. (For
+** instance, 'local a; local b' will generate a single opcode.)
+*/
 void luaK_nil (FuncState *fs, int from, int n) {
   Instruction *previous;
   int l = from + n - 1;  /* last register to set nil */
   if (fs->pc > fs->lasttarget) {  /* no jumps to current position? */
     previous = &fs->f->code[fs->pc-1];
-    if (GET_OPCODE(*previous) == OP_LOADNIL) {
-      int pfrom = GETARG_A(*previous);
+    if (GET_OPCODE(*previous) == OP_LOADNIL) {  /* previous is LOADNIL? */
+      int pfrom = GETARG_A(*previous);  /* get previous range */
       int pl = pfrom + GETARG_B(*previous);
       if ((pfrom <= from && from <= pl + 1) ||
           (from <= pfrom && pfrom <= l + 1)) {  /* can connect both? */
@@ -73,37 +83,84 @@ void luaK_nil (FuncState *fs, int from, int n) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Gets the destination address of a jump instruction. Used to traverse
+** a list of jumps.
+*/ 
+static int getjump (FuncState *fs, int pc) {
+  int offset = GETARG_sBx(fs->f->code[pc]);
+  if (offset == NO_JUMP)  /* point to itself represents end of list */
+    return NO_JUMP;  /* end of list */
+  else
+    return (pc+1)+offset;  /* turn offset into absolute position */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Fix jump instruction at position 'pc' to jump to 'dest'.
+** (Jump addresses are relative in Lua)
+*/
+static void fixjump (FuncState *fs, int pc, int dest) {
+  Instruction *jmp = &fs->f->code[pc];
+  int offset = dest - (pc + 1);
+  lua_assert(dest != NO_JUMP);
+  if (abs(offset) > MAXARG_sBx)
+    luaX_syntaxerror(fs->ls, "control structure too long");
+  SETARG_sBx(*jmp, offset);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Concatenate jump-list 'l2' into jump-list 'l1'
+*/
+void luaK_concat (FuncState *fs, int *l1, int l2) {
+  if (l2 == NO_JUMP) return;  /* nothing to concatenate? */
+  else if (*l1 == NO_JUMP)  /* no original list? */
+    *l1 = l2;  /* 'l1' points to 'l2' */
+  else {
+    int list = *l1;
+    int next;
+    while ((next = getjump(fs, list)) != NO_JUMP)  /* find last element */
+      list = next;
+    fixjump(fs, list, l2);  /* last element links to 'l2' */
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Create a jump instruction and return its position, so its destination
+** can be fixed later (with 'fixjump'). If there are jumps to
+** this position (kept in 'jpc'), link them all together so that
+** 'patchlistaux' will fix all them directly to the final destination.
+*/
 int luaK_jump (FuncState *fs) {
   int jpc = fs->jpc;  /* save list of jumps to here */
   int j;
-  fs->jpc = NO_JUMP;
+  fs->jpc = NO_JUMP;  /* no more jumps to here */
   j = luaK_codeAsBx(fs, OP_JMP, 0, NO_JUMP);
   luaK_concat(fs, &j, jpc);  /* keep them on hold */
   return j;
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Code a 'return' instruction
+*/
 void luaK_ret (FuncState *fs, int first, int nret) {
   luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_RETURN, first, nret+1, 0);
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Code a "conditional jump", that is, a test or comparison opcode
+** followed by a jump. Return jump position.
+*/
 static int condjump (FuncState *fs, OpCode op, int A, int B, int C) {
   luaK_codeABC(fs, op, A, B, C);
   return luaK_jump(fs);
 }
 
 
-static void fixjump (FuncState *fs, int pc, int dest) {
-  Instruction *jmp = &fs->f->code[pc];
-  int offset = dest-(pc+1);
-  lua_assert(dest != NO_JUMP);
-  if (abs(offset) > MAXARG_sBx)
-    luaX_syntaxerror(fs->ls, "control structure too long");
-  SETARG_sBx(*jmp, offset);
-}
-
-
 /*
 ** returns current 'pc' and marks it as a jump target (to avoid wrong
 ** optimizations with consecutive instructions not in the same basic block).
@@ -114,15 +171,11 @@ int luaK_getlabel (FuncState *fs) {
 }
 
 
-static int getjump (FuncState *fs, int pc) {
-  int offset = GETARG_sBx(fs->f->code[pc]);
-  if (offset == NO_JUMP)  /* point to itself represents end of list */
-    return NO_JUMP;  /* end of list */
-  else
-    return (pc+1)+offset;  /* turn offset into absolute position */
-}
-
-
+/*
+** Returns the position of the instruction "controlling" a given
+** jump (that is, its condition), or the jump itself if it is
+** unconditional.
+*/
 static Instruction *getjumpcontrol (FuncState *fs, int pc) {
   Instruction *pi = &fs->f->code[pc];
   if (pc >= 1 && testTMode(GET_OPCODE(*(pi-1))))
@@ -133,37 +186,41 @@ static Instruction *getjumpcontrol (FuncState *fs, int pc) {
 
 
 /*
-** check whether list has any jump that do not produce a value
-** (or produce an inverted value)
+** Patch destination register for a TESTSET instruction.
+** If instruction in position 'node' is not a TESTSET, return 0 ("fails").
+** Otherwise, if 'reg' is not 'NO_REG', set it as the destination
+** register. Otherwise, change instruction to a simple 'TEST' (produces
+** no register value)
 */
-static int need_value (FuncState *fs, int list) {
-  for (; list != NO_JUMP; list = getjump(fs, list)) {
-    Instruction i = *getjumpcontrol(fs, list);
-    if (GET_OPCODE(i) != OP_TESTSET) return 1;
-  }
-  return 0;  /* not found */
-}
-
-
 static int patchtestreg (FuncState *fs, int node, int reg) {
   Instruction *i = getjumpcontrol(fs, node);
   if (GET_OPCODE(*i) != OP_TESTSET)
     return 0;  /* cannot patch other instructions */
   if (reg != NO_REG && reg != GETARG_B(*i))
     SETARG_A(*i, reg);
-  else  /* no register to put value or register already has the value */
+  else {
+     /* no register to put value or register already has the value;
+        change instruction to simple test */
     *i = CREATE_ABC(OP_TEST, GETARG_B(*i), 0, GETARG_C(*i));
-
+  }
   return 1;
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Traverse a list of tests ensuring no one produces a value
+*/
 static void removevalues (FuncState *fs, int list) {
   for (; list != NO_JUMP; list = getjump(fs, list))
       patchtestreg(fs, list, NO_REG);
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Traverse a list of tests, patching their destination address and
+** registers: tests producing values jump to 'vtarget' (and put their
+** values in 'reg'), other tests jump to 'dtarget'.
+*/
 static void patchlistaux (FuncState *fs, int list, int vtarget, int reg,
                           int dtarget) {
   while (list != NO_JUMP) {
@@ -177,15 +234,35 @@ static void patchlistaux (FuncState *fs, int list, int vtarget, int reg,
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Ensure all pending jumps to current position are fixed (jumping
+** to current position with no values) and reset list of pending
+** jumps
+*/
 static void dischargejpc (FuncState *fs) {
   patchlistaux(fs, fs->jpc, fs->pc, NO_REG, fs->pc);
   fs->jpc = NO_JUMP;
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Add elements in 'list' to list of pending jumps to "here"
+** (current position)
+*/
+void luaK_patchtohere (FuncState *fs, int list) {
+  luaK_getlabel(fs);  /* mark "here" as a jump target */
+  luaK_concat(fs, &fs->jpc, list);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Path all jumps in 'list' to jump to 'target'.
+** (The assert means that we cannot fix a jump to a forward address
+** because we only know addresses once code is generated.)
+*/
 void luaK_patchlist (FuncState *fs, int list, int target) {
-  if (target == fs->pc)
-    luaK_patchtohere(fs, list);
+  if (target == fs->pc)  /* 'target' is current position? */
+    luaK_patchtohere(fs, list);  /* add list to pending jumps */
   else {
     lua_assert(target < fs->pc);
     patchlistaux(fs, list, target, NO_REG, target);
@@ -193,39 +270,26 @@ void luaK_patchlist (FuncState *fs, int list, int target) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Path all jumps in 'list' to close upvalues up to given 'level'
+** (The assertion checks that jumps either were closing nothing
+** or were closing higher levels, from inner blocks.)
+*/
 void luaK_patchclose (FuncState *fs, int list, int level) {
   level++;  /* argument is +1 to reserve 0 as non-op */
-  while (list != NO_JUMP) {
-    int next = getjump(fs, list);
+  for (; list != NO_JUMP; list = getjump(fs, list)) {
     lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(fs->f->code[list]) == OP_JMP &&
                 (GETARG_A(fs->f->code[list]) == 0 ||
                  GETARG_A(fs->f->code[list]) >= level));
     SETARG_A(fs->f->code[list], level);
-    list = next;
-  }
-}
-
-
-void luaK_patchtohere (FuncState *fs, int list) {
-  luaK_getlabel(fs);
-  luaK_concat(fs, &fs->jpc, list);
-}
-
-
-void luaK_concat (FuncState *fs, int *l1, int l2) {
-  if (l2 == NO_JUMP) return;
-  else if (*l1 == NO_JUMP)
-    *l1 = l2;
-  else {
-    int list = *l1;
-    int next;
-    while ((next = getjump(fs, list)) != NO_JUMP)  /* find last element */
-      list = next;
-    fixjump(fs, list, l2);
   }
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Emit instruction 'i', checking for array sizes and saving also its
+** line information. Return 'i' position.
+*/
 static int luaK_code (FuncState *fs, Instruction i) {
   Proto *f = fs->f;
   dischargejpc(fs);  /* 'pc' will change */
@@ -241,6 +305,10 @@ static int luaK_code (FuncState *fs, Instruction i) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Format and emit an 'iABC' instruction. (Assertions check consistency
+** of parameters versus opcode.)
+*/
 int luaK_codeABC (FuncState *fs, OpCode o, int a, int b, int c) {
   lua_assert(getOpMode(o) == iABC);
   lua_assert(getBMode(o) != OpArgN || b == 0);
@@ -250,6 +318,9 @@ int luaK_codeABC (FuncState *fs, OpCode o, int a, int b, int c) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Format and emit an 'iABx' instruction.
+*/
 int luaK_codeABx (FuncState *fs, OpCode o, int a, unsigned int bc) {
   lua_assert(getOpMode(o) == iABx || getOpMode(o) == iAsBx);
   lua_assert(getCMode(o) == OpArgN);
@@ -258,12 +329,20 @@ int luaK_codeABx (FuncState *fs, OpCode o, int a, unsigned int bc) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Emit an "extra argument" instruction (format 'iAx')
+*/
 static int codeextraarg (FuncState *fs, int a) {
   lua_assert(a <= MAXARG_Ax);
   return luaK_code(fs, CREATE_Ax(OP_EXTRAARG, a));
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Emit a "load constant" instruction, using either 'OP_LOADK'
+** (if constant index 'k' fits in 18 bits) or an 'OP_LOADKX'
+** instruction with "extra argument".
+*/
 int luaK_codek (FuncState *fs, int reg, int k) {
   if (k <= MAXARG_Bx)
     return luaK_codeABx(fs, OP_LOADK, reg, k);
@@ -275,6 +354,10 @@ int luaK_codek (FuncState *fs, int reg, int k) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Check register-stack level, keeping track of its maximum size
+** in field 'maxstacksize'
+*/
 void luaK_checkstack (FuncState *fs, int n) {
   int newstack = fs->freereg + n;
   if (newstack > fs->f->maxstacksize) {
@@ -286,12 +369,20 @@ void luaK_checkstack (FuncState *fs, int n) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Reserve 'n' registers in register stack
+*/
 void luaK_reserveregs (FuncState *fs, int n) {
   luaK_checkstack(fs, n);
   fs->freereg += n;
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Free register 'reg', if it is neither a constant index nor
+** a local variable.
+)
+*/
 static void freereg (FuncState *fs, int reg) {
   if (!ISK(reg) && reg >= fs->nactvar) {
     fs->freereg--;
@@ -300,6 +391,9 @@ static void freereg (FuncState *fs, int reg) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Free register used by expression 'e' (if any)
+*/
 static void freeexp (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
   if (e->k == VNONRELOC)
     freereg(fs, e->u.info);
@@ -307,8 +401,29 @@ static void freeexp (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
 
 
 /*
+** Free registers used by expressions 'e1' and 'e2' (if any) in proper
+** order.
+*/
+static void freeexps (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) {
+  int r1 = (e1->k == VNONRELOC) ? e1->u.info : -1;
+  int r2 = (e2->k == VNONRELOC) ? e2->u.info : -1;
+  if (r1 > r2) {
+    freereg(fs, r1);
+    freereg(fs, r2);
+  }
+  else {
+    freereg(fs, r2);
+    freereg(fs, r1);
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Add constant 'v' to prototype's list of constants (field 'k').
 ** Use scanner's table to cache position of constants in constant list
-** and try to reuse constants
+** and try to reuse constants. Because some values should not be used
+** as keys (nil cannot be a key, integer keys can collapse with float
+** keys), the caller must provide a useful 'key' for indexing the cache.
 */
 static int addk (FuncState *fs, TValue *key, TValue *v) {
   lua_State *L = fs->ls->L;
@@ -337,17 +452,21 @@ static int addk (FuncState *fs, TValue *key, TValue *v) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Add a string to list of constants and return its index.
+*/
 int luaK_stringK (FuncState *fs, TString *s) {
   TValue o;
   setsvalue(fs->ls->L, &o, s);
-  return addk(fs, &o, &o);
+  return addk(fs, &o, &o);  /* use string itself as key */
 }
 
 
 /*
-** Integers use userdata as keys to avoid collision with floats with same
-** value; conversion to 'void*' used only for hashing, no "precision"
-** problems
+** Add an integer to list of constants and return its index.
+** Integers use userdata as keys to avoid collision with floats with
+** same value; conversion to 'void*' is used only for hashing, so there
+** are no "precision" problems.
 */
 int luaK_intK (FuncState *fs, lua_Integer n) {
   TValue k, o;
@@ -356,21 +475,29 @@ int luaK_intK (FuncState *fs, lua_Integer n) {
   return addk(fs, &k, &o);
 }
 
-
+/*
+** Add a float to list of constants and return its index.
+*/
 static int luaK_numberK (FuncState *fs, lua_Number r) {
   TValue o;
   setfltvalue(&o, r);
-  return addk(fs, &o, &o);
+  return addk(fs, &o, &o);  /* use number itself as key */
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Add a boolean to list of constants and return its index.
+*/
 static int boolK (FuncState *fs, int b) {
   TValue o;
   setbvalue(&o, b);
-  return addk(fs, &o, &o);
+  return addk(fs, &o, &o);  /* use boolean itself as key */
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Add nil to list of constants and return its index.
+*/
 static int nilK (FuncState *fs) {
   TValue k, v;
   setnilvalue(&v);
@@ -380,54 +507,79 @@ static int nilK (FuncState *fs) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Fix an expression to return the number of results 'nresults'.
+** Either 'e' is a multi-ret expression (function call or vararg)
+** or 'nresults' is LUA_MULTRET (as any expression can satisfy that).
+*/
 void luaK_setreturns (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int nresults) {
   if (e->k == VCALL) {  /* expression is an open function call? */
-    SETARG_C(getcode(fs, e), nresults+1);
+    SETARG_C(getinstruction(fs, e), nresults + 1);
   }
   else if (e->k == VVARARG) {
-    SETARG_B(getcode(fs, e), nresults+1);
-    SETARG_A(getcode(fs, e), fs->freereg);
+    Instruction *pc = &getinstruction(fs, e);
+    SETARG_B(*pc, nresults + 1);
+    SETARG_A(*pc, fs->freereg);
     luaK_reserveregs(fs, 1);
   }
+  else lua_assert(nresults == LUA_MULTRET);
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Fix an expression to return one result.
+** If expression is not a multi-ret expression (function call or
+** vararg), it already returns one result, so nothing needs to be done.
+** Function calls become VNONRELOC expressions (as its result comes
+** fixed in the base register of the call), while vararg expressions
+** become VRELOCABLE (as OP_VARARG puts its results where it wants).
+** (Calls are created returning one result, so that does not need
+** to be fixed.)
+*/
 void luaK_setoneret (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
   if (e->k == VCALL) {  /* expression is an open function call? */
-    e->k = VNONRELOC;
-    e->u.info = GETARG_A(getcode(fs, e));
+    /* already returns 1 value */
+    lua_assert(GETARG_C(getinstruction(fs, e)) == 2);
+    e->k = VNONRELOC;  /* result has fixed position */
+    e->u.info = GETARG_A(getinstruction(fs, e));
   }
   else if (e->k == VVARARG) {
-    SETARG_B(getcode(fs, e), 2);
+    SETARG_B(getinstruction(fs, e), 2);
     e->k = VRELOCABLE;  /* can relocate its simple result */
   }
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Ensure that expression 'e' is not a variable.
+*/
 void luaK_dischargevars (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
   switch (e->k) {
-    case VLOCAL: {
-      e->k = VNONRELOC;
+    case VLOCAL: {  /* already in a register */
+      e->k = VNONRELOC;  /* becomes a non-relocatable value */
       break;
     }
-    case VUPVAL: {
+    case VUPVAL: {  /* move value to some (pending) register */
       e->u.info = luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_GETUPVAL, 0, e->u.info, 0);
       e->k = VRELOCABLE;
       break;
     }
     case VINDEXED: {
-      OpCode op = OP_GETTABUP;  /* assume 't' is in an upvalue */
+      OpCode op;
       freereg(fs, e->u.ind.idx);
-      if (e->u.ind.vt == VLOCAL) {  /* 't' is in a register? */
+      if (e->u.ind.vt == VLOCAL) {  /* is 't' in a register? */
         freereg(fs, e->u.ind.t);
         op = OP_GETTABLE;
       }
+      else {
+        lua_assert(e->u.ind.vt == VUPVAL);
+        op = OP_GETTABUP;  /* 't' is in an upvalue */
+      }
       e->u.info = luaK_codeABC(fs, op, 0, e->u.ind.t, e->u.ind.idx);
       e->k = VRELOCABLE;
       break;
     }
-    case VVARARG:
-    case VCALL: {
+    case VVARARG: case VCALL: {
       luaK_setoneret(fs, e);
       break;
     }
@@ -436,12 +588,10 @@ void luaK_dischargevars (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
 }
 
 
-static int code_label (FuncState *fs, int A, int b, int jump) {
-  luaK_getlabel(fs);  /* those instructions may be jump targets */
-  return luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_LOADBOOL, A, b, jump);
-}
-
-
+/*
+** Ensures expression value is in register 'reg' (and therefore
+** 'e' will become a non-relocatable expression).
+*/
 static void discharge2reg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int reg) {
   luaK_dischargevars(fs, e);
   switch (e->k) {
@@ -466,8 +616,8 @@ static void discharge2reg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int reg) {
       break;
     }
     case VRELOCABLE: {
-      Instruction *pc = &getcode(fs, e);
-      SETARG_A(*pc, reg);
+      Instruction *pc = &getinstruction(fs, e);
+      SETARG_A(*pc, reg);  /* instruction will put result in 'reg' */
       break;
     }
     case VNONRELOC: {
@@ -476,7 +626,7 @@ static void discharge2reg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int reg) {
       break;
     }
     default: {
-      lua_assert(e->k == VVOID || e->k == VJMP);
+      lua_assert(e->k == VJMP);
       return;  /* nothing to do... */
     }
   }
@@ -485,17 +635,46 @@ static void discharge2reg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int reg) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Ensures expression value is in any register.
+*/
 static void discharge2anyreg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
-  if (e->k != VNONRELOC) {
-    luaK_reserveregs(fs, 1);
-    discharge2reg(fs, e, fs->freereg-1);
+  if (e->k != VNONRELOC) {  /* no fixed register yet? */
+    luaK_reserveregs(fs, 1);  /* get a register */
+    discharge2reg(fs, e, fs->freereg-1);  /* put value there */
   }
 }
 
 
+static int code_loadbool (FuncState *fs, int A, int b, int jump) {
+  luaK_getlabel(fs);  /* those instructions may be jump targets */
+  return luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_LOADBOOL, A, b, jump);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** check whether list has any jump that do not produce a value
+** or produce an inverted value
+*/
+static int need_value (FuncState *fs, int list) {
+  for (; list != NO_JUMP; list = getjump(fs, list)) {
+    Instruction i = *getjumpcontrol(fs, list);
+    if (GET_OPCODE(i) != OP_TESTSET) return 1;
+  }
+  return 0;  /* not found */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Ensures final expression result (including results from its jump
+** lists) is in register 'reg'.
+** If expression has jumps, need to patch these jumps either to
+** its final position or to "load" instructions (for those tests
+** that do not produce values).
+*/
 static void exp2reg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int reg) {
   discharge2reg(fs, e, reg);
-  if (e->k == VJMP)
+  if (e->k == VJMP)  /* expression itself is a test? */
     luaK_concat(fs, &e->t, e->u.info);  /* put this jump in 't' list */
   if (hasjumps(e)) {
     int final;  /* position after whole expression */
@@ -503,8 +682,8 @@ static void exp2reg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int reg) {
     int p_t = NO_JUMP;  /* position of an eventual LOAD true */
     if (need_value(fs, e->t) || need_value(fs, e->f)) {
       int fj = (e->k == VJMP) ? NO_JUMP : luaK_jump(fs);
-      p_f = code_label(fs, reg, 0, 1);
-      p_t = code_label(fs, reg, 1, 0);
+      p_f = code_loadbool(fs, reg, 0, 1);
+      p_t = code_loadbool(fs, reg, 1, 0);
       luaK_patchtohere(fs, fj);
     }
     final = luaK_getlabel(fs);
@@ -517,6 +696,10 @@ static void exp2reg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int reg) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Ensures final expression result (including results from its jump
+** lists) is in next available register.
+*/
 void luaK_exp2nextreg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
   luaK_dischargevars(fs, e);
   freeexp(fs, e);
@@ -525,26 +708,39 @@ void luaK_exp2nextreg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Ensures final expression result (including results from its jump
+** lists) is in some (any) register and return that register.
+*/
 int luaK_exp2anyreg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
   luaK_dischargevars(fs, e);
-  if (e->k == VNONRELOC) {
-    if (!hasjumps(e)) return e->u.info;  /* exp is already in a register */
+  if (e->k == VNONRELOC) {  /* expression already has a register? */
+    if (!hasjumps(e))  /* no jumps? */
+      return e->u.info;  /* result is already in a register */
     if (e->u.info >= fs->nactvar) {  /* reg. is not a local? */
-      exp2reg(fs, e, e->u.info);  /* put value on it */
+      exp2reg(fs, e, e->u.info);  /* put final result in it */
       return e->u.info;
     }
   }
-  luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, e);  /* default */
+  luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, e);  /* otherwise, use next available register */
   return e->u.info;
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Ensures final expression result is either in a register or in an
+** upvalue.
+*/
 void luaK_exp2anyregup (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
   if (e->k != VUPVAL || hasjumps(e))
     luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e);
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Ensures final expression result is either in a register or it is
+** a constant.
+*/
 void luaK_exp2val (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
   if (hasjumps(e))
     luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e);
@@ -553,35 +749,26 @@ void luaK_exp2val (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Ensures final expression result is in a valid R/K index
+** (that is, it is either in a register or in 'k' with an index
+** in the range of R/K indices).
+** Returns R/K index.
+*/  
 int luaK_exp2RK (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
   luaK_exp2val(fs, e);
-  switch (e->k) {
-    case VTRUE:
-    case VFALSE:
-    case VNIL: {
-      if (fs->nk <= MAXINDEXRK) {  /* constant fits in RK operand? */
-        e->u.info = (e->k == VNIL) ? nilK(fs) : boolK(fs, (e->k == VTRUE));
-        e->k = VK;
-        return RKASK(e->u.info);
-      }
-      else break;
-    }
-    case VKINT: {
-      e->u.info = luaK_intK(fs, e->u.ival);
-      e->k = VK;
-      goto vk;
-    }
-    case VKFLT: {
-      e->u.info = luaK_numberK(fs, e->u.nval);
-      e->k = VK;
-    }
-    /* FALLTHROUGH */
-    case VK: {
+  switch (e->k) {  /* move constants to 'k' */
+    case VTRUE: e->u.info = boolK(fs, 1); goto vk;
+    case VFALSE: e->u.info = boolK(fs, 0); goto vk;
+    case VNIL: e->u.info = nilK(fs); goto vk;
+    case VKINT: e->u.info = luaK_intK(fs, e->u.ival); goto vk;
+    case VKFLT: e->u.info = luaK_numberK(fs, e->u.nval); goto vk;
+    case VK:
      vk:
+      e->k = VK;
       if (e->u.info <= MAXINDEXRK)  /* constant fits in 'argC'? */
         return RKASK(e->u.info);
       else break;
-    }
     default: break;
   }
   /* not a constant in the right range: put it in a register */
@@ -589,11 +776,14 @@ int luaK_exp2RK (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Generate code to store result of expression 'ex' into variable 'var'.
+*/
 void luaK_storevar (FuncState *fs, expdesc *var, expdesc *ex) {
   switch (var->k) {
     case VLOCAL: {
       freeexp(fs, ex);
-      exp2reg(fs, ex, var->u.info);
+      exp2reg(fs, ex, var->u.info);  /* compute 'ex' into proper place */
       return;
     }
     case VUPVAL: {
@@ -607,29 +797,32 @@ void luaK_storevar (FuncState *fs, expdesc *var, expdesc *ex) {
       luaK_codeABC(fs, op, var->u.ind.t, var->u.ind.idx, e);
       break;
     }
-    default: {
-      lua_assert(0);  /* invalid var kind to store */
-      break;
-    }
+    default: lua_assert(0);  /* invalid var kind to store */
   }
   freeexp(fs, ex);
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Emit SELF instruction (convert expression 'e' into 'e:key(e,').
+*/
 void luaK_self (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, expdesc *key) {
   int ereg;
   luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e);
   ereg = e->u.info;  /* register where 'e' was placed */
   freeexp(fs, e);
   e->u.info = fs->freereg;  /* base register for op_self */
-  e->k = VNONRELOC;
+  e->k = VNONRELOC;  /* self expression has a fixed register */
   luaK_reserveregs(fs, 2);  /* function and 'self' produced by op_self */
   luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_SELF, e->u.info, ereg, luaK_exp2RK(fs, key));
   freeexp(fs, key);
 }
 
 
-static void invertjump (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
+/*
+** Negate condition 'e' (where 'e' is a comparison).
+*/
+static void negatecondition (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
   Instruction *pc = getjumpcontrol(fs, e->u.info);
   lua_assert(testTMode(GET_OPCODE(*pc)) && GET_OPCODE(*pc) != OP_TESTSET &&
                                            GET_OPCODE(*pc) != OP_TEST);
@@ -637,9 +830,15 @@ static void invertjump (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Emit instruction to jump if 'e' is 'cond' (that is, if 'cond'
+** is true, code will jump if 'e' is true.) Return jump position.
+** Optimize when 'e' is 'not' something, inverting the condition
+** and removing the 'not'.
+*/
 static int jumponcond (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int cond) {
   if (e->k == VRELOCABLE) {
-    Instruction ie = getcode(fs, e);
+    Instruction ie = getinstruction(fs, e);
     if (GET_OPCODE(ie) == OP_NOT) {
       fs->pc--;  /* remove previous OP_NOT */
       return condjump(fs, OP_TEST, GETARG_B(ie), 0, !cond);
@@ -652,13 +851,16 @@ static int jumponcond (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int cond) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Emit code to go through if 'e' is true, jump otherwise.
+*/
 void luaK_goiftrue (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
-  int pc;  /* pc of last jump */
+  int pc;  /* pc of new jump */
   luaK_dischargevars(fs, e);
   switch (e->k) {
-    case VJMP: {
-      invertjump(fs, e);
-      pc = e->u.info;
+    case VJMP: {  /* condition? */
+      negatecondition(fs, e);  /* jump when it is false */
+      pc = e->u.info;  /* save jump position */
       break;
     }
     case VK: case VKFLT: case VKINT: case VTRUE: {
@@ -666,22 +868,25 @@ void luaK_goiftrue (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
       break;
     }
     default: {
-      pc = jumponcond(fs, e, 0);
+      pc = jumponcond(fs, e, 0);  /* jump when false */
       break;
     }
   }
-  luaK_concat(fs, &e->f, pc);  /* insert last jump in 'f' list */
-  luaK_patchtohere(fs, e->t);
+  luaK_concat(fs, &e->f, pc);  /* insert new jump in false list */
+  luaK_patchtohere(fs, e->t);  /* true list jumps to here (to go through) */
   e->t = NO_JUMP;
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Emit code to go through if 'e' is false, jump otherwise.
+*/
 void luaK_goiffalse (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
-  int pc;  /* pc of last jump */
+  int pc;  /* pc of new jump */
   luaK_dischargevars(fs, e);
   switch (e->k) {
     case VJMP: {
-      pc = e->u.info;
+      pc = e->u.info;  /* already jump if true */
       break;
     }
     case VNIL: case VFALSE: {
@@ -689,29 +894,32 @@ void luaK_goiffalse (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
       break;
     }
     default: {
-      pc = jumponcond(fs, e, 1);
+      pc = jumponcond(fs, e, 1);  /* jump if true */
       break;
     }
   }
-  luaK_concat(fs, &e->t, pc);  /* insert last jump in 't' list */
-  luaK_patchtohere(fs, e->f);
+  luaK_concat(fs, &e->t, pc);  /* insert new jump in 't' list */
+  luaK_patchtohere(fs, e->f);  /* false list jumps to here (to go through) */
   e->f = NO_JUMP;
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Code 'not e', doing constant folding.
+*/
 static void codenot (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
   luaK_dischargevars(fs, e);
   switch (e->k) {
     case VNIL: case VFALSE: {
-      e->k = VTRUE;
+      e->k = VTRUE;  /* true == not nil == not false */
       break;
     }
     case VK: case VKFLT: case VKINT: case VTRUE: {
-      e->k = VFALSE;
+      e->k = VFALSE;  /* false == not "x" == not 0.5 == not 1 == not true */
       break;
     }
     case VJMP: {
-      invertjump(fs, e);
+      negatecondition(fs, e);
       break;
     }
     case VRELOCABLE:
@@ -722,30 +930,32 @@ static void codenot (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
       e->k = VRELOCABLE;
       break;
     }
-    default: {
-      lua_assert(0);  /* cannot happen */
-      break;
-    }
+    default: lua_assert(0);  /* cannot happen */
   }
   /* interchange true and false lists */
   { int temp = e->f; e->f = e->t; e->t = temp; }
-  removevalues(fs, e->f);
+  removevalues(fs, e->f);  /* values are useless when negated */
   removevalues(fs, e->t);
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Create expression 't[k]'. 't' must have its final result already in a
+** register or upvalue.
+*/
 void luaK_indexed (FuncState *fs, expdesc *t, expdesc *k) {
-  lua_assert(!hasjumps(t));
-  t->u.ind.t = t->u.info;
-  t->u.ind.idx = luaK_exp2RK(fs, k);
-  t->u.ind.vt = (t->k == VUPVAL) ? VUPVAL
-                                 : check_exp(vkisinreg(t->k), VLOCAL);
+  lua_assert(!hasjumps(t) && (vkisinreg(t->k) || t->k == VUPVAL));
+  t->u.ind.t = t->u.info;  /* register or upvalue index */
+  t->u.ind.idx = luaK_exp2RK(fs, k);  /* R/K index for key */
+  t->u.ind.vt = (t->k == VUPVAL) ? VUPVAL : VLOCAL;
   t->k = VINDEXED;
 }
 
 
 /*
-** return false if folding can raise an error
+** Return false if folding can raise an error.
+** Bitwise operations need operands convertible to integers; division
+** operations cannot have 0 as divisor.
 */
 static int validop (int op, TValue *v1, TValue *v2) {
   switch (op) {
@@ -762,7 +972,8 @@ static int validop (int op, TValue *v1, TValue *v2) {
 
 
 /*
-** Try to "constant-fold" an operation; return 1 iff successful
+** Try to "constant-fold" an operation; return 1 iff successful.
+** (In this case, 'e1' has the final result.)
 */
 static int constfolding (FuncState *fs, int op, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) {
   TValue v1, v2, res;
@@ -773,7 +984,7 @@ static int constfolding (FuncState *fs, int op, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) {
     e1->k = VKINT;
     e1->u.ival = ivalue(&res);
   }
-  else {  /* folds neither NaN nor 0.0 (to avoid collapsing with -0.0) */
+  else {  /* folds neither NaN nor 0.0 (to avoid problems with -0.0) */
     lua_Number n = fltvalue(&res);
     if (luai_numisnan(n) || n == 0)
       return 0;
@@ -785,81 +996,97 @@ static int constfolding (FuncState *fs, int op, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) {
 
 
 /*
-** Code for binary and unary expressions that "produce values"
-** (arithmetic operations, bitwise operations, concat, length). First
-** try to do constant folding (only for numeric [arithmetic and
-** bitwise] operations, which is what 'lua_arith' accepts).
+** Emit code for unary expressions that "produce values"
+** (everything but 'not').
+** Expression to produce final result will be encoded in 'e'.
+*/
+static void codeunexpval (FuncState *fs, OpCode op, expdesc *e, int line) {
+  int r = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e);  /* opcodes operate only on registers */
+  freeexp(fs, e);
+  e->u.info = luaK_codeABC(fs, op, 0, r, 0);  /* generate opcode */
+  e->k = VRELOCABLE;  /* all those operations are relocatable */
+  luaK_fixline(fs, line);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Emit code for binary expressions that "produce values"
+** (everything but logical operators 'and'/'or' and comparison
+** operators).
 ** Expression to produce final result will be encoded in 'e1'.
 */
-static void codeexpval (FuncState *fs, OpCode op,
-                        expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2, int line) {
-  lua_assert(op >= OP_ADD);
-  if (op <= OP_BNOT && constfolding(fs, (op - OP_ADD) + LUA_OPADD, e1, e2))
-    return;  /* result has been folded */
-  else {
-    int o1, o2;
-    /* move operands to registers (if needed) */
-    if (op == OP_UNM || op == OP_BNOT || op == OP_LEN) {  /* unary op? */
-      o2 = 0;  /* no second expression */
-      o1 = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e1);  /* cannot operate on constants */
-    }
-    else {  /* regular case (binary operators) */
-      o2 = luaK_exp2RK(fs, e2);  /* both operands are "RK" */
-      o1 = luaK_exp2RK(fs, e1);
-    }
-    if (o1 > o2) {  /* free registers in proper order */
-      freeexp(fs, e1);
-      freeexp(fs, e2);
-    }
-    else {
-      freeexp(fs, e2);
-      freeexp(fs, e1);
-    }
-    e1->u.info = luaK_codeABC(fs, op, 0, o1, o2);  /* generate opcode */
-    e1->k = VRELOCABLE;  /* all those operations are relocatable */
-    luaK_fixline(fs, line);
-  }
+static void codebinexpval (FuncState *fs, OpCode op,
+                           expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2, int line) {
+  int rk1 = luaK_exp2RK(fs, e1);  /* both operands are "RK" */
+  int rk2 = luaK_exp2RK(fs, e2);
+  freeexps(fs, e1, e2);
+  e1->u.info = luaK_codeABC(fs, op, 0, rk1, rk2);  /* generate opcode */
+  e1->k = VRELOCABLE;  /* all those operations are relocatable */
+  luaK_fixline(fs, line);
 }
 
 
-static void codecomp (FuncState *fs, OpCode op, int cond, expdesc *e1,
-                                                          expdesc *e2) {
-  int o1 = luaK_exp2RK(fs, e1);
-  int o2 = luaK_exp2RK(fs, e2);
-  freeexp(fs, e2);
-  freeexp(fs, e1);
-  if (cond == 0 && op != OP_EQ) {
-    int temp;  /* exchange args to replace by '<' or '<=' */
-    temp = o1; o1 = o2; o2 = temp;  /* o1 <==> o2 */
-    cond = 1;
+/*
+** Emit code for comparisons.
+** 'e1' was already put in R/K form by 'luaK_infix'.
+*/
+static void codecomp (FuncState *fs, BinOpr opr, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) {
+  int rk1 = (e1->k == VK) ? RKASK(e1->u.info)
+                          : check_exp(e1->k == VNONRELOC, e1->u.info);
+  int rk2 = luaK_exp2RK(fs, e2);
+  freeexps(fs, e1, e2);
+  switch (opr) {
+    case OPR_NE: {  /* '(a ~= b)' ==> 'not (a == b)' */
+      e1->u.info = condjump(fs, OP_EQ, 0, rk1, rk2);
+      break;
+    }
+    case OPR_GT: case OPR_GE: {
+      /* '(a > b)' ==> '(b < a)';  '(a >= b)' ==> '(b <= a)' */
+      OpCode op = cast(OpCode, (opr - OPR_NE) + OP_EQ);
+      e1->u.info = condjump(fs, op, 1, rk2, rk1);  /* invert operands */
+      break;
+    }
+    default: {  /* '==', '<', '<=' use their own opcodes */
+      OpCode op = cast(OpCode, (opr - OPR_EQ) + OP_EQ);
+      e1->u.info = condjump(fs, op, 1, rk1, rk2);
+      break;
+    }
   }
-  e1->u.info = condjump(fs, op, cond, o1, o2);
   e1->k = VJMP;
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Aplly prefix operation 'op' to expression 'e'.
+*/
 void luaK_prefix (FuncState *fs, UnOpr op, expdesc *e, int line) {
-  expdesc e2;
-  e2.t = e2.f = NO_JUMP; e2.k = VKINT; e2.u.ival = 0;
+  static expdesc ef = {VKINT, {0}, NO_JUMP, NO_JUMP};  /* fake 2nd operand */
   switch (op) {
-    case OPR_MINUS: case OPR_BNOT: case OPR_LEN: {
-      codeexpval(fs, cast(OpCode, (op - OPR_MINUS) + OP_UNM), e, &e2, line);
+    case OPR_MINUS: case OPR_BNOT:
+      if (constfolding(fs, op + LUA_OPUNM, e, &ef))
+        break;
+      /* FALLTHROUGH */
+    case OPR_LEN:
+      codeunexpval(fs, cast(OpCode, op + OP_UNM), e, line);
       break;
-    }
     case OPR_NOT: codenot(fs, e); break;
     default: lua_assert(0);
   }
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Process 1st operand 'v' of binary operation 'op' before reading
+** 2nd operand.
+*/
 void luaK_infix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op, expdesc *v) {
   switch (op) {
     case OPR_AND: {
-      luaK_goiftrue(fs, v);
+      luaK_goiftrue(fs, v);  /* go ahead only if 'v' is true */
       break;
     }
     case OPR_OR: {
-      luaK_goiffalse(fs, v);
+      luaK_goiffalse(fs, v);  /* go ahead only if 'v' is false */
       break;
     }
     case OPR_CONCAT: {
@@ -871,7 +1098,9 @@ void luaK_infix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op, expdesc *v) {
     case OPR_MOD: case OPR_POW:
     case OPR_BAND: case OPR_BOR: case OPR_BXOR:
     case OPR_SHL: case OPR_SHR: {
-      if (!tonumeral(v, NULL)) luaK_exp2RK(fs, v);
+      if (!tonumeral(v, NULL))
+        luaK_exp2RK(fs, v);
+      /* else keep numeral, which may be folded with 2nd operand */
       break;
     }
     default: {
@@ -882,18 +1111,24 @@ void luaK_infix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op, expdesc *v) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Finalize code for binary operation, after reading 2nd operand.
+** For '(a .. b .. c)' (which is '(a .. (b .. c))', because
+** concatenation is right associative), merge second CONCAT into first
+** one.
+*/
 void luaK_posfix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op,
                   expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2, int line) {
   switch (op) {
     case OPR_AND: {
-      lua_assert(e1->t == NO_JUMP);  /* list must be closed */
+      lua_assert(e1->t == NO_JUMP);  /* list closed by 'luK_infix' */
       luaK_dischargevars(fs, e2);
       luaK_concat(fs, &e2->f, e1->f);
       *e1 = *e2;
       break;
     }
     case OPR_OR: {
-      lua_assert(e1->f == NO_JUMP);  /* list must be closed */
+      lua_assert(e1->f == NO_JUMP);  /* list closed by 'luK_infix' */
       luaK_dischargevars(fs, e2);
       luaK_concat(fs, &e2->t, e1->t);
       *e1 = *e2;
@@ -901,15 +1136,16 @@ void luaK_posfix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op,
     }
     case OPR_CONCAT: {
       luaK_exp2val(fs, e2);
-      if (e2->k == VRELOCABLE && GET_OPCODE(getcode(fs, e2)) == OP_CONCAT) {
-        lua_assert(e1->u.info == GETARG_B(getcode(fs, e2))-1);
+      if (e2->k == VRELOCABLE &&
+          GET_OPCODE(getinstruction(fs, e2)) == OP_CONCAT) {
+        lua_assert(e1->u.info == GETARG_B(getinstruction(fs, e2))-1);
         freeexp(fs, e1);
-        SETARG_B(getcode(fs, e2), e1->u.info);
+        SETARG_B(getinstruction(fs, e2), e1->u.info);
         e1->k = VRELOCABLE; e1->u.info = e2->u.info;
       }
       else {
         luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, e2);  /* operand must be on the 'stack' */
-        codeexpval(fs, OP_CONCAT, e1, e2, line);
+        codebinexpval(fs, OP_CONCAT, e1, e2, line);
       }
       break;
     }
@@ -917,15 +1153,13 @@ void luaK_posfix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op,
     case OPR_IDIV: case OPR_MOD: case OPR_POW:
     case OPR_BAND: case OPR_BOR: case OPR_BXOR:
     case OPR_SHL: case OPR_SHR: {
-      codeexpval(fs, cast(OpCode, (op - OPR_ADD) + OP_ADD), e1, e2, line);
-      break;
-    }
-    case OPR_EQ: case OPR_LT: case OPR_LE: {
-      codecomp(fs, cast(OpCode, (op - OPR_EQ) + OP_EQ), 1, e1, e2);
+      if (!constfolding(fs, op + LUA_OPADD, e1, e2))
+        codebinexpval(fs, cast(OpCode, op + OP_ADD), e1, e2, line);
       break;
     }
+    case OPR_EQ: case OPR_LT: case OPR_LE:
     case OPR_NE: case OPR_GT: case OPR_GE: {
-      codecomp(fs, cast(OpCode, (op - OPR_NE) + OP_EQ), 0, e1, e2);
+      codecomp(fs, op, e1, e2);
       break;
     }
     default: lua_assert(0);
@@ -933,15 +1167,25 @@ void luaK_posfix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op,
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Change line information associated with current position.
+*/
 void luaK_fixline (FuncState *fs, int line) {
   fs->f->lineinfo[fs->pc - 1] = line;
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Emit a SETLIST instruction.
+** 'base' is register that keeps table;
+** 'nelems' is #table plus those to be stored now;
+** 'tostore' is number of values (in registers 'base + 1',...) to add to
+** table (or LUA_MULTRET to add up to stack top).
+*/
 void luaK_setlist (FuncState *fs, int base, int nelems, int tostore) {
   int c =  (nelems - 1)/LFIELDS_PER_FLUSH + 1;
   int b = (tostore == LUA_MULTRET) ? 0 : tostore;
-  lua_assert(tostore != 0);
+  lua_assert(tostore != 0 && tostore <= LFIELDS_PER_FLUSH);
   if (c <= MAXARG_C)
     luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_SETLIST, base, b, c);
   else if (c <= MAXARG_Ax) {
diff --git a/src/lcode.h b/src/lcode.h
index 43ab86db..cd306d57 100644
--- a/src/lcode.h
+++ b/src/lcode.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lcode.h,v 1.63 2013/12/30 20:47:58 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lcode.h,v 1.64 2016/01/05 16:22:37 roberto Exp $
 ** Code generator for Lua
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -40,7 +40,8 @@ typedef enum BinOpr {
 typedef enum UnOpr { OPR_MINUS, OPR_BNOT, OPR_NOT, OPR_LEN, OPR_NOUNOPR } UnOpr;
 
 
-#define getcode(fs,e)	((fs)->f->code[(e)->u.info])
+/* get (pointer to) instruction of given 'expdesc' */
+#define getinstruction(fs,e)	((fs)->f->code[(e)->u.info])
 
 #define luaK_codeAsBx(fs,o,A,sBx)	luaK_codeABx(fs,o,A,(sBx)+MAXARG_sBx)
 
diff --git a/src/lcorolib.c b/src/lcorolib.c
index 0c0b7fa6..2303429e 100644
--- a/src/lcorolib.c
+++ b/src/lcorolib.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lcorolib.c,v 1.9 2014/11/02 19:19:04 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lcorolib.c,v 1.10 2016/04/11 19:19:55 roberto Exp $
 ** Coroutine Library
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ static int luaB_auxwrap (lua_State *L) {
   lua_State *co = lua_tothread(L, lua_upvalueindex(1));
   int r = auxresume(L, co, lua_gettop(L));
   if (r < 0) {
-    if (lua_isstring(L, -1)) {  /* error object is a string? */
+    if (lua_type(L, -1) == LUA_TSTRING) {  /* error object is a string? */
       luaL_where(L, 1);  /* add extra info */
       lua_insert(L, -2);
       lua_concat(L, 2);
diff --git a/src/ldebug.c b/src/ldebug.c
index 9bd86d02..e499ee36 100644
--- a/src/ldebug.c
+++ b/src/ldebug.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: ldebug.c,v 2.117 2015/11/02 18:48:07 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: ldebug.c,v 2.120 2016/03/31 19:01:21 roberto Exp $
 ** Debug Interface
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -69,7 +69,13 @@ static void swapextra (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 /*
-** this function can be called asynchronous (e.g. during a signal)
+** This function can be called asynchronously (e.g. during a signal).
+** Fields 'oldpc', 'basehookcount', and 'hookcount' (set by
+** 'resethookcount') are for debug only, and it is no problem if they
+** get arbitrary values (causes at most one wrong hook call). 'hookmask'
+** is an atomic value. We assume that pointers are atomic too (e.g., gcc
+** ensures that for all platforms where it runs). Moreover, 'hook' is
+** always checked before being called (see 'luaD_hook').
 */
 LUA_API void lua_sethook (lua_State *L, lua_Hook func, int mask, int count) {
   if (func == NULL || mask == 0) {  /* turn off hooks? */
@@ -558,7 +564,7 @@ static const char *varinfo (lua_State *L, const TValue *o) {
 
 
 l_noret luaG_typeerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, const char *op) {
-  const char *t = objtypename(o);
+  const char *t = luaT_objtypename(L, o);
   luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to %s a %s value%s", op, t, varinfo(L, o));
 }
 
@@ -590,9 +596,9 @@ l_noret luaG_tointerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2) {
 
 
 l_noret luaG_ordererror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2) {
-  const char *t1 = objtypename(p1);
-  const char *t2 = objtypename(p2);
-  if (t1 == t2)
+  const char *t1 = luaT_objtypename(L, p1);
+  const char *t2 = luaT_objtypename(L, p2);
+  if (strcmp(t1, t2) == 0)
     luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to compare two %s values", t1);
   else
     luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to compare %s with %s", t1, t2);
diff --git a/src/ldo.c b/src/ldo.c
index 95efd560..8804c997 100644
--- a/src/ldo.c
+++ b/src/ldo.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: ldo.c,v 2.150 2015/11/19 19:16:22 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: ldo.c,v 2.151 2015/12/16 16:40:07 roberto Exp $
 ** Stack and Call structure of Lua
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -242,9 +242,14 @@ void luaD_inctop (lua_State *L) {
 /* }================================================================== */
 
 
+/*
+** Call a hook for the given event. Make sure there is a hook to be
+** called. (Both 'L->hook' and 'L->hookmask', which triggers this
+** function, can be changed asynchronously by signals.)
+*/
 void luaD_hook (lua_State *L, int event, int line) {
   lua_Hook hook = L->hook;
-  if (hook && L->allowhook) {
+  if (hook && L->allowhook) {  /* make sure there is a hook */
     CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
     ptrdiff_t top = savestack(L, L->top);
     ptrdiff_t ci_top = savestack(L, ci->top);
diff --git a/src/ldo.h b/src/ldo.h
index 80582dc2..4f5d51c3 100644
--- a/src/ldo.h
+++ b/src/ldo.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: ldo.h,v 2.28 2015/11/23 11:29:43 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: ldo.h,v 2.29 2015/12/21 13:02:14 roberto Exp $
 ** Stack and Call structure of Lua
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 	  { pre; luaD_growstack(L, n); pos; } else { condmovestack(L,pre,pos); }
 
 /* In general, 'pre'/'pos' are empty (nothing to save) */
-#define luaD_checkstack(L,n)	luaD_checkstackaux(L,n,,)
+#define luaD_checkstack(L,n)	luaD_checkstackaux(L,n,(void)0,(void)0)
 
 
 
diff --git a/src/lgc.c b/src/lgc.c
index 49d8ecb7..7c29fb03 100644
--- a/src/lgc.c
+++ b/src/lgc.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lgc.c,v 2.210 2015/11/03 18:10:44 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lgc.c,v 2.212 2016/03/31 19:02:03 roberto Exp $
 ** Garbage Collector
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -754,14 +754,11 @@ static GCObject **sweeplist (lua_State *L, GCObject **p, lu_mem count) {
 /*
 ** sweep a list until a live object (or end of list)
 */
-static GCObject **sweeptolive (lua_State *L, GCObject **p, int *n) {
+static GCObject **sweeptolive (lua_State *L, GCObject **p) {
   GCObject **old = p;
-  int i = 0;
   do {
-    i++;
     p = sweeplist(L, p, 1);
   } while (p == old);
-  if (n) *n += i;
   return p;
 }
 
@@ -856,10 +853,10 @@ static int runafewfinalizers (lua_State *L) {
 /*
 ** call all pending finalizers
 */
-static void callallpendingfinalizers (lua_State *L, int propagateerrors) {
+static void callallpendingfinalizers (lua_State *L) {
   global_State *g = G(L);
   while (g->tobefnz)
-    GCTM(L, propagateerrors);
+    GCTM(L, 0);
 }
 
 
@@ -909,7 +906,7 @@ void luaC_checkfinalizer (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, Table *mt) {
     if (issweepphase(g)) {
       makewhite(g, o);  /* "sweep" object 'o' */
       if (g->sweepgc == &o->next)  /* should not remove 'sweepgc' object */
-        g->sweepgc = sweeptolive(L, g->sweepgc, NULL);  /* change 'sweepgc' */
+        g->sweepgc = sweeptolive(L, g->sweepgc);  /* change 'sweepgc' */
     }
     /* search for pointer pointing to 'o' */
     for (p = &g->allgc; *p != o; p = &(*p)->next) { /* empty */ }
@@ -951,19 +948,16 @@ static void setpause (global_State *g) {
 
 /*
 ** Enter first sweep phase.
-** The call to 'sweeptolive' makes pointer point to an object inside
-** the list (instead of to the header), so that the real sweep do not
-** need to skip objects created between "now" and the start of the real
-** sweep.
-** Returns how many objects it swept.
+** The call to 'sweeplist' tries to make pointer point to an object
+** inside the list (instead of to the header), so that the real sweep do
+** not need to skip objects created between "now" and the start of the
+** real sweep.
 */
-static int entersweep (lua_State *L) {
+static void entersweep (lua_State *L) {
   global_State *g = G(L);
-  int n = 0;
   g->gcstate = GCSswpallgc;
   lua_assert(g->sweepgc == NULL);
-  g->sweepgc = sweeptolive(L, &g->allgc, &n);
-  return n;
+  g->sweepgc = sweeplist(L, &g->allgc, 1);
 }
 
 
@@ -971,7 +965,7 @@ void luaC_freeallobjects (lua_State *L) {
   global_State *g = G(L);
   separatetobefnz(g, 1);  /* separate all objects with finalizers */
   lua_assert(g->finobj == NULL);
-  callallpendingfinalizers(L, 0);
+  callallpendingfinalizers(L);
   lua_assert(g->tobefnz == NULL);
   g->currentwhite = WHITEBITS; /* this "white" makes all objects look dead */
   g->gckind = KGC_NORMAL;
@@ -1064,12 +1058,11 @@ static lu_mem singlestep (lua_State *L) {
     }
     case GCSatomic: {
       lu_mem work;
-      int sw;
       propagateall(g);  /* make sure gray list is empty */
       work = atomic(L);  /* work is what was traversed by 'atomic' */
-      sw = entersweep(L);
+      entersweep(L);
       g->GCestimate = gettotalbytes(g);  /* first estimate */;
-      return work + sw * GCSWEEPCOST;
+      return work;
     }
     case GCSswpallgc: {  /* sweep "regular" objects */
       return sweepstep(L, g, GCSswpfinobj, &g->finobj);
diff --git a/src/lgc.h b/src/lgc.h
index 1775ca45..aed3e18a 100644
--- a/src/lgc.h
+++ b/src/lgc.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lgc.h,v 2.90 2015/10/21 18:15:15 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lgc.h,v 2.91 2015/12/21 13:02:14 roberto Exp $
 ** Garbage Collector
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@
 	  condchangemem(L,pre,pos); }
 
 /* more often than not, 'pre'/'pos' are empty */
-#define luaC_checkGC(L)		luaC_condGC(L,,)
+#define luaC_checkGC(L)		luaC_condGC(L,(void)0,(void)0)
 
 
 #define luaC_barrier(L,p,v) (  \
diff --git a/src/liolib.c b/src/liolib.c
index a91ba391..aa78e593 100644
--- a/src/liolib.c
+++ b/src/liolib.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: liolib.c,v 2.148 2015/11/23 11:36:11 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: liolib.c,v 2.149 2016/05/02 14:03:19 roberto Exp $
 ** Standard I/O (and system) library
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -375,14 +375,17 @@ static int io_lines (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 /* maximum length of a numeral */
-#define MAXRN		200
+#if !defined (L_MAXLENNUM)
+#define L_MAXLENNUM     200
+#endif
+
 
 /* auxiliary structure used by 'read_number' */
 typedef struct {
   FILE *f;  /* file being read */
   int c;  /* current character (look ahead) */
   int n;  /* number of elements in buffer 'buff' */
-  char buff[MAXRN + 1];  /* +1 for ending '\0' */
+  char buff[L_MAXLENNUM + 1];  /* +1 for ending '\0' */
 } RN;
 
 
@@ -390,7 +393,7 @@ typedef struct {
 ** Add current char to buffer (if not out of space) and read next one
 */
 static int nextc (RN *rn) {
-  if (rn->n >= MAXRN) {  /* buffer overflow? */
+  if (rn->n >= L_MAXLENNUM) {  /* buffer overflow? */
     rn->buff[0] = '\0';  /* invalidate result */
     return 0;  /* fail */
   }
@@ -403,10 +406,10 @@ static int nextc (RN *rn) {
 
 
 /*
-** Accept current char if it is in 'set' (of size 1 or 2)
+** Accept current char if it is in 'set' (of size 2)
 */
 static int test2 (RN *rn, const char *set) {
-  if (rn->c == set[0] || (rn->c == set[1] && rn->c != '\0'))
+  if (rn->c == set[0] || rn->c == set[1])
     return nextc(rn);
   else return 0;
 }
@@ -435,11 +438,11 @@ static int read_number (lua_State *L, FILE *f) {
   char decp[2];
   rn.f = f; rn.n = 0;
   decp[0] = lua_getlocaledecpoint();  /* get decimal point from locale */
-  decp[1] = '\0';
+  decp[1] = '.';  /* always accept a dot */
   l_lockfile(rn.f);
   do { rn.c = l_getc(rn.f); } while (isspace(rn.c));  /* skip spaces */
   test2(&rn, "-+");  /* optional signal */
-  if (test2(&rn, "0")) {
+  if (test2(&rn, "00")) {
     if (test2(&rn, "xX")) hex = 1;  /* numeral is hexadecimal */
     else count = 1;  /* count initial '0' as a valid digit */
   }
diff --git a/src/llex.c b/src/llex.c
index 16ea3ebe..70328273 100644
--- a/src/llex.c
+++ b/src/llex.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: llex.c,v 2.95 2015/11/19 19:16:22 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: llex.c,v 2.96 2016/05/02 14:02:12 roberto Exp $
 ** Lexical Analyzer
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -162,7 +162,6 @@ static void inclinenumber (LexState *ls) {
 void luaX_setinput (lua_State *L, LexState *ls, ZIO *z, TString *source,
                     int firstchar) {
   ls->t.token = 0;
-  ls->decpoint = '.';
   ls->L = L;
   ls->current = firstchar;
   ls->lookahead.token = TK_EOS;  /* no look-ahead token */
@@ -207,35 +206,6 @@ static int check_next2 (LexState *ls, const char *set) {
 }
 
 
-/*
-** change all characters 'from' in buffer to 'to'
-*/
-static void buffreplace (LexState *ls, char from, char to) {
-  if (from != to) {
-    size_t n = luaZ_bufflen(ls->buff);
-    char *p = luaZ_buffer(ls->buff);
-    while (n--)
-      if (p[n] == from) p[n] = to;
-  }
-}
-
-
-/*
-** in case of format error, try to change decimal point separator to
-** the one defined in the current locale and check again
-*/
-static void trydecpoint (LexState *ls, TValue *o) {
-  char old = ls->decpoint;
-  ls->decpoint = lua_getlocaledecpoint();
-  buffreplace(ls, old, ls->decpoint);  /* try new decimal separator */
-  if (luaO_str2num(luaZ_buffer(ls->buff), o) == 0) {
-    /* format error with correct decimal point: no more options */
-    buffreplace(ls, ls->decpoint, '.');  /* undo change (for error message) */
-    lexerror(ls, "malformed number", TK_FLT);
-  }
-}
-
-
 /* LUA_NUMBER */
 /*
 ** this function is quite liberal in what it accepts, as 'luaO_str2num'
@@ -259,9 +229,8 @@ static int read_numeral (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo) {
     else break;
   }
   save(ls, '\0');
-  buffreplace(ls, '.', ls->decpoint);  /* follow locale for decimal point */
   if (luaO_str2num(luaZ_buffer(ls->buff), &obj) == 0)  /* format error? */
-    trydecpoint(ls, &obj); /* try to update decimal point separator */
+    lexerror(ls, "malformed number", TK_FLT);
   if (ttisinteger(&obj)) {
     seminfo->i = ivalue(&obj);
     return TK_INT;
diff --git a/src/llex.h b/src/llex.h
index afb40b56..2363d87e 100644
--- a/src/llex.h
+++ b/src/llex.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: llex.h,v 1.78 2014/10/29 15:38:24 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: llex.h,v 1.79 2016/05/02 14:02:12 roberto Exp $
 ** Lexical Analyzer
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -69,7 +69,6 @@ typedef struct LexState {
   struct Dyndata *dyd;  /* dynamic structures used by the parser */
   TString *source;  /* current source name */
   TString *envn;  /* environment variable name */
-  char decpoint;  /* locale decimal point */
 } LexState;
 
 
diff --git a/src/lobject.c b/src/lobject.c
index e24723fe..a44b3850 100644
--- a/src/lobject.c
+++ b/src/lobject.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lobject.c,v 2.108 2015/11/02 16:09:30 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lobject.c,v 2.111 2016/05/20 14:07:48 roberto Exp $
 ** Some generic functions over Lua objects
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -243,20 +243,59 @@ static lua_Number lua_strx2number (const char *s, char **endptr) {
 /* }====================================================== */
 
 
-static const char *l_str2d (const char *s, lua_Number *result) {
+/* maximum length of a numeral */
+#if !defined (L_MAXLENNUM)
+#define L_MAXLENNUM	200
+#endif
+
+static const char *l_str2dloc (const char *s, lua_Number *result, int mode) {
   char *endptr;
-  if (strpbrk(s, "nN"))  /* reject 'inf' and 'nan' */
+  *result = (mode == 'x') ? lua_strx2number(s, &endptr)  /* try to convert */
+                          : lua_str2number(s, &endptr);
+  if (endptr == s) return NULL;  /* nothing recognized? */
+  while (lisspace(cast_uchar(*endptr))) endptr++;  /* skip trailing spaces */
+  return (*endptr == '\0') ? endptr : NULL;  /* OK if no trailing characters */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Convert string 's' to a Lua number (put in 'result'). Return NULL
+** on fail or the address of the ending '\0' on success.
+** 'pmode' points to (and 'mode' contains) special things in the string:
+** - 'x'/'X' means an hexadecimal numeral
+** - 'n'/'N' means 'inf' or 'nan' (which should be rejected)
+** - '.' just optimizes the search for the common case (nothing special)
+** This function accepts both the current locale or a dot as the radix
+** mark. If the convertion fails, it may mean number has a dot but
+** locale accepts something else. In that case, the code copies 's'
+** to a buffer (because 's' is read-only), changes the dot to the
+** current locale radix mark, and tries to convert again.
+*/
+static const char *l_str2d (const char *s, lua_Number *result) {
+  const char *endptr;
+  const char *pmode = strpbrk(s, ".xXnN");
+  int mode = pmode ? ltolower(cast_uchar(*pmode)) : 0;
+  if (mode == 'n')  /* reject 'inf' and 'nan' */
     return NULL;
-  else if (strpbrk(s, "xX"))  /* hex? */
-    *result = lua_strx2number(s, &endptr);
-  else
-    *result = lua_str2number(s, &endptr);
-  if (endptr == s) return NULL;  /* nothing recognized */
-  while (lisspace(cast_uchar(*endptr))) endptr++;
-  return (*endptr == '\0' ? endptr : NULL);  /* OK if no trailing characters */
+  endptr = l_str2dloc(s, result, mode);  /* try to convert */
+  if (endptr == NULL) {  /* failed? may be a different locale */
+    char buff[L_MAXLENNUM + 1];
+    char *pdot = strchr(s, '.');
+    if (strlen(s) > L_MAXLENNUM || pdot == NULL)
+      return NULL;  /* string too long or no dot; fail */
+    strcpy(buff, s);  /* copy string to buffer */
+    buff[pdot - s] = lua_getlocaledecpoint();  /* correct decimal point */
+    endptr = l_str2dloc(buff, result, mode);  /* try again */
+    if (endptr != NULL)
+      endptr = s + (endptr - buff);  /* make relative to 's' */
+  }
+  return endptr;
 }
 
 
+#define MAXBY10		cast(lua_Unsigned, LUA_MAXINTEGER / 10)
+#define MAXLASTD	cast_int(LUA_MAXINTEGER % 10)
+
 static const char *l_str2int (const char *s, lua_Integer *result) {
   lua_Unsigned a = 0;
   int empty = 1;
@@ -273,7 +312,10 @@ static const char *l_str2int (const char *s, lua_Integer *result) {
   }
   else {  /* decimal */
     for (; lisdigit(cast_uchar(*s)); s++) {
-      a = a * 10 + *s - '0';
+      int d = *s - '0';
+      if (a >= MAXBY10 && (a > MAXBY10 || d > MAXLASTD + neg))  /* overflow? */
+        return NULL;  /* do not accept it (as integer) */
+      a = a * 10 + d;
       empty = 0;
     }
   }
@@ -351,8 +393,10 @@ static void pushstr (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l) {
 }
 
 
-/* this function handles only '%d', '%c', '%f', '%p', and '%s' 
-   conventional formats, plus Lua-specific '%I' and '%U' */
+/*
+** this function handles only '%d', '%c', '%f', '%p', and '%s' 
+   conventional formats, plus Lua-specific '%I' and '%U'
+*/
 const char *luaO_pushvfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, va_list argp) {
   int n = 0;
   for (;;) {
@@ -360,13 +404,13 @@ const char *luaO_pushvfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, va_list argp) {
     if (e == NULL) break;
     pushstr(L, fmt, e - fmt);
     switch (*(e+1)) {
-      case 's': {
+      case 's': {  /* zero-terminated string */
         const char *s = va_arg(argp, char *);
         if (s == NULL) s = "(null)";
         pushstr(L, s, strlen(s));
         break;
       }
-      case 'c': {
+      case 'c': {  /* an 'int' as a character */
         char buff = cast(char, va_arg(argp, int));
         if (lisprint(cast_uchar(buff)))
           pushstr(L, &buff, 1);
@@ -374,28 +418,28 @@ const char *luaO_pushvfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, va_list argp) {
           luaO_pushfstring(L, "<\\%d>", cast_uchar(buff));
         break;
       }
-      case 'd': {
+      case 'd': {  /* an 'int' */
         setivalue(L->top, va_arg(argp, int));
         goto top2str;
       }
-      case 'I': {
+      case 'I': {  /* a 'lua_Integer' */
         setivalue(L->top, cast(lua_Integer, va_arg(argp, l_uacInt)));
         goto top2str;
       }
-      case 'f': {
+      case 'f': {  /* a 'lua_Number' */
         setfltvalue(L->top, cast_num(va_arg(argp, l_uacNumber)));
-      top2str:
+      top2str:  /* convert the top element to a string */
         luaD_inctop(L);
         luaO_tostring(L, L->top - 1);
         break;
       }
-      case 'p': {
+      case 'p': {  /* a pointer */
         char buff[4*sizeof(void *) + 8]; /* should be enough space for a '%p' */
         int l = l_sprintf(buff, sizeof(buff), "%p", va_arg(argp, void *));
         pushstr(L, buff, l);
         break;
       }
-      case 'U': {
+      case 'U': {  /* an 'int' as a UTF-8 sequence */
         char buff[UTF8BUFFSZ];
         int l = luaO_utf8esc(buff, cast(long, va_arg(argp, long)));
         pushstr(L, buff + UTF8BUFFSZ - l, l);
diff --git a/src/loslib.c b/src/loslib.c
index 7dae5336..48106555 100644
--- a/src/loslib.c
+++ b/src/loslib.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: loslib.c,v 1.60 2015/11/19 19:16:22 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: loslib.c,v 1.64 2016/04/18 13:06:55 roberto Exp $
 ** Standard Operating System library
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -24,18 +24,29 @@
 
 /*
 ** {==================================================================
-** list of valid conversion specifiers for the 'strftime' function
+** List of valid conversion specifiers for the 'strftime' function;
+** options are grouped by length; group of length 2 start with '||'.
 ** ===================================================================
 */
 #if !defined(LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS)	/* { */
 
-#if defined(LUA_USE_C89)
-#define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS	{ "aAbBcdHIjmMpSUwWxXyYz%", "" }
+/* options for ANSI C 89 */
+#define L_STRFTIMEC89		"aAbBcdHIjmMpSUwWxXyYZ%"
+
+/* options for ISO C 99 and POSIX */
+#define L_STRFTIMEC99 "aAbBcCdDeFgGhHIjmMnprRStTuUVwWxXyYzZ%" \
+	"||" "EcECExEXEyEY" "OdOeOHOIOmOMOSOuOUOVOwOWOy"
+
+/* options for Windows */
+#define L_STRFTIMEWIN "aAbBcdHIjmMpSUwWxXyYzZ%" \
+	"||" "#c#x#d#H#I#j#m#M#S#U#w#W#y#Y"
+
+#if defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS)
+#define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS	L_STRFTIMEWIN
+#elif defined(LUA_USE_C89)
+#define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS	L_STRFTIMEC89
 #else  /* C99 specification */
-#define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS \
-	{ "aAbBcCdDeFgGhHIjmMnprRStTuUVwWxXyYzZ%", "", \
-	  "E", "cCxXyY",  \
-	  "O", "deHImMSuUVwWy" }
+#define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS	L_STRFTIMEC99
 #endif
 
 #endif					/* } */
@@ -195,6 +206,23 @@ static void setboolfield (lua_State *L, const char *key, int value) {
   lua_setfield(L, -2, key);
 }
 
+
+/*
+** Set all fields from structure 'tm' in the table on top of the stack
+*/
+static void setallfields (lua_State *L, struct tm *stm) {
+  setfield(L, "sec", stm->tm_sec);
+  setfield(L, "min", stm->tm_min);
+  setfield(L, "hour", stm->tm_hour);
+  setfield(L, "day", stm->tm_mday);
+  setfield(L, "month", stm->tm_mon + 1);
+  setfield(L, "year", stm->tm_year + 1900);
+  setfield(L, "wday", stm->tm_wday + 1);
+  setfield(L, "yday", stm->tm_yday + 1);
+  setboolfield(L, "isdst", stm->tm_isdst);
+}
+
+
 static int getboolfield (lua_State *L, const char *key) {
   int res;
   res = (lua_getfield(L, -1, key) == LUA_TNIL) ? -1 : lua_toboolean(L, -1);
@@ -210,18 +238,18 @@ static int getboolfield (lua_State *L, const char *key) {
 
 static int getfield (lua_State *L, const char *key, int d, int delta) {
   int isnum;
-  int t = lua_getfield(L, -1, key);
+  int t = lua_getfield(L, -1, key);  /* get field and its type */
   lua_Integer res = lua_tointegerx(L, -1, &isnum);
-  if (!isnum) {  /* field is not a number? */
+  if (!isnum) {  /* field is not an integer? */
     if (t != LUA_TNIL)  /* some other value? */
-      return luaL_error(L, "field '%s' not an integer", key);
+      return luaL_error(L, "field '%s' is not an integer", key);
     else if (d < 0)  /* absent field; no default? */
       return luaL_error(L, "field '%s' missing in date table", key);
     res = d;
   }
   else {
     if (!(-L_MAXDATEFIELD <= res && res <= L_MAXDATEFIELD))
-      return luaL_error(L, "field '%s' out-of-bounds", key);
+      return luaL_error(L, "field '%s' is out-of-bound", key);
     res -= delta;
   }
   lua_pop(L, 1);
@@ -230,21 +258,15 @@ static int getfield (lua_State *L, const char *key, int d, int delta) {
 
 
 static const char *checkoption (lua_State *L, const char *conv, char *buff) {
-  static const char *const options[] = LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS;
-  unsigned int i;
-  for (i = 0; i < sizeof(options)/sizeof(options[0]); i += 2) {
-    if (*conv != '\0' && strchr(options[i], *conv) != NULL) {
-      buff[1] = *conv;
-      if (*options[i + 1] == '\0') {  /* one-char conversion specifier? */
-        buff[2] = '\0';  /* end buffer */
-        return conv + 1;
-      }
-      else if (*(conv + 1) != '\0' &&
-               strchr(options[i + 1], *(conv + 1)) != NULL) {
-        buff[2] = *(conv + 1);  /* valid two-char conversion specifier */
-        buff[3] = '\0';  /* end buffer */
-        return conv + 2;
-      }
+  const char *option;
+  int oplen = 1;
+  for (option = LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS; *option != '\0'; option += oplen) {
+    if (*option == '|')  /* next block? */
+      oplen++;  /* next length */
+    else if (memcmp(conv, option, oplen) == 0) {  /* match? */
+      memcpy(buff, conv, oplen);  /* copy valid option to buffer */
+      buff[oplen] = '\0';
+      return conv + oplen;  /* return next item */
     }
   }
   luaL_argerror(L, 1,
@@ -271,18 +293,10 @@ static int os_date (lua_State *L) {
     luaL_error(L, "time result cannot be represented in this installation");
   if (strcmp(s, "*t") == 0) {
     lua_createtable(L, 0, 9);  /* 9 = number of fields */
-    setfield(L, "sec", stm->tm_sec);
-    setfield(L, "min", stm->tm_min);
-    setfield(L, "hour", stm->tm_hour);
-    setfield(L, "day", stm->tm_mday);
-    setfield(L, "month", stm->tm_mon+1);
-    setfield(L, "year", stm->tm_year+1900);
-    setfield(L, "wday", stm->tm_wday+1);
-    setfield(L, "yday", stm->tm_yday+1);
-    setboolfield(L, "isdst", stm->tm_isdst);
+    setallfields(L, stm);
   }
   else {
-    char cc[4];
+    char cc[4];  /* buffer for individual conversion specifiers */
     luaL_Buffer b;
     cc[0] = '%';
     luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
@@ -292,7 +306,7 @@ static int os_date (lua_State *L) {
       else {
         size_t reslen;
         char *buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, SIZETIMEFMT);
-        s = checkoption(L, s + 1, cc);
+        s = checkoption(L, s + 1, cc + 1);  /* copy specifier to 'cc' */
         reslen = strftime(buff, SIZETIMEFMT, cc, stm);
         luaL_addsize(&b, reslen);
       }
@@ -319,6 +333,7 @@ static int os_time (lua_State *L) {
     ts.tm_year = getfield(L, "year", -1, 1900);
     ts.tm_isdst = getboolfield(L, "isdst");
     t = mktime(&ts);
+    setallfields(L, &ts);  /* update fields with normalized values */
   }
   if (t != (time_t)(l_timet)t || t == (time_t)(-1))
     luaL_error(L, "time result cannot be represented in this installation");
diff --git a/src/lparser.c b/src/lparser.c
index 282a6b12..22530a57 100644
--- a/src/lparser.c
+++ b/src/lparser.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lparser.c,v 2.149 2015/11/02 16:09:30 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lparser.c,v 2.153 2016/05/13 19:10:16 roberto Exp $
 ** Lua Parser
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -164,7 +164,8 @@ static int registerlocalvar (LexState *ls, TString *varname) {
   int oldsize = f->sizelocvars;
   luaM_growvector(ls->L, f->locvars, fs->nlocvars, f->sizelocvars,
                   LocVar, SHRT_MAX, "local variables");
-  while (oldsize < f->sizelocvars) f->locvars[oldsize++].varname = NULL;
+  while (oldsize < f->sizelocvars)
+    f->locvars[oldsize++].varname = NULL;
   f->locvars[fs->nlocvars].varname = varname;
   luaC_objbarrier(ls->L, f, varname);
   return fs->nlocvars++;
@@ -230,7 +231,8 @@ static int newupvalue (FuncState *fs, TString *name, expdesc *v) {
   checklimit(fs, fs->nups + 1, MAXUPVAL, "upvalues");
   luaM_growvector(fs->ls->L, f->upvalues, fs->nups, f->sizeupvalues,
                   Upvaldesc, MAXUPVAL, "upvalues");
-  while (oldsize < f->sizeupvalues) f->upvalues[oldsize++].name = NULL;
+  while (oldsize < f->sizeupvalues)
+    f->upvalues[oldsize++].name = NULL;
   f->upvalues[fs->nups].instack = (v->k == VLOCAL);
   f->upvalues[fs->nups].idx = cast_byte(v->u.info);
   f->upvalues[fs->nups].name = name;
@@ -255,7 +257,8 @@ static int searchvar (FuncState *fs, TString *n) {
 */
 static void markupval (FuncState *fs, int level) {
   BlockCnt *bl = fs->bl;
-  while (bl->nactvar > level) bl = bl->previous;
+  while (bl->nactvar > level)
+    bl = bl->previous;
   bl->upval = 1;
 }
 
@@ -264,27 +267,26 @@ static void markupval (FuncState *fs, int level) {
   Find variable with given name 'n'. If it is an upvalue, add this
   upvalue into all intermediate functions.
 */
-static int singlevaraux (FuncState *fs, TString *n, expdesc *var, int base) {
+static void singlevaraux (FuncState *fs, TString *n, expdesc *var, int base) {
   if (fs == NULL)  /* no more levels? */
-    return VVOID;  /* default is global */
+    init_exp(var, VVOID, 0);  /* default is global */
   else {
     int v = searchvar(fs, n);  /* look up locals at current level */
     if (v >= 0) {  /* found? */
       init_exp(var, VLOCAL, v);  /* variable is local */
       if (!base)
         markupval(fs, v);  /* local will be used as an upval */
-      return VLOCAL;
     }
     else {  /* not found as local at current level; try upvalues */
       int idx = searchupvalue(fs, n);  /* try existing upvalues */
       if (idx < 0) {  /* not found? */
-        if (singlevaraux(fs->prev, n, var, 0) == VVOID) /* try upper levels */
-          return VVOID;  /* not found; is a global */
+        singlevaraux(fs->prev, n, var, 0);  /* try upper levels */
+        if (var->k == VVOID)  /* not found? */
+          return;  /* it is a global */
         /* else was LOCAL or UPVAL */
         idx  = newupvalue(fs, n, var);  /* will be a new upvalue */
       }
-      init_exp(var, VUPVAL, idx);
-      return VUPVAL;
+      init_exp(var, VUPVAL, idx);  /* new or old upvalue */
     }
   }
 }
@@ -293,10 +295,11 @@ static int singlevaraux (FuncState *fs, TString *n, expdesc *var, int base) {
 static void singlevar (LexState *ls, expdesc *var) {
   TString *varname = str_checkname(ls);
   FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
-  if (singlevaraux(fs, varname, var, 1) == VVOID) {  /* global name? */
+  singlevaraux(fs, varname, var, 1);
+  if (var->k == VVOID) {  /* global name? */
     expdesc key;
     singlevaraux(fs, ls->envn, var, 1);  /* get environment variable */
-    lua_assert(var->k == VLOCAL || var->k == VUPVAL);
+    lua_assert(var->k != VVOID);  /* this one must exist */
     codestring(ls, &key, varname);  /* key is variable name */
     luaK_indexed(fs, var, &key);  /* env[varname] */
   }
@@ -499,7 +502,8 @@ static Proto *addprototype (LexState *ls) {
   if (fs->np >= f->sizep) {
     int oldsize = f->sizep;
     luaM_growvector(L, f->p, fs->np, f->sizep, Proto *, MAXARG_Bx, "functions");
-    while (oldsize < f->sizep) f->p[oldsize++] = NULL;
+    while (oldsize < f->sizep)
+      f->p[oldsize++] = NULL;
   }
   f->p[fs->np++] = clp = luaF_newproto(L);
   luaC_objbarrier(L, f, clp);
@@ -1226,7 +1230,7 @@ static void labelstat (LexState *ls, TString *label, int line) {
   checkrepeated(fs, ll, label);  /* check for repeated labels */
   checknext(ls, TK_DBCOLON);  /* skip double colon */
   /* create new entry for this label */
-  l = newlabelentry(ls, ll, label, line, fs->pc);
+  l = newlabelentry(ls, ll, label, line, luaK_getlabel(fs));
   skipnoopstat(ls);  /* skip other no-op statements */
   if (block_follow(ls, 0)) {  /* label is last no-op statement in the block? */
     /* assume that locals are already out of scope */
@@ -1494,7 +1498,7 @@ static void exprstat (LexState *ls) {
   }
   else {  /* stat -> func */
     check_condition(ls, v.v.k == VCALL, "syntax error");
-    SETARG_C(getcode(fs, &v.v), 1);  /* call statement uses no results */
+    SETARG_C(getinstruction(fs, &v.v), 1);  /* call statement uses no results */
   }
 }
 
@@ -1511,8 +1515,8 @@ static void retstat (LexState *ls) {
     if (hasmultret(e.k)) {
       luaK_setmultret(fs, &e);
       if (e.k == VCALL && nret == 1) {  /* tail call? */
-        SET_OPCODE(getcode(fs,&e), OP_TAILCALL);
-        lua_assert(GETARG_A(getcode(fs,&e)) == fs->nactvar);
+        SET_OPCODE(getinstruction(fs,&e), OP_TAILCALL);
+        lua_assert(GETARG_A(getinstruction(fs,&e)) == fs->nactvar);
       }
       first = fs->nactvar;
       nret = LUA_MULTRET;  /* return all values */
diff --git a/src/lparser.h b/src/lparser.h
index 62c50cac..02e9b03a 100644
--- a/src/lparser.h
+++ b/src/lparser.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lparser.h,v 1.74 2014/10/25 11:50:46 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lparser.h,v 1.76 2015/12/30 18:16:13 roberto Exp $
 ** Lua Parser
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -13,25 +13,38 @@
 
 
 /*
-** Expression descriptor
+** Expression and variable descriptor.
+** Code generation for variables and expressions can be delayed to allow
+** optimizations; An 'expdesc' structure describes a potentially-delayed
+** variable/expression. It has a description of its "main" value plus a
+** list of conditional jumps that can also produce its value (generated
+** by short-circuit operators 'and'/'or').
 */
 
+/* kinds of variables/expressions */
 typedef enum {
-  VVOID,	/* no value */
-  VNIL,
-  VTRUE,
-  VFALSE,
-  VK,		/* info = index of constant in 'k' */
-  VKFLT,	/* nval = numerical float value */
-  VKINT,	/* nval = numerical integer value */
-  VNONRELOC,	/* info = result register */
-  VLOCAL,	/* info = local register */
-  VUPVAL,       /* info = index of upvalue in 'upvalues' */
-  VINDEXED,	/* t = table register/upvalue; idx = index R/K */
-  VJMP,		/* info = instruction pc */
-  VRELOCABLE,	/* info = instruction pc */
-  VCALL,	/* info = instruction pc */
-  VVARARG	/* info = instruction pc */
+  VVOID,  /* when 'expdesc' describes the last expression a list,
+             this kind means an empty list (so, no expression) */
+  VNIL,  /* constant nil */
+  VTRUE,  /* constant true */
+  VFALSE,  /* constant false */
+  VK,  /* constant in 'k'; info = index of constant in 'k' */
+  VKFLT,  /* floating constant; nval = numerical float value */
+  VKINT,  /* integer constant; nval = numerical integer value */
+  VNONRELOC,  /* expression has its value in a fixed register;
+                 info = result register */
+  VLOCAL,  /* local variable; info = local register */
+  VUPVAL,  /* upvalue variable; info = index of upvalue in 'upvalues' */
+  VINDEXED,  /* indexed variable;
+                ind.vt = whether 't' is register or upvalue;
+                ind.t = table register or upvalue;
+                ind.idx = key's R/K index */
+  VJMP,  /* expression is a test/comparison;
+            info = pc of corresponding jump instruction */
+  VRELOCABLE,  /* expression can put result in any register;
+                  info = instruction pc */
+  VCALL,  /* expression is a function call; info = instruction pc */
+  VVARARG  /* vararg expression; info = instruction pc */
 } expkind;
 
 
@@ -41,14 +54,14 @@ typedef enum {
 typedef struct expdesc {
   expkind k;
   union {
+    lua_Integer ival;    /* for VKINT */
+    lua_Number nval;  /* for VKFLT */
+    int info;  /* for generic use */
     struct {  /* for indexed variables (VINDEXED) */
       short idx;  /* index (R/K) */
       lu_byte t;  /* table (register or upvalue) */
       lu_byte vt;  /* whether 't' is register (VLOCAL) or upvalue (VUPVAL) */
     } ind;
-    int info;  /* for generic use */
-    lua_Number nval;  /* for VKFLT */
-    lua_Integer ival;    /* for VKINT */
   } u;
   int t;  /* patch list of 'exit when true' */
   int f;  /* patch list of 'exit when false' */
diff --git a/src/lstate.h b/src/lstate.h
index 65c914d2..b3033bee 100644
--- a/src/lstate.h
+++ b/src/lstate.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lstate.h,v 2.128 2015/11/13 12:16:51 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lstate.h,v 2.130 2015/12/16 16:39:38 roberto Exp $
 ** Global State
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -33,6 +33,15 @@
 struct lua_longjmp;  /* defined in ldo.c */
 
 
+/*
+** Atomic type (relative to signals) to better ensure that 'lua_sethook' 
+** is thread safe
+*/
+#if !defined(l_signalT)
+#include 
+#define l_signalT	sig_atomic_t
+#endif
+
 
 /* extra stack space to handle TM calls and some other extras */
 #define EXTRA_STACK   5
@@ -162,14 +171,14 @@ struct lua_State {
   struct lua_State *twups;  /* list of threads with open upvalues */
   struct lua_longjmp *errorJmp;  /* current error recover point */
   CallInfo base_ci;  /* CallInfo for first level (C calling Lua) */
-  lua_Hook hook;
+  volatile lua_Hook hook;
   ptrdiff_t errfunc;  /* current error handling function (stack index) */
   int stacksize;
   int basehookcount;
   int hookcount;
   unsigned short nny;  /* number of non-yieldable calls in stack */
   unsigned short nCcalls;  /* number of nested C calls */
-  lu_byte hookmask;
+  l_signalT hookmask;
   lu_byte allowhook;
 };
 
diff --git a/src/lstrlib.c b/src/lstrlib.c
index fe30e34b..12264f88 100644
--- a/src/lstrlib.c
+++ b/src/lstrlib.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lstrlib.c,v 1.239 2015/11/25 16:28:17 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lstrlib.c,v 1.251 2016/05/20 14:13:21 roberto Exp $
 ** Standard library for string operations and pattern-matching
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include 
 #include 
 #include 
+#include 
 #include 
 #include 
 #include 
@@ -26,7 +27,8 @@
 
 /*
 ** maximum number of captures that a pattern can do during
-** pattern-matching. This limit is arbitrary.
+** pattern-matching. This limit is arbitrary, but must fit in
+** an unsigned char.
 */
 #if !defined(LUA_MAXCAPTURES)
 #define LUA_MAXCAPTURES		32
@@ -214,9 +216,8 @@ typedef struct MatchState {
   const char *src_end;  /* end ('\0') of source string */
   const char *p_end;  /* end ('\0') of pattern */
   lua_State *L;
-  size_t nrep;  /* limit to avoid non-linear complexity */
   int matchdepth;  /* control for recursive depth (to avoid C stack overflow) */
-  int level;  /* total number of captures (finished or unfinished) */
+  unsigned char level;  /* total number of captures (finished or unfinished) */
   struct {
     const char *init;
     ptrdiff_t len;
@@ -234,17 +235,6 @@ static const char *match (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p);
 #endif
 
 
-/*
-** parameters to control the maximum number of operators handled in
-** a match (to avoid non-linear complexity). The maximum will be:
-** (subject length) * A_REPS + B_REPS
-*/
-#if !defined(A_REPS)
-#define A_REPS		4
-#define B_REPS		100000
-#endif
-
-
 #define L_ESC		'%'
 #define SPECIALS	"^$*+?.([%-"
 
@@ -502,8 +492,6 @@ static const char *match (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p) {
             s = NULL;  /* fail */
         }
         else {  /* matched once */
-          if (ms->nrep-- == 0)
-            luaL_error(ms->L, "pattern too complex");
           switch (*ep) {  /* handle optional suffix */
             case '?': {  /* optional */
               const char *res;
@@ -607,10 +595,6 @@ static void prepstate (MatchState *ms, lua_State *L,
   ms->src_init = s;
   ms->src_end = s + ls;
   ms->p_end = p + lp;
-  if (ls < (MAX_SIZET - B_REPS) / A_REPS)
-    ms->nrep = A_REPS * ls + B_REPS;
-  else  /* overflow (very long subject) */
-    ms->nrep = MAX_SIZET;  /* no limit */
 }
 
 
@@ -681,6 +665,7 @@ static int str_match (lua_State *L) {
 typedef struct GMatchState {
   const char *src;  /* current position */
   const char *p;  /* pattern */
+  const char *lastmatch;  /* end of last match */
   MatchState ms;  /* match state */
 } GMatchState;
 
@@ -688,14 +673,12 @@ typedef struct GMatchState {
 static int gmatch_aux (lua_State *L) {
   GMatchState *gm = (GMatchState *)lua_touserdata(L, lua_upvalueindex(3));
   const char *src;
+  gm->ms.L = L;
   for (src = gm->src; src <= gm->ms.src_end; src++) {
     const char *e;
     reprepstate(&gm->ms);
-    if ((e = match(&gm->ms, src, gm->p)) != NULL) {
-      if (e == src)  /* empty match? */
-        gm->src =src + 1;  /* go at least one position */
-      else
-        gm->src = e;
+    if ((e = match(&gm->ms, src, gm->p)) != NULL && e != gm->lastmatch) {
+      gm->src = gm->lastmatch = e;
       return push_captures(&gm->ms, src, e);
     }
   }
@@ -711,7 +694,7 @@ static int gmatch (lua_State *L) {
   lua_settop(L, 2);  /* keep them on closure to avoid being collected */
   gm = (GMatchState *)lua_newuserdata(L, sizeof(GMatchState));
   prepstate(&gm->ms, L, s, ls, p, lp);
-  gm->src = s; gm->p = p;
+  gm->src = s; gm->p = p; gm->lastmatch = NULL;
   lua_pushcclosure(L, gmatch_aux, 3);
   return 1;
 }
@@ -778,12 +761,13 @@ static void add_value (MatchState *ms, luaL_Buffer *b, const char *s,
 
 static int str_gsub (lua_State *L) {
   size_t srcl, lp;
-  const char *src = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &srcl);
-  const char *p = luaL_checklstring(L, 2, &lp);
-  int tr = lua_type(L, 3);
-  lua_Integer max_s = luaL_optinteger(L, 4, srcl + 1);
+  const char *src = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &srcl);  /* subject */
+  const char *p = luaL_checklstring(L, 2, &lp);  /* pattern */
+  const char *lastmatch = NULL;  /* end of last match */
+  int tr = lua_type(L, 3);  /* replacement type */
+  lua_Integer max_s = luaL_optinteger(L, 4, srcl + 1);  /* max replacements */
   int anchor = (*p == '^');
-  lua_Integer n = 0;
+  lua_Integer n = 0;  /* replacement count */
   MatchState ms;
   luaL_Buffer b;
   luaL_argcheck(L, tr == LUA_TNUMBER || tr == LUA_TSTRING ||
@@ -796,16 +780,15 @@ static int str_gsub (lua_State *L) {
   prepstate(&ms, L, src, srcl, p, lp);
   while (n < max_s) {
     const char *e;
-    reprepstate(&ms);
-    if ((e = match(&ms, src, p)) != NULL) {
+    reprepstate(&ms);  /* (re)prepare state for new match */
+    if ((e = match(&ms, src, p)) != NULL && e != lastmatch) {  /* match? */
       n++;
-      add_value(&ms, &b, src, e, tr);
+      add_value(&ms, &b, src, e, tr);  /* add replacement to buffer */
+      src = lastmatch = e;
     }
-    if (e && e>src) /* non empty match? */
-      src = e;  /* skip it */
-    else if (src < ms.src_end)
+    else if (src < ms.src_end)  /* otherwise, skip one character */
       luaL_addchar(&b, *src++);
-    else break;
+    else break;  /* end of subject */
     if (anchor) break;
   }
   luaL_addlstring(&b, src, ms.src_end-src);
@@ -830,7 +813,6 @@ static int str_gsub (lua_State *L) {
 ** Hexadecimal floating-point formatter
 */
 
-#include 
 #include 
 
 #define SIZELENMOD	(sizeof(LUA_NUMBER_FRMLEN)/sizeof(char))
@@ -922,16 +904,14 @@ static int lua_number2strx (lua_State *L, char *buff, int sz,
 #define MAX_FORMAT	32
 
 
-static void addquoted (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *b, int arg) {
-  size_t l;
-  const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, arg, &l);
+static void addquoted (luaL_Buffer *b, const char *s, size_t len) {
   luaL_addchar(b, '"');
-  while (l--) {
+  while (len--) {
     if (*s == '"' || *s == '\\' || *s == '\n') {
       luaL_addchar(b, '\\');
       luaL_addchar(b, *s);
     }
-    else if (*s == '\0' || iscntrl(uchar(*s))) {
+    else if (iscntrl(uchar(*s))) {
       char buff[10];
       if (!isdigit(uchar(*(s+1))))
         l_sprintf(buff, sizeof(buff), "\\%d", (int)uchar(*s));
@@ -946,6 +926,57 @@ static void addquoted (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *b, int arg) {
   luaL_addchar(b, '"');
 }
 
+
+/*
+** Ensures the 'buff' string uses a dot as the radix character.
+*/
+static void checkdp (char *buff, int nb) {
+  if (memchr(buff, '.', nb) == NULL) {  /* no dot? */
+    char point = lua_getlocaledecpoint();  /* try locale point */
+    char *ppoint = memchr(buff, point, nb);
+    if (ppoint) *ppoint = '.';  /* change it to a dot */
+  }
+}
+
+
+static void addliteral (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *b, int arg) {
+  switch (lua_type(L, arg)) {
+    case LUA_TSTRING: {
+      size_t len;
+      const char *s = lua_tolstring(L, arg, &len);
+      addquoted(b, s, len);
+      break;
+    }
+    case LUA_TNUMBER: {
+      char *buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(b, MAX_ITEM);
+      int nb;
+      if (!lua_isinteger(L, arg)) {  /* float? */
+        lua_Number n = lua_tonumber(L, arg);  /* write as hexa ('%a') */
+        nb = lua_number2strx(L, buff, MAX_ITEM, "%" LUA_NUMBER_FRMLEN "a", n);
+        checkdp(buff, nb);  /* ensure it uses a dot */
+      }
+      else {  /* integers */
+        lua_Integer n = lua_tointeger(L, arg);
+        const char *format = (n == LUA_MININTEGER)  /* corner case? */
+                           ? "0x%" LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN "x"  /* use hexa */
+                           : LUA_INTEGER_FMT;  /* else use default format */
+        nb = l_sprintf(buff, MAX_ITEM, format, n);
+      }
+      luaL_addsize(b, nb);
+      break;
+    }
+    case LUA_TNIL: case LUA_TBOOLEAN: {
+      luaL_tolstring(L, arg, NULL);
+      luaL_addvalue(b);
+      break;
+    }
+    default: {
+      luaL_argerror(L, arg, "value has no literal form");
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+
 static const char *scanformat (lua_State *L, const char *strfrmt, char *form) {
   const char *p = strfrmt;
   while (*p != '\0' && strchr(FLAGS, *p) != NULL) p++;  /* skip flags */
@@ -1025,7 +1056,7 @@ static int str_format (lua_State *L) {
           break;
         }
         case 'q': {
-          addquoted(L, &b, arg);
+          addliteral(L, &b, arg);
           break;
         }
         case 's': {
@@ -1070,8 +1101,8 @@ static int str_format (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 /* value used for padding */
-#if !defined(LUA_PACKPADBYTE)
-#define LUA_PACKPADBYTE		0x00
+#if !defined(LUAL_PACKPADBYTE)
+#define LUAL_PACKPADBYTE		0x00
 #endif
 
 /* maximum size for the binary representation of an integer */
@@ -1308,7 +1339,7 @@ static int str_pack (lua_State *L) {
     KOption opt = getdetails(&h, totalsize, &fmt, &size, &ntoalign);
     totalsize += ntoalign + size;
     while (ntoalign-- > 0)
-     luaL_addchar(&b, LUA_PACKPADBYTE);  /* fill alignment */
+     luaL_addchar(&b, LUAL_PACKPADBYTE);  /* fill alignment */
     arg++;
     switch (opt) {
       case Kint: {  /* signed integers */
@@ -1343,13 +1374,11 @@ static int str_pack (lua_State *L) {
       case Kchar: {  /* fixed-size string */
         size_t len;
         const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, arg, &len);
-        if ((size_t)size <= len)  /* string larger than (or equal to) needed? */
-          luaL_addlstring(&b, s, size);  /* truncate string to asked size */
-        else {  /* string smaller than needed */
-          luaL_addlstring(&b, s, len);  /* add it all */
-          while (len++ < (size_t)size)  /* pad extra space */
-            luaL_addchar(&b, LUA_PACKPADBYTE);
-        }
+        luaL_argcheck(L, len <= (size_t)size, arg,
+                         "string longer than given size");
+        luaL_addlstring(&b, s, len);  /* add string */
+        while (len++ < (size_t)size)  /* pad extra space */
+          luaL_addchar(&b, LUAL_PACKPADBYTE);
         break;
       }
       case Kstring: {  /* strings with length count */
@@ -1372,7 +1401,7 @@ static int str_pack (lua_State *L) {
         totalsize += len + 1;
         break;
       }
-      case Kpadding: luaL_addchar(&b, LUA_PACKPADBYTE);  /* FALLTHROUGH */
+      case Kpadding: luaL_addchar(&b, LUAL_PACKPADBYTE);  /* FALLTHROUGH */
       case Kpaddalign: case Knop:
         arg--;  /* undo increment */
         break;
diff --git a/src/ltablib.c b/src/ltablib.c
index b3c9a7c5..98b2f871 100644
--- a/src/ltablib.c
+++ b/src/ltablib.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: ltablib.c,v 1.90 2015/11/25 12:48:57 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: ltablib.c,v 1.93 2016/02/25 19:41:54 roberto Exp $
 ** Library for Table Manipulation
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ static void checktab (lua_State *L, int arg, int what) {
       lua_pop(L, n);  /* pop metatable and tested metamethods */
     }
     else
-      luaL_argerror(L, arg, "table expected");  /* force an error */
+      luaL_checktype(L, arg, LUA_TTABLE);  /* force an error */
   }
 }
 
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ static int tmove (lua_State *L) {
     n = e - f + 1;  /* number of elements to move */
     luaL_argcheck(L, t <= LUA_MAXINTEGER - n + 1, 4,
                   "destination wrap around");
-    if (t > e || t <= f || tt != 1) {
+    if (t > e || t <= f || (tt != 1 && !lua_compare(L, 1, tt, LUA_OPEQ))) {
       for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
         lua_geti(L, 1, f + i);
         lua_seti(L, tt, t + i);
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ static int tmove (lua_State *L) {
       }
     }
   }
-  lua_pushvalue(L, tt);  /* return "to table" */
+  lua_pushvalue(L, tt);  /* return destination table */
   return 1;
 }
 
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ static int tconcat (lua_State *L) {
   size_t lsep;
   const char *sep = luaL_optlstring(L, 2, "", &lsep);
   lua_Integer i = luaL_optinteger(L, 3, 1);
-  last = luaL_opt(L, luaL_checkinteger, 4, last);
+  last = luaL_optinteger(L, 4, last);
   luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
   for (; i < last; i++) {
     addfield(L, &b, i);
@@ -232,6 +232,10 @@ static int unpack (lua_State *L) {
 */
 
 
+/* type for array indices */
+typedef unsigned int IdxT;
+
+
 /*
 ** Produce a "random" 'unsigned int' to randomize pivot choice. This
 ** macro is used only when 'sort' detects a big imbalance in the result
@@ -270,7 +274,7 @@ static unsigned int l_randomizePivot (void) {
 #define RANLIMIT	100u
 
 
-static void set2 (lua_State *L, unsigned int i, unsigned int j) {
+static void set2 (lua_State *L, IdxT i, IdxT j) {
   lua_seti(L, 1, i);
   lua_seti(L, 1, j);
 }
@@ -303,10 +307,9 @@ static int sort_comp (lua_State *L, int a, int b) {
 ** Pos-condition: a[lo .. i - 1] <= a[i] == P <= a[i + 1 .. up]
 ** returns 'i'.
 */
-static unsigned int partition (lua_State *L, unsigned int lo,
-                                             unsigned int up) {
-  unsigned int i = lo;  /* will be incremented before first use */
-  unsigned int j = up - 1;  /* will be decremented before first use */
+static IdxT partition (lua_State *L, IdxT lo, IdxT up) {
+  IdxT i = lo;  /* will be incremented before first use */
+  IdxT j = up - 1;  /* will be decremented before first use */
   /* loop invariant: a[lo .. i] <= P <= a[j .. up] */
   for (;;) {
     /* next loop: repeat ++i while a[i] < P */
@@ -340,10 +343,9 @@ static unsigned int partition (lua_State *L, unsigned int lo,
 ** Choose an element in the middle (2nd-3th quarters) of [lo,up]
 ** "randomized" by 'rnd'
 */
-static unsigned int choosePivot (unsigned int lo, unsigned int up,
-                                 unsigned int rnd) {
-  unsigned int r4 = (unsigned int)(up - lo) / 4u;  /* range/4 */
-  unsigned int p = rnd % (r4 * 2) + (lo + r4);
+static IdxT choosePivot (IdxT lo, IdxT up, unsigned int rnd) {
+  IdxT r4 = (up - lo) / 4;  /* range/4 */
+  IdxT p = rnd % (r4 * 2) + (lo + r4);
   lua_assert(lo + r4 <= p && p <= up - r4);
   return p;
 }
@@ -352,11 +354,11 @@ static unsigned int choosePivot (unsigned int lo, unsigned int up,
 /*
 ** QuickSort algorithm (recursive function)
 */
-static void auxsort (lua_State *L, unsigned int lo, unsigned int up,
+static void auxsort (lua_State *L, IdxT lo, IdxT up,
                                    unsigned int rnd) {
   while (lo < up) {  /* loop for tail recursion */
-    unsigned int p;  /* Pivot index */
-    unsigned int n;  /* to be used later */
+    IdxT p;  /* Pivot index */
+    IdxT n;  /* to be used later */
     /* sort elements 'lo', 'p', and 'up' */
     lua_geti(L, 1, lo);
     lua_geti(L, 1, up);
@@ -400,7 +402,7 @@ static void auxsort (lua_State *L, unsigned int lo, unsigned int up,
       n = up - p;  /* size of smaller interval */
       up = p - 1;  /* tail call for [lo .. p - 1]  (lower interval) */
     }
-    if ((up - lo) / 128u > n) /* partition too imbalanced? */
+    if ((up - lo) / 128 > n) /* partition too imbalanced? */
       rnd = l_randomizePivot();  /* try a new randomization */
   }  /* tail call auxsort(L, lo, up, rnd) */
 }
@@ -410,11 +412,10 @@ static int sort (lua_State *L) {
   lua_Integer n = aux_getn(L, 1, TAB_RW);
   if (n > 1) {  /* non-trivial interval? */
     luaL_argcheck(L, n < INT_MAX, 1, "array too big");
-    luaL_checkstack(L, 40, "");  /* assume array is smaller than 2^40 */
     if (!lua_isnoneornil(L, 2))  /* is there a 2nd argument? */
       luaL_checktype(L, 2, LUA_TFUNCTION);  /* must be a function */
     lua_settop(L, 2);  /* make sure there are two arguments */
-    auxsort(L, 1, (unsigned int)n, 0u);
+    auxsort(L, 1, (IdxT)n, 0);
   }
   return 0;
 }
diff --git a/src/ltm.c b/src/ltm.c
index 22b4df39..4650cc29 100644
--- a/src/ltm.c
+++ b/src/ltm.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: ltm.c,v 2.36 2015/11/03 15:47:30 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: ltm.c,v 2.37 2016/02/26 19:20:15 roberto Exp $
 ** Tag methods
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -83,6 +83,22 @@ const TValue *luaT_gettmbyobj (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, TMS event) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Return the name of the type of an object. For tables and userdata
+** with metatable, use their '__name' metafield, if present.
+*/
+const char *luaT_objtypename (lua_State *L, const TValue *o) {
+  Table *mt;
+  if ((ttistable(o) && (mt = hvalue(o)->metatable) != NULL) ||
+      (ttisfulluserdata(o) && (mt = uvalue(o)->metatable) != NULL)) {
+    const TValue *name = luaH_getshortstr(mt, luaS_new(L, "__name"));
+    if (ttisstring(name))  /* is '__name' a string? */
+      return getstr(tsvalue(name));  /* use it as type name */
+  }
+  return ttypename(ttnov(o));  /* else use standard type name */
+}
+
+
 void luaT_callTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *f, const TValue *p1,
                   const TValue *p2, TValue *p3, int hasres) {
   ptrdiff_t result = savestack(L, p3);
diff --git a/src/ltm.h b/src/ltm.h
index 180179ce..63db7269 100644
--- a/src/ltm.h
+++ b/src/ltm.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: ltm.h,v 2.21 2014/10/25 11:50:46 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: ltm.h,v 2.22 2016/02/26 19:20:15 roberto Exp $
 ** Tag methods
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -51,11 +51,12 @@ typedef enum {
 #define fasttm(l,et,e)	gfasttm(G(l), et, e)
 
 #define ttypename(x)	luaT_typenames_[(x) + 1]
-#define objtypename(x)	ttypename(ttnov(x))
 
 LUAI_DDEC const char *const luaT_typenames_[LUA_TOTALTAGS];
 
 
+LUAI_FUNC const char *luaT_objtypename (lua_State *L, const TValue *o);
+
 LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaT_gettm (Table *events, TMS event, TString *ename);
 LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaT_gettmbyobj (lua_State *L, const TValue *o,
                                                        TMS event);
diff --git a/src/lua.h b/src/lua.h
index 06381d71..f78899fc 100644
--- a/src/lua.h
+++ b/src/lua.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lua.h,v 1.329 2015/11/13 17:18:42 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lua.h,v 1.331 2016/05/30 15:53:28 roberto Exp $
 ** Lua - A Scripting Language
 ** Lua.org, PUC-Rio, Brazil (http://www.lua.org)
 ** See Copyright Notice at the end of this file
@@ -19,11 +19,11 @@
 #define LUA_VERSION_MAJOR	"5"
 #define LUA_VERSION_MINOR	"3"
 #define LUA_VERSION_NUM		503
-#define LUA_VERSION_RELEASE	"2"
+#define LUA_VERSION_RELEASE	"3"
 
 #define LUA_VERSION	"Lua " LUA_VERSION_MAJOR "." LUA_VERSION_MINOR
 #define LUA_RELEASE	LUA_VERSION "." LUA_VERSION_RELEASE
-#define LUA_COPYRIGHT	LUA_RELEASE "  Copyright (C) 1994-2015 Lua.org, PUC-Rio"
+#define LUA_COPYRIGHT	LUA_RELEASE "  Copyright (C) 1994-2016 Lua.org, PUC-Rio"
 #define LUA_AUTHORS	"R. Ierusalimschy, L. H. de Figueiredo, W. Celes"
 
 
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ LUA_API void      (lua_setallocf) (lua_State *L, lua_Alloc f, void *ud);
 #define lua_pushliteral(L, s)	lua_pushstring(L, "" s)
 
 #define lua_pushglobaltable(L)  \
-	lua_rawgeti(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS)
+	((void)lua_rawgeti(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS))
 
 #define lua_tostring(L,i)	lua_tolstring(L, (i), NULL)
 
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@ struct lua_Debug {
 
 
 /******************************************************************************
-* Copyright (C) 1994-2015 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
+* Copyright (C) 1994-2016 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
 * a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
diff --git a/src/lua.rc b/src/lua.rc
index 8faa0cbc..7977a989 100644
--- a/src/lua.rc
+++ b/src/lua.rc
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 0  ICON  "../etc/lua_lang.ico"
 
 1 VERSIONINFO
- FILEVERSION 5,3,0,0
- PRODUCTVERSION 5,3,0,0
+ FILEVERSION 5,3,3,0
+ PRODUCTVERSION 5,3,3,0
 BEGIN
     BLOCK "StringFileInfo"
     BEGIN
@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ BEGIN
             VALUE "Comments", "www.lua.org\0"
             VALUE "CompanyName", "Lua.org\0"
             VALUE "FileDescription", "Lua Standalone Interpreter\0"
-            VALUE "FileVersion", "5.3.0\0"
-            VALUE "LegalCopyright", "Copyright © 1994-2015 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.\0"
+            VALUE "FileVersion", "5.3.3\0"
+            VALUE "LegalCopyright", "Copyright � 1994-2015 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.\0"
             VALUE "OriginalFilename", "lua.exe\0"
             VALUE "ProductName", "Lua - The Programming Language\0"
-            VALUE "ProductVersion", "5.3.0\0"
+            VALUE "ProductVersion", "5.3.3\0"
             VALUE "PrivateBuild", "Built using LuaDist\0"
         END
     END
diff --git a/src/luac.rc b/src/luac.rc
index ab5d535d..217aae2e 100644
--- a/src/luac.rc
+++ b/src/luac.rc
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 0  ICON  "../etc/lua.ico"
 
 1 VERSIONINFO
- FILEVERSION 5,3,0,0
- PRODUCTVERSION 5,3,0,0
+ FILEVERSION 5,3,3,0
+ PRODUCTVERSION 5,3,3,0
 BEGIN
     BLOCK "StringFileInfo"
     BEGIN
@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ BEGIN
             VALUE "Comments", "www.lua.org\0"
             VALUE "CompanyName", "Lua.org\0"
             VALUE "FileDescription", "Lua Compiler\0"
-            VALUE "FileVersion", "5.3.0\0"
-            VALUE "LegalCopyright", "Copyright © 1994-2015 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.\0"
+            VALUE "FileVersion", "5.3.3\0"
+            VALUE "LegalCopyright", "Copyright � 1994-2015 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.\0"
             VALUE "OriginalFilename", "luac.exe\0"
             VALUE "ProductName", "Lua - The Programming Language\0"
-            VALUE "ProductVersion", "5.3.0\0"
+            VALUE "ProductVersion", "5.3.3\0"
             VALUE "PrivateBuild", "Built using LuaDist\0"
         END
     END
diff --git a/src/luaconf.h.in b/src/luaconf.h.in
index a4bbb940..4773d333 100644
--- a/src/luaconf.h.in
+++ b/src/luaconf.h.in
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: luaconf.h,v 1.254 2015/10/21 18:17:40 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: luaconf.h,v 1.255 2016/05/01 20:06:09 roberto Exp $
 ** Configuration file for Lua
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -568,7 +568,7 @@
 ** provide its own implementation.
 */
 #if !defined(LUA_USE_C89)
-#define lua_number2strx(L,b,sz,f,n)	l_sprintf(b,sz,f,n)
+#define lua_number2strx(L,b,sz,f,n)	((void)L, l_sprintf(b,sz,f,n))
 #endif
 
 
diff --git a/src/luaconf.h.orig b/src/luaconf.h.orig
index b4ed5001..fd447ccb 100644
--- a/src/luaconf.h.orig
+++ b/src/luaconf.h.orig
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: luaconf.h,v 1.254 2015/10/21 18:17:40 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: luaconf.h,v 1.255 2016/05/01 20:06:09 roberto Exp $
 ** Configuration file for Lua
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@
 ** provide its own implementation.
 */
 #if !defined(LUA_USE_C89)
-#define lua_number2strx(L,b,sz,f,n)	l_sprintf(b,sz,f,n)
+#define lua_number2strx(L,b,sz,f,n)	((void)L, l_sprintf(b,sz,f,n))
 #endif
 
 
diff --git a/src/lvm.c b/src/lvm.c
index aba7ace8..84ade6b2 100644
--- a/src/lvm.c
+++ b/src/lvm.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lvm.c,v 2.265 2015/11/23 11:30:45 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lvm.c,v 2.268 2016/02/05 19:59:14 roberto Exp $
 ** Lua virtual machine
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -153,55 +153,69 @@ static int forlimit (const TValue *obj, lua_Integer *p, lua_Integer step,
 
 
 /*
-** Complete a table access: if 't' is a table, 'tm' has its metamethod;
-** otherwise, 'tm' is NULL.
+** Finish the table access 'val = t[key]'.
+** if 'slot' is NULL, 't' is not a table; otherwise, 'slot' points to
+** t[k] entry (which must be nil).
 */
 void luaV_finishget (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key, StkId val,
-                      const TValue *tm) {
+                      const TValue *slot) {
   int loop;  /* counter to avoid infinite loops */
-  lua_assert(tm != NULL || !ttistable(t));
+  const TValue *tm;  /* metamethod */
   for (loop = 0; loop < MAXTAGLOOP; loop++) {
-    if (tm == NULL) {  /* no metamethod (from a table)? */
-      if (ttisnil(tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, t, TM_INDEX)))
+    if (slot == NULL) {  /* 't' is not a table? */
+      lua_assert(!ttistable(t));
+      tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, t, TM_INDEX);
+      if (ttisnil(tm))
         luaG_typeerror(L, t, "index");  /* no metamethod */
+      /* else will try the metamethod */
     }
-    if (ttisfunction(tm)) {  /* metamethod is a function */
+    else {  /* 't' is a table */
+      lua_assert(ttisnil(slot));
+      tm = fasttm(L, hvalue(t)->metatable, TM_INDEX);  /* table's metamethod */
+      if (tm == NULL) {  /* no metamethod? */
+        setnilvalue(val);  /* result is nil */
+        return;
+      }
+      /* else will try the metamethod */
+    }
+    if (ttisfunction(tm)) {  /* is metamethod a function? */
       luaT_callTM(L, tm, t, key, val, 1);  /* call it */
       return;
     }
-    t = tm;  /* else repeat access over 'tm' */
-    if (luaV_fastget(L,t,key,tm,luaH_get)) {  /* try fast track */
-      setobj2s(L, val, tm);  /* done */
+    t = tm;  /* else try to access 'tm[key]' */
+    if (luaV_fastget(L,t,key,slot,luaH_get)) {  /* fast track? */
+      setobj2s(L, val, slot);  /* done */
       return;
     }
-    /* else repeat */
+    /* else repeat (tail call 'luaV_finishget') */
   }
-  luaG_runerror(L, "gettable chain too long; possible loop");
+  luaG_runerror(L, "'__index' chain too long; possible loop");
 }
 
 
 /*
-** Main function for table assignment (invoking metamethods if needed).
-** Compute 't[key] = val'
+** Finish a table assignment 't[key] = val'.
+** If 'slot' is NULL, 't' is not a table.  Otherwise, 'slot' points
+** to the entry 't[key]', or to 'luaO_nilobject' if there is no such
+** entry.  (The value at 'slot' must be nil, otherwise 'luaV_fastset'
+** would have done the job.)
 */
 void luaV_finishset (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key,
-                     StkId val, const TValue *oldval) {
+                     StkId val, const TValue *slot) {
   int loop;  /* counter to avoid infinite loops */
   for (loop = 0; loop < MAXTAGLOOP; loop++) {
-    const TValue *tm;
-    if (oldval != NULL) {
-      lua_assert(ttistable(t) && ttisnil(oldval));
-      /* must check the metamethod */
-      if ((tm = fasttm(L, hvalue(t)->metatable, TM_NEWINDEX)) == NULL &&
-         /* no metamethod; is there a previous entry in the table? */
-         (oldval != luaO_nilobject ||
-         /* no previous entry; must create one. (The next test is
-            always true; we only need the assignment.) */
-         (oldval = luaH_newkey(L, hvalue(t), key), 1))) {
+    const TValue *tm;  /* '__newindex' metamethod */
+    if (slot != NULL) {  /* is 't' a table? */
+      Table *h = hvalue(t);  /* save 't' table */
+      lua_assert(ttisnil(slot));  /* old value must be nil */
+      tm = fasttm(L, h->metatable, TM_NEWINDEX);  /* get metamethod */
+      if (tm == NULL) {  /* no metamethod? */
+        if (slot == luaO_nilobject)  /* no previous entry? */
+          slot = luaH_newkey(L, h, key);  /* create one */
         /* no metamethod and (now) there is an entry with given key */
-        setobj2t(L, cast(TValue *, oldval), val);
-        invalidateTMcache(hvalue(t));
-        luaC_barrierback(L, hvalue(t), val);
+        setobj2t(L, cast(TValue *, slot), val);  /* set its new value */
+        invalidateTMcache(h);
+        luaC_barrierback(L, h, val);
         return;
       }
       /* else will try the metamethod */
@@ -216,11 +230,11 @@ void luaV_finishset (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key,
       return;
     }
     t = tm;  /* else repeat assignment over 'tm' */
-    if (luaV_fastset(L, t, key, oldval, luaH_get, val))
+    if (luaV_fastset(L, t, key, slot, luaH_get, val))
       return;  /* done */
     /* else loop */
   }
-  luaG_runerror(L, "settable chain too long; possible loop");
+  luaG_runerror(L, "'__newindex' chain too long; possible loop");
 }
 
 
@@ -738,18 +752,28 @@ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) {
            luai_threadyield(L); }
 
 
+/* fetch an instruction and prepare its execution */
+#define vmfetch()	{ \
+  i = *(ci->u.l.savedpc++); \
+  if (L->hookmask & (LUA_MASKLINE | LUA_MASKCOUNT)) \
+    Protect(luaG_traceexec(L)); \
+  ra = RA(i); /* WARNING: any stack reallocation invalidates 'ra' */ \
+  lua_assert(base == ci->u.l.base); \
+  lua_assert(base <= L->top && L->top < L->stack + L->stacksize); \
+}
+
 #define vmdispatch(o)	switch(o)
 #define vmcase(l)	case l:
 #define vmbreak		break
 
 
 /*
-** copy of 'luaV_gettable', but protecting call to potential metamethod
-** (which can reallocate the stack)
+** copy of 'luaV_gettable', but protecting the call to potential
+** metamethod (which can reallocate the stack)
 */
-#define gettableProtected(L,t,k,v)  { const TValue *aux; \
-  if (luaV_fastget(L,t,k,aux,luaH_get)) { setobj2s(L, v, aux); } \
-  else Protect(luaV_finishget(L,t,k,v,aux)); }
+#define gettableProtected(L,t,k,v)  { const TValue *slot; \
+  if (luaV_fastget(L,t,k,slot,luaH_get)) { setobj2s(L, v, slot); } \
+  else Protect(luaV_finishget(L,t,k,v,slot)); }
 
 
 /* same for 'luaV_settable' */
@@ -772,14 +796,9 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L) {
   base = ci->u.l.base;  /* local copy of function's base */
   /* main loop of interpreter */
   for (;;) {
-    Instruction i = *(ci->u.l.savedpc++);
+    Instruction i;
     StkId ra;
-    if (L->hookmask & (LUA_MASKLINE | LUA_MASKCOUNT))
-      Protect(luaG_traceexec(L));
-    /* WARNING: several calls may realloc the stack and invalidate 'ra' */
-    ra = RA(i);
-    lua_assert(base == ci->u.l.base);
-    lua_assert(base <= L->top && L->top < L->stack + L->stacksize);
+    vmfetch();
     vmdispatch (GET_OPCODE(i)) {
       vmcase(OP_MOVE) {
         setobjs2s(L, ra, RB(i));
diff --git a/src/lvm.h b/src/lvm.h
index fd0e748d..bcf52d20 100644
--- a/src/lvm.h
+++ b/src/lvm.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lvm.h,v 2.39 2015/09/09 13:44:07 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lvm.h,v 2.40 2016/01/05 16:07:21 roberto Exp $
 ** Lua virtual machine
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -49,25 +49,24 @@
 
 
 /*
-** fast track for 'gettable': 1 means 'aux' points to resulted value;
-** 0 means 'aux' is metamethod (if 't' is a table) or NULL. 'f' is
-** the raw get function to use.
+** fast track for 'gettable': if 't' is a table and 't[k]' is not nil,
+** return 1 with 'slot' pointing to 't[k]' (final result).  Otherwise,
+** return 0 (meaning it will have to check metamethod) with 'slot'
+** pointing to a nil 't[k]' (if 't' is a table) or NULL (otherwise).
+** 'f' is the raw get function to use.
 */
-#define luaV_fastget(L,t,k,aux,f) \
+#define luaV_fastget(L,t,k,slot,f) \
   (!ttistable(t)  \
-   ? (aux = NULL, 0)  /* not a table; 'aux' is NULL and result is 0 */  \
-   : (aux = f(hvalue(t), k),  /* else, do raw access */  \
-      !ttisnil(aux) ? 1  /* result not nil? 'aux' has it */  \
-      : (aux = fasttm(L, hvalue(t)->metatable, TM_INDEX),  /* get metamethod */\
-         aux != NULL  ? 0  /* has metamethod? must call it */  \
-         : (aux = luaO_nilobject, 1))))  /* else, final result is nil */
+   ? (slot = NULL, 0)  /* not a table; 'slot' is NULL and result is 0 */  \
+   : (slot = f(hvalue(t), k),  /* else, do raw access */  \
+      !ttisnil(slot)))  /* result not nil? */
 
 /*
 ** standard implementation for 'gettable'
 */
-#define luaV_gettable(L,t,k,v) { const TValue *aux; \
-  if (luaV_fastget(L,t,k,aux,luaH_get)) { setobj2s(L, v, aux); } \
-  else luaV_finishget(L,t,k,v,aux); }
+#define luaV_gettable(L,t,k,v) { const TValue *slot; \
+  if (luaV_fastget(L,t,k,slot,luaH_get)) { setobj2s(L, v, slot); } \
+  else luaV_finishget(L,t,k,v,slot); }
 
 
 /*
@@ -100,9 +99,9 @@ LUAI_FUNC int luaV_lessequal (lua_State *L, const TValue *l, const TValue *r);
 LUAI_FUNC int luaV_tonumber_ (const TValue *obj, lua_Number *n);
 LUAI_FUNC int luaV_tointeger (const TValue *obj, lua_Integer *p, int mode);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaV_finishget (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key,
-                               StkId val, const TValue *tm);
+                               StkId val, const TValue *slot);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaV_finishset (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key,
-                               StkId val, const TValue *oldval);
+                               StkId val, const TValue *slot);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaV_execute (lua_State *L);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaV_concat (lua_State *L, int total);

From ac922ddb8331fba3d0b63e502fac8cc376bcadcd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Xpol Wan 
Date: Mon, 21 Oct 2019 23:00:05 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 2/3] Updated to lua-5.3.4.

---
 Makefile           |   2 +-
 README.md          |   2 +-
 dist.info          |   2 +-
 doc/contents.html  |   7 +-
 doc/logo.gif       | Bin 4232 -> 9893 bytes
 doc/lua.1          |   3 +-
 doc/manual.html    | 271 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------
 doc/readme.html    |   6 +-
 src/lauxlib.c      |  46 ++++----
 src/lauxlib.h      |  12 +-
 src/lbaselib.c     |   4 +-
 src/lcode.c        |  22 ++--
 src/ldebug.c       |  45 +++++---
 src/ldo.c          | 204 +++++++++++++++++-----------------
 src/lgc.c          |   8 +-
 src/linit.c        |   6 +-
 src/liolib.c       |  17 +--
 src/lmathlib.c     |  17 +--
 src/loadlib.c      | 169 ++++++++++++++--------------
 src/lobject.c      |   6 +-
 src/lobject.h      |   4 +-
 src/lopcodes.h     |   4 +-
 src/loslib.c       |  28 +++--
 src/lparser.c      |  14 +--
 src/lstate.h       |  11 +-
 src/lstrlib.c      |  20 ++--
 src/ltable.c       |  46 ++++----
 src/ltable.h       |  14 ++-
 src/ltm.c          |   4 +-
 src/lua.c          |  13 ++-
 src/lua.h          |   8 +-
 src/lua.rc         |   8 +-
 src/luac.rc        |   8 +-
 src/luaconf.h.in   |  32 ++++--
 src/luaconf.h.orig |  34 ++++--
 src/lualib.h       |   5 +-
 src/lutf8lib.c     |   4 +-
 src/lvm.h          |   4 +-
 38 files changed, 646 insertions(+), 464 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index c795dd79..119110d2 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ TO_MAN= lua.1 luac.1
 
 # Lua version and release.
 V= 5.3
-R= $V.3
+R= $V.4
 
 # Targets start here.
 all:	$(PLAT)
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index e84d9acb..0b31908a 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 
-This is Lua 5.3.3, released on 30 May 2016.
+This is Lua 5.3.4, released on 12 Jan 2017.
 
 For installation instructions, license details, and
 further information about Lua, see doc/readme.html.
diff --git a/dist.info b/dist.info
index dc1d7ddc..53de4661 100644
--- a/dist.info
+++ b/dist.info
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 --- This file is part of LuaDist project
 
 name = "lua"
-version = "5.3.3"
+version = "5.3.4"
 
 desc = "Lua is a powerful, fast, light-weight, embeddable scripting language."
 author = "Roberto Ierusalimschy, Waldemar Celes, Luiz Henrique de Figueiredo"
diff --git a/doc/contents.html b/doc/contents.html
index ca0f5682..445556f9 100644
--- a/doc/contents.html
+++ b/doc/contents.html
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ 
    
 
 
    
 
-Copyright © 2015–2016 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
+Copyright © 2015–2017 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
 Freely available under the terms of the
 Lua license.
 
@@ -512,6 +512,7 @@ 
    auxiliary library
    
 luaL_newmetatable
    
 luaL_newstate
    
 luaL_openlibs
    
+luaL_opt
    
 luaL_optinteger
    
 luaL_optlstring
    
 luaL_optnumber
    
@@ -608,10 +609,10 @@ 
    constants
    
 
 
    
 Last update:
-Thu Jan 14 10:14:28 BRST 2016
+Thu Dec 22 18:29:39 BRST 2016
 
    
 
 
 
diff --git a/doc/logo.gif b/doc/logo.gif
index 2f5e4ac2e742fbb7675e739879211553758aea9c..5c77eacc3b8f397fb2e87d2aaecd89128e53a117 100644
GIT binary patch
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diff --git a/doc/lua.1 b/doc/lua.1
index 411531b9..d728d0b8 100644
--- a/doc/lua.1
+++ b/doc/lua.1
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-.TH LUA 1 "$Date: 2014/12/10 15:55:45 $"
+.\" $Id: lua.man,v 1.14 2016/10/17 15:43:50 lhf Exp $
+.TH LUA 1 "$Date: 2016/10/17 15:43:50 $"
 .SH NAME
 lua \- Lua interpreter
 .SH SYNOPSIS
diff --git a/doc/manual.html b/doc/manual.html
index 5fb26b23..3126b5d6 100644
--- a/doc/manual.html
+++ b/doc/manual.html
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ 
    
 
 
    
 
-Copyright © 2015–2016 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
+Copyright © 2015–2017 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
 Freely available under the terms of the
 Lua license.
 
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ 
    
 
 
    
 
-
+
 
 
 
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ 
    2.1 – Values and Types
    
 
 
    
 Tables are the sole data-structuring mechanism in Lua;
-they can be used to represent ordinary arrays, sequences,
+they can be used to represent ordinary arrays, lists,
 symbol tables, sets, records, graphs, trees, etc.
 To represent records, Lua uses the field name as an index.
 The language supports this representation by
@@ -225,13 +225,6 @@ 
    2.1 – Values and Types
    
 (see §3.4.9).
 
 
-
    
-We use the term sequence to denote a table where
-the set of all positive numeric keys is equal to {1..n}
-for some non-negative integer n,
-which is called the length of the sequence (see §3.4.7).
-
-
 
    
 Like indices,
 the values of table fields can be of any type.
@@ -378,6 +371,9 @@ 
    2.3 – Error Handling
    
 will call the message handler again.
 If this loop goes on for too long,
 Lua breaks it and returns an appropriate message.
+(The message handler is called only for regular runtime errors.
+It is not called for memory-allocation errors
+nor for errors while running finalizers.)
 
 
 
@@ -873,7 +869,7 @@ 
    2.5.2 – Weak Tables
    
 
    
 Only objects that have an explicit construction
 are removed from weak tables.
-Values, such as numbers and light C functions,
+Values, such as numbers and light C functions,
 are not subject to garbage collection,
 and therefore are not removed from weak tables
 (unless their associated values are collected).
@@ -1084,7 +1080,7 @@ 
    3.1 – Lexical Conventions
    
 and is a reserved word, but And and AND
 are two different, valid names.
 As a convention,
-programs should avoid creating 
+programs should avoid creating
 names that start with an underscore followed by
 one or more uppercase letters (such as _VERSION).
 
@@ -1101,7 +1097,7 @@ 
    3.1 – Lexical Conventions
    
 
    
 
 
    
-Literal strings
+A short literal string
 can be delimited by matching single or double quotes,
 and can contain the following C-like escape sequences:
 '\a' (bell),
@@ -1114,7 +1110,7 @@ 
    3.1 – Lexical Conventions
    
 '\\' (backslash),
 '\"' (quotation mark [double quote]),
 and '\'' (apostrophe [single quote]).
-A backslash followed by a real newline
+A backslash followed by a line break
 results in a newline in the string.
 The escape sequence '\z' skips the following span
 of white-space characters,
@@ -1122,13 +1118,13 @@ 
    3.1 – Lexical Conventions
    
 it is particularly useful to break and indent a long literal string
 into multiple lines without adding the newlines and spaces
 into the string contents.
+A short literal string cannot contain unescaped line breaks
+nor escapes not forming a valid escape sequence.
 
 
 
    
-Strings in Lua can contain any 8-bit value, including embedded zeros,
-which can be specified as '\0'.
-More generally,
-we can specify any byte in a literal string by its numeric value.
+We can specify any byte in a short literal string by its numeric value
+(including embedded zeros).
 This can be done
 with the escape sequence \xXX,
 where XX is a sequence of exactly two hexadecimal digits,
@@ -1171,17 +1167,6 @@ 
    3.1 – Lexical Conventions
    
 is converted to a simple newline.
 
 
-
    
-Any byte in a literal string not
-explicitly affected by the previous rules represents itself.
-However, Lua opens files for parsing in text mode,
-and the system file functions may have problems with
-some control characters.
-So, it is safer to represent
-non-text data as a quoted literal with
-explicit escape sequences for the non-text characters.
-
-
 
    
 For convenience,
 when the opening long bracket is immediately followed by a newline,
@@ -1202,6 +1187,17 @@ 
    3.1 – Lexical Conventions
    
      123"]==]
    • +

    +Any byte in a literal string not +explicitly affected by the previous rules represents itself. +However, Lua opens files for parsing in text mode, +and the system file functions may have problems with +some control characters. +So, it is safer to represent +non-text data as a quoted literal with +explicit escape sequences for the non-text characters. + +

    A numeric constant (or numeral) can be written with an optional fractional part @@ -1212,7 +1208,7 @@

    3.1 – Lexical Conventions

    Hexadecimal constants also accept an optional fractional part plus an optional binary exponent, marked by a letter 'p' or 'P'. -A numeric constant with a radix point or an exponent +A numeric constant with a radix point or an exponent denotes a float; otherwise, if its value fits in an integer, @@ -1897,7 +1893,7 @@

    3.4.1 – Arithmetic Operators

    -Floor division (//) is a division +Floor division (//) is a division that rounds the quotient towards minus infinity, that is, the floor of the division of its operands. @@ -1959,7 +1955,7 @@

    3.4.3 – Coercions and Conversions

    The C API also converts both integers to floats and floats to integers, as needed. Moreover, string concatenation accepts numbers as arguments, -besides strings. +besides strings.

    @@ -1997,7 +1993,7 @@

    3.4.3 – Coercions and Conversions

    -All conversions from strings to numbers +All conversions from strings to numbers accept both a dot and the current locale mark as the radix character. (The Lua lexer, however, accepts only a dot.) @@ -2140,37 +2136,66 @@

    3.4.7 – The Length Operator

    The length operator is denoted by the unary prefix operator #. -The length of a string is its number of bytes -(that is, the usual meaning of string length when each -character is one byte).

    -A program can modify the behavior of the length operator for -any value but strings through the __len metamethod (see §2.4). +The length of a string is its number of bytes +(that is, the usual meaning of string length when each +character is one byte).

    -Unless a __len metamethod is given, -the length of a table t is only defined if the -table is a sequence, -that is, -the set of its positive numeric keys is equal to {1..n} -for some non-negative integer n. -In that case, n is its length. -Note that a table like +The length operator applied on a table +returns a border in that table. +A border in a table t is any natural number +that satisfies the following condition: 

    -     {10, 20, nil, 40}
+     (border == 0 or t[border] ~= nil) and t[border + 1] == nil

    -is not a sequence, because it has the key 4 -but does not have the key 3. -(So, there is no n such that the set {1..n} is equal -to the set of positive numeric keys of that table.) -Note, however, that non-numeric keys do not interfere +In words, +a border is any (natural) index in a table +where a non-nil value is followed by a nil value +(or zero, when index 1 is nil). + + +

    +A table with exactly one border is called a sequence. +For instance, the table {10, 20, 30, 40, 50} is a sequence, +as it has only one border (5). +The table {10, 20, 30, nil, 50} has two borders (3 and 5), +and therefore it is not a sequence. +The table {nil, 20, 30, nil, nil, 60, nil} +has three borders (0, 3, and 6), +so it is not a sequence, too. +The table {} is a sequence with border 0. +Note that non-natural keys do not interfere with whether a table is a sequence. +

    +When t is a sequence, +#t returns its only border, +which corresponds to the intuitive notion of the length of the sequence. +When t is not a sequence, +#t can return any of its borders. +(The exact one depends on details of +the internal representation of the table, +which in turn can depend on how the table was populated and +the memory addresses of its non-numeric keys.) + + +

    +The computation of the length of a table +has a guaranteed worst time of O(log n), +where n is the largest natural key in the table. + + +

    +A program can modify the behavior of the length operator for +any value but strings through the __len metamethod (see §2.4). + + @@ -2585,6 +2610,28 @@

    4 – The Application Program Interface

    with the macro LUA_USE_APICHECK defined. +

    +The Lua library is fully reentrant: +it has no global variables. +It keeps all information it needs in a dynamic structure, +called the Lua state. + + +

    +Each Lua state has one or more threads, +which correspond to independent, cooperative lines of execution. +The type lua_State (despite its name) refers to a thread. +(Indirectly, through the thread, it also refers to the +Lua state associated to the thread.) + + +

    +A pointer to a thread must be passed as the first argument to +every function in the library, except to lua_newstate, +which creates a Lua state from scratch and returns a pointer +to the main thread in the new state. + +

    4.1 – The Stack

    @@ -2592,6 +2639,8 @@

    4.1 – The Stack

    Lua uses a virtual stack to pass values to and from C. Each element in this stack represents a Lua value (nil, number, string, etc.). +Functions in the API can access this stack through the +Lua state parameter that they receive.

    @@ -2599,7 +2648,8 @@

    4.1 – The Stack

    which is independent of previous stacks and of stacks of C functions that are still active. This stack initially contains any arguments to the C function -and it is where the C function pushes its results +and it is where the C function can store temporary +Lua values and must push its results to be returned to the caller (see lua_CFunction). @@ -2791,8 +2841,7 @@

    4.6 – Error Handling in C

    (Lua will use exceptions if you compile it as C++; search for LUAI_THROW in the source code for details.) When Lua faces any error -(such as a memory allocation error, type errors, syntax errors, -and runtime errors) +(such as a memory allocation error or a type error) it raises an error; that is, it does a long jump. A protected environment uses setjmp @@ -2800,6 +2849,17 @@

    4.6 – Error Handling in C

    any error jumps to the most recent active recovery point. +

    +Inside a C function you can raise an error by calling lua_error. + + +

    +Most functions in the API can raise an error, +for instance due to a memory allocation error. +The documentation for each function indicates whether +it can raise errors. + +

    If an error happens outside any protected environment, Lua calls a panic function (see lua_atpanic) @@ -2810,6 +2870,23 @@

    4.6 – Error Handling in C

    (e.g., doing a long jump to your own recovery point outside Lua). +

    +The panic function, +as its name implies, +is a mechanism of last resort. +Programs should avoid it. +As a general rule, +when a C function is called by Lua with a Lua state, +it can do whatever it wants on that Lua state, +as it should be already protected. +However, +when C code operates on other Lua states +(e.g., a Lua parameter to the function, +a Lua state stored in the registry, or +the result of lua_newthread), +it should use them only in API calls that cannot raise errors. + +

    The panic function runs as if it were a message handler (see §2.3); in particular, the error object is at the top of the stack. @@ -2818,17 +2895,6 @@

    4.6 – Error Handling in C

    the panic function must first check the available space (see §4.2). -

    -Most functions in the API can raise an error, -for instance due to a memory allocation error. -The documentation for each function indicates whether -it can raise errors. - - -

    -Inside a C function you can raise an error by calling lua_error. - - @@ -2836,7 +2902,7 @@

    4.7 – Handling Yields in C

    Internally, Lua uses the C longjmp facility to yield a coroutine. -Therefore, if a C function foo calls an API function +Therefore, if a C function foo calls an API function and this API function yields (directly or indirectly by calling another function that yields), Lua cannot return to foo any more, @@ -2854,7 +2920,7 @@

    4.7 – Handling Yields in C

    We need to set some terminology to explain continuations. -We have a C function called from Lua which we will call +We have a C function called from Lua which we will call the original function. This original function then calls one of those three functions in the C API, which we will call the callee function, @@ -3169,7 +3235,7 @@

    4.8 – Functions and Types

    The function results are pushed onto the stack when the function returns. The number of results is adjusted to nresults, unless nresults is LUA_MULTRET. -In this case, all results from the function are pushed. +In this case, all results from the function are pushed; Lua takes care that the returned values fit into the stack space, but it does not ensure any extra space in the stack. The function results are pushed onto the stack in direct order @@ -3655,7 +3721,7 @@

    4.8 – Functions and Types

    int lua_getuservalue (lua_State *L, int index);

    -Pushes onto the stack the Lua value associated with the userdata +Pushes onto the stack the Lua value associated with the full userdata at the given index. @@ -3998,7 +4064,8 @@

    4.8 – Functions and Types

    Returns NULL if it cannot create the thread or the state (due to lack of memory). The argument f is the allocator function; -Lua does all memory allocation for this state through this function. +Lua does all memory allocation for this state +through this function (see lua_Alloc). The second argument, ud, is an opaque pointer that Lua passes to the allocator in every call. @@ -4202,7 +4269,9 @@

    4.8 – Functions and Types

  • LUA_ERRGCMM: error while running a __gc metamethod. -(This error typically has no relation with the function being called.) +For such errors, Lua does not call the message handler +(as this kind of error typically has no relation +with the function being called).
    • @@ -4278,7 +4347,7 @@

    4.8 – Functions and Types

    When n is zero, -this function creates a light C function, +this function creates a light C function, which is just a pointer to the C function. In that case, it never raises a memory error. @@ -4292,7 +4361,7 @@

    4.8 – Functions and Types

    Pushes a C function onto the stack. -This function receives a pointer to a C function +This function receives a pointer to a C function and pushes onto the stack a Lua value of type function that, when called, invokes the corresponding C function. @@ -4667,7 +4736,7 @@

    4.8 – Functions and Types

    void lua_register (lua_State *L, const char *name, lua_CFunction f);

    -Sets the C function f as the new value of global name. +Sets the C function f as the new value of global name. It is defined as a macro: 

    @@ -4888,7 +4957,7 @@ 
    4.8 – Functions and Types
    
 
 
    
 Pops a value from the stack and sets it as
-the new value associated to the userdata at the given index.
+the new value associated to the full userdata at the given index.
 
 
 
@@ -5302,7 +5371,7 @@ 
    4.8 – Functions and Types
    
 
    
 When the coroutine is resumed again,
 Lua calls the given continuation function k to continue
-the execution of the C function that yielded (see §4.7).
+the execution of the C function that yielded (see §4.7).
 This continuation function receives the same stack
 from the previous function,
 with the n results removed and
@@ -6013,7 +6082,7 @@ 
    5.1 – Functions and Types
    
 
 
    
 Raises an error reporting a problem with argument arg
-of the C function that called it,
+of the C function that called it,
 using a standard message
 that includes extramsg as a comment:
 
@@ -6534,7 +6603,8 @@ 
    5.1 – Functions and Types
    
 
    
 This function returns the same results as lua_load,
 but it has an extra error code LUA_ERRFILE
-if it cannot open/read the file or the file has a wrong mode.
+for file-related errors
+(e.g., it cannot open or read the file).
 
 
 
    
@@ -6727,6 +6797,11 @@ 
    5.1 – Functions and Types
    
 its length is considered zero.
 
 
+
    
+This function uses lua_tolstring to get its result,
+so all conversions and caveats of that function apply here.
+
+
 
 
 
@@ -7674,7 +7749,7 @@ 
    6.2 – Coroutine Manipulation
    
 
 
    
 A running coroutine is yieldable if it is not the main thread and
-it is not inside a non-yieldable C function.
+it is not inside a non-yieldable C function.
 
 
 
@@ -7876,8 +7951,8 @@ 
    6.3 – Modules
    
 
    
 Lua initializes the C path package.cpath in the same way
 it initializes the Lua path package.path,
-using the environment variable LUA_CPATH_5_3
-or the environment variable LUA_CPATH
+using the environment variable LUA_CPATH_5_3,
+or the environment variable LUA_CPATH,
 or a default path defined in luaconf.h.
 
 
@@ -8434,7 +8509,7 @@ 
    6.4 – String Manipulation
    
 
    
 Returns a binary string containing the values v1, v2, etc.
 packed (that is, serialized in binary form)
-according to the format string fmt (see §6.4.2). 
+according to the format string fmt (see §6.4.2).
 
 
 
@@ -8485,7 +8560,8 @@ 
    6.4 – String Manipulation
    
 In particular,
 the call string.sub(s,1,j) returns a prefix of s
 with length j,
-and string.sub(s, -i) returns a suffix of s
+and string.sub(s, -i) (for a positive i)
+returns a suffix of s
 with length i.
 
 
@@ -8902,7 +8978,7 @@ 
    6.5 – UTF-8 Support
    
 that start between positions i and j (both inclusive).
 The default for i is 1 and for j is -1.
 If it finds any invalid byte sequence,
-returns a false value plus the position of the first invalid byte. 
+returns a false value plus the position of the first invalid byte.
 
 
 
@@ -8946,8 +9022,7 @@ 
    6.6 – Table Manipulation
    
 
 
    
 Remember that, whenever an operation needs the length of a table,
-the table must be a proper sequence
-or have a __len metamethod (see §3.4.7).
+all caveats about the length operator apply (see §3.4.7).
 All functions ignore non-numeric keys
 in the tables given as arguments.
 
@@ -9063,9 +9138,8 @@ 
    6.6 – Table Manipulation
    
 
 
 
    
-The sort algorithm is not stable;
-that is, elements not comparable by the given order
-(e.g., equal elements)
+The sort algorithm is not stable:
+elements considered equal by the given order
 may have their relative positions changed by the sort.
 
 
@@ -9401,7 +9475,7 @@ 
    6.7 – Mathematical Functions
    
 
 
    
 Returns a boolean,
-true if integer m is below integer n when
+true if and only if integer m is below integer n when
 they are compared as unsigned integers.
 
 
@@ -9987,6 +10061,7 @@ 
    6.9 – Operating System Facilities
    
 with the given name.
 If this function fails, it returns nil,
 plus a string describing the error and the error code.
+Otherwise, it returns true.
 
 
 
@@ -9996,9 +10071,10 @@ 
    6.9 – Operating System Facilities
    
 
 
 
    
-Renames file or directory named oldname to newname.
+Renames the file or directory named oldname to newname.
 If this function fails, it returns nil,
 plus a string describing the error and the error code.
+Otherwise, it returns true.
 
 
 
@@ -10291,7 +10367,7 @@ 
    6.10 – The Debug Library
    
 
 
    
 Returns the Lua value associated to u.
-If u is not a userdata,
+If u is not a full userdata,
 returns nil.
 
 
@@ -10490,7 +10566,7 @@ 
    7 – Lua Standalone
    
 
 
 
    
-When called without option -E, 
+When called without option -E,
 the interpreter checks for an environment variable LUA_INIT_5_3
 (or LUA_INIT if the versioned name is not defined)
 before running any argument.
@@ -10582,7 +10658,7 @@ 
    7 – Lua Standalone
    
 
    
 In case of unprotected errors in the script,
 the interpreter reports the error to the standard error stream.
-If the error object is not a string but 
+If the error object is not a string but
 has a metamethod __tostring,
 the interpreter calls this metamethod to produce the final message.
 Otherwise, the interpreter converts the error object to a string
@@ -10897,13 +10973,12 @@ 
    9 – The Complete Syntax of Lua
    
 
 
 
-
 
    
 Last update:
-Mon May 30 13:11:08 BRT 2016
+Mon Jan  9 13:30:53 BRST 2017
 
    
 
 
 
diff --git a/doc/readme.html b/doc/readme.html
index 6629304d..96a9386e 100644
--- a/doc/readme.html
+++ b/doc/readme.html
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ 
    License
    
 this.
 
 
    
-Copyright © 1994–2016 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
+Copyright © 1994–2017 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
 
 
    
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
@@ -355,10 +355,10 @@ 
    License
    
 
 
    
 Last update:
-Tue Feb  2 22:25:27 BRST 2016
+Thu Dec 22 18:22:57 BRST 2016
 
    
 
 
 
diff --git a/src/lauxlib.c b/src/lauxlib.c
index bacf43b3..f7a38366 100644
--- a/src/lauxlib.c
+++ b/src/lauxlib.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lauxlib.c,v 1.286 2016/01/08 15:33:09 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lauxlib.c,v 1.289 2016/12/20 18:37:00 roberto Exp $
 ** Auxiliary functions for building Lua libraries
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -69,12 +69,11 @@ static int findfield (lua_State *L, int objidx, int level) {
 
 /*
 ** Search for a name for a function in all loaded modules
-** (registry._LOADED).
 */
 static int pushglobalfuncname (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar) {
   int top = lua_gettop(L);
   lua_getinfo(L, "f", ar);  /* push function */
-  lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_LOADED");
+  lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_LOADED_TABLE);
   if (findfield(L, top + 1, 2)) {
     const char *name = lua_tostring(L, -1);
     if (strncmp(name, "_G.", 3) == 0) {  /* name start with '_G.'? */
@@ -809,13 +808,17 @@ LUALIB_API lua_Integer luaL_len (lua_State *L, int idx) {
 
 
 LUALIB_API const char *luaL_tolstring (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len) {
-  if (!luaL_callmeta(L, idx, "__tostring")) {  /* no metafield? */
+  if (luaL_callmeta(L, idx, "__tostring")) {  /* metafield? */
+    if (!lua_isstring(L, -1))
+      luaL_error(L, "'__tostring' must return a string");
+  }
+  else {
     switch (lua_type(L, idx)) {
       case LUA_TNUMBER: {
         if (lua_isinteger(L, idx))
-          lua_pushfstring(L, "%I", lua_tointeger(L, idx));
+          lua_pushfstring(L, "%I", (LUAI_UACINT)lua_tointeger(L, idx));
         else
-          lua_pushfstring(L, "%f", lua_tonumber(L, idx));
+          lua_pushfstring(L, "%f", (LUAI_UACNUMBER)lua_tonumber(L, idx));
         break;
       }
       case LUA_TSTRING:
@@ -827,10 +830,15 @@ LUALIB_API const char *luaL_tolstring (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len) {
       case LUA_TNIL:
         lua_pushliteral(L, "nil");
         break;
-      default:
-        lua_pushfstring(L, "%s: %p", luaL_typename(L, idx),
-                                            lua_topointer(L, idx));
+      default: {
+        int tt = luaL_getmetafield(L, idx, "__name");  /* try name */
+        const char *kind = (tt == LUA_TSTRING) ? lua_tostring(L, -1) :
+                                                 luaL_typename(L, idx);
+        lua_pushfstring(L, "%s: %p", kind, lua_topointer(L, idx));
+        if (tt != LUA_TNIL)
+          lua_remove(L, -2);  /* remove '__name' */
         break;
+      }
     }
   }
   return lua_tolstring(L, -1, len);
@@ -882,23 +890,23 @@ static int libsize (const luaL_Reg *l) {
 
 /*
 ** Find or create a module table with a given name. The function
-** first looks at the _LOADED table and, if that fails, try a
+** first looks at the LOADED table and, if that fails, try a
 ** global variable with that name. In any case, leaves on the stack
 ** the module table.
 */
 LUALIB_API void luaL_pushmodule (lua_State *L, const char *modname,
                                  int sizehint) {
-  luaL_findtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_LOADED", 1);  /* get _LOADED table */
-  if (lua_getfield(L, -1, modname) != LUA_TTABLE) {  /* no _LOADED[modname]? */
+  luaL_findtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_LOADED_TABLE, 1);
+  if (lua_getfield(L, -1, modname) != LUA_TTABLE) {  /* no LOADED[modname]? */
     lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove previous result */
     /* try global variable (and create one if it does not exist) */
     lua_pushglobaltable(L);
     if (luaL_findtable(L, 0, modname, sizehint) != NULL)
       luaL_error(L, "name conflict for module '%s'", modname);
     lua_pushvalue(L, -1);
-    lua_setfield(L, -3, modname);  /* _LOADED[modname] = new table */
+    lua_setfield(L, -3, modname);  /* LOADED[modname] = new table */
   }
-  lua_remove(L, -2);  /* remove _LOADED table */
+  lua_remove(L, -2);  /* remove LOADED table */
 }
 
 
@@ -962,17 +970,17 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_getsubtable (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *fname) {
 */
 LUALIB_API void luaL_requiref (lua_State *L, const char *modname,
                                lua_CFunction openf, int glb) {
-  luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_LOADED");
-  lua_getfield(L, -1, modname);  /* _LOADED[modname] */
+  luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_LOADED_TABLE);
+  lua_getfield(L, -1, modname);  /* LOADED[modname] */
   if (!lua_toboolean(L, -1)) {  /* package not already loaded? */
     lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove field */
     lua_pushcfunction(L, openf);
     lua_pushstring(L, modname);  /* argument to open function */
     lua_call(L, 1, 1);  /* call 'openf' to open module */
     lua_pushvalue(L, -1);  /* make copy of module (call result) */
-    lua_setfield(L, -3, modname);  /* _LOADED[modname] = module */
+    lua_setfield(L, -3, modname);  /* LOADED[modname] = module */
   }
-  lua_remove(L, -2);  /* remove _LOADED table */
+  lua_remove(L, -2);  /* remove LOADED table */
   if (glb) {
     lua_pushvalue(L, -1);  /* copy of module */
     lua_setglobal(L, modname);  /* _G[modname] = module */
@@ -1030,6 +1038,6 @@ LUALIB_API void luaL_checkversion_ (lua_State *L, lua_Number ver, size_t sz) {
     luaL_error(L, "multiple Lua VMs detected");
   else if (*v != ver)
     luaL_error(L, "version mismatch: app. needs %f, Lua core provides %f",
-                  ver, *v);
+                  (LUAI_UACNUMBER)ver, (LUAI_UACNUMBER)*v);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/lauxlib.h b/src/lauxlib.h
index ddb7c228..9a2e66aa 100644
--- a/src/lauxlib.h
+++ b/src/lauxlib.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lauxlib.h,v 1.129 2015/11/23 11:29:43 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lauxlib.h,v 1.131 2016/12/06 14:54:31 roberto Exp $
 ** Auxiliary functions for building Lua libraries
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -16,10 +16,18 @@
 
 
 
-/* extra error code for 'luaL_load' */
+/* extra error code for 'luaL_loadfilex' */
 #define LUA_ERRFILE     (LUA_ERRERR+1)
 
 
+/* key, in the registry, for table of loaded modules */
+#define LUA_LOADED_TABLE	"_LOADED"
+
+
+/* key, in the registry, for table of preloaded loaders */
+#define LUA_PRELOAD_TABLE	"_PRELOAD"
+
+
 typedef struct luaL_Reg {
   const char *name;
   lua_CFunction func;
diff --git a/src/lbaselib.c b/src/lbaselib.c
index d481c4e1..08523e6e 100644
--- a/src/lbaselib.c
+++ b/src/lbaselib.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lbaselib.c,v 1.313 2016/04/11 19:18:40 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lbaselib.c,v 1.314 2016/09/05 19:06:34 roberto Exp $
 ** Basic library
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -208,8 +208,8 @@ static int luaB_type (lua_State *L) {
 
 static int pairsmeta (lua_State *L, const char *method, int iszero,
                       lua_CFunction iter) {
+  luaL_checkany(L, 1);
   if (luaL_getmetafield(L, 1, method) == LUA_TNIL) {  /* no metamethod? */
-    luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE);  /* argument must be a table */
     lua_pushcfunction(L, iter);  /* will return generator, */
     lua_pushvalue(L, 1);  /* state, */
     if (iszero) lua_pushinteger(L, 0);  /* and initial value */
diff --git a/src/lcode.c b/src/lcode.c
index 2cd0dd2d..0bb41426 100644
--- a/src/lcode.c
+++ b/src/lcode.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lcode.c,v 2.109 2016/05/13 19:09:21 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lcode.c,v 2.112 2016/12/22 13:08:50 roberto Exp $
 ** Code generator for Lua
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
 ** If expression is a numeric constant, fills 'v' with its value
 ** and returns 1. Otherwise, returns 0.
 */
-static int tonumeral(expdesc *e, TValue *v) {
+static int tonumeral(const expdesc *e, TValue *v) {
   if (hasjumps(e))
     return 0;  /* not a numeral */
   switch (e->k) {
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ void luaK_nil (FuncState *fs, int from, int n) {
 /*
 ** Gets the destination address of a jump instruction. Used to traverse
 ** a list of jumps.
-*/ 
+*/
 static int getjump (FuncState *fs, int pc) {
   int offset = GETARG_sBx(fs->f->code[pc]);
   if (offset == NO_JUMP)  /* point to itself represents end of list */
@@ -754,7 +754,7 @@ void luaK_exp2val (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
 ** (that is, it is either in a register or in 'k' with an index
 ** in the range of R/K indices).
 ** Returns R/K index.
-*/  
+*/
 int luaK_exp2RK (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
   luaK_exp2val(fs, e);
   switch (e->k) {  /* move constants to 'k' */
@@ -975,7 +975,8 @@ static int validop (int op, TValue *v1, TValue *v2) {
 ** Try to "constant-fold" an operation; return 1 iff successful.
 ** (In this case, 'e1' has the final result.)
 */
-static int constfolding (FuncState *fs, int op, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) {
+static int constfolding (FuncState *fs, int op, expdesc *e1,
+                                                const expdesc *e2) {
   TValue v1, v2, res;
   if (!tonumeral(e1, &v1) || !tonumeral(e2, &v2) || !validop(op, &v1, &v2))
     return 0;  /* non-numeric operands or not safe to fold */
@@ -1014,11 +1015,14 @@ static void codeunexpval (FuncState *fs, OpCode op, expdesc *e, int line) {
 ** (everything but logical operators 'and'/'or' and comparison
 ** operators).
 ** Expression to produce final result will be encoded in 'e1'.
+** Because 'luaK_exp2RK' can free registers, its calls must be
+** in "stack order" (that is, first on 'e2', which may have more
+** recent registers to be released).
 */
 static void codebinexpval (FuncState *fs, OpCode op,
                            expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2, int line) {
-  int rk1 = luaK_exp2RK(fs, e1);  /* both operands are "RK" */
-  int rk2 = luaK_exp2RK(fs, e2);
+  int rk2 = luaK_exp2RK(fs, e2);  /* both operands are "RK" */
+  int rk1 = luaK_exp2RK(fs, e1);
   freeexps(fs, e1, e2);
   e1->u.info = luaK_codeABC(fs, op, 0, rk1, rk2);  /* generate opcode */
   e1->k = VRELOCABLE;  /* all those operations are relocatable */
@@ -1060,9 +1064,9 @@ static void codecomp (FuncState *fs, BinOpr opr, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) {
 ** Aplly prefix operation 'op' to expression 'e'.
 */
 void luaK_prefix (FuncState *fs, UnOpr op, expdesc *e, int line) {
-  static expdesc ef = {VKINT, {0}, NO_JUMP, NO_JUMP};  /* fake 2nd operand */
+  static const expdesc ef = {VKINT, {0}, NO_JUMP, NO_JUMP};
   switch (op) {
-    case OPR_MINUS: case OPR_BNOT:
+    case OPR_MINUS: case OPR_BNOT:  /* use 'ef' as fake 2nd operand */
       if (constfolding(fs, op + LUA_OPUNM, e, &ef))
         break;
       /* FALLTHROUGH */
diff --git a/src/ldebug.c b/src/ldebug.c
index e499ee36..239affb7 100644
--- a/src/ldebug.c
+++ b/src/ldebug.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: ldebug.c,v 2.120 2016/03/31 19:01:21 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: ldebug.c,v 2.121 2016/10/19 12:32:10 roberto Exp $
 ** Debug Interface
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -38,7 +38,8 @@
 #define ci_func(ci)		(clLvalue((ci)->func))
 
 
-static const char *getfuncname (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, const char **name);
+static const char *funcnamefromcode (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci,
+                                    const char **name);
 
 
 static int currentpc (CallInfo *ci) {
@@ -244,6 +245,20 @@ static void collectvalidlines (lua_State *L, Closure *f) {
 }
 
 
+static const char *getfuncname (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, const char **name) {
+  if (ci == NULL)  /* no 'ci'? */
+    return NULL;  /* no info */
+  else if (ci->callstatus & CIST_FIN) {  /* is this a finalizer? */
+    *name = "__gc";
+    return "metamethod";  /* report it as such */
+  }
+  /* calling function is a known Lua function? */
+  else if (!(ci->callstatus & CIST_TAIL) && isLua(ci->previous))
+    return funcnamefromcode(L, ci->previous, name);
+  else return NULL;  /* no way to find a name */
+}
+
+
 static int auxgetinfo (lua_State *L, const char *what, lua_Debug *ar,
                        Closure *f, CallInfo *ci) {
   int status = 1;
@@ -274,11 +289,7 @@ static int auxgetinfo (lua_State *L, const char *what, lua_Debug *ar,
         break;
       }
       case 'n': {
-        /* calling function is a known Lua function? */
-        if (ci && !(ci->callstatus & CIST_TAIL) && isLua(ci->previous))
-          ar->namewhat = getfuncname(L, ci->previous, &ar->name);
-        else
-          ar->namewhat = NULL;
+        ar->namewhat = getfuncname(L, ci, &ar->name);
         if (ar->namewhat == NULL) {
           ar->namewhat = "";  /* not found */
           ar->name = NULL;
@@ -471,8 +482,15 @@ static const char *getobjname (Proto *p, int lastpc, int reg,
 }
 
 
-static const char *getfuncname (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, const char **name) {
-  TMS tm = (TMS)0;  /* to avoid warnings */
+/*
+** Try to find a name for a function based on the code that called it.
+** (Only works when function was called by a Lua function.)
+** Returns what the name is (e.g., "for iterator", "method",
+** "metamethod") and sets '*name' to point to the name.
+*/
+static const char *funcnamefromcode (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci,
+                                     const char **name) {
+  TMS tm = (TMS)0;  /* (initial value avoids warnings) */
   Proto *p = ci_func(ci)->p;  /* calling function */
   int pc = currentpc(ci);  /* calling instruction index */
   Instruction i = p->code[pc];  /* calling instruction */
@@ -482,13 +500,13 @@ static const char *getfuncname (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, const char **name) {
   }
   switch (GET_OPCODE(i)) {
     case OP_CALL:
-    case OP_TAILCALL:  /* get function name */
-      return getobjname(p, pc, GETARG_A(i), name);
+    case OP_TAILCALL:
+      return getobjname(p, pc, GETARG_A(i), name);  /* get function name */
     case OP_TFORCALL: {  /* for iterator */
       *name = "for iterator";
        return "for iterator";
     }
-    /* all other instructions can call only through metamethods */
+    /* other instructions can do calls through metamethods */
     case OP_SELF: case OP_GETTABUP: case OP_GETTABLE:
       tm = TM_INDEX;
       break;
@@ -509,7 +527,8 @@ static const char *getfuncname (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, const char **name) {
     case OP_EQ: tm = TM_EQ; break;
     case OP_LT: tm = TM_LT; break;
     case OP_LE: tm = TM_LE; break;
-    default: lua_assert(0);  /* other instructions cannot call a function */
+    default:
+      return NULL;  /* cannot find a reasonable name */
   }
   *name = getstr(G(L)->tmname[tm]);
   return "metamethod";
diff --git a/src/ldo.c b/src/ldo.c
index 8804c997..90b695fb 100644
--- a/src/ldo.c
+++ b/src/ldo.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: ldo.c,v 2.151 2015/12/16 16:40:07 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: ldo.c,v 2.157 2016/12/13 15:52:21 roberto Exp $
 ** Stack and Call structure of Lua
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -211,9 +211,9 @@ static int stackinuse (lua_State *L) {
   CallInfo *ci;
   StkId lim = L->top;
   for (ci = L->ci; ci != NULL; ci = ci->previous) {
-    lua_assert(ci->top <= L->stack_last);
     if (lim < ci->top) lim = ci->top;
   }
+  lua_assert(lim <= L->stack_last);
   return cast_int(lim - L->stack) + 1;  /* part of stack in use */
 }
 
@@ -221,16 +221,19 @@ static int stackinuse (lua_State *L) {
 void luaD_shrinkstack (lua_State *L) {
   int inuse = stackinuse(L);
   int goodsize = inuse + (inuse / 8) + 2*EXTRA_STACK;
-  if (goodsize > LUAI_MAXSTACK) goodsize = LUAI_MAXSTACK;
-  if (L->stacksize > LUAI_MAXSTACK)  /* was handling stack overflow? */
+  if (goodsize > LUAI_MAXSTACK)
+    goodsize = LUAI_MAXSTACK;  /* respect stack limit */
+  if (L->stacksize > LUAI_MAXSTACK)  /* had been handling stack overflow? */
     luaE_freeCI(L);  /* free all CIs (list grew because of an error) */
   else
     luaE_shrinkCI(L);  /* shrink list */
-  if (inuse <= LUAI_MAXSTACK &&  /* not handling stack overflow? */
-      goodsize < L->stacksize)  /* trying to shrink? */
-    luaD_reallocstack(L, goodsize);  /* shrink it */
-  else
-    condmovestack(L,,);  /* don't change stack (change only for debugging) */
+  /* if thread is currently not handling a stack overflow and its
+     good size is smaller than current size, shrink its stack */
+  if (inuse <= (LUAI_MAXSTACK - EXTRA_STACK) &&
+      goodsize < L->stacksize)
+    luaD_reallocstack(L, goodsize);
+  else  /* don't change stack */
+    condmovestack(L,{},{});  /* (change only for debugging) */
 }
 
 
@@ -322,6 +325,72 @@ static void tryfuncTM (lua_State *L, StkId func) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Given 'nres' results at 'firstResult', move 'wanted' of them to 'res'.
+** Handle most typical cases (zero results for commands, one result for
+** expressions, multiple results for tail calls/single parameters)
+** separated.
+*/
+static int moveresults (lua_State *L, const TValue *firstResult, StkId res,
+                                      int nres, int wanted) {
+  switch (wanted) {  /* handle typical cases separately */
+    case 0: break;  /* nothing to move */
+    case 1: {  /* one result needed */
+      if (nres == 0)   /* no results? */
+        firstResult = luaO_nilobject;  /* adjust with nil */
+      setobjs2s(L, res, firstResult);  /* move it to proper place */
+      break;
+    }
+    case LUA_MULTRET: {
+      int i;
+      for (i = 0; i < nres; i++)  /* move all results to correct place */
+        setobjs2s(L, res + i, firstResult + i);
+      L->top = res + nres;
+      return 0;  /* wanted == LUA_MULTRET */
+    }
+    default: {
+      int i;
+      if (wanted <= nres) {  /* enough results? */
+        for (i = 0; i < wanted; i++)  /* move wanted results to correct place */
+          setobjs2s(L, res + i, firstResult + i);
+      }
+      else {  /* not enough results; use all of them plus nils */
+        for (i = 0; i < nres; i++)  /* move all results to correct place */
+          setobjs2s(L, res + i, firstResult + i);
+        for (; i < wanted; i++)  /* complete wanted number of results */
+          setnilvalue(res + i);
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  L->top = res + wanted;  /* top points after the last result */
+  return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Finishes a function call: calls hook if necessary, removes CallInfo,
+** moves current number of results to proper place; returns 0 iff call
+** wanted multiple (variable number of) results.
+*/
+int luaD_poscall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, StkId firstResult, int nres) {
+  StkId res;
+  int wanted = ci->nresults;
+  if (L->hookmask & (LUA_MASKRET | LUA_MASKLINE)) {
+    if (L->hookmask & LUA_MASKRET) {
+      ptrdiff_t fr = savestack(L, firstResult);  /* hook may change stack */
+      luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKRET, -1);
+      firstResult = restorestack(L, fr);
+    }
+    L->oldpc = ci->previous->u.l.savedpc;  /* 'oldpc' for caller function */
+  }
+  res = ci->func;  /* res == final position of 1st result */
+  L->ci = ci->previous;  /* back to caller */
+  /* move results to proper place */
+  return moveresults(L, firstResult, res, nres, wanted);
+}
+
+
 
 #define next_ci(L) (L->ci = (L->ci->next ? L->ci->next : luaE_extendCI(L)))
 
@@ -374,13 +443,13 @@ int luaD_precall (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nresults) {
       int n = cast_int(L->top - func) - 1;  /* number of real arguments */
       int fsize = p->maxstacksize;  /* frame size */
       checkstackp(L, fsize, func);
-      if (p->is_vararg != 1) {  /* do not use vararg? */
+      if (p->is_vararg)
+        base = adjust_varargs(L, p, n);
+      else {  /* non vararg function */
         for (; n < p->numparams; n++)
           setnilvalue(L->top++);  /* complete missing arguments */
         base = func + 1;
       }
-      else
-        base = adjust_varargs(L, p, n);
       ci = next_ci(L);  /* now 'enter' new function */
       ci->nresults = nresults;
       ci->func = func;
@@ -402,72 +471,6 @@ int luaD_precall (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nresults) {
 }
 
 
-/*
-** Given 'nres' results at 'firstResult', move 'wanted' of them to 'res'.
-** Handle most typical cases (zero results for commands, one result for
-** expressions, multiple results for tail calls/single parameters)
-** separated.
-*/
-static int moveresults (lua_State *L, const TValue *firstResult, StkId res,
-                                      int nres, int wanted) {
-  switch (wanted) {  /* handle typical cases separately */
-    case 0: break;  /* nothing to move */
-    case 1: {  /* one result needed */
-      if (nres == 0)   /* no results? */
-        firstResult = luaO_nilobject;  /* adjust with nil */
-      setobjs2s(L, res, firstResult);  /* move it to proper place */
-      break;
-    }
-    case LUA_MULTRET: {
-      int i;
-      for (i = 0; i < nres; i++)  /* move all results to correct place */
-        setobjs2s(L, res + i, firstResult + i);
-      L->top = res + nres;
-      return 0;  /* wanted == LUA_MULTRET */
-    }
-    default: {
-      int i;
-      if (wanted <= nres) {  /* enough results? */
-        for (i = 0; i < wanted; i++)  /* move wanted results to correct place */
-          setobjs2s(L, res + i, firstResult + i);
-      }
-      else {  /* not enough results; use all of them plus nils */
-        for (i = 0; i < nres; i++)  /* move all results to correct place */
-          setobjs2s(L, res + i, firstResult + i);
-        for (; i < wanted; i++)  /* complete wanted number of results */
-          setnilvalue(res + i);
-      }
-      break;
-    }
-  }
-  L->top = res + wanted;  /* top points after the last result */
-  return 1;
-}
-
-
-/*
-** Finishes a function call: calls hook if necessary, removes CallInfo,
-** moves current number of results to proper place; returns 0 iff call
-** wanted multiple (variable number of) results.
-*/
-int luaD_poscall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, StkId firstResult, int nres) {
-  StkId res;
-  int wanted = ci->nresults;
-  if (L->hookmask & (LUA_MASKRET | LUA_MASKLINE)) {
-    if (L->hookmask & LUA_MASKRET) {
-      ptrdiff_t fr = savestack(L, firstResult);  /* hook may change stack */
-      luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKRET, -1);
-      firstResult = restorestack(L, fr);
-    }
-    L->oldpc = ci->previous->u.l.savedpc;  /* 'oldpc' for caller function */
-  }
-  res = ci->func;  /* res == final position of 1st result */
-  L->ci = ci->previous;  /* back to caller */
-  /* move results to proper place */
-  return moveresults(L, firstResult, res, nres, wanted);
-}
-
-
 /*
 ** Check appropriate error for stack overflow ("regular" overflow or
 ** overflow while handling stack overflow). If 'nCalls' is larger than
@@ -520,19 +523,17 @@ static void finishCcall (lua_State *L, int status) {
   /* error status can only happen in a protected call */
   lua_assert((ci->callstatus & CIST_YPCALL) || status == LUA_YIELD);
   if (ci->callstatus & CIST_YPCALL) {  /* was inside a pcall? */
-    ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_YPCALL;  /* finish 'lua_pcall' */
-    L->errfunc = ci->u.c.old_errfunc;
+    ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_YPCALL;  /* continuation is also inside it */
+    L->errfunc = ci->u.c.old_errfunc;  /* with the same error function */
   }
   /* finish 'lua_callk'/'lua_pcall'; CIST_YPCALL and 'errfunc' already
      handled */
   adjustresults(L, ci->nresults);
-  /* call continuation function */
   lua_unlock(L);
-  n = (*ci->u.c.k)(L, status, ci->u.c.ctx);
+  n = (*ci->u.c.k)(L, status, ci->u.c.ctx);  /* call continuation function */
   lua_lock(L);
   api_checknelems(L, n);
-  /* finish 'luaD_precall' */
-  luaD_poscall(L, ci, L->top - n, n);
+  luaD_poscall(L, ci, L->top - n, n);  /* finish 'luaD_precall' */
 }
 
 
@@ -595,15 +596,16 @@ static int recover (lua_State *L, int status) {
 
 
 /*
-** signal an error in the call to 'resume', not in the execution of the
-** coroutine itself. (Such errors should not be handled by any coroutine
-** error handler and should not kill the coroutine.)
+** Signal an error in the call to 'lua_resume', not in the execution
+** of the coroutine itself. (Such errors should not be handled by any
+** coroutine error handler and should not kill the coroutine.)
 */
-static l_noret resume_error (lua_State *L, const char *msg, StkId firstArg) {
-  L->top = firstArg;  /* remove args from the stack */
+static int resume_error (lua_State *L, const char *msg, int narg) {
+  L->top -= narg;  /* remove args from the stack */
   setsvalue2s(L, L->top, luaS_new(L, msg));  /* push error message */
   api_incr_top(L);
-  luaD_throw(L, -1);  /* jump back to 'lua_resume' */
+  lua_unlock(L);
+  return LUA_ERRRUN;
 }
 
 
@@ -615,22 +617,15 @@ static l_noret resume_error (lua_State *L, const char *msg, StkId firstArg) {
 ** coroutine.
 */
 static void resume (lua_State *L, void *ud) {
-  int nCcalls = L->nCcalls;
   int n = *(cast(int*, ud));  /* number of arguments */
   StkId firstArg = L->top - n;  /* first argument */
   CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
-  if (nCcalls >= LUAI_MAXCCALLS)
-    resume_error(L, "C stack overflow", firstArg);
-  if (L->status == LUA_OK) {  /* may be starting a coroutine */
-    if (ci != &L->base_ci)  /* not in base level? */
-      resume_error(L, "cannot resume non-suspended coroutine", firstArg);
-    /* coroutine is in base level; start running it */
+  if (L->status == LUA_OK) {  /* starting a coroutine? */
     if (!luaD_precall(L, firstArg - 1, LUA_MULTRET))  /* Lua function? */
       luaV_execute(L);  /* call it */
   }
-  else if (L->status != LUA_YIELD)
-    resume_error(L, "cannot resume dead coroutine", firstArg);
   else {  /* resuming from previous yield */
+    lua_assert(L->status == LUA_YIELD);
     L->status = LUA_OK;  /* mark that it is running (again) */
     ci->func = restorestack(L, ci->extra);
     if (isLua(ci))  /* yielded inside a hook? */
@@ -647,7 +642,6 @@ static void resume (lua_State *L, void *ud) {
     }
     unroll(L, NULL);  /* run continuation */
   }
-  lua_assert(nCcalls == L->nCcalls);
 }
 
 
@@ -655,8 +649,16 @@ LUA_API int lua_resume (lua_State *L, lua_State *from, int nargs) {
   int status;
   unsigned short oldnny = L->nny;  /* save "number of non-yieldable" calls */
   lua_lock(L);
-  luai_userstateresume(L, nargs);
+  if (L->status == LUA_OK) {  /* may be starting a coroutine */
+    if (L->ci != &L->base_ci)  /* not in base level? */
+      return resume_error(L, "cannot resume non-suspended coroutine", nargs);
+  }
+  else if (L->status != LUA_YIELD)
+    return resume_error(L, "cannot resume dead coroutine", nargs);
   L->nCcalls = (from) ? from->nCcalls + 1 : 1;
+  if (L->nCcalls >= LUAI_MAXCCALLS)
+    return resume_error(L, "C stack overflow", nargs);
+  luai_userstateresume(L, nargs);
   L->nny = 0;  /* allow yields */
   api_checknelems(L, (L->status == LUA_OK) ? nargs + 1 : nargs);
   status = luaD_rawrunprotected(L, resume, &nargs);
diff --git a/src/lgc.c b/src/lgc.c
index 7c29fb03..ba2c19e1 100644
--- a/src/lgc.c
+++ b/src/lgc.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lgc.c,v 2.212 2016/03/31 19:02:03 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lgc.c,v 2.215 2016/12/22 13:08:50 roberto Exp $
 ** Garbage Collector
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ static lu_mem traversetable (global_State *g, Table *h) {
   else  /* not weak */
     traversestrongtable(g, h);
   return sizeof(Table) + sizeof(TValue) * h->sizearray +
-                         sizeof(Node) * cast(size_t, sizenode(h));
+                         sizeof(Node) * cast(size_t, allocsizenode(h));
 }
 
 
@@ -539,7 +539,7 @@ static lu_mem traversethread (global_State *g, lua_State *th) {
     StkId lim = th->stack + th->stacksize;  /* real end of stack */
     for (; o < lim; o++)  /* clear not-marked stack slice */
       setnilvalue(o);
-    /* 'remarkupvals' may have removed thread from 'twups' list */ 
+    /* 'remarkupvals' may have removed thread from 'twups' list */
     if (!isintwups(th) && th->openupval != NULL) {
       th->twups = g->twups;  /* link it back to the list */
       g->twups = th;
@@ -818,7 +818,9 @@ static void GCTM (lua_State *L, int propagateerrors) {
     setobj2s(L, L->top, tm);  /* push finalizer... */
     setobj2s(L, L->top + 1, &v);  /* ... and its argument */
     L->top += 2;  /* and (next line) call the finalizer */
+    L->ci->callstatus |= CIST_FIN;  /* will run a finalizer */
     status = luaD_pcall(L, dothecall, NULL, savestack(L, L->top - 2), 0);
+    L->ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_FIN;  /* not running a finalizer anymore */
     L->allowhook = oldah;  /* restore hooks */
     g->gcrunning = running;  /* restore state */
     if (status != LUA_OK && propagateerrors) {  /* error while running __gc? */
diff --git a/src/linit.c b/src/linit.c
index 8ce94ccb..afcaf98b 100644
--- a/src/linit.c
+++ b/src/linit.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: linit.c,v 1.38 2015/01/05 13:48:33 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: linit.c,v 1.39 2016/12/04 20:17:24 roberto Exp $
 ** Initialization of libraries for lua.c and other clients
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -18,10 +18,10 @@
 ** open the library, which is already linked to the application.
 ** For that, do the following code:
 **
-**  luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_PRELOAD");
+**  luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_PRELOAD_TABLE);
 **  lua_pushcfunction(L, luaopen_modname);
 **  lua_setfield(L, -2, modname);
-**  lua_pop(L, 1);  // remove _PRELOAD table
+**  lua_pop(L, 1);  // remove PRELOAD table
 */
 
 #include "lprefix.h"
diff --git a/src/liolib.c b/src/liolib.c
index aa78e593..15684035 100644
--- a/src/liolib.c
+++ b/src/liolib.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: liolib.c,v 2.149 2016/05/02 14:03:19 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: liolib.c,v 2.151 2016/12/20 18:37:00 roberto Exp $
 ** Standard I/O (and system) library
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -37,10 +37,11 @@
 #endif
 
 /* Check whether 'mode' matches '[rwa]%+?[L_MODEEXT]*' */
-#define l_checkmode(mode) \
-	(*mode != '\0' && strchr("rwa", *(mode++)) != NULL &&	\
-	(*mode != '+' || (++mode, 1)) &&  /* skip if char is '+' */	\
-	(strspn(mode, L_MODEEXT) == strlen(mode)))
+static int l_checkmode (const char *mode) {
+  return (*mode != '\0' && strchr("rwa", *(mode++)) != NULL &&
+         (*mode != '+' || (++mode, 1)) &&  /* skip if char is '+' */
+         (strspn(mode, L_MODEEXT) == strlen(mode)));  /* check extensions */
+}
 
 #endif
 
@@ -618,8 +619,10 @@ static int g_write (lua_State *L, FILE *f, int arg) {
     if (lua_type(L, arg) == LUA_TNUMBER) {
       /* optimization: could be done exactly as for strings */
       int len = lua_isinteger(L, arg)
-                ? fprintf(f, LUA_INTEGER_FMT, lua_tointeger(L, arg))
-                : fprintf(f, LUA_NUMBER_FMT, lua_tonumber(L, arg));
+                ? fprintf(f, LUA_INTEGER_FMT,
+                             (LUAI_UACINT)lua_tointeger(L, arg))
+                : fprintf(f, LUA_NUMBER_FMT,
+                             (LUAI_UACNUMBER)lua_tonumber(L, arg));
       status = status && (len > 0);
     }
     else {
diff --git a/src/lmathlib.c b/src/lmathlib.c
index 94815f12..b7f8baee 100644
--- a/src/lmathlib.c
+++ b/src/lmathlib.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lmathlib.c,v 1.117 2015/10/02 15:39:23 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lmathlib.c,v 1.119 2016/12/22 13:08:50 roberto Exp $
 ** Standard mathematical library
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -184,10 +184,13 @@ static int math_log (lua_State *L) {
   else {
     lua_Number base = luaL_checknumber(L, 2);
 #if !defined(LUA_USE_C89)
-    if (base == 2.0) res = l_mathop(log2)(x); else
+    if (base == l_mathop(2.0))
+      res = l_mathop(log2)(x); else
 #endif
-    if (base == 10.0) res = l_mathop(log10)(x);
-    else res = l_mathop(log)(x)/l_mathop(log)(base);
+    if (base == l_mathop(10.0))
+      res = l_mathop(log10)(x);
+    else
+      res = l_mathop(log)(x)/l_mathop(log)(base);
   }
   lua_pushnumber(L, res);
   return 1;
@@ -262,7 +265,7 @@ static int math_random (lua_State *L) {
     default: return luaL_error(L, "wrong number of arguments");
   }
   /* random integer in the interval [low, up] */
-  luaL_argcheck(L, low <= up, 1, "interval is empty"); 
+  luaL_argcheck(L, low <= up, 1, "interval is empty");
   luaL_argcheck(L, low >= 0 || up <= LUA_MAXINTEGER + low, 1,
                    "interval too large");
   r *= (double)(up - low) + 1.0;
@@ -281,9 +284,9 @@ static int math_randomseed (lua_State *L) {
 static int math_type (lua_State *L) {
   if (lua_type(L, 1) == LUA_TNUMBER) {
       if (lua_isinteger(L, 1))
-        lua_pushliteral(L, "integer"); 
+        lua_pushliteral(L, "integer");
       else
-        lua_pushliteral(L, "float"); 
+        lua_pushliteral(L, "float");
   }
   else {
     luaL_checkany(L, 1);
diff --git a/src/loadlib.c b/src/loadlib.c
index 79119287..4791e748 100644
--- a/src/loadlib.c
+++ b/src/loadlib.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: loadlib.c,v 1.127 2015/11/23 11:30:45 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: loadlib.c,v 1.130 2017/01/12 17:14:26 roberto Exp $
 ** Dynamic library loader for Lua
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 **
@@ -25,40 +25,9 @@
 
 
 /*
-** LUA_PATH_VAR and LUA_CPATH_VAR are the names of the environment
-** variables that Lua check to set its paths.
-*/
-#if !defined(LUA_PATH_VAR)
-#define LUA_PATH_VAR	"LUA_PATH"
-#endif
-
-#if !defined(LUA_CPATH_VAR)
-#define LUA_CPATH_VAR	"LUA_CPATH"
-#endif
-
-#define LUA_PATHSUFFIX		"_" LUA_VERSION_MAJOR "_" LUA_VERSION_MINOR
-
-#define LUA_PATHVARVERSION		LUA_PATH_VAR LUA_PATHSUFFIX
-#define LUA_CPATHVARVERSION		LUA_CPATH_VAR LUA_PATHSUFFIX
-
-/*
-** LUA_PATH_SEP is the character that separates templates in a path.
-** LUA_PATH_MARK is the string that marks the substitution points in a
-** template.
-** LUA_EXEC_DIR in a Windows path is replaced by the executable's
-** directory.
 ** LUA_IGMARK is a mark to ignore all before it when building the
 ** luaopen_ function name.
 */
-#if !defined (LUA_PATH_SEP)
-#define LUA_PATH_SEP		";"
-#endif
-#if !defined (LUA_PATH_MARK)
-#define LUA_PATH_MARK		"?"
-#endif
-#if !defined (LUA_EXEC_DIR)
-#define LUA_EXEC_DIR		"!"
-#endif
 #if !defined (LUA_IGMARK)
 #define LUA_IGMARK		"-"
 #endif
@@ -94,7 +63,8 @@ static const int CLIBS = 0;
 
 #define LIB_FAIL	"open"
 
-#define setprogdir(L)		((void)0)
+
+#define setprogdir(L)           ((void)0)
 
 
 /*
@@ -179,7 +149,6 @@ static lua_CFunction lsys_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) {
 
 #include 
 
-#undef setprogdir
 
 /*
 ** optional flags for LoadLibraryEx
@@ -189,21 +158,30 @@ static lua_CFunction lsys_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) {
 #endif
 
 
+#undef setprogdir
+
+
+/*
+** Replace in the path (on the top of the stack) any occurrence
+** of LUA_EXEC_DIR with the executable's path.
+*/
 static void setprogdir (lua_State *L) {
   char buff[MAX_PATH + 1];
   char *lb;
   DWORD nsize = sizeof(buff)/sizeof(char);
-  DWORD n = GetModuleFileNameA(NULL, buff, nsize);
+  DWORD n = GetModuleFileNameA(NULL, buff, nsize);  /* get exec. name */
   if (n == 0 || n == nsize || (lb = strrchr(buff, '\\')) == NULL)
     luaL_error(L, "unable to get ModuleFileName");
   else {
-    *lb = '\0';
+    *lb = '\0';  /* cut name on the last '\\' to get the path */
     luaL_gsub(L, lua_tostring(L, -1), LUA_EXEC_DIR, buff);
     lua_remove(L, -2);  /* remove original string */
   }
 }
 
 
+
+
 static void pusherror (lua_State *L) {
   int error = GetLastError();
   char buffer[128];
@@ -272,6 +250,67 @@ static lua_CFunction lsys_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) {
 #endif				/* } */
 
 
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Set Paths
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+/*
+** LUA_PATH_VAR and LUA_CPATH_VAR are the names of the environment
+** variables that Lua check to set its paths.
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_PATH_VAR)
+#define LUA_PATH_VAR    "LUA_PATH"
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(LUA_CPATH_VAR)
+#define LUA_CPATH_VAR   "LUA_CPATH"
+#endif
+
+
+#define AUXMARK         "\1"	/* auxiliary mark */
+
+
+/*
+** return registry.LUA_NOENV as a boolean
+*/
+static int noenv (lua_State *L) {
+  int b;
+  lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "LUA_NOENV");
+  b = lua_toboolean(L, -1);
+  lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove value */
+  return b;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Set a path
+*/
+static void setpath (lua_State *L, const char *fieldname,
+                                   const char *envname,
+                                   const char *dft) {
+  const char *nver = lua_pushfstring(L, "%s%s", envname, LUA_VERSUFFIX);
+  const char *path = getenv(nver);  /* use versioned name */
+  if (path == NULL)  /* no environment variable? */
+    path = getenv(envname);  /* try unversioned name */
+  if (path == NULL || noenv(L))  /* no environment variable? */
+    lua_pushstring(L, dft);  /* use default */
+  else {
+    /* replace ";;" by ";AUXMARK;" and then AUXMARK by default path */
+    path = luaL_gsub(L, path, LUA_PATH_SEP LUA_PATH_SEP,
+                              LUA_PATH_SEP AUXMARK LUA_PATH_SEP);
+    luaL_gsub(L, path, AUXMARK, dft);
+    lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove result from 1st 'gsub' */
+  }
+  setprogdir(L);
+  lua_setfield(L, -3, fieldname);  /* package[fieldname] = path value */
+  lua_pop(L, 1);  /* pop versioned variable name */
+}
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
 /*
 ** return registry.CLIBS[path]
 */
@@ -520,7 +559,7 @@ static int searcher_Croot (lua_State *L) {
 
 static int searcher_preload (lua_State *L) {
   const char *name = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
-  lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_PRELOAD");
+  lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_PRELOAD_TABLE);
   if (lua_getfield(L, -1, name) == LUA_TNIL)  /* not found? */
     lua_pushfstring(L, "\n\tno field package.preload['%s']", name);
   return 1;
@@ -557,9 +596,9 @@ static void findloader (lua_State *L, const char *name) {
 
 static int ll_require (lua_State *L) {
   const char *name = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
-  lua_settop(L, 1);  /* _LOADED table will be at index 2 */
-  lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_LOADED");
-  lua_getfield(L, 2, name);  /* _LOADED[name] */
+  lua_settop(L, 1);  /* LOADED table will be at index 2 */
+  lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_LOADED_TABLE);
+  lua_getfield(L, 2, name);  /* LOADED[name] */
   if (lua_toboolean(L, -1))  /* is it there? */
     return 1;  /* package is already loaded */
   /* else must load package */
@@ -569,11 +608,11 @@ static int ll_require (lua_State *L) {
   lua_insert(L, -2);  /* name is 1st argument (before search data) */
   lua_call(L, 2, 1);  /* run loader to load module */
   if (!lua_isnil(L, -1))  /* non-nil return? */
-    lua_setfield(L, 2, name);  /* _LOADED[name] = returned value */
+    lua_setfield(L, 2, name);  /* LOADED[name] = returned value */
   if (lua_getfield(L, 2, name) == LUA_TNIL) {   /* module set no value? */
     lua_pushboolean(L, 1);  /* use true as result */
     lua_pushvalue(L, -1);  /* extra copy to be returned */
-    lua_setfield(L, 2, name);  /* _LOADED[name] = true */
+    lua_setfield(L, 2, name);  /* LOADED[name] = true */
   }
   return 1;
 }
@@ -666,41 +705,6 @@ static int ll_seeall (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 
-/* auxiliary mark (for internal use) */
-#define AUXMARK		"\1"
-
-
-/*
-** return registry.LUA_NOENV as a boolean
-*/
-static int noenv (lua_State *L) {
-  int b;
-  lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "LUA_NOENV");
-  b = lua_toboolean(L, -1);
-  lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove value */
-  return b;
-}
-
-
-static void setpath (lua_State *L, const char *fieldname, const char *envname1,
-                                   const char *envname2, const char *def) {
-  const char *path = getenv(envname1);
-  if (path == NULL)  /* no environment variable? */
-    path = getenv(envname2);  /* try alternative name */
-  if (path == NULL || noenv(L))  /* no environment variable? */
-    lua_pushstring(L, def);  /* use default */
-  else {
-    /* replace ";;" by ";AUXMARK;" and then AUXMARK by default path */
-    path = luaL_gsub(L, path, LUA_PATH_SEP LUA_PATH_SEP,
-                              LUA_PATH_SEP AUXMARK LUA_PATH_SEP);
-    luaL_gsub(L, path, AUXMARK, def);
-    lua_remove(L, -2);
-  }
-  setprogdir(L);
-  lua_setfield(L, -2, fieldname);
-}
-
-
 static const luaL_Reg pk_funcs[] = {
   {"loadlib", ll_loadlib},
   {"searchpath", ll_searchpath},
@@ -764,19 +768,18 @@ LUAMOD_API int luaopen_package (lua_State *L) {
   createclibstable(L);
   luaL_newlib(L, pk_funcs);  /* create 'package' table */
   createsearcherstable(L);
-  /* set field 'path' */
-  setpath(L, "path", LUA_PATHVARVERSION, LUA_PATH_VAR, LUA_PATH_DEFAULT);
-  /* set field 'cpath' */
-  setpath(L, "cpath", LUA_CPATHVARVERSION, LUA_CPATH_VAR, LUA_CPATH_DEFAULT);
+  /* set paths */
+  setpath(L, "path", LUA_PATH_VAR, LUA_PATH_DEFAULT);
+  setpath(L, "cpath", LUA_CPATH_VAR, LUA_CPATH_DEFAULT);
   /* store config information */
   lua_pushliteral(L, LUA_DIRSEP "\n" LUA_PATH_SEP "\n" LUA_PATH_MARK "\n"
                      LUA_EXEC_DIR "\n" LUA_IGMARK "\n");
   lua_setfield(L, -2, "config");
   /* set field 'loaded' */
-  luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_LOADED");
+  luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_LOADED_TABLE);
   lua_setfield(L, -2, "loaded");
   /* set field 'preload' */
-  luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "_PRELOAD");
+  luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_PRELOAD_TABLE);
   lua_setfield(L, -2, "preload");
   lua_pushglobaltable(L);
   lua_pushvalue(L, -2);  /* set 'package' as upvalue for next lib */
diff --git a/src/lobject.c b/src/lobject.c
index a44b3850..2da76899 100644
--- a/src/lobject.c
+++ b/src/lobject.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lobject.c,v 2.111 2016/05/20 14:07:48 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lobject.c,v 2.113 2016/12/22 13:08:50 roberto Exp $
 ** Some generic functions over Lua objects
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ static const char *l_str2d (const char *s, lua_Number *result) {
   endptr = l_str2dloc(s, result, mode);  /* try to convert */
   if (endptr == NULL) {  /* failed? may be a different locale */
     char buff[L_MAXLENNUM + 1];
-    char *pdot = strchr(s, '.');
+    const char *pdot = strchr(s, '.');
     if (strlen(s) > L_MAXLENNUM || pdot == NULL)
       return NULL;  /* string too long or no dot; fail */
     strcpy(buff, s);  /* copy string to buffer */
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ static void pushstr (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l) {
 
 
 /*
-** this function handles only '%d', '%c', '%f', '%p', and '%s' 
+** this function handles only '%d', '%c', '%f', '%p', and '%s'
    conventional formats, plus Lua-specific '%I' and '%U'
 */
 const char *luaO_pushvfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, va_list argp) {
diff --git a/src/lobject.h b/src/lobject.h
index 2d52b415..3c042289 100644
--- a/src/lobject.h
+++ b/src/lobject.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lobject.h,v 2.116 2015/11/03 18:33:10 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lobject.h,v 2.117 2016/08/01 19:51:24 roberto Exp $
 ** Type definitions for Lua objects
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ typedef struct LocVar {
 typedef struct Proto {
   CommonHeader;
   lu_byte numparams;  /* number of fixed parameters */
-  lu_byte is_vararg;  /* 2: declared vararg; 1: uses vararg */
+  lu_byte is_vararg;
   lu_byte maxstacksize;  /* number of registers needed by this function */
   int sizeupvalues;  /* size of 'upvalues' */
   int sizek;  /* size of 'k' */
diff --git a/src/lopcodes.h b/src/lopcodes.h
index 864b8e4b..bbc4b619 100644
--- a/src/lopcodes.h
+++ b/src/lopcodes.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lopcodes.h,v 1.148 2014/10/25 11:50:46 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lopcodes.h,v 1.149 2016/07/19 17:12:21 roberto Exp $
 ** Opcodes for Lua virtual machine
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -139,7 +139,9 @@ enum OpMode {iABC, iABx, iAsBx, iAx};  /* basic instruction format */
 /* gets the index of the constant */
 #define INDEXK(r)	((int)(r) & ~BITRK)
 
+#if !defined(MAXINDEXRK)  /* (for debugging only) */
 #define MAXINDEXRK	(BITRK - 1)
+#endif
 
 /* code a constant index as a RK value */
 #define RKASK(x)	((x) | BITRK)
diff --git a/src/loslib.c b/src/loslib.c
index 48106555..5a94eb90 100644
--- a/src/loslib.c
+++ b/src/loslib.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: loslib.c,v 1.64 2016/04/18 13:06:55 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: loslib.c,v 1.65 2016/07/18 17:58:58 roberto Exp $
 ** Standard Operating System library
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -30,16 +30,16 @@
 */
 #if !defined(LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS)	/* { */
 
-/* options for ANSI C 89 */
+/* options for ANSI C 89 (only 1-char options) */
 #define L_STRFTIMEC89		"aAbBcdHIjmMpSUwWxXyYZ%"
 
 /* options for ISO C 99 and POSIX */
 #define L_STRFTIMEC99 "aAbBcCdDeFgGhHIjmMnprRStTuUVwWxXyYzZ%" \
-	"||" "EcECExEXEyEY" "OdOeOHOIOmOMOSOuOUOVOwOWOy"
+    "||" "EcECExEXEyEY" "OdOeOHOIOmOMOSOuOUOVOwOWOy"  /* two-char options */
 
 /* options for Windows */
 #define L_STRFTIMEWIN "aAbBcdHIjmMpSUwWxXyYzZ%" \
-	"||" "#c#x#d#H#I#j#m#M#S#U#w#W#y#Y"
+    "||" "#c#x#d#H#I#j#m#M#S#U#w#W#y#Y"  /* two-char options */
 
 #if defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS)
 #define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS	L_STRFTIMEWIN
@@ -257,12 +257,13 @@ static int getfield (lua_State *L, const char *key, int d, int delta) {
 }
 
 
-static const char *checkoption (lua_State *L, const char *conv, char *buff) {
-  const char *option;
-  int oplen = 1;
-  for (option = LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS; *option != '\0'; option += oplen) {
+static const char *checkoption (lua_State *L, const char *conv,
+                                ptrdiff_t convlen, char *buff) {
+  const char *option = LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS;
+  int oplen = 1;  /* length of options being checked */
+  for (; *option != '\0' && oplen <= convlen; option += oplen) {
     if (*option == '|')  /* next block? */
-      oplen++;  /* next length */
+      oplen++;  /* will check options with next length (+1) */
     else if (memcmp(conv, option, oplen) == 0) {  /* match? */
       memcpy(buff, conv, oplen);  /* copy valid option to buffer */
       buff[oplen] = '\0';
@@ -280,8 +281,10 @@ static const char *checkoption (lua_State *L, const char *conv, char *buff) {
 
 
 static int os_date (lua_State *L) {
-  const char *s = luaL_optstring(L, 1, "%c");
+  size_t slen;
+  const char *s = luaL_optlstring(L, 1, "%c", &slen);
   time_t t = luaL_opt(L, l_checktime, 2, time(NULL));
+  const char *se = s + slen;  /* 's' end */
   struct tm tmr, *stm;
   if (*s == '!') {  /* UTC? */
     stm = l_gmtime(&t, &tmr);
@@ -300,13 +303,14 @@ static int os_date (lua_State *L) {
     luaL_Buffer b;
     cc[0] = '%';
     luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
-    while (*s) {
+    while (s < se) {
       if (*s != '%')  /* not a conversion specifier? */
         luaL_addchar(&b, *s++);
       else {
         size_t reslen;
         char *buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, SIZETIMEFMT);
-        s = checkoption(L, s + 1, cc + 1);  /* copy specifier to 'cc' */
+        s++;  /* skip '%' */
+        s = checkoption(L, s, se - s, cc + 1);  /* copy specifier to 'cc' */
         reslen = strftime(buff, SIZETIMEFMT, cc, stm);
         luaL_addsize(&b, reslen);
       }
diff --git a/src/lparser.c b/src/lparser.c
index 22530a57..cd4512d4 100644
--- a/src/lparser.c
+++ b/src/lparser.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lparser.c,v 2.153 2016/05/13 19:10:16 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lparser.c,v 2.155 2016/08/01 19:51:24 roberto Exp $
 ** Lua Parser
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -323,6 +323,8 @@ static void adjust_assign (LexState *ls, int nvars, int nexps, expdesc *e) {
       luaK_nil(fs, reg, extra);
     }
   }
+  if (nexps > nvars)
+    ls->fs->freereg -= nexps - nvars;  /* remove extra values */
 }
 
 
@@ -764,7 +766,7 @@ static void parlist (LexState *ls) {
         }
         case TK_DOTS: {  /* param -> '...' */
           luaX_next(ls);
-          f->is_vararg = 2;  /* declared vararg */
+          f->is_vararg = 1;  /* declared vararg */
           break;
         }
         default: luaX_syntaxerror(ls, " or '...' expected");
@@ -960,7 +962,6 @@ static void simpleexp (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
       FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
       check_condition(ls, fs->f->is_vararg,
                       "cannot use '...' outside a vararg function");
-      fs->f->is_vararg = 1;  /* function actually uses vararg */
       init_exp(v, VVARARG, luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_VARARG, 0, 1, 0));
       break;
     }
@@ -1160,11 +1161,8 @@ static void assignment (LexState *ls, struct LHS_assign *lh, int nvars) {
     int nexps;
     checknext(ls, '=');
     nexps = explist(ls, &e);
-    if (nexps != nvars) {
+    if (nexps != nvars)
       adjust_assign(ls, nvars, nexps, &e);
-      if (nexps > nvars)
-        ls->fs->freereg -= nexps - nvars;  /* remove extra values */
-    }
     else {
       luaK_setoneret(ls->fs, &e);  /* close last expression */
       luaK_storevar(ls->fs, &lh->v, &e);
@@ -1615,7 +1613,7 @@ static void mainfunc (LexState *ls, FuncState *fs) {
   BlockCnt bl;
   expdesc v;
   open_func(ls, fs, &bl);
-  fs->f->is_vararg = 2;  /* main function is always declared vararg */
+  fs->f->is_vararg = 1;  /* main function is always declared vararg */
   init_exp(&v, VLOCAL, 0);  /* create and... */
   newupvalue(fs, ls->envn, &v);  /* ...set environment upvalue */
   luaX_next(ls);  /* read first token */
diff --git a/src/lstate.h b/src/lstate.h
index b3033bee..a469466c 100644
--- a/src/lstate.h
+++ b/src/lstate.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lstate.h,v 2.130 2015/12/16 16:39:38 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lstate.h,v 2.133 2016/12/22 13:08:50 roberto Exp $
 ** Global State
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 **
 ** 'allgc': all objects not marked for finalization;
 ** 'finobj': all objects marked for finalization;
-** 'tobefnz': all objects ready to be finalized; 
+** 'tobefnz': all objects ready to be finalized;
 ** 'fixedgc': all objects that are not to be collected (currently
 ** only small strings, such as reserved words).
 
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ struct lua_longjmp;  /* defined in ldo.c */
 
 
 /*
-** Atomic type (relative to signals) to better ensure that 'lua_sethook' 
+** Atomic type (relative to signals) to better ensure that 'lua_sethook'
 ** is thread safe
 */
 #if !defined(l_signalT)
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ typedef struct stringtable {
 ** Information about a call.
 ** When a thread yields, 'func' is adjusted to pretend that the
 ** top function has only the yielded values in its stack; in that
-** case, the actual 'func' value is saved in field 'extra'. 
+** case, the actual 'func' value is saved in field 'extra'.
 ** When a function calls another with a continuation, 'extra' keeps
 ** the function index so that, in case of errors, the continuation
 ** function can be called with the correct top.
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ typedef struct CallInfo {
   } u;
   ptrdiff_t extra;
   short nresults;  /* expected number of results from this function */
-  lu_byte callstatus;
+  unsigned short callstatus;
 } CallInfo;
 
 
@@ -104,6 +104,7 @@ typedef struct CallInfo {
 #define CIST_TAIL	(1<<5)	/* call was tail called */
 #define CIST_HOOKYIELD	(1<<6)	/* last hook called yielded */
 #define CIST_LEQ	(1<<7)  /* using __lt for __le */
+#define CIST_FIN	(1<<8)  /* call is running a finalizer */
 
 #define isLua(ci)	((ci)->callstatus & CIST_LUA)
 
diff --git a/src/lstrlib.c b/src/lstrlib.c
index 12264f88..c7aa755f 100644
--- a/src/lstrlib.c
+++ b/src/lstrlib.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lstrlib.c,v 1.251 2016/05/20 14:13:21 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lstrlib.c,v 1.254 2016/12/22 13:08:50 roberto Exp $
 ** Standard library for string operations and pattern-matching
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -839,11 +839,12 @@ static lua_Number adddigit (char *buff, int n, lua_Number x) {
 
 
 static int num2straux (char *buff, int sz, lua_Number x) {
-  if (x != x || x == HUGE_VAL || x == -HUGE_VAL)  /* inf or NaN? */
-    return l_sprintf(buff, sz, LUA_NUMBER_FMT, x);  /* equal to '%g' */
+  /* if 'inf' or 'NaN', format it like '%g' */
+  if (x != x || x == (lua_Number)HUGE_VAL || x == -(lua_Number)HUGE_VAL)
+    return l_sprintf(buff, sz, LUA_NUMBER_FMT, (LUAI_UACNUMBER)x);
   else if (x == 0) {  /* can be -0... */
     /* create "0" or "-0" followed by exponent */
-    return l_sprintf(buff, sz, LUA_NUMBER_FMT "x0p+0", x);
+    return l_sprintf(buff, sz, LUA_NUMBER_FMT "x0p+0", (LUAI_UACNUMBER)x);
   }
   else {
     int e;
@@ -933,7 +934,7 @@ static void addquoted (luaL_Buffer *b, const char *s, size_t len) {
 static void checkdp (char *buff, int nb) {
   if (memchr(buff, '.', nb) == NULL) {  /* no dot? */
     char point = lua_getlocaledecpoint();  /* try locale point */
-    char *ppoint = memchr(buff, point, nb);
+    char *ppoint = (char *)memchr(buff, point, nb);
     if (ppoint) *ppoint = '.';  /* change it to a dot */
   }
 }
@@ -960,7 +961,7 @@ static void addliteral (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *b, int arg) {
         const char *format = (n == LUA_MININTEGER)  /* corner case? */
                            ? "0x%" LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN "x"  /* use hexa */
                            : LUA_INTEGER_FMT;  /* else use default format */
-        nb = l_sprintf(buff, MAX_ITEM, format, n);
+        nb = l_sprintf(buff, MAX_ITEM, format, (LUAI_UACINT)n);
       }
       luaL_addsize(b, nb);
       break;
@@ -1041,7 +1042,7 @@ static int str_format (lua_State *L) {
         case 'o': case 'u': case 'x': case 'X': {
           lua_Integer n = luaL_checkinteger(L, arg);
           addlenmod(form, LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN);
-          nb = l_sprintf(buff, MAX_ITEM, form, n);
+          nb = l_sprintf(buff, MAX_ITEM, form, (LUAI_UACINT)n);
           break;
         }
         case 'a': case 'A':
@@ -1051,8 +1052,9 @@ static int str_format (lua_State *L) {
           break;
         case 'e': case 'E': case 'f':
         case 'g': case 'G': {
+          lua_Number n = luaL_checknumber(L, arg);
           addlenmod(form, LUA_NUMBER_FRMLEN);
-          nb = l_sprintf(buff, MAX_ITEM, form, luaL_checknumber(L, arg));
+          nb = l_sprintf(buff, MAX_ITEM, form, (LUAI_UACNUMBER)n);
           break;
         }
         case 'q': {
@@ -1259,7 +1261,7 @@ static KOption getoption (Header *h, const char **fmt, int *size) {
 ** 'psize' is filled with option's size, 'notoalign' with its
 ** alignment requirements.
 ** Local variable 'size' gets the size to be aligned. (Kpadal option
-** always gets its full alignment, other options are limited by 
+** always gets its full alignment, other options are limited by
 ** the maximum alignment ('maxalign'). Kchar option needs no alignment
 ** despite its size.
 */
diff --git a/src/ltable.c b/src/ltable.c
index 7e15b71b..d080189f 100644
--- a/src/ltable.c
+++ b/src/ltable.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: ltable.c,v 2.117 2015/11/19 19:16:22 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: ltable.c,v 2.118 2016/11/07 12:38:35 roberto Exp $
 ** Lua tables (hash)
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -74,8 +74,6 @@
 
 #define dummynode		(&dummynode_)
 
-#define isdummy(n)		((n) == dummynode)
-
 static const Node dummynode_ = {
   {NILCONSTANT},  /* value */
   {{NILCONSTANT, 0}}  /* key */
@@ -308,14 +306,14 @@ static void setarrayvector (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int size) {
 
 
 static void setnodevector (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int size) {
-  int lsize;
   if (size == 0) {  /* no elements to hash part? */
     t->node = cast(Node *, dummynode);  /* use common 'dummynode' */
-    lsize = 0;
+    t->lsizenode = 0;
+    t->lastfree = NULL;  /* signal that it is using dummy node */
   }
   else {
     int i;
-    lsize = luaO_ceillog2(size);
+    int lsize = luaO_ceillog2(size);
     if (lsize > MAXHBITS)
       luaG_runerror(L, "table overflow");
     size = twoto(lsize);
@@ -326,9 +324,9 @@ static void setnodevector (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int size) {
       setnilvalue(wgkey(n));
       setnilvalue(gval(n));
     }
+    t->lsizenode = cast_byte(lsize);
+    t->lastfree = gnode(t, size);  /* all positions are free */
   }
-  t->lsizenode = cast_byte(lsize);
-  t->lastfree = gnode(t, size);  /* all positions are free */
 }
 
 
@@ -337,7 +335,7 @@ void luaH_resize (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int nasize,
   unsigned int i;
   int j;
   unsigned int oldasize = t->sizearray;
-  int oldhsize = t->lsizenode;
+  int oldhsize = allocsizenode(t);
   Node *nold = t->node;  /* save old hash ... */
   if (nasize > oldasize)  /* array part must grow? */
     setarrayvector(L, t, nasize);
@@ -354,7 +352,7 @@ void luaH_resize (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int nasize,
     luaM_reallocvector(L, t->array, oldasize, nasize, TValue);
   }
   /* re-insert elements from hash part */
-  for (j = twoto(oldhsize) - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
+  for (j = oldhsize - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
     Node *old = nold + j;
     if (!ttisnil(gval(old))) {
       /* doesn't need barrier/invalidate cache, as entry was
@@ -362,13 +360,13 @@ void luaH_resize (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int nasize,
       setobjt2t(L, luaH_set(L, t, gkey(old)), gval(old));
     }
   }
-  if (!isdummy(nold))
-    luaM_freearray(L, nold, cast(size_t, twoto(oldhsize))); /* free old hash */
+  if (oldhsize > 0)  /* not the dummy node? */
+    luaM_freearray(L, nold, cast(size_t, oldhsize)); /* free old hash */
 }
 
 
 void luaH_resizearray (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int nasize) {
-  int nsize = isdummy(t->node) ? 0 : sizenode(t);
+  int nsize = allocsizenode(t);
   luaH_resize(L, t, nasize, nsize);
 }
 
@@ -414,7 +412,7 @@ Table *luaH_new (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 void luaH_free (lua_State *L, Table *t) {
-  if (!isdummy(t->node))
+  if (!isdummy(t))
     luaM_freearray(L, t->node, cast(size_t, sizenode(t)));
   luaM_freearray(L, t->array, t->sizearray);
   luaM_free(L, t);
@@ -422,10 +420,12 @@ void luaH_free (lua_State *L, Table *t) {
 
 
 static Node *getfreepos (Table *t) {
-  while (t->lastfree > t->node) {
-    t->lastfree--;
-    if (ttisnil(gkey(t->lastfree)))
-      return t->lastfree;
+  if (!isdummy(t)) {
+    while (t->lastfree > t->node) {
+      t->lastfree--;
+      if (ttisnil(gkey(t->lastfree)))
+        return t->lastfree;
+    }
   }
   return NULL;  /* could not find a free place */
 }
@@ -445,7 +445,7 @@ TValue *luaH_newkey (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key) {
   if (ttisnil(key)) luaG_runerror(L, "table index is nil");
   else if (ttisfloat(key)) {
     lua_Integer k;
-    if (luaV_tointeger(key, &k, 0)) {  /* index is int? */
+    if (luaV_tointeger(key, &k, 0)) {  /* does index fit in an integer? */
       setivalue(&aux, k);
       key = &aux;  /* insert it as an integer */
     }
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ TValue *luaH_newkey (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key) {
       luaG_runerror(L, "table index is NaN");
   }
   mp = mainposition(t, key);
-  if (!ttisnil(gval(mp)) || isdummy(mp)) {  /* main position is taken? */
+  if (!ttisnil(gval(mp)) || isdummy(t)) {  /* main position is taken? */
     Node *othern;
     Node *f = getfreepos(t);  /* get a free place */
     if (f == NULL) {  /* cannot find a free place? */
@@ -461,7 +461,7 @@ TValue *luaH_newkey (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key) {
       /* whatever called 'newkey' takes care of TM cache */
       return luaH_set(L, t, key);  /* insert key into grown table */
     }
-    lua_assert(!isdummy(f));
+    lua_assert(!isdummy(t));
     othern = mainposition(t, gkey(mp));
     if (othern != mp) {  /* is colliding node out of its main position? */
       /* yes; move colliding node into free position */
@@ -651,7 +651,7 @@ int luaH_getn (Table *t) {
     return i;
   }
   /* else must find a boundary in hash part */
-  else if (isdummy(t->node))  /* hash part is empty? */
+  else if (isdummy(t))  /* hash part is empty? */
     return j;  /* that is easy... */
   else return unbound_search(t, j);
 }
@@ -664,6 +664,6 @@ Node *luaH_mainposition (const Table *t, const TValue *key) {
   return mainposition(t, key);
 }
 
-int luaH_isdummy (Node *n) { return isdummy(n); }
+int luaH_isdummy (const Table *t) { return isdummy(t); }
 
 #endif
diff --git a/src/ltable.h b/src/ltable.h
index 213cc139..6da9024f 100644
--- a/src/ltable.h
+++ b/src/ltable.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: ltable.h,v 2.21 2015/11/03 15:47:30 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: ltable.h,v 2.23 2016/12/22 13:08:50 roberto Exp $
 ** Lua tables (hash)
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 #define gnext(n)	((n)->i_key.nk.next)
 
 
-/* 'const' to avoid wrong writings that can mess up field 'next' */ 
+/* 'const' to avoid wrong writings that can mess up field 'next' */
 #define gkey(n)		cast(const TValue*, (&(n)->i_key.tvk))
 
 /*
@@ -27,6 +27,14 @@
 #define invalidateTMcache(t)	((t)->flags = 0)
 
 
+/* true when 't' is using 'dummynode' as its hash part */
+#define isdummy(t)		((t)->lastfree == NULL)
+
+
+/* allocated size for hash nodes */
+#define allocsizenode(t)	(isdummy(t) ? 0 : sizenode(t))
+
+
 /* returns the key, given the value of a table entry */
 #define keyfromval(v) \
   (gkey(cast(Node *, cast(char *, (v)) - offsetof(Node, i_val))))
@@ -51,7 +59,7 @@ LUAI_FUNC int luaH_getn (Table *t);
 
 #if defined(LUA_DEBUG)
 LUAI_FUNC Node *luaH_mainposition (const Table *t, const TValue *key);
-LUAI_FUNC int luaH_isdummy (Node *n);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaH_isdummy (const Table *t);
 #endif
 
 
diff --git a/src/ltm.c b/src/ltm.c
index 4650cc29..14e52578 100644
--- a/src/ltm.c
+++ b/src/ltm.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: ltm.c,v 2.37 2016/02/26 19:20:15 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: ltm.c,v 2.38 2016/12/22 13:08:50 roberto Exp $
 ** Tag methods
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 #include "lua.h"
 
 #include "ldebug.h"
-#include "ldo.h" 
+#include "ldo.h"
 #include "lobject.h"
 #include "lstate.h"
 #include "lstring.h"
diff --git a/src/lua.c b/src/lua.c
index 545d23d4..3f082da6 100644
--- a/src/lua.c
+++ b/src/lua.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lua.c,v 1.226 2015/08/14 19:11:20 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lua.c,v 1.230 2017/01/12 17:14:26 roberto Exp $
 ** Lua stand-alone interpreter
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include "lualib.h"
 
 
+
 #if !defined(LUA_PROMPT)
 #define LUA_PROMPT		"> "
 #define LUA_PROMPT2		">> "
@@ -37,8 +38,7 @@
 #define LUA_INIT_VAR		"LUA_INIT"
 #endif
 
-#define LUA_INITVARVERSION  \
-	LUA_INIT_VAR "_" LUA_VERSION_MAJOR "_" LUA_VERSION_MINOR
+#define LUA_INITVARVERSION	LUA_INIT_VAR LUA_VERSUFFIX
 
 
 /*
@@ -55,6 +55,8 @@
 #elif defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS)	/* }{ */
 
 #include 
+#include 
+
 #define lua_stdin_is_tty()	_isatty(_fileno(stdin))
 
 #else				/* }{ */
@@ -457,7 +459,7 @@ static int handle_script (lua_State *L, char **argv) {
 /*
 ** Traverses all arguments from 'argv', returning a mask with those
 ** needed before running any Lua code (or an error code if it finds
-** any invalid argument). 'first' returns the first not-handled argument 
+** any invalid argument). 'first' returns the first not-handled argument
 ** (either the script name or a bad argument in case of error).
 */
 static int collectargs (char **argv, int *first) {
@@ -481,7 +483,7 @@ static int collectargs (char **argv, int *first) {
         args |= has_E;
         break;
       case 'i':
-        args |= has_i;  /* (-i implies -v) *//* FALLTHROUGH */ 
+        args |= has_i;  /* (-i implies -v) *//* FALLTHROUGH */
       case 'v':
         if (argv[i][2] != '\0')  /* extra characters after 1st? */
           return has_error;  /* invalid option */
@@ -529,6 +531,7 @@ static int runargs (lua_State *L, char **argv, int n) {
 }
 
 
+
 static int handle_luainit (lua_State *L) {
   const char *name = "=" LUA_INITVARVERSION;
   const char *init = getenv(name + 1);
diff --git a/src/lua.h b/src/lua.h
index f78899fc..26c0e2d6 100644
--- a/src/lua.h
+++ b/src/lua.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lua.h,v 1.331 2016/05/30 15:53:28 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lua.h,v 1.332 2016/12/22 15:51:20 roberto Exp $
 ** Lua - A Scripting Language
 ** Lua.org, PUC-Rio, Brazil (http://www.lua.org)
 ** See Copyright Notice at the end of this file
@@ -19,11 +19,11 @@
 #define LUA_VERSION_MAJOR	"5"
 #define LUA_VERSION_MINOR	"3"
 #define LUA_VERSION_NUM		503
-#define LUA_VERSION_RELEASE	"3"
+#define LUA_VERSION_RELEASE	"4"
 
 #define LUA_VERSION	"Lua " LUA_VERSION_MAJOR "." LUA_VERSION_MINOR
 #define LUA_RELEASE	LUA_VERSION "." LUA_VERSION_RELEASE
-#define LUA_COPYRIGHT	LUA_RELEASE "  Copyright (C) 1994-2016 Lua.org, PUC-Rio"
+#define LUA_COPYRIGHT	LUA_RELEASE "  Copyright (C) 1994-2017 Lua.org, PUC-Rio"
 #define LUA_AUTHORS	"R. Ierusalimschy, L. H. de Figueiredo, W. Celes"
 
 
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@ struct lua_Debug {
 
 
 /******************************************************************************
-* Copyright (C) 1994-2016 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
+* Copyright (C) 1994-2017 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
 * a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
diff --git a/src/lua.rc b/src/lua.rc
index 7977a989..6dfb095d 100644
--- a/src/lua.rc
+++ b/src/lua.rc
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 0  ICON  "../etc/lua_lang.ico"
 
 1 VERSIONINFO
- FILEVERSION 5,3,3,0
- PRODUCTVERSION 5,3,3,0
+ FILEVERSION 5,3,4,0
+ PRODUCTVERSION 5,3,4,0
 BEGIN
     BLOCK "StringFileInfo"
     BEGIN
@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ BEGIN
             VALUE "Comments", "www.lua.org\0"
             VALUE "CompanyName", "Lua.org\0"
             VALUE "FileDescription", "Lua Standalone Interpreter\0"
-            VALUE "FileVersion", "5.3.3\0"
+            VALUE "FileVersion", "5.3.4\0"
             VALUE "LegalCopyright", "Copyright � 1994-2015 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.\0"
             VALUE "OriginalFilename", "lua.exe\0"
             VALUE "ProductName", "Lua - The Programming Language\0"
-            VALUE "ProductVersion", "5.3.3\0"
+            VALUE "ProductVersion", "5.3.4\0"
             VALUE "PrivateBuild", "Built using LuaDist\0"
         END
     END
diff --git a/src/luac.rc b/src/luac.rc
index 217aae2e..a605e62c 100644
--- a/src/luac.rc
+++ b/src/luac.rc
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 0  ICON  "../etc/lua.ico"
 
 1 VERSIONINFO
- FILEVERSION 5,3,3,0
- PRODUCTVERSION 5,3,3,0
+ FILEVERSION 5,3,4,0
+ PRODUCTVERSION 5,3,4,0
 BEGIN
     BLOCK "StringFileInfo"
     BEGIN
@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ BEGIN
             VALUE "Comments", "www.lua.org\0"
             VALUE "CompanyName", "Lua.org\0"
             VALUE "FileDescription", "Lua Compiler\0"
-            VALUE "FileVersion", "5.3.3\0"
+            VALUE "FileVersion", "5.3.4\0"
             VALUE "LegalCopyright", "Copyright � 1994-2015 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.\0"
             VALUE "OriginalFilename", "luac.exe\0"
             VALUE "ProductName", "Lua - The Programming Language\0"
-            VALUE "ProductVersion", "5.3.3\0"
+            VALUE "ProductVersion", "5.3.4\0"
             VALUE "PrivateBuild", "Built using LuaDist\0"
         END
     END
diff --git a/src/luaconf.h.in b/src/luaconf.h.in
index 4773d333..ca6e2023 100644
--- a/src/luaconf.h.in
+++ b/src/luaconf.h.in
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: luaconf.h,v 1.255 2016/05/01 20:06:09 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: luaconf.h,v 1.259 2016/12/22 13:08:50 roberto Exp $
 ** Configuration file for Lua
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -140,6 +140,18 @@
 ** ===================================================================
 */
 
+/*
+** LUA_PATH_SEP is the character that separates templates in a path.
+** LUA_PATH_MARK is the string that marks the substitution points in a
+** template.
+** LUA_EXEC_DIR in a Windows path is replaced by the executable's
+** directory.
+*/
+#define LUA_PATH_SEP            ";"
+#define LUA_PATH_MARK           "?"
+#define LUA_EXEC_DIR            "!"
+
+
 /*
 @@ LUA_PATH_DEFAULT is the default path that Lua uses to look for
 ** Lua libraries.
@@ -360,7 +372,7 @@
 
 /*
 @@ LUA_NUMBER is the floating-point type used by Lua.
-@@ LUAI_UACNUMBER is the result of an 'usual argument conversion'
+@@ LUAI_UACNUMBER is the result of a 'default argument promotion'
 @@ over a floating number.
 @@ l_mathlim(x) corrects limit name 'x' to the proper float type
 ** by prefixing it with one of FLT/DBL/LDBL.
@@ -377,7 +389,8 @@
 
 #define l_floor(x)		(l_mathop(floor)(x))
 
-#define lua_number2str(s,sz,n)	l_sprintf((s), sz, LUA_NUMBER_FMT, (n))
+#define lua_number2str(s,sz,n)  \
+	l_sprintf((s), sz, LUA_NUMBER_FMT, (LUAI_UACNUMBER)(n))
 
 /*
 @@ lua_numbertointeger converts a float number to an integer, or
@@ -454,7 +467,7 @@
 **
 @@ LUA_UNSIGNED is the unsigned version of LUA_INTEGER.
 **
-@@ LUAI_UACINT is the result of an 'usual argument conversion'
+@@ LUAI_UACINT is the result of a 'default argument promotion'
 @@ over a lUA_INTEGER.
 @@ LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN is the length modifier for reading/writing integers.
 @@ LUA_INTEGER_FMT is the format for writing integers.
@@ -467,10 +480,12 @@
 /* The following definitions are good for most cases here */
 
 #define LUA_INTEGER_FMT		"%" LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN "d"
-#define lua_integer2str(s,sz,n)	l_sprintf((s), sz, LUA_INTEGER_FMT, (n))
 
 #define LUAI_UACINT		LUA_INTEGER
 
+#define lua_integer2str(s,sz,n)  \
+	l_sprintf((s), sz, LUA_INTEGER_FMT, (LUAI_UACINT)(n))
+
 /*
 ** use LUAI_UACINT here to avoid problems with promotions (which
 ** can turn a comparison between unsigneds into a signed comparison)
@@ -568,7 +583,8 @@
 ** provide its own implementation.
 */
 #if !defined(LUA_USE_C89)
-#define lua_number2strx(L,b,sz,f,n)	((void)L, l_sprintf(b,sz,f,n))
+#define lua_number2strx(L,b,sz,f,n)  \
+	((void)L, l_sprintf(b,sz,f,(LUAI_UACNUMBER)(n)))
 #endif
 
 
@@ -684,11 +700,11 @@
 /*
 @@ LUAL_BUFFERSIZE is the buffer size used by the lauxlib buffer system.
 ** CHANGE it if it uses too much C-stack space. (For long double,
-** 'string.format("%.99f", 1e4932)' needs ~5030 bytes, so a
+** 'string.format("%.99f", -1e4932)' needs 5034 bytes, so a
 ** smaller buffer would force a memory allocation for each call to
 ** 'string.format'.)
 */
-#if defined(LUA_FLOAT_LONGDOUBLE)
+#if LUA_FLOAT_TYPE == LUA_FLOAT_LONGDOUBLE
 #define LUAL_BUFFERSIZE		8192
 #else
 #define LUAL_BUFFERSIZE   ((int)(0x80 * sizeof(void*) * sizeof(lua_Integer)))
diff --git a/src/luaconf.h.orig b/src/luaconf.h.orig
index fd447ccb..f37bea09 100644
--- a/src/luaconf.h.orig
+++ b/src/luaconf.h.orig
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: luaconf.h,v 1.255 2016/05/01 20:06:09 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: luaconf.h,v 1.259 2016/12/22 13:08:50 roberto Exp $
 ** Configuration file for Lua
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -158,6 +158,18 @@
 ** ===================================================================
 */
 
+/*
+** LUA_PATH_SEP is the character that separates templates in a path.
+** LUA_PATH_MARK is the string that marks the substitution points in a
+** template.
+** LUA_EXEC_DIR in a Windows path is replaced by the executable's
+** directory.
+*/
+#define LUA_PATH_SEP            ";"
+#define LUA_PATH_MARK           "?"
+#define LUA_EXEC_DIR            "!"
+
+
 /*
 @@ LUA_PATH_DEFAULT is the default path that Lua uses to look for
 ** Lua libraries.
@@ -404,7 +416,7 @@
 
 /*
 @@ LUA_NUMBER is the floating-point type used by Lua.
-@@ LUAI_UACNUMBER is the result of an 'usual argument conversion'
+@@ LUAI_UACNUMBER is the result of a 'default argument promotion'
 @@ over a floating number.
 @@ l_mathlim(x) corrects limit name 'x' to the proper float type
 ** by prefixing it with one of FLT/DBL/LDBL.
@@ -421,7 +433,8 @@
 
 #define l_floor(x)		(l_mathop(floor)(x))
 
-#define lua_number2str(s,sz,n)	l_sprintf((s), sz, LUA_NUMBER_FMT, (n))
+#define lua_number2str(s,sz,n)  \
+	l_sprintf((s), sz, LUA_NUMBER_FMT, (LUAI_UACNUMBER)(n))
 
 /*
 @@ lua_numbertointeger converts a float number to an integer, or
@@ -498,7 +511,7 @@
 **
 @@ LUA_UNSIGNED is the unsigned version of LUA_INTEGER.
 **
-@@ LUAI_UACINT is the result of an 'usual argument conversion'
+@@ LUAI_UACINT is the result of a 'default argument promotion'
 @@ over a lUA_INTEGER.
 @@ LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN is the length modifier for reading/writing integers.
 @@ LUA_INTEGER_FMT is the format for writing integers.
@@ -511,10 +524,12 @@
 /* The following definitions are good for most cases here */
 
 #define LUA_INTEGER_FMT		"%" LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN "d"
-#define lua_integer2str(s,sz,n)	l_sprintf((s), sz, LUA_INTEGER_FMT, (n))
 
 #define LUAI_UACINT		LUA_INTEGER
 
+#define lua_integer2str(s,sz,n)  \
+	l_sprintf((s), sz, LUA_INTEGER_FMT, (LUAI_UACINT)(n))
+
 /*
 ** use LUAI_UACINT here to avoid problems with promotions (which
 ** can turn a comparison between unsigneds into a signed comparison)
@@ -606,13 +621,14 @@
 
 
 /*
-@@ lua_number2strx converts a float to an hexadecimal numeric string. 
+@@ lua_number2strx converts a float to an hexadecimal numeric string.
 ** In C99, 'sprintf' (with format specifiers '%a'/'%A') does that.
 ** Otherwise, you can leave 'lua_number2strx' undefined and Lua will
 ** provide its own implementation.
 */
 #if !defined(LUA_USE_C89)
-#define lua_number2strx(L,b,sz,f,n)	((void)L, l_sprintf(b,sz,f,n))
+#define lua_number2strx(L,b,sz,f,n)  \
+	((void)L, l_sprintf(b,sz,f,(LUAI_UACNUMBER)(n)))
 #endif
 
 
@@ -728,11 +744,11 @@
 /*
 @@ LUAL_BUFFERSIZE is the buffer size used by the lauxlib buffer system.
 ** CHANGE it if it uses too much C-stack space. (For long double,
-** 'string.format("%.99f", 1e4932)' needs ~5030 bytes, so a
+** 'string.format("%.99f", -1e4932)' needs 5034 bytes, so a
 ** smaller buffer would force a memory allocation for each call to
 ** 'string.format'.)
 */
-#if defined(LUA_FLOAT_LONGDOUBLE)
+#if LUA_FLOAT_TYPE == LUA_FLOAT_LONGDOUBLE
 #define LUAL_BUFFERSIZE		8192
 #else
 #define LUAL_BUFFERSIZE   ((int)(0x80 * sizeof(void*) * sizeof(lua_Integer)))
diff --git a/src/lualib.h b/src/lualib.h
index 5165c0fb..6c0bc4cb 100644
--- a/src/lualib.h
+++ b/src/lualib.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lualib.h,v 1.44 2014/02/06 17:32:33 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lualib.h,v 1.45 2017/01/12 17:14:26 roberto Exp $
 ** Lua standard libraries
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@
 #include "lua.h"
 
 
+/* version suffix for environment variable names */
+#define LUA_VERSUFFIX          "_" LUA_VERSION_MAJOR "_" LUA_VERSION_MINOR
+
 
 LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_base) (lua_State *L);
 
diff --git a/src/lutf8lib.c b/src/lutf8lib.c
index 9042582d..de9e3dcd 100644
--- a/src/lutf8lib.c
+++ b/src/lutf8lib.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lutf8lib.c,v 1.15 2015/03/28 19:16:55 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lutf8lib.c,v 1.16 2016/12/22 13:08:50 roberto Exp $
 ** Standard library for UTF-8 manipulation
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ static int byteoffset (lua_State *L) {
     lua_pushinteger(L, posi + 1);
   else  /* no such character */
     lua_pushnil(L);
-  return 1;  
+  return 1;
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/lvm.h b/src/lvm.h
index bcf52d20..422f8719 100644
--- a/src/lvm.h
+++ b/src/lvm.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-** $Id: lvm.h,v 2.40 2016/01/05 16:07:21 roberto Exp $
+** $Id: lvm.h,v 2.41 2016/12/22 13:08:50 roberto Exp $
 ** Lua virtual machine
 ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
 */
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@
 #define luaV_settable(L,t,k,v) { const TValue *slot; \
   if (!luaV_fastset(L,t,k,slot,luaH_get,v)) \
     luaV_finishset(L,t,k,v,slot); }
-  
+
 
 
 LUAI_FUNC int luaV_equalobj (lua_State *L, const TValue *t1, const TValue *t2);

From 8eb1482b493a3a44f004c86baeeb0683ec094542 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Xpol Wan 
Date: Mon, 21 Oct 2019 22:47:36 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 3/3] Updated to lua-5.3.5.

---
 README.md          |   2 +-
 dist.info          |   2 +-
 doc/contents.html  |   6 +--
 doc/lua.css        |  33 +++++++--------
 doc/manual.html    | 101 ++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------------
 doc/readme.html    |   6 +--
 src/Makefile       |   4 +-
 src/lapi.c         |   7 ++--
 src/lapi.h         |   2 +-
 src/lauxlib.c      |   2 +-
 src/lauxlib.h      |   2 +-
 src/lbaselib.c     |   2 +-
 src/lbitlib.c      |   2 +-
 src/lcode.c        |   2 +-
 src/lcode.h        |   2 +-
 src/lcorolib.c     |   2 +-
 src/lctype.c       |   2 +-
 src/lctype.h       |   2 +-
 src/ldblib.c       |   2 +-
 src/ldebug.c       |   3 +-
 src/ldebug.h       |   2 +-
 src/ldo.c          |   2 +-
 src/ldo.h          |   2 +-
 src/ldump.c        |   2 +-
 src/lfunc.c        |   2 +-
 src/lfunc.h        |   2 +-
 src/lgc.c          |   5 ++-
 src/lgc.h          |   2 +-
 src/linit.c        |   2 +-
 src/liolib.c       |  13 ++++--
 src/llex.c         |   2 +-
 src/llex.h         |   2 +-
 src/llimits.h      |   2 +-
 src/lmathlib.c     |   2 +-
 src/lmem.c         |   2 +-
 src/lmem.h         |   2 +-
 src/loadlib.c      |   2 +-
 src/lobject.c      |   5 ++-
 src/lobject.h      |   2 +-
 src/lopcodes.c     |   2 +-
 src/lopcodes.h     |   2 +-
 src/loslib.c       |   8 ++--
 src/lparser.c      |   4 +-
 src/lparser.h      |   2 +-
 src/lprefix.h      |   2 +-
 src/lstate.c       |   2 +-
 src/lstate.h       |  20 ++++++++-
 src/lstring.c      |   2 +-
 src/lstring.h      |   2 +-
 src/lstrlib.c      |   8 ++--
 src/ltable.c       |  35 ++++++++++++----
 src/ltable.h       |   4 +-
 src/ltablib.c      |   2 +-
 src/ltm.c          |   2 +-
 src/ltm.h          |   2 +-
 src/lua.c          |   4 +-
 src/lua.h          |   8 ++--
 src/lua.rc         |   8 ++--
 src/luac.c         |   5 ++-
 src/luac.rc        |   8 ++--
 src/luaconf.h.in   |   9 +++-
 src/luaconf.h.orig |   9 +++-
 src/lualib.h       |   2 +-
 src/lundump.c      |   2 +-
 src/lundump.h      |   2 +-
 src/lutf8lib.c     |   4 +-
 src/lvm.c          |   2 +-
 src/lvm.h          |   2 +-
 src/lzio.c         |   2 +-
 src/lzio.h         |   2 +-
 70 files changed, 233 insertions(+), 176 deletions(-)

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 0b31908a..ed424def 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 
-This is Lua 5.3.4, released on 12 Jan 2017.
+This is Lua 5.3.5, released on 26 Jun 2018.
 
 For installation instructions, license details, and
 further information about Lua, see doc/readme.html.
diff --git a/dist.info b/dist.info
index 53de4661..a851b17e 100644
--- a/dist.info
+++ b/dist.info
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 --- This file is part of LuaDist project
 
 name = "lua"
-version = "5.3.4"
+version = "5.3.5"
 
 desc = "Lua is a powerful, fast, light-weight, embeddable scripting language."
 author = "Roberto Ierusalimschy, Waldemar Celes, Luiz Henrique de Figueiredo"
diff --git a/doc/contents.html b/doc/contents.html
index 445556f9..c4eb2677 100644
--- a/doc/contents.html
+++ b/doc/contents.html
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ 
    
 
 
    
 
-Copyright © 2015–2017 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
+Copyright © 2015–2018 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
 Freely available under the terms of the
 Lua license.
 
@@ -609,10 +609,10 @@ 
    constants
    
 
 
    
 Last update:
-Thu Dec 22 18:29:39 BRST 2016
+Mon Jun 18 22:56:06 -03 2018
 
    
 
 
 
diff --git a/doc/lua.css b/doc/lua.css
index 5bedf7eb..cbd0799d 100644
--- a/doc/lua.css
+++ b/doc/lua.css
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ body {
 	line-height: 1.25 ;
 	margin: 16px auto ;
 	padding: 32px ;
-	border: solid #a0a0a0 1px ;
+	border: solid #ccc 1px ;
 	border-radius: 20px ;
 	max-width: 70em ;
 	width: 90% ;
@@ -111,36 +111,29 @@ pre.session {
 	border-radius: 8px ;
 }
 
-td.gutter {
-	width: 4% ;
-}
-
-table.columns {
+table {
 	border: none ;
 	border-spacing: 0 ;
 	border-collapse: collapse ;
 }
 
-table.columns td {
-	vertical-align: top ;
+td {
 	padding: 0 ;
-	padding-bottom: 1em ;
-	text-align: justify ;
-	line-height: 1.25 ;
+	margin: 0 ;
 }
 
-p.logos a:link:hover, p.logos a:visited:hover {
-	background-color: inherit ;
+td.gutter {
+	width: 4% ;
 }
 
-table.book {
-	border: none ;
-	border-spacing: 0 ;
-	border-collapse: collapse ;
+table.columns td {
+	vertical-align: top ;
+	padding-bottom: 1em ;
+	text-align: justify ;
+	line-height: 1.25 ;
 }
 
 table.book td {
-	padding: 0 ;
 	vertical-align: top ;
 }
 
@@ -159,6 +152,10 @@ table.book span {
 	margin-top: 0.25em ;
 }
 
+p.logos a:link:hover, p.logos a:visited:hover {
+	background-color: inherit ;
+}
+
 img {
 	background-color: white ;
 }
diff --git a/doc/manual.html b/doc/manual.html
index 3126b5d6..89a642a4 100644
--- a/doc/manual.html
+++ b/doc/manual.html
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ 
    
 
 
    
 
-Copyright © 2015–2017 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
+Copyright © 2015–2018 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
 Freely available under the terms of the
 Lua license.
 
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ 
    
 
 
    
 
-
+
 
 
 
@@ -203,8 +203,8 @@ 
    2.1 – Values and Types
    
 
 
    
 The type table implements associative arrays,
-that is, arrays that can be indexed not only with numbers,
-but with any Lua value except nil and NaN.
+that is, arrays that can have as indices not only numbers,
+but any Lua value except nil and NaN.
 (Not a Number is a special value used to represent
 undefined or unrepresentable numerical results, such as 0/0.)
 Tables can be heterogeneous;
@@ -400,6 +400,8 @@ 
    2.4 – Metatables and Metamethods
    
 the corresponding values are called metamethods.
 In the previous example, the key is "__add"
 and the metamethod is the function that performs the addition.
+Unless stated otherwise,
+metamethods should be function values.
 
 
 
    
@@ -597,7 +599,7 @@ 
    2.4 – Metatables and Metamethods
    
 
 
 
  • __index: 
-The indexing access table[key].
+The indexing access operation table[key].
 This event happens when table is not a table or
 when key is not present in table.
 The metamethod is looked up in table.
@@ -1276,13 +1278,8 @@ 
    3.2 – Variables
    
 
     	var ::= prefixexp ‘[’ exp ‘]’
 
    
-The meaning of accesses to table fields can be changed via metatables.
-An access to an indexed variable t[i] is equivalent to
-a call gettable_event(t,i).
-(See §2.4 for a complete description of the
-gettable_event function.
-This function is not defined or callable in Lua.
-We use it here only for explanatory purposes.)
+The meaning of accesses to table fields can be changed via metatables
+(see §2.4).
 
 
 
    
@@ -1476,23 +1473,18 @@ 
    3.3.3 – Assignment
    
 cyclically permutes the values of x, y, and z.
 
 
-
    
-The meaning of assignments to global variables
-and table fields can be changed via metatables.
-An assignment to an indexed variable t[i] = val is equivalent to
-settable_event(t,i,val).
-(See §2.4 for a complete description of the
-settable_event function.
-This function is not defined or callable in Lua.
-We use it here only for explanatory purposes.)
-
-
 
    
 An assignment to a global name x = val
 is equivalent to the assignment
 _ENV.x = val (see §2.2).
 
 
+
    
+The meaning of assignments to table fields and
+global variables (which are actually table fields, too)
+can be changed via metatables (see §2.4).
+
+
 
 
 
@@ -1831,17 +1823,17 @@ 
    3.4 – Expressions
    
      g(f(), x)          -- f() is adjusted to 1 result
      g(x, f())          -- g gets x plus all results from f()
      a,b,c = f(), x     -- f() is adjusted to 1 result (c gets nil)
-     a,b = ...          -- a gets the first vararg parameter, b gets
+     a,b = ...          -- a gets the first vararg argument, b gets
                         -- the second (both a and b can get nil if there
-                        -- is no corresponding vararg parameter)
+                        -- is no corresponding vararg argument)
      
      a,b,c = x, f()     -- f() is adjusted to 2 results
      a,b,c = f()        -- f() is adjusted to 3 results
      return f()         -- returns all results from f()
-     return ...         -- returns all received vararg parameters
+     return ...         -- returns all received vararg arguments
      return x,y,f()     -- returns x, y, and all results from f()
      {f()}              -- creates a list with all results from f()
-     {...}              -- creates a list with all vararg parameters
+     {...}              -- creates a list with all vararg arguments
      {f(), nil}         -- f() is adjusted to 1 result
    • @@ -2039,9 +2031,12 @@

    3.4.4 – Relational Operators

    Every time you create a new object (a table, userdata, or thread), this new object is different from any previously existing object. -Closures with the same reference are always equal. +A closure is always equal to itself. Closures with any detectable difference (different behavior, different definition) are always different. +Closures created at different times but with no detectable differences +may be classified as equal or not +(depending on internal caching details).

    @@ -2303,7 +2298,7 @@

    3.4.10 – Function Calls

    then this function is called with the given arguments. Otherwise, the prefixexp "call" metamethod is called, -having as first parameter the value of prefixexp, +having as first argument the value of prefixexp, followed by the original call arguments (see §2.4). @@ -2881,7 +2876,7 @@

    4.6 – Error Handling in C

    as it should be already protected. However, when C code operates on other Lua states -(e.g., a Lua parameter to the function, +(e.g., a Lua argument to the function, a Lua state stored in the registry, or the result of lua_newthread), it should use them only in API calls that cannot raise errors. @@ -3370,7 +3365,7 @@

    4.8 – Functions and Types

    Destroys all objects in the given Lua state (calling the corresponding garbage-collection metamethods, if any) and frees all dynamic memory used by this state. -On several platforms, you may not need to call this function, +In several platforms, you may not need to call this function, because all resources are naturally released when the host program ends. On the other hand, long-running programs that create multiple states, such as daemons or web servers, @@ -5584,7 +5579,7 @@

    4.9 – The Debug Interface

    -To get information about a function you push it onto the stack +To get information about a function, you push it onto the stack and start the what string with the character '>'. (In that case, lua_getinfo pops the function from the top of the stack.) @@ -6462,7 +6457,7 @@

    5.1 – Functions and Types

    Pushes onto the stack the field e from the metatable -of the object at index obj and returns the type of pushed value. +of the object at index obj and returns the type of the pushed value. If the object does not have a metatable, or if the metatable does not have this field, pushes nothing and returns LUA_TNIL. @@ -6749,7 +6744,7 @@

    5.1 – Functions and Types

    the macro results in the default dflt. Otherwise, it results in the result of calling func with the state L and the argument index arg as -parameters. +arguments. Note that it evaluates the expression dflt only if needed. @@ -8680,7 +8675,7 @@

    Character Class:

    You can put a closing square bracket in a set by positioning it as the first character in the set. -You can put an hyphen in a set +You can put a hyphen in a set by positioning it as the first or the last character in the set. (You can also use an escape for both cases.) @@ -9082,8 +9077,8 @@

    6.6 – Table Manipulation

    -Returns a new table with all parameters stored into keys 1, 2, etc. -and with a field "n" with the total number of parameters. +Returns a new table with all arguments stored into keys 1, 2, etc. +and with a field "n" with the total number of arguments. Note that the resulting table may not be a sequence. @@ -9215,7 +9210,7 @@

    6.7 – Mathematical Functions

    Returns the arc tangent of y/x (in radians), -but uses the signs of both parameters to find the +but uses the signs of both arguments to find the quadrant of the result. (It also handles correctly the case of x being zero.) @@ -9516,7 +9511,7 @@

    6.8 – Input and Output Facilities

    (plus an error message as a second result and a system-dependent error code as a third result) and some value different from nil on success. -On non-POSIX systems, +In non-POSIX systems, the computation of the error message and error code in case of errors may be not thread safe, @@ -9553,7 +9548,7 @@

    6.8 – Input and Output Facilities

    and sets its handle as the default input file. When called with a file handle, it simply sets this file handle as the default input file. -When called without parameters, +When called without arguments, it returns the current default input file. @@ -9580,7 +9575,7 @@

    6.8 – Input and Output Facilities

    The call io.lines() (with no file name) is equivalent to io.input():lines("*l"); that is, it iterates over the lines of the default input file. -In this case it does not close the file when the loop ends. +In this case, the iterator does not close the file when the loop ends.

    @@ -9963,7 +9958,7 @@

    6.9 – Operating System Facilities

    -On non-POSIX systems, +In non-POSIX systems, this function may be not thread safe because of its reliance on C function gmtime and C function localtime. @@ -10163,7 +10158,7 @@

    6.9 – Operating System Facilities

    -On POSIX systems, +In POSIX systems, this function also creates a file with that name, to avoid security risks. (Someone else might create the file with wrong permissions @@ -10301,8 +10296,8 @@

    6.10 – The Debug Library

    following the order that they are declared in the code, counting only the variables that are active in the current scope of the function. -Negative indices refer to vararg parameters; --1 is the first vararg parameter. +Negative indices refer to vararg arguments; +-1 is the first vararg argument. The function returns nil if there is no variable with the given index, and raises an error when called with a level out of range. (You can call debug.getinfo to check whether the level is valid.) @@ -10400,7 +10395,7 @@

    6.10 – The Debug Library

    -When the hook is called, its first parameter is a string +When the hook is called, its first argument is a string describing the event that has triggered its call: "call" (or "tail call"), "return", @@ -10551,7 +10546,8 @@

    7 – Lua Standalone