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Bonds.html
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<h1>Bonds</h1>
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<section class="tex2jax_ignore mathjax_ignore" id="bonds">
<h1>Bonds<a class="headerlink" href="#bonds" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h1>
<p>Bonds are debt securities that represent a loan made by an investor to a borrower, typically a corporation or government entity. Here’s what you need to know about bonds:</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li><p><strong>Definition</strong>: A bond is essentially an IOU where the issuer promises to pay back the principal with interest.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>Key Components</strong>:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Face value (par value): The amount paid to the bondholder at maturity</p></li>
<li><p>Coupon rate: The interest rate paid by the issuer</p></li>
<li><p>Maturity date: When the principal is to be repaid</p></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p><strong>Types</strong>:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Government bonds (e.g., U.S. Treasuries)</p></li>
<li><p>Municipal bonds</p></li>
<li><p>Corporate bonds</p></li>
<li><p>Junk bonds (high-yield, higher risk)</p></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p><strong>Trading</strong>: Bonds can be traded on the open market, with prices fluctuating based on interest rates and the issuer’s creditworthiness.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>Yields</strong>: Bond yields move inversely to prices. As prices go up, yields go down, and vice versa.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>Risk vs. Return</strong>: Generally considered lower risk than stocks, but also typically offer lower potential returns.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>Role in Portfolios</strong>: Often used for income generation and to balance riskier investments.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Bonds play a crucial role in both individual investment portfolios and the broader financial system, offering a way to preserve capital while generating income.</p>
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