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CLAP

The Contrastive Language-Audio Pretraining Model Architecture

This repository provides representations of audios and texts via Contrastive Language-Audio Pretraining (CLAP)

With CLAP, you can extract a latent representation of any given audio and text for your own model, or for different downstream tasks.

All codes are comming officially with the following paper, accepted by IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2023:

New Updates:

1. We release new CLAP pretrained checkpoints pretrained on music and speech data collecstions from our dataset collection repo.

2. CLAP model is incorporated and supported by HuggingFace Transformers. Many thanks to Younes Belkada and Arthur Zucker for contributing to the HuggingFace support.

About this project

This project is a project in LAION that aims at learning better audio understanding and getting more audio data. This is an opensource project. We adopt the codebase of open_clip for this project.

many thanks to @cfoster0 for allowing us to use his repo name.

Architecture

Contrastive Language-Audio Pretraining, known as CLAP. Referring to the CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining) architecture, the CLAP architecture is as follows.

The Contrastive Language-Audio Pretraining Model Architecture

Quick Start

We provide the PyPI library for our CLAP model:

pip install laion-clap

Then you can follow the below usage or refer to unit_test.py.

For the documentation of the API, please refer to hook.py.

import numpy as np
import librosa
import torch
import laion_clap

# quantization
def int16_to_float32(x):
    return (x / 32767.0).astype(np.float32)


def float32_to_int16(x):
    x = np.clip(x, a_min=-1., a_max=1.)
    return (x * 32767.).astype(np.int16)

model = laion_clap.CLAP_Module(enable_fusion=False)
model.load_ckpt() # download the default pretrained checkpoint.

# Directly get audio embeddings from audio files
audio_file = [
    '/home/data/test_clap_short.wav',
    '/home/data/test_clap_long.wav'
]
audio_embed = model.get_audio_embedding_from_filelist(x = audio_file, use_tensor=False)
print(audio_embed[:,-20:])
print(audio_embed.shape)

# Get audio embeddings from audio data
audio_data, _ = librosa.load('/home/data/test_clap_short.wav', sr=48000) # sample rate should be 48000
audio_data = audio_data.reshape(1, -1) # Make it (1,T) or (N,T)
audio_embed = model.get_audio_embedding_from_data(x = audio_data, use_tensor=False)
print(audio_embed[:,-20:])
print(audio_embed.shape)

# Directly get audio embeddings from audio files, but return torch tensor
audio_file = [
    '/home/data/test_clap_short.wav',
    '/home/data/test_clap_long.wav'
]
audio_embed = model.get_audio_embedding_from_filelist(x = audio_file, use_tensor=True)
print(audio_embed[:,-20:])
print(audio_embed.shape)

# Get audio embeddings from audio data
audio_data, _ = librosa.load('/home/data/test_clap_short.wav', sr=48000) # sample rate should be 48000
audio_data = audio_data.reshape(1, -1) # Make it (1,T) or (N,T)
audio_data = torch.from_numpy(int16_to_float32(float32_to_int16(audio_data))).float() # quantize before send it in to the model
audio_embed = model.get_audio_embedding_from_data(x = audio_data, use_tensor=True)
print(audio_embed[:,-20:])
print(audio_embed.shape)

# Get text embedings from texts:
text_data = ["I love the contrastive learning", "I love the pretrain model"] 
text_embed = model.get_text_embedding(text_data)
print(text_embed)
print(text_embed.shape)

# Get text embedings from texts, but return torch tensor:
text_data = ["I love the contrastive learning", "I love the pretrain model"] 
text_embed = model.get_text_embedding(text_data, use_tensor=True)
print(text_embed)
print(text_embed.shape)

Pretrained Models

The pretrained checkpoints can be found in here. Please refer to the previous section for how to load and run the checkpoints. For the PyPI library, 630k-audioset-best.pt and 630k-audioset-fusion-best.pt are our default models (non-fusion and fusion)

We further provide below pretrained models according to your usages:

The checkpoints list here for each model setting is the one with the highest average mAP score in training. The average mAP score is calculated by averaging 4 scores: A-->T mAP@10 on AudioCaps, and T-->A mAP@10 on AudioCaps, A-->T mAP@10 on Clotho, and T-->A mAP@10 on Clotho.

To use above pretrained models, you need to load the ckpt by yourself, as:

Update 2023.4.7: we have released 3 larger CLAP models trained on music, speech dataset in addition to LAION-Audio-630k. Here are descriptions of the model and their performance:

  • music_speech_audioset_epoch_15_esc_89.98.pt: trained on music + speech + Audioset + LAION-Audio-630k. The zeroshot ESC50 performance is 89.98%, the GTZAN performance is 51%.
  • music_audioset_epoch_15_esc_90.14.pt: trained on music + Audioset + LAION-Audio-630k. The zeroshot ESC50 performance is 90.14%, the GTZAN performance is 71%.
  • music_speech_epoch_15_esc_89.25.pt: trained on music + speech + LAION-Audio-630k. The zeroshot ESC50 performance is 89.25%, the GTZAN performance is 69%.

The model uses a larger audio encoder. To load the model using the pip API:

import laion_clap
model = laion_clap.CLAP_Module(enable_fusion=False, amodel= 'HTSAT-base')
model.load_ckpt('checkpoint_path/checkpoint_name.pt')

Please note that this is a temporary release for people who are working on larger-scale down-stream task. We will release a more comprehensive version of the model with detailed experiments in the future. Please take your own risk when using this model.

  • All the new checkpoints did not trained with fusion. The training dataset size for music_speech_audioset_epoch_15_esc_89.98.pt is around 4M samples. The zeroshot GTZAN score is evaluated using the prompt This audio is a <genre> song.

Environment Installation

If you want to check and reuse our model into your project instead of directly using the pip library, you need to install the same environment as we use, please run the following command:

conda create env -n clap python=3.10
conda activate clap
git clone https://github.com/LAION-AI/CLAP.git
cd CLAP
# you can also install pytorch by following the official instruction (https://pytorch.org/get-started/locally/)
pip install torch==1.11.0+cu113 torchvision==0.12.0+cu113 torchaudio==0.11.0+cu113 -f https://download.pytorch.org/whl/torch_stable.html
pip install -r requirements.txt

Dataset format

We use training data in webdataset format. For details of our dataset please see https://github.com/LAION-AI/audio-dataset.

Due to copyright reasons, we cannot release the dataset we train this model on. However, we released LAION-audio-630K, the data source we used to compose the dataset with link to each audio and their caption. Please refer to LAION-audio-630K for more details. You could download the dataset, preprocess it on your own and train it locally. To train on the local dataset, please change the --remotedata in training scripts (see experiment_scripts folder) with --datasetpath <your dir to datasets>.

You can find an example of our dataset format in here. It contains the full ESC50 dataset, split according to the first 5-fold split.

Training, Fine-tuning and Evaluation

Please find the script of training, fine-tuning and evaluation (zero-shot and retrieval) in the experiment_scripts folder. The scripts included there are the one we used to train our model on a SLURM cluster. You need to change the script to fit your own environment. For example, in a single machine multi-GPU setting, you might want to use torchrun instead of srun to run the script. To train on a single GPU machine, use CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 python -m ... instead of srun. We use Weights and Biases for experiment logging. You need to configure the weights and biases in your environment. To train on local dataset, please change the --remotedata in training scripts (see experiment_scripts folder) with --datasetpath <your dir to datasets>.

Core Code

Please refer to main.py, train.py, data.py,and model.py to quicly get familiar with our model.

Reproducibility

An example of the preprocessed Clotho dataset in webdataset format can be download here (by downloading, you will be agreeing the license described in the Clotho dataset). The audio encoder pretrained with 48kHz AudioSet can be found here, where HTSAT-fullset-imagenet-map=0.467.ckpt is the checkpoint used to initalize our HTSAT audio encoder. You should get similar result by loading from the audio encoder checkpoint and training on same dataset.

The script to train the model on Clotho dataset is included here. You need to replace the datasetpath and pretrained-audio to pointing to your own directory. You could check the report of the training script on a single A100 GPU for reference.

Because most of the dataset has copyright restriction, unfortunatly we cannot directly share other preprocessed datasets. The caption generated by keyword-to-caption model for Audioset can be found here

Zeroshot Classification with ESC50 official split

Here is an example code to run the zeroshot classification on first ESC50 official split with the pip API:

import laion_clap
import glob
import json
import torch
import numpy as np

device = torch.device('cuda:0')

# download https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1scyH43eQAcrBz-5fAw44C6RNBhC3ejvX?usp=sharing and extract ./ESC50_1/test/0.tar to ./ESC50_1/test/
esc50_test_dir = './ESC50_1/test/*/'
class_index_dict_path = './class_labels/ESC50_class_labels_indices_space.json'

# Load the model
model = laion_clap.CLAP_Module(enable_fusion=False, device=device)
model.load_ckpt()

# Get the class index dict
class_index_dict = {v: k for v, k in json.load(open(class_index_dict_path)).items()}

# Get all the data
audio_files = sorted(glob.glob(esc50_test_dir + '**/*.flac', recursive=True))
json_files = sorted(glob.glob(esc50_test_dir + '**/*.json', recursive=True))
ground_truth_idx = [class_index_dict[json.load(open(jf))['tag'][0]] for jf in json_files]

with torch.no_grad():
    ground_truth = torch.tensor(ground_truth_idx).view(-1, 1)

    # Get text features
    all_texts = ["This is a sound of " + t for t in class_index_dict.keys()]
    text_embed = model.get_text_embedding(all_texts)
    audio_embed = model.get_audio_embedding_from_filelist(x=audio_files)

    ranking = torch.argsort(torch.tensor(audio_embed) @ torch.tensor(text_embed).t(), descending=True)
    preds = torch.where(ranking == ground_truth)[1]
    preds = preds.cpu().numpy()

    metrics = {}
    metrics[f"mean_rank"] = preds.mean() + 1
    metrics[f"median_rank"] = np.floor(np.median(preds)) + 1
    for k in [1, 5, 10]:
        metrics[f"R@{k}"] = np.mean(preds < k)
    # map@10
    metrics[f"mAP@10"] = np.mean(np.where(preds < 10, 1 / (preds + 1), 0.0))

    print(
        f"Zeroshot Classification Results: "
        + "\t".join([f"{k}: {round(v, 4):.4f}" for k, v in metrics.items()])
    )

For ESC50 dataset, you could either download our processed ESC50 in webdataset format from here, and extract the ./test/0.tar to ./test/. Or you could download the original ESC50 dataset and preprocess the label to the format of class_labels/ESC50_class_labels_indices_space.json by yourself (replace _ with space).

The result should be the same as the following:

For model = laion_clap.CLAP_Module(enable_fusion=True, device=device): mean_rank: 1.2425 median_rank: 1.0000 R@1: 0.9050 R@5: 0.9900 R@10: 0.9925 mAP@10: 0.9407

For model = laion_clap.CLAP_Module(enable_fusion=False, device=device): mean_rank: 1.1450 median_rank: 1.0000 R@1: 0.9275 R@5: 0.9975 R@10: 1.0000 mAP@10: 0.9556

Note that the results is slightly higher than the reported results in the paper, because we use the train + test data of ESC50 and removing the data overlap in other training datasets (mainly freesound).

Citation

If you find this project and the LAION-Audio-630K dataset useful, please cite our paper:

@inproceedings{laionclap2023,
  title = {Large-scale Contrastive Language-Audio Pretraining with Feature Fusion and Keyword-to-Caption Augmentation},
  author = {Wu*, Yusong and Chen*, Ke and Zhang*, Tianyu and Hui*, Yuchen and Berg-Kirkpatrick, Taylor and Dubnov, Shlomo},
  booktitle={IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP},
  year = {2023}
}
@inproceedings{htsatke2022,
  author = {Ke Chen and Xingjian Du and Bilei Zhu and Zejun Ma and Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick and Shlomo Dubnov},
  title = {HTS-AT: A Hierarchical Token-Semantic Audio Transformer for Sound Classification and Detection},
  booktitle={IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP},
  year = {2022}
}

Acknowledgements

This project is working in progress, thus the codebase and model might not be perfect or bug-free. We will very much appreciate any kind of contribution or and issue raised. If you find a bug or have any suggestion, please feel free to open an issue or contact us. If you would actively contribute to this project, please join the discord of LAION.